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Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource ▼ |
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14693 | Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. 1603 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 100 | Food 1 | Beechnuts used for food. The hidden stores of the small deer mouse was what the Indians relied upon. The deer mouse is outdone by no other animal in laying up winter stores. Its favorite food is the beechnut. It will lay up, in some safe log or hollow tree, from four to eight quarts, shelled in the most careful manner. The Indians easily find the stores, when the snow is on the ground, by the refuse on the snow. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 100 | |
32394 | Quercus rubra L. 3285 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 100 | Food 1 | Porridge 44 | Dried, ground acorns used as a flour to make gruel. Hardwood ashes and water furnished the lye for soaking the acorns, to swell them and remove the tannic acid. A bark bag or reticule served to hold the acorns while they were washed through a series of hot and cold water to remove the lye. Then they were dried in the sun and became perfectly sweet and palatable. They were ground on depressions of rocks which served as a mortar with a stone pestle, to a flour, which was cooked as a gruel, sometimes called samp. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 100 |
44506 | Zea mays L. 4244 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 101 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Elm bark bags, filled with corn or beans and peas, buried in the ground to keep for the winter. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 101 |
44653 | Zizania palustris L. 4255 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 101 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Rice gathered and dried for a winter supply of food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 101 |
44654 | Zizania palustris L. 4255 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 101 | Food 1 | Pie & Pudding 88 | Wild rice sweetened with maple sugar and used to make pudding. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 101 |
44655 | Zizania palustris L. 4255 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 101 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Rice valuable for cooking with wild fowl or game and maple sugar used to season the mixture. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 101 |
3706 | Apios americana Medik. 289 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 103 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Wild potato was appreciated. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 103 |
8369 | Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch 767 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 103 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Hickory nuts gathered for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 103 |
18227 | Juglans cinerea L. 2031 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 103 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Butternuts gathered for their edible quality and furnished a winter supply of food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 103 |
2068 | Allium canadense L. 138 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 104 | Food 1 | Soup 56 | Very strong flavor of this plant, a valuable wild food, used in soup. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 104 |
2297 | Allium tricoccum Ait. 163 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 104 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Large, wild onion used for food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 104 |
26364 | Phaseolus vulgaris L. 2873 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 104 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | A great number of varieties of beans were used. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 104 |
22043 | Maianthemum canadense Desf. 2378 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 105 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries eaten, but the preparation as a food was not discovered. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 105 |
23618 | Nelumbo lutea Willd. 2570 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 105 | Food 1 | Seeds gathered and roasted like chestnuts. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 105 | |
23619 | Nelumbo lutea Willd. 2570 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 105 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Roots gathered, cut and strung for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 105 |
25146 | Oxalis montana Raf. 2708 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 106 | Food 1 | Dessert 41 | Plant gathered, cooked and sugar added to make a dessert. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 106 |
3152 | Amelanchier stolonifera Wieg. 215 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Berries dried for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
3153 | Amelanchier stolonifera Wieg. 215 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries relished as a fresh food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
3154 | Amelanchier stolonifera Wieg. 215 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries dried and canned for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
11347 | Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe 1122 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruit eaten by deer, bears and sometimes the Indians. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
14902 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Berries sometimes dried for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
14903 | Fragaria vesca L. 1636 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Winter Use Food 59 | Berries sometimes dried and at other times preserved for winter use. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
25507 | Parmelia physodes (L.) Ack. 2748 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Soup 56 | Vegetable soup material cooked into a soup, swelled and afforded a pleasant flavor. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
25508 | Parmelia physodes (L.) Ack. 2748 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Vegetable 31 | Vegetable soup material cooked into a soup, swelled and afforded a pleasant flavor. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
26565 | Photinia melanocarpa (Michx.) Robertson & Phipps 2900 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
30563 | Prunus pumila var. susquehanae (hort. ex Willd.) Jaeger 3176 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 107 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Cherries used to improve the flavor of whisky. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 107 |
30513 | Prunus pensylvanica L. f. 3172 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 108 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Cherries eaten as the women worked making baskets. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 108 |
30662 | Prunus serotina Ehrh. 3177 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 108 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Cherries mostly used in wine or whisky. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 108 |
30663 | Prunus serotina Ehrh. 3177 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 108 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Cherries used for food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 108 |
30854 | Prunus virginiana L. 3181 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 108 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Cherry used for food and for seasoning or flavoring wine. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 108 |
34327 | Rubus allegheniensis Porter 3438 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 108 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Blackberries only used for food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 108 |
33463 | Ribes cynosbati L. 3367 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 109 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries used for food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 109 |
33464 | Ribes cynosbati L. 3367 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 109 | Food 1 | Preserves 1 | Berries made into jams and jellies. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 109 |
34565 | Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke 3454 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 109 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Berries, a favorite article of food, eaten fresh. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 109 |
34566 | Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke 3454 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 109 | Food 1 | Preserves 1 | Berries, a favorite article of food, made into jams and jellies. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 109 |
725 | Acer spicatum Lam. 37 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 110 | Other 3 | Designs 167 | Leaves used as a pattern for bead and applique work. In making up a design for art work or bead work, a woman would burn deer antlers until they turned to charcoal and use this to rub on the backs of leaves. This surface was placed down upon a piece of white birchbark and rubbed until the shape and venation of the leaves were transferred to the birchbark. Then arranging with other leaves, a design would be formed which would be the pattern for the bead work. Oftentimes, this would be placed directly under the loom so that the form and outline of the finished bead work would be a true representation of the natural object. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 110 |
3771 | Apocynum androsaemifolium L. 296 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 111 | Fiber 4 | Sewing Material 102 | Fine divisions of bark were very strong and used as a thread for sewing on the fine beadwork. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 111 |
6326 | Asclepias syriaca L. 446 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 111 | Fiber 4 | Sewing Material 102 | This and other species of the milkweed used for thread materials. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 111 |
7092 | Betula alleghaniensis var. alleghaniensis 575 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Branches used as poles for the wigwam or medicine lodge. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
7268 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark furnished a waterproof cover for the top of the wigwam. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
7269 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Fiber 4 | Canoe Material 70 | Bark furnished the outside cover of the birch bark canoe. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
7270 | Betula papyrifera Marsh. 580 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Bark used to make many of the household utensils, storage vessels and containers. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
11314 | Corylus cornuta var. cornuta 1113 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Fiber 4 | Brushes & Brooms 93 | Bunch of twigs bound together and used as a broom. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
37509 | Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla 3609 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Entire, dyed stem used to make baskets. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
37510 | Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla 3609 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 112 | Fiber 4 | Mats, Rugs & Bedding 67 | Entire, dyed stem used to make mats. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
8370 | Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch 767 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 113 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Strong, elastic wood used to make bows and arrows. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 113 |
14694 | Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. 1603 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 113 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used to make food or chopping bowls. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 113 |
15309 | Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. 1660 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 113 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Wood rings used for making woven wooden baskets. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 113 |
15310 | Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. 1660 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 113 | Other 3 | Cooking Tools 33 | Wood used for making wooden spoons. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 113 |
27382 | Pinus banksiana Lamb. 2952 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 113 | Fiber 4 | Sewing Material 102 | Roots used as a heavy sewing material. The roots extend near the surface of the ground through the sandy soil for thirty to thirty-five feet and were easy to pull out of the ground in their entire length. When they were gathered they were made into coils and sunk beneath the surface of the lake until the outer bark had loosened from the root. Then, they were peeled and split in half, each half being a serviceable cord for sewing together canoes and bark strips intended for the roofs of wigwams and for other purposes. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 113 |
27384 | Pinus banksiana Lamb. 2952 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 113 | Other 3 | Waterproofing Agent 154 | Pitch from the cones used to waterproof sewn seams. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 113 |
12625 | Dirca palustris L. 1317 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 114 | Fiber 4 | Cordage 99 | Tough, stringy bark made a good substitute for twine. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
40381 | Tilia americana L. 3959 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 114 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Bark string used for fashioning bags. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
40382 | Tilia americana L. 3959 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 114 | Fiber 4 | Cordage 99 | Bark string used for making cordage. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
40383 | Tilia americana L. 3959 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 114 | Fiber 4 | Sewing Material 102 | Bark string used for sewing the edges of mats. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
41361 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 114 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Leaves sewn together to make a wind-proof and waterproof side mat to be applied to the wigwam. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
41362 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 114 | Fiber 4 | Mats, Rugs & Bedding 67 | Catkins used to make an infant's quilt. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
41364 | Typha latifolia L. 4049 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 114 | Other 3 | Waterproofing Agent 154 | Leaves sewn together to make a wind-proof and waterproof side mat to be applied to the wigwam. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
41587 | Ulmus rubra Muhl. 4052 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 115 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Bark used to make boxes and baskets. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 115 |
41588 | Ulmus rubra Muhl. 4052 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 115 | Fiber 4 | Building Material 91 | Bark used to make wigwam sides. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 115 |
41829 | Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. 4059 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 115 | Fiber 4 | Cordage 99 | Outer rind twisted into a two-strand cord and used for sewing cattail mats and baskets. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 115 |
627 | Acer rubrum L. 32 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Traps boiled in water with bark to deodorize the scent of the previous animal trapped. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
2376 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Drug 2 | Veterinary Aid 34 | Powdered bark used as an astringent for horse galls. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
2378 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Bark used to obtain a brown dye. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
2379 | Alnus incana (L.) Moench 168 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Bark used to obtain a red dye. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
17781 | Impatiens capensis Meerb. 1981 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Dye 5 | Orange 193 | Material placed in pot of boiling plant juice to dye it orange. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
17782 | Impatiens capensis Meerb. 1981 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Material placed in pot of boiling plant juice to dye it yellow. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
33307 | Rhus typhina L. 3355 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 116 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco to cause it to smoke pleasantly. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116 |
939 | Achillea millefolium L. 38 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 117 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Seed heads placed on a pan of live coals to produce smoke to keep the witches away. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117 |
3276 | Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. 236 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 117 | Other 3 | Protection 58 | Dried tops placed on a pan of live coals to hurt the eyes of the evil spirits and keep them away. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117 |
9483 | Chenopodium capitatum (L.) Ambrosi 898 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 117 | Dye 5 | Red 136 | Fruit heads used as rouge to paint on clan marks or to heighten the color of cheeks and lips. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117 |
14569 | Eupatorium purpureum L. 1582 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 117 | Other 3 | Good Luck Charm 147 | Flowering tops used as a good luck talisman for gambling. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117 |
35143 | Rudbeckia hirta L. 3476 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 117 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Disk florets boiled with rushes to dye them yellow. Rushes used to make woven mats. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117 |
38498 | Sonchus arvensis L. 3753 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 117 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Hunters sucked the milk from branches to imitate the sound of a fawn nursing, to draw the doe near. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117 |
4642 | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. 347 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 118 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Leaves mixed with tobacco. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118 |
11125 | Cornus sericea ssp. sericea 1102 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 118 | Other 3 | Smoke Plant 63 | Toasted, shredded bark used as kinnikinnick or smoking material. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118 |
13246 | Epigaea repens L. 1410 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 118 | Other 3 | Sacred Items 185 | Tribal flower of Forest Potawatomi and considered these flowers came directly from their divinity. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118 |
37508 | Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla 3609 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 118 | Drug 2 | Love Medicine 133 | Flowers used by women as a love medicine. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118 |
37514 | Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth 3610 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 118 | Fiber 4 | Mats, Rugs & Bedding 67 | Fruiting tops used as a resilient material for stuffing and making pillows. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118 |
3677 | Anthoxanthum odoratum L. 284 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Used to make baskets. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
3678 | Anthoxanthum odoratum L. 284 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Fiber 4 | Sewing Material 102 | Used to sew buckskin when making moccasins and articles of clothing. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
18117 | Iris versicolor L. 2017 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Fiber 4 | Basketry 43 | Leaves used to weave baskets. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
18118 | Iris versicolor L. 2017 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Fiber 4 | Mats, Rugs & Bedding 67 | Leaves used to weave mats. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
19842 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Dye 5 | Brown 150 | Leaves used to make a beverage and also used as a brown dye material. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
19843 | Ledum groenlandicum Oeder 2125 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Leaves used to make a beverage and also used as a brown dye material. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
32393 | Quercus rubra L. 3285 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Dye 5 | Red-Brown 127 | Rushes gathered for mat weaving and boiled with bark to impart a brownish red dye. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
32395 | Quercus rubra L. 3285 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 120 | Other 3 | Designs 167 | Leaves used to furnish a design for beadwork. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120 |
111 | Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 121 | Drug 2 | Cold Remedy 21 | Needles used to make pillows, believing that the aroma kept one from having a cold. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
114 | Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 121 | Fiber 4 | Mats, Rugs & Bedding 67 | Needles used to make pillows, believing that the aroma kept one from having a cold. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
10545 | Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. 1055 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 121 | Other 3 | Insecticide 76 | Leaves thrown onto the fire to make a smudge and keep away mosquitoes. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
22044 | Maianthemum canadense Desf. 2378 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 121 | Other 3 | Good Luck Charm 147 | Root used as a good luck charm to win a game. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
23569 | Myrica gale L. 2557 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 121 | Food 1 | Preservative 83 | Plant used to line the blueberry pail to keep the berries from spoiling. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
23570 | Myrica gale L. 2557 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 121 | Other 3 | Insecticide 76 | Plant thrown onto the fire to make a smudge and keep away mosquitoes. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
28559 | Platanthera ?media (Rydb.) Luer (pro sp.) [dilatata ? hyperborea] 3008 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 121 | Drug 2 | Love Medicine 133 | Women rubbed this plant on their cheek as a love charm to enable them to secure a good husband. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
37060 | Sanguinaria canadensis L. 3572 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 121 | Dye 5 | Root used as facial paint to put on clan and identification marks. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 | |
1595 | Adiantum pedatum L. 71 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 122 | Other 3 | Good Luck Charm 147 | Black stems used as hunting charms to bring good luck. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 122 |
10681 | Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. 1072 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 122 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Roots cooked with the cloth to dye an indelible yellow. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 122 |
19534 | Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch 2099 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 122 | Food 1 | Fodder 50 | Shredded inner bark mixed with oats and fed to horses to make the hide of the animal loose. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 122 |
27383 | Pinus banksiana Lamb. 2952 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 122 | Other 3 | Lighting 145 | Pine pitch and cedar used to make torches and attached to the canoe bow for night hunting. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 122 |
28262 | Pinus strobus L. 2977 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 122 | Fiber 4 | Caulking Material 94 | Pitch rendered from the bark or cone and used to caulk boats and canoes. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 122 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );