uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
44,691 rows sorted by id descending
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id ▲ | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
44691 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Saanich 215 | tb71 23 | 77 | Food 1 | Spice 86 | Fleshy roots and leaf bases used to flavor seal, porpoise and deer meat. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77 |
44690 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Oweekeno 181 | c93 14 | 82 | Food 1 | Leaves picked with attached herring spawn and eaten. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 82 | |
44689 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 89 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Leaves formerly used to trap herring spawn. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89 |
44688 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 89 | Food 1 | Fleshy, whitish rhizomes formerly eaten raw. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89 | |
44687 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | t73 53 | 200 | Food 1 | Plants eaten raw with eulachon grease. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 | |
44686 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Kwakiutl, Southern 122 | tb73 63 | 274 | Food 1 | Special Food 47 | Stems and roots dipped in oil and eaten during feasts. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 274 |
44685 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 59 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Leaves used to collect herring spawn. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
44684 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 59 | Food 1 | Greenish 'root' (actually rhizomes) eaten raw. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 | |
44683 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 59 | Food 1 | Brownish 'roots' (actually rhizomes) cleaned, washed and eaten raw. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 | |
44682 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Hesquiat 92 | te82 41 | 59 | Food 1 | Forage 5 | Brownish 'roots' (actually rhizomes) eaten by Black Brants, Canada geese, Mallard ducks and cattle. | Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59 |
44681 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Cowichan 52 | tb71 23 | 77 | Food 1 | Spice 86 | Fleshy roots and leaf bases used to flavor seal, porpoise and deer meat. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77 |
44680 | Zostera marina L. 4260 | Bellabella 22 | t73 53 | 200 | Food 1 | Plants eaten raw with eulachon grease. | Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 200 | |
44679 | Ziziphus parryi Torr. 4259 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 56 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Leached nutlet of the drupe ground into a flour. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 56 |
44678 | Ziziphus parryi Torr. 4259 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 56 | Food 1 | Porridge 44 | Drupes dried and ground into flour for mush. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 56 |
44677 | Ziziphus parryi Torr. 4259 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 56 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Drupes eaten fresh. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 56 |
44676 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 7 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits eaten raw and boiled. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
44675 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 50 | Food 1 | Sauce & Relish 7 | Berries boiled and used to make a syrup. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50 |
44674 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 50 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Ripe, black berries eaten raw. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50 |
44673 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 50 | Food 1 | Fodder 50 | Seeds squeezed out from boiled berries and fed to chickens. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50 |
44672 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 50 | Drug 2 | Eye Medicine 25 | Decoction of roots used as a wash for sore eyes. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50 |
44671 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 50 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Infusion of roots used as a shampoo. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50 |
44670 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 50 | Drug 2 | Antirheumatic (External) 35 | Thorns used to prick the skin over rheumatic pains. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50 |
44669 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 50 | Drug 2 | Analgesic 6 | Thorns used to prick the skin over rheumatic pains. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50 |
44668 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Mohave and Maricopa 148 | cb51 125 | 204 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits mashed into a concoction and eaten. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 204 |
44667 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Mohave 147 | cb51 125 | 204 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Berries dried and stored, to be soaked in hot water and used later. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 204 |
44666 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Maricopa 136 | cb51 125 | 204 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Fruits mashed into a concoction and eaten. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 204 |
44665 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Maricopa 136 | cb51 125 | 204 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Berries dried and stored, to be soaked in hot water and used later. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 204 |
44664 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Havasupai 89 | spier28 164 | 102 | Other 3 | Tools 17 | Branch used to make a planting stick. | Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 102 |
44663 | Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston 4258 | Apache 10 | c49 11 | 50 | Other 3 | Soap 106 | Root used for washing the hair. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50 |
44662 | Ziziphus obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray 4257 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 258 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Mashed berries added to water and use as a drink. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 258 |
44661 | Ziziphus obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray 4257 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 76 | Food 1 | Fruit 52 | Black berries beaten with sticks and eaten raw. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 76 |
44660 | Ziziphus obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray 4257 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 79 | Drug 2 | Eye Medicine 25 | Decoction of pounded root used as a wash for sore eyes. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 79 |
44659 | Ziziphus obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray 4257 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 19 | Food 1 | Sauce & Relish 7 | Fruits boiled to a syrup and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 19 |
44658 | Ziziphus obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray 4257 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 26 | Food 1 | Beverage 27 | Fruits formerly fermented and used for a beverage. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 26 |
44657 | Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J. Koch 4256 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 250 | Drug 2 | Febrifuge 45 | Root used for fevers and compound containing flower stalks used for headache. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 250 |
44656 | Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J. Koch 4256 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 250 | Drug 2 | Analgesic 6 | Compound containing flower stalks used as snuff for sick headache. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 250 |
44655 | Zizania palustris L. 4255 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 101 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Rice valuable for cooking with wild fowl or game and maple sugar used to season the mixture. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 101 |
44654 | Zizania palustris L. 4255 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 101 | Food 1 | Pie & Pudding 88 | Wild rice sweetened with maple sugar and used to make pudding. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 101 |
44653 | Zizania palustris L. 4255 | Potawatomi 206 | smith33 43 | 101 | Food 1 | Dried Food 4 | Rice gathered and dried for a winter supply of food. | Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 101 |
44652 | Zizania palustris L. 4255 | Ojibwa 173 | smith32 20 | 403 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Formed an important staple in the diet, cooked with deer broth and maple sugar and eaten. | Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 403 |
44651 | Zizania palustris L. 4255 | Chippewa 38 | d28 4 | 318 | Food 1 | Cooked alone or with meat and used as the principle cereal food. | Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 318 | |
44650 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Winnebago 280 | g19 17 | 67 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Rice considered an important dietary element. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 67 |
44649 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 144 | Other 3 | Cash Crop 132 | Rice used for trading. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 144 |
44648 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 144 | Food 1 | Rice cooked with meat. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 144 | |
44647 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Ponca 205 | g19 17 | 67 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Rice considered an important dietary element. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 67 |
44646 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Omaha 177 | g19 17 | 67 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Rice considered an important dietary element. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 67 |
44645 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Omaha 177 | g13ii 154 | 328 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Grains used as a staple food. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 328 |
44644 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 246 | Other 3 | Cash Crop 132 | Seeds scorched, winnowed and sold as breakfast food. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 246 |
44643 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 246 | Food 1 | Special Food 47 | Seeds boiled with rabbit excrements, eaten and esteemed as a luxury. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 246 |
44642 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 246 | Food 1 | Breakfast Food 230 | Seeds steamed into puffed rice and eaten for breakfast with sugar and cream. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 246 |
44641 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Ojibwa 173 | r28 8 | 246 | Food 1 | Bread & Cake 2 | Seeds used to make gem cakes, duck stuffing and fowl stuffing. | Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 246 |
44640 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 259 | Food 1 | Rice used for food. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 259 | |
44639 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 67 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Rice cooked with deer broth, pork or butter and seasoned with maple sugar. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 67 |
44638 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Dakota 61 | g19 17 | 67 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Rice considered an important dietary element. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 67 |
44637 | Zizania aquatica L. 4254 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 360 | Food 1 | Staple 75 | Grain used as an important and prized food item. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 360 |
44636 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 45 | Drug 2 | Febrifuge 45 | Smoke from powdered plant inhaled in sweatbath for fever. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 45 |
44635 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 45 | Drug 2 | Eye Medicine 25 | Cold infusion of blossoms used as an eyewash. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 45 |
44634 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 45 | Drug 2 | Diaphoretic 77 | Plant used in a sweatbath for fever. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 45 |
44633 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Zuni 291 | s15 6 | 45 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Poultice of powdered plant applied to bruises. | Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 45 |
44632 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 54 | Drug 2 | Gastrointestinal Aid 14 | Decoction of plant taken for stomachache or heartburn. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 54 |
44631 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 54 | Drug 2 | Emetic 40 | Plant used as a ceremonial emetic. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 54 |
44630 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 54 | Drug 2 | Ceremonial Medicine 12 | Plant used as a ceremonial emetic. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 54 |
44629 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 54 | Drug 2 | Cathartic 29 | Decoction of plant taken as a cathartic. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 54 |
44628 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Navajo, Ramah 159 | v52 18 | 54 | Drug 2 | Analgesic 6 | Decoction of plant taken for stomachache, heartburn and as a cathartic. | Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 54 |
44627 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 97 | Drug 2 | Throat Aid 123 | Plant used for throat troubles. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97 |
44626 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Navajo 157 | e44 74 | 97 | Drug 2 | Nose Medicine 118 | Plant used for nose troubles. | Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97 |
44625 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 38 | Other 3 | Paint 26 | Flowers ground into a paste and used as a dark red body paint. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
44624 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 38 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Flowers, ground with white clay or mixed with warm water, used as yellow dye for wool. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
44623 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 38 | Dye 5 | Yellow 72 | Flowers rubbed into buckskin as a yellow dye. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
44622 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 38 | Drug 2 | Other 18 | Infusion of plant used as a bath for excessive sweating. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
44621 | Zinnia grandiflora Nutt. 4253 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 38 | Drug 2 | Kidney Aid 3 | Hot infusion of plant drunk for kidney trouble. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
44620 | Zinnia acerosa (DC.) Gray 4252 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 39 | Drug 2 | Psychological Aid 60 | Plant given to children to quickly learn to talk. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 39 |
44619 | Zinnia acerosa (DC.) Gray 4252 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 39 | Drug 2 | Antirheumatic (External) 35 | Crushed plant paste mixed with salt and used on swellings or aches. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 39 |
44618 | Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 4251 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 19 | Drug 2 | Toothache Remedy 71 | Roots cooked and used in the tooth hollow for toothaches. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19 |
44617 | Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 4251 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 19 | Drug 2 | Orthopedic Aid 39 | Roots with other plant parts mixed with water and used as a bath for slight sprains. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19 |
44616 | Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 4251 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 19 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Roots with other plant parts mixed with water and used as a bath for bruises. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19 |
44615 | Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 4251 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 19 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Roots and other roots pounded with salt and used for itch and kindred afflictions of the skin. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19 |
44614 | Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 4251 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 19 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Roots & other roots pounded with salt, mixed with urine & used for ringworm & white skin blotches. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19 |
44613 | Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 4251 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 19 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Leaf ashes, other ashes and nut juice used for cuts and skin sores. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19 |
44612 | Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 4251 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 19 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Juice used for hair dressing. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19 |
44611 | Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 4251 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 19 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Flowers and roots and other plants pounded, mixed with water and rubbed on the body during massages. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19 |
44610 | Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. 4251 | Hawaiian 90 | a22 68 | 19 | Drug 2 | Analgesic 6 | Roots or bulbs pounded with salt and the resulting juice used as a head wash for headaches. | Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19 |
44609 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Yuki 287 | c57ii 69 | 94 | Drug 2 | Poison 13 | Bulbs considered poisonous. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 94 |
44608 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 133 | Drug 2 | Orthopedic Aid 39 | Mashed bulbs rubbed on broken bones to help them heal more quickly. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 133 |
44607 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Thompson 259 | p52 55 | 37 | Drug 2 | Antirheumatic (External) 35 | Bulbs mashed and used for rheumatism. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 37 |
44606 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Squaxin 251 | g73 25 | 23 | Drug 2 | Emetic 40 | Plant sometimes used as a violent emetic. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23 |
44605 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 55 | Drug 2 | Poison 13 | Plant considered poisonous. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 55 |
44604 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 55 | Drug 2 | Orthopedic Aid 39 | Poultice of plant applied to sore legs. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 55 |
44603 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 30 | Drug 2 | Poison 13 | Plant considered poisonous. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 30 |
44602 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Paiute, Northern 185 | f89 50 | 128 | Drug 2 | Antirheumatic (External) 35 | Poultice of roasted, mashed bulbs applied to swollen parts or used for rheumatism. | Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128 |
44601 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Paiute 183 | tha41 12 | 149150 | Drug 2 | Snake Bite Remedy 114 | Poultice of bulb used for rattlesnake bites. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 149150 |
44600 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Paiute 183 | m53 98 | 54 | Drug 2 | Poison 13 | Seeds and roots considered a deadly poison if eaten by humans or horses. | Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 54 |
44599 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Paiute 183 | tha41 12 | 149150 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Poultice of bulb used for swellings. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 149150 |
44598 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Paiute 183 | tha41 12 | 149150 | Drug 2 | Burn Dressing 82 | Poultice of bulb used for burns. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 149150 |
44597 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Paiute 183 | tha41 12 | 149150 | Drug 2 | Antirheumatic (External) 35 | Poultice of bulb used for rheumatic pains. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 149150 |
44596 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Paiute 183 | tha41 12 | 149150 | Drug 2 | Analgesic 6 | Poultice of bulb used for rheumatic pains. | Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 149150 |
44595 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Okanagon 176 | p52 55 | 37 | Drug 2 | Antirheumatic (External) 35 | Bulbs mashed and used for rheumatism. | Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 37 |
44594 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 50 | Other 3 | Hunting & Fishing Item 28 | Mashed bulbs used as an arrow poison. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50 |
44593 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Okanagan-Colville 175 | tbk80 32 | 50 | Drug 2 | Poison 13 | Bulbs considered extremely poisonous. | Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50 |
44592 | Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats. 4250 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 27 | Drug 2 | Dermatological Aid 8 | Poultice of cooked, mashed bulbs applied to boils. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 27 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );