uses
Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB
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id | species | tribe | source | pageno | use_category | use_subcategory ▼ | notes | rawsource |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 | Haisla 86 | g92 166 | 152 | Drug 2 | Bark and other plants used for 'sickness.' | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 | |
7 | Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 | Haisla 86 | g92 166 | 151 | Food 1 | Cambium used for food. | Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151 | |
13 | Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 316 | Drug 2 | Decoction of bark used medicinally. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316 | |
14 | Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 | Kitasoo 112 | c93 14 | 316 | Food 1 | Inner bark used for food. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316 | |
26 | Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 97 | Drug 2 | Decoction of branches taken as medicine. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 | |
32 | Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 163 | Drug 2 | Needles and wood stuffed into pillows and used for good health. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163 | |
33 | Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 164 | Drug 2 | Needles stuffed into pillows and used for good health. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164 | |
39 | Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 124 | Drug 2 | Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124 | |
72 | Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 | Malecite 134 | sd52 78 | 6 | Drug 2 | Pitch used in medicines. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 | |
83 | Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 | Menominee 138 | s23 51 | 45 | Drug 2 | Poultice of fresh inner bark used for unspecified illnesses. | Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45 | |
146 | Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. 5 | Carrier, Southern 29 | s29 9 | 50 | Drug 2 | Tree used as medicine. | Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 | |
167 | Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. 5 | Nitinaht 166 | ttco83 101 | 71 | Drug 2 | Boughs placed in fire and smoke inhaled to prevent sickness. | Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71 | |
203 | Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. 5 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 97 | Drug 2 | Decoction of branches taken as medicine. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 | |
297 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Shuswap 233 | palmer75 92 | 50 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50 | |
310 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 97 | Drug 2 | Decoction of branches taken as medicine. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 | |
312 | Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. 6 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 97 | Food 1 | Inner bark used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97 | |
345 | Abies sp. 8 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 484 | Food 1 | Gum chewed and swallowed. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 484 | |
348 | Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook. 10 | Acoma 2 | c35 19 | 39 | Food 1 | Roots ground, mixed with corn meal and eaten. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 39 | |
352 | Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook. 10 | Laguna 124 | c35 19 | 39 | Food 1 | Roots ground, mixed with corn meal and eaten. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 39 | |
365 | Abronia latifolia Eschsch. 11 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 201 | Food 1 | Roots used for food. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 201 | |
366 | Abronia latifolia Eschsch. 11 | Klallam 114 | g73 25 | 29 | Food 1 | Roots used for food. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29 | |
367 | Abronia latifolia Eschsch. 11 | Makah 133 | g73 25 | 29 | Food 1 | Roots eaten in the fall. | Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29 | |
390 | Acacia greggii Gray 15 | Pima 193 | r08 104 | 76 | Food 1 | Beans formerly used for food. | Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 76 | |
413 | Acer circinatum Pursh 22 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 197 | Food 1 | Sap eaten fresh. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 197 | |
480 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Clallam 41 | f80 99 | 197 | Food 1 | Sap eaten fresh. | Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 197 | |
483 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Costanoan 50 | b84 16 | 248 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248 | |
513 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Salish, Coast 217 | tb71 23 | 77 | Food 1 | Cambium eaten in small quantities with oil. | Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77 | |
528 | Acer macrophyllum Pursh 26 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 147 | Food 1 | Raw shoots used for food. | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 147 | |
580 | Acer pensylvanicum L. 31 | Algonquin, Quebec 7 | b80 67 | 196 | Drug 2 | Infusion of plant used as a medicinal tea. | Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 196 | |
649 | Acer saccharinum L. 34 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 142 | Drug 2 | Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a medicine. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142 | |
683 | Acer saccharum Marsh. 35 | Iroquois 100 | w16 112 | 142 | Drug 2 | Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a medicine. | Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142 | |
812 | Achillea millefolium L. 38 | Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 | c93 14 | 220 | Drug 2 | Plants placed on heated rocks and rising vapors used for unspecified illness. | Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 220 | |
983 | Achillea millefolium L. 38 | Thompson 259 | tta90 10 | 166 | Drug 2 | Roots and stems considered 'a good medicine.' | Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166 | |
1003 | Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw. 40 | Eskimo, Alaska 67 | a39 167 | 716 | Drug 2 | Infusion of dried plants used for medicinal purposes. | Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716 | |
1004 | Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw. 40 | Eskimo, Nunivak 74 | s73 94 | 325 | Drug 2 | Infusion of dried plants used for its medicinal qualities. | Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 325 | |
1095 | Achillea sp. 44 | Aleut 5 | bt51 194 | 29 | Food 1 | Species used for food. | Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29 | |
1116 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 157 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 | |
1118 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 375 | Food 1 | Seeds formerly used for food. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 375 | |
1134 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Montana Indian 151 | b05 73 | 11 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 | |
1141 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Navajo 157 | c35 19 | 27 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 27 | |
1154 | Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth 46 | Zuni 291 | c35 19 | 27 | Food 1 | Used especially in earlier times as an important source of food. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 27 | |
1156 | Achnatherum speciosum (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth 48 | Kawaiisu 106 | z81 60 | 66 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. When ripe in June, the grass was cut off in bunches, tied together with stems of the grass and thrown over the shoulder into the carrying basket suspended on one's back. Two procedures were used in preparing the seeds for food. First, the grass was spread out on a flat rock, where it was allowed to dry a half day and then threshed by burning. If the fire burned too quickly, green spear grass was added to slow it down. The burned stalks were stirred and lifted with a green stick so that the seeds would fall out. The seeds were gathered and winnowed by being poured from one basket to another. Boiled, the seeds swelled 'like rice.' A cupful would fill a pot. Second, the grass was dried for a day or two and the seeds beaten out. They would be boiled whole or first pounded to a meal and then cooked. | Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 66 | |
1161 | Aconitum delphiniifolium DC. 50 | Salish 216 | teit28 144 | 294 | Drug 2 | Plant used as a medicine. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 294 | |
1172 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Abnaki 1 | r47 84 | 175 | Food 1 | Roots used for food. | Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 175 | |
1232 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Cree, Alberta 55 | s73 94 | 331 | Drug 2 | Root chewed for the medicinal effects. | Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 331 | |
1275 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Dakota 61 | g13i 91 | 359 | Food 1 | Dried root chewed for the agreeable taste. | Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 359 | |
1308 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Lakota 125 | r80 108 | 26 | Food 1 | Leaves and stalks used for food. | Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 26 | |
1311 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Malecite 134 | sd52 78 | 6 | Drug 2 | Used for medicines. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 | |
1329 | Acorus calamus L. 55 | Micmac 141 | sd51 182 | 258 | Drug 2 | Roots chewed for medicinal use. | Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 | |
1513 | Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr. 67 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 30 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 30 | |
1523 | Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr. 67 | Coahuilla 42 | b67 168 | 77 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77 | |
1596 | Adiantum sp. 72 | Apalachee 16 | hann86 197 | 98 | Drug 2 | Plant water used for medicinal purposes. | Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 98 | |
1619 | Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. 73 | Pomo, Kashaya 202 | gl80 40 | 27 | Food 1 | Boiled nuts eaten with baked kelp, meat and seafood. Nuts were put into boiling water to loosen the husk. After the husk was removed, the nut meat was returned to boiling water and cooked until it was soft like cooked potatoes. The nut meat was then mashed with a mortar stone. The grounds could be strained at this stage or strained after soaking. The grounds would be soaked and leached a long time to remove the poisonous tannin. An older method was to peel the nuts and roast them in ashes until they were soft. They were then crushed and the meal was put in a sandy leaching basin beside a stream. For about five hours, the meal was leached with water from the stream. When the bitterness disappeared it was ready to eat without further cooking. | Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 27 | |
1623 | Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. 73 | Tubatulabal 269 | v38 137 | 15 | Food 1 | Nuts used for food. | Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 15 | |
1625 | Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt. 73 | Yuki 287 | c57ii 69 | 85 | Food 1 | Nut meats mashed and used for food. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 85 | |
1661 | Agaricus campestris 81 | Delaware 62 | t72 97 | 60 | Food 1 | Salted, boiled or fried in fat and used for food. | Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 60 | |
1675 | Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze 84 | Cheyenne 33 | h81 57 | 27 | Drug 2 | Infusion of leaves taken for its medicinal qualities. | Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 27 | |
1714 | Agastache scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Kuntze 87 | Meskwaki 139 | smith28 21 | 225 | Drug 2 | Compound of plant heads used medicinally. | Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 225 | |
1715 | Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze 88 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 374 | Food 1 | Seeds formerly used for food. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 374 | |
1729 | Agave americana L. 89 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 155 | Food 1 | Tubers pit baked and eaten. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155 | |
1737 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | cu35 27 | 16 | Food 1 | Pit baked and extensively used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 16 | |
1738 | Agave americana L. 89 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 61 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 61 | |
1753 | Agave decipiens Baker 90 | Apache, White Mountain 15 | r29 45 | 155 | Food 1 | Tubers pit baked and eaten. | Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155 | |
1754 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Dye 5 | Burned stalk ash used as a dye for tattoos. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 | |
1763 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Food 1 | Baked leaves eaten. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 | |
1764 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Food 1 | Flowers parboiled to release the bitterness and eaten. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 | |
1765 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cahuilla 24 | bs72 31 | 31 | Food 1 | Roasted stalks used for food. | Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31 | |
1772 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Cocopa 44 | cb51 125 | 202 | Food 1 | Crowns gathered and pit-baked. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 202 | |
1774 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Diegueno 65 | hedges86 85 | 13 | Food 1 | Roots and stalks baked overnight in a pit oven and used for food. | Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 13 | |
1775 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 61 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 61 | |
1778 | Agave deserti Engelm. 91 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 48 | Food 1 | Heads pit baked and eaten with pinole. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 48 | |
1793 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Crowns used for food. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 | |
1798 | Agave palmeri Engelm. 93 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 61 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 61 | |
1802 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache 10 | c35 19 | 13 | Food 1 | Roots baked and eaten. | Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 13 | |
1803 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 35 | Food 1 | Bulbous crowns baked in pits, pulpy centers released, pounded into thin sheets and eaten. The Mescalero Apache were named for the food they made from mescal. In the pits where the crowns were baked, the largest rock was placed in the center and a cross made on it from black ashes. While the mescal baked, the women were supposed to stay away from their husbands, and if the crown was not completely roasted when removed from the pit, they were believed to have disobeyed. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 35 | |
1804 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero 11 | co36 95 | 38 | Food 1 | Stalks roasted, boiled or eaten raw. | Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 38 | |
1823 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Crowns used for food. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 | |
1824 | Agave parryi Engelm. 94 | Apache, Western 14 | b86 87 | 169 | Food 1 | Crowns used for food. | Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169 | |
1840 | Agave schottii Engelm. 95 | Papago 188 | cb42 160 | 61 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 61 | |
1841 | Agave sp. 96 | Apache, San Carlos 13 | h08 174 | 257 | Food 1 | Pit baked and used for food. | Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257 | |
1858 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Heads baked and eaten. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 | |
1859 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Leaves boiled and eaten. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 | |
1860 | Agave sp. 96 | Navajo 157 | b65 195 | 94 | Food 1 | Young and tender flowering stalks and shoots roasted and eaten. | Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94 | |
1866 | Agave sp. 96 | Yavapai 284 | g36 48 | 259 | Food 1 | Flower stalk baked and soft, inner part used for food. | Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259 | |
1904 | Agoseris aurantiaca var. aurantiaca 103 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 383 | Food 1 | Leaves used for food. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 383 | |
1905 | Agoseris aurantiaca var. purpurea (Gray) Cronq. 104 | Keres, Western 107 | swank32 79 | 25 | Other 3 | Taxon known and named but no use was specified. | Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 | |
1915 | Agoseris sp. 108 | Ute 272 | c09 142 | 36 | Food 1 | Leaves formerly used as food. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36 | |
1942 | Agropyron sp. 112 | Paiute 183 | stew33 65 | 243 | Food 1 | Species used for food. | Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 243 | |
1943 | Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerman 113 | Klamath 115 | c97 66 | 91 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 91 | |
1948 | Alectoria jubata Acharius. 117 | Thompson 259 | steed28 33 | 482 | Food 1 | Plant cooked and eaten. | Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 482 | |
1949 | Alectoria jubata L. 118 | Coeur d'Alene 47 | teit28 144 | 91 | Food 1 | Formerly used for food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 91 | |
1950 | Alectoria jubata L. 118 | Spokan 250 | teit28 144 | 344 | Food 1 | Species used for food. | Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 344 | |
2017 | Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze 130 | Pima 193 | c49 11 | 69 | Food 1 | Ripe seeds winnowed, roasted, ground, water added, cooked and used for food. | Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 69 | |
2019 | Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze 130 | Pima, Gila River 195 | r91 136 | 7 | Food 1 | Seeds used for food. | Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 | |
2022 | Allium acuminatum Hook. 132 | Gosiute 79 | c11 38 | 360 | Food 1 | Bulbs eaten in spring and early summer. | Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360 | |
2023 | Allium acuminatum Hook. 132 | Hoh 94 | r36 77 | 59 | Food 1 | Bulbs pit baked and used for food. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 | |
2024 | Allium acuminatum Hook. 132 | Karok 105 | sg52 71 | 380 | Food 1 | Bulbs relished by only old men and old women. | Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 | |
2026 | Allium acuminatum Hook. 132 | Paiute 183 | k32 153 | 102 | Food 1 | Bulbs roasted and used for food. | Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 | |
2027 | Allium acuminatum Hook. 132 | Paiute 183 | k32 153 | 102 | Food 1 | Seeded heads placed in hot ashes for a few minutes, seeds extracted and eaten. | Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 | |
2029 | Allium acuminatum Hook. 132 | Quileute 209 | r36 77 | 59 | Food 1 | Bulbs pit baked and used for food. | Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
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CREATE TABLE uses ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, species INTEGER NOT NULL, tribe INTEGER NOT NULL, source INTEGER NOT NULL, pageno TEXT NOT NULL, use_category INTEGER, use_subcategory INTEGER, notes TEXT, rawsource TEXT NOT NULL, FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id), FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id), FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id), FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id), FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id) );