{"id": 4336, "species": {"value": 332, "label": "Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 8, "label": "r28"}, "pageno": "238", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Leaves smoked to cause intoxication.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238"}
{"id": 4593, "species": {"value": 347, "label": "Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng."}, "tribe": {"value": 121, "label": "Kwakiutl"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "282", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Leaves smoked as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 282"}
{"id": 4618, "species": {"value": 347, "label": "Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 8, "label": "r28"}, "pageno": "238", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Leaves smoked to cause intoxication.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 238"}
{"id": 7604, "species": {"value": 643, "label": "Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L'H\u201ar. ex Vent."}, "tribe": {"value": 11, "label": "Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero"}, "source": {"value": 95, "label": "co36"}, "pageno": "54", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 54"}
{"id": 10490, "species": {"value": 1051, "label": "Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl"}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "18", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 18"}
{"id": 11042, "species": {"value": 1102, "label": "Cornus sericea ssp. sericea"}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "366", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant used for the similar effect to opium.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 366"}
{"id": 11468, "species": {"value": 1141, "label": "Crotalaria sagittalis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 62, "label": "Delaware"}, "source": {"value": 97, "label": "t72"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Roots used as a strong narcotic.", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 34"}
{"id": 11470, "species": {"value": 1141, "label": "Crotalaria sagittalis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 63, "label": "Delaware, Oklahoma"}, "source": {"value": 22, "label": "t42"}, "pageno": "29, 74", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Root considered to be a very strong narcotic.", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 29, 74"}
{"id": 12124, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "156", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Powdered roots used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156"}
{"id": 12169, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "239", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Leaves or seeds, when eaten, made a person intoxicated for a day or more.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 239"}
{"id": 12172, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 82, "label": "c74"}, "pageno": "306", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 306"}
{"id": 12173, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 37, "label": "w39"}, "pageno": "89", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant well known for the narcotic properties.", "rawsource": "Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 89"}
{"id": 12193, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 128, "label": "Luiseno"}, "source": {"value": 24, "label": "s08"}, "pageno": "229", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Root juice used in boys' puberty ceremony to induce stupefaction.", "rawsource": "Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 229"}
{"id": 12197, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 131, "label": "Mahuna"}, "source": {"value": 5, "label": "r54"}, "pageno": "43", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Smoked leaves or infusion of leaves taken as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 43"}
{"id": 12206, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "41", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 41"}
{"id": 12212, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of root taken and used as a lotion for injury pain, a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 42"}
{"id": 12218, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "66, 67", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Roots used to make a narcotic tea and not used medicinally.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 66, 67"}
{"id": 12226, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 232, "label": "Shoshoni"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "66, 67", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Roots used to make a narcotic tea and not used medicinally.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 66, 67"}
{"id": 12233, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 272, "label": "Ute"}, "source": {"value": 27, "label": "cu35"}, "pageno": "26", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 26"}
{"id": 12238, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 288, "label": "Yuma"}, "source": {"value": 27, "label": "cu35"}, "pageno": "26", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 26"}
{"id": 12241, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 6, "label": "s15"}, "pageno": "46, 48", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Powdered root given as a narcotic for surgery.", "rawsource": "Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 46, 48"}
{"id": 12242, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 27, "label": "cu35"}, "pageno": "26", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 26"}
{"id": 12298, "species": {"value": 1253, "label": "Delphinium nudicaule Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "347", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant had narcotic properties.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 347"}
{"id": 14383, "species": {"value": 1567, "label": "Eschscholzia californica Cham."}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "351", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Root used for the stupefying effect.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 351"}
{"id": 19806, "species": {"value": 2125, "label": "Ledum groenlandicum Oeder"}, "tribe": {"value": 121, "label": "Kwakiutl"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "283", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Leaves considered narcotic.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 283"}
{"id": 21242, "species": {"value": 2271, "label": "Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult."}, "tribe": {"value": 48, "label": "Comanche"}, "source": {"value": 147, "label": "cj40"}, "pageno": "522", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant used in ceremonies as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 522"}
{"id": 21252, "species": {"value": 2271, "label": "Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "43", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 43"}
{"id": 23759, "species": {"value": 2577, "label": "Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "41", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 41"}
{"id": 24709, "species": {"value": 2663, "label": "Opuntia leptocaulis DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 11, "label": "Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero"}, "source": {"value": 95, "label": "co36"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Fruits crushed and mixed with a beverage to produce narcotic effects.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 55"}
{"id": 26238, "species": {"value": 2847, "label": "Petrophyton caespitosum var. caespitosum"}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 27"}
{"id": 37648, "species": {"value": 3638, "label": "Selaginella densa Rydb."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "105", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Plant eaten by a starving man for its doping effect and to make one feel unusually strong.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 105"}
{"id": 38912, "species": {"value": 3828, "label": "Stephanomeria pauciflora (Torr.) A. Nels."}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 54, "label": "Narcotic"}, "notes": "Roots used as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 50"}