{"id": 9, "species": {"value": 1, "label": "Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes"}, "tribe": {"value": 87, "label": "Haisla and Hanaksiala"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "173", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Boughs used as a 'bush sleigh' to pull cargo across deep snow.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173"}
{"id": 418, "species": {"value": 22, "label": "Acer circinatum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 145, "label": "Modesse"}, "source": {"value": 109, "label": "m66"}, "pageno": "223", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Branches used for the frames of snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223"}
{"id": 427, "species": {"value": 22, "label": "Acer circinatum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "56", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 56"}
{"id": 433, "species": {"value": 22, "label": "Acer circinatum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "145", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used in making snowshoe frames.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 145"}
{"id": 434, "species": {"value": 22, "label": "Acer circinatum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "498", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 498"}
{"id": 447, "species": {"value": 23, "label": "Acer glabrum Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "59", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"}
{"id": 460, "species": {"value": 23, "label": "Acer glabrum Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "146", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Branches used whenever obtainable to make snowshoe frames.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 146"}
{"id": 461, "species": {"value": 23, "label": "Acer glabrum Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "500", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Twigs used to make snowshoe frames.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 500"}
{"id": 462, "species": {"value": 23, "label": "Acer glabrum Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "499", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used for making snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499"}
{"id": 468, "species": {"value": 24, "label": "Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel"}, "tribe": {"value": 87, "label": "Haisla and Hanaksiala"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "209", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 209"}
{"id": 2347, "species": {"value": 168, "label": "Alnus incana (L.) Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark applied to toboggan boards to soften them for bending.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"}
{"id": 2404, "species": {"value": 169, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (Du Roi) Clausen"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark applied to toboggan boards to soften them for bending.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"}
{"id": 2431, "species": {"value": 170, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark applied to toboggan boards to soften them for bending.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"}
{"id": 2454, "species": {"value": 170, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "188", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188"}
{"id": 4191, "species": {"value": 322, "label": "Arbutus menziesii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 70, "label": "b81"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Bark used by children as sleds.", "rawsource": "Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"}
{"id": 4233, "species": {"value": 322, "label": "Arbutus menziesii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 266, "label": "Tolowa"}, "source": {"value": 70, "label": "b81"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Bark used by children as sleds.", "rawsource": "Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"}
{"id": 4241, "species": {"value": 322, "label": "Arbutus menziesii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 289, "label": "Yurok"}, "source": {"value": 70, "label": "b81"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Bark used by children as sleds.", "rawsource": "Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"}
{"id": 7152, "species": {"value": 580, "label": "Betula papyrifera Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 9, "label": "Anticosti"}, "source": {"value": 150, "label": "r46"}, "pageno": "65", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 65"}
{"id": 7159, "species": {"value": 580, "label": "Betula papyrifera Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 27, "label": "Carrier"}, "source": {"value": 134, "label": "c73"}, "pageno": "67", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make toboggans.", "rawsource": "Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 67"}
{"id": 7184, "species": {"value": 580, "label": "Betula papyrifera Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make toboggans and snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 32"}
{"id": 7209, "species": {"value": 580, "label": "Betula papyrifera Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 118, "label": "Koyukon"}, "source": {"value": 158, "label": "n83"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make sleds and snowshoe frames.", "rawsource": "Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53"}
{"id": 7281, "species": {"value": 580, "label": "Betula papyrifera Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "5", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make bowls, spoons, wedges, tool handles, drums, toboggans and snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5"}
{"id": 7282, "species": {"value": 580, "label": "Betula papyrifera Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "5", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes, toboggans, drums, bowls, spoons and wedges.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5"}
{"id": 7328, "species": {"value": 585, "label": "Betula sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 71, "label": "Eskimo, Inuktitut"}, "source": {"value": 64, "label": "w78"}, "pageno": "192", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 192"}
{"id": 7334, "species": {"value": 585, "label": "Betula sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 134, "label": "Malecite"}, "source": {"value": 78, "label": "sd52"}, "pageno": "6", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Used to make sled and toboggan runners.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"}
{"id": 8300, "species": {"value": 763, "label": "Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch"}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 154, "label": "g13ii"}, "pageno": "324", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Hickory rims used to make snowshoes tied with thongs of rawhide woven across.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324"}
{"id": 8301, "species": {"value": 764, "label": "Carya glabra var. glabra"}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 154, "label": "g13ii"}, "pageno": "324", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Hickory rims used to make snowshoes tied with thongs of rawhide woven across.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324"}
{"id": 8326, "species": {"value": 766, "label": "Carya laciniosa (Michx. f.) G. Don"}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 154, "label": "g13ii"}, "pageno": "324", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Hickory rims used to make snowshoes tied with thongs of rawhide woven across.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324"}
{"id": 8356, "species": {"value": 767, "label": "Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch"}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 154, "label": "g13ii"}, "pageno": "324", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Hickory rims used to make snowshoes tied with thongs of rawhide woven across.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324"}
{"id": 11043, "species": {"value": 1102, "label": "Cornus sericea ssp. sericea"}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "366", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 366"}
{"id": 11305, "species": {"value": 1113, "label": "Corylus cornuta var. cornuta"}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "382", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used as the heavy part of the frame for snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"}
{"id": 14689, "species": {"value": 1603, "label": "Fagus grandifolia Ehrh."}, "tribe": {"value": 141, "label": "Micmac"}, "source": {"value": 182, "label": "sd51"}, "pageno": "258", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Used to make snowshoe frames.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"}
{"id": 15180, "species": {"value": 1655, "label": "Fraxinus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 1, "label": "Abnaki"}, "source": {"value": 84, "label": "r47"}, "pageno": "172", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 172"}
{"id": 15181, "species": {"value": 1655, "label": "Fraxinus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 1, "label": "Abnaki"}, "source": {"value": 84, "label": "r47"}, "pageno": "160", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make the frames of snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 160"}
{"id": 15206, "species": {"value": 1655, "label": "Fraxinus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 134, "label": "Malecite"}, "source": {"value": 78, "label": "sd52"}, "pageno": "6", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"}
{"id": 15214, "species": {"value": 1655, "label": "Fraxinus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 8, "label": "r28"}, "pageno": "245", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 245"}
{"id": 15292, "species": {"value": 1660, "label": "Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 20, "label": "smith32"}, "pageno": "420", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "All ash wood quite valuable and used for snowshoe frames and sleds.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 420"}
{"id": 15320, "species": {"value": 1661, "label": "Fraxinus sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 4, "label": "d28"}, "pageno": "377", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Used to make snowshoe frames and sleds.", "rawsource": "Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377"}
{"id": 19495, "species": {"value": 2099, "label": "Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "41", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make toboggans.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 41"}
{"id": 20404, "species": {"value": 2205, "label": "Linum lewisii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 115, "label": "Klamath"}, "source": {"value": 66, "label": "c97"}, "pageno": "99", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Stem made into strings and cords used to make mesh on snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 99"}
{"id": 20409, "species": {"value": 2205, "label": "Linum lewisii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Bark fibers used as the mesh for snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"}
{"id": 25216, "species": {"value": 2713, "label": "Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "56", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make sled runners.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56"}
{"id": 26387, "species": {"value": 2875, "label": "Philadelphus lewisii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "108", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"}
{"id": 26398, "species": {"value": 2875, "label": "Philadelphus lewisii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "63", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used for fish spears and snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 63"}
{"id": 26891, "species": {"value": 2934, "label": "Picea glauca (Moench) Voss"}, "tribe": {"value": 8, "label": "Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule"}, "source": {"value": 113, "label": "ray45"}, "pageno": "129", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Roots used to sew snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 129"}
{"id": 26955, "species": {"value": 2934, "label": "Picea glauca (Moench) Voss"}, "tribe": {"value": 118, "label": "Koyukon"}, "source": {"value": 158, "label": "n83"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood split or ripsawed and used to make sleds.", "rawsource": "Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"}
{"id": 27023, "species": {"value": 2934, "label": "Picea glauca (Moench) Voss"}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "2", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Boughs used as temporary snowshoes by securing with line.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 2"}
{"id": 27051, "species": {"value": 2935, "label": "Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P."}, "tribe": {"value": 8, "label": "Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule"}, "source": {"value": 113, "label": "ray45"}, "pageno": "129", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Roots used to sew snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 129"}
{"id": 27053, "species": {"value": 2935, "label": "Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P."}, "tribe": {"value": 27, "label": "Carrier"}, "source": {"value": 134, "label": "c73"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Young wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 69"}
{"id": 27102, "species": {"value": 2935, "label": "Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P."}, "tribe": {"value": 118, "label": "Koyukon"}, "source": {"value": 158, "label": "n83"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood split or ripsawed and used to make sleds.", "rawsource": "Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"}
{"id": 27991, "species": {"value": 2968, "label": "Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood slabs tied together with yucca fiber used as snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 13"}
{"id": 31219, "species": {"value": 3199, "label": "Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "107", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood from young trees used to make snowshoe frames.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 107"}
{"id": 36205, "species": {"value": 3551, "label": "Salix sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 115, "label": "Klamath"}, "source": {"value": 66, "label": "c97"}, "pageno": "94", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make frames for snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 94"}
{"id": 36217, "species": {"value": 3551, "label": "Salix sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "67", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"}
{"id": 36298, "species": {"value": 3551, "label": "Salix sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "7", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Stems and spruce bark used to make a temporary sled for transporting meat across ice.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 7"}
{"id": 38550, "species": {"value": 3758, "label": "Sorbus americana Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 8, "label": "r28"}, "pageno": "236", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoe frames.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 236"}
{"id": 39562, "species": {"value": 3902, "label": "Taxus brevifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "500", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Twigs used to make snowshoe frames.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 500"}
{"id": 39858, "species": {"value": 3950, "label": "Thuja occidentalis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "123", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make toboggans.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 123"}
{"id": 40362, "species": {"value": 3959, "label": "Tilia americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "76", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Basswood fiber used for nets for snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 76"}
{"id": 41535, "species": {"value": 4052, "label": "Ulmus rubra Muhl."}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Boiled bark used to make nets for snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 77"}
{"id": 41889, "species": {"value": 4060, "label": "Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea (Nutt.) Thorne"}, "tribe": {"value": 115, "label": "Klamath"}, "source": {"value": 66, "label": "c97"}, "pageno": "94", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Stems used for mesh on snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 94"}
{"id": 43899, "species": {"value": 4225, "label": "Yucca baccata Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "21", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Fiber used to tie snowshoes to the feet.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 21"}