{"id": 44540, "species": {"value": 4244, "label": "Zea mays L."}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 6, "label": "s15"}, "pageno": "99", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Ribboned husks made into small, square pads and used by young people in games. Small plumes were attached to the small, square pads upright, in the center, forming the shuttlecocks for use in the game of battledore and shuttlecock.", "rawsource": "Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 99"}
{"id": 44527, "species": {"value": 4244, "label": "Zea mays L."}, "tribe": {"value": 257, "label": "Tewa"}, "source": {"value": 61, "label": "rhf16"}, "pageno": "78", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Cobs used to make feathered darts and to stuff kick balls.", "rawsource": "Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 78"}
{"id": 44367, "species": {"value": 4244, "label": "Zea mays L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "30", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Shucks used to make dolls.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"}
{"id": 44260, "species": {"value": 4236, "label": "Yucca sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Leaves made into a ball and used to play 'shooting the yucca.' 'Shooting the yucca' was a Navajo game played with a ball made of bark and wound with yucca leaves which had been previously placed in hot ashes to make them flexible.  A stick of scrub oak was attached to this by a yucca cord, to give momentum to the light ball.  The ball was thrown into the air and the archers discharged their arrows at it as soon as it was drawn downward by the weight of the stick.", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"}
{"id": 44259, "species": {"value": 4236, "label": "Yucca sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fiber used to make a ring for a game similar to 'ring toss.'", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"}
{"id": 44142, "species": {"value": 4230, "label": "Yucca glauca Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Used to make the 102 counting sticks for the moccasin game.", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"}
{"id": 44071, "species": {"value": 4230, "label": "Yucca glauca Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "147", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Leaves used as counters in various games.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 147"}
{"id": 44039, "species": {"value": 4228, "label": "Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Used to make the 102 counting sticks for the moccasin game.", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"}
{"id": 43819, "species": {"value": 4225, "label": "Yucca baccata Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "212", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Ring of leaves wrapped in buckskin used in the hoop and pole game.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 212"}
{"id": 43755, "species": {"value": 4224, "label": "Yucca angustissima Engelm. ex Trel."}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "213", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Leaves used as tally sticks to keep track of scores in the hidden ball game.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 213"}
{"id": 43558, "species": {"value": 4190, "label": "Washingtonia filifera (L. Linden) H. Wendl."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "145", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Leaves used to make children's play hoops.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 145"}
{"id": 43370, "species": {"value": 4171, "label": "Vitis arizonica Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "231", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Vines used to make the hoop of the hoop and pole game.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 231"}
{"id": 43321, "species": {"value": 4166, "label": "Viola sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "103", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Violets used by children in playing games. The children separated into two teams, one team taking the name of their tribe and the other of another tribe such as the Dakota.  Each team collected violets and the two parties sat down facing each other and snapped violets at each other until there were none remaining.  The victorious team taunted the other as being poor fighters.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 103"}
{"id": 43303, "species": {"value": 4164, "label": "Viola sempervirens Greene"}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "386", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Flowers used by children during play.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"}
{"id": 43138, "species": {"value": 4134, "label": "Viburnum opulus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 280, "label": "Winnebago"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stalks, without the pith, used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115"}
{"id": 43135, "species": {"value": 4134, "label": "Viburnum opulus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stalks without the pith used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115"}
{"id": 43133, "species": {"value": 4134, "label": "Viburnum opulus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stalks without the pith used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115"}
{"id": 43132, "species": {"value": 4134, "label": "Viburnum opulus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stalks without the pith used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115"}
{"id": 43124, "species": {"value": 4134, "label": "Viburnum opulus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stalks without the pith used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115"}
{"id": 41866, "species": {"value": 4059, "label": "Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland."}, "tribe": {"value": 280, "label": "Winnebago"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant fiber used by little boys as wadding for popguns.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77"}
{"id": 41826, "species": {"value": 4059, "label": "Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland."}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant fiber used by little boys as wadding for popguns.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77"}
{"id": 41819, "species": {"value": 4059, "label": "Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland."}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant fiber used by little boys as wadding for popguns.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77"}
{"id": 41803, "species": {"value": 4059, "label": "Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland."}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant fiber used by little boys as wadding for popguns.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77"}
{"id": 41769, "species": {"value": 4059, "label": "Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant fiber used by little boys as wadding for popguns.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77"}
{"id": 41631, "species": {"value": 4056, "label": "Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "383", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Leaves thrown into the fire by children to hear them crack like firecrackers.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"}
{"id": 41596, "species": {"value": 4052, "label": "Ulmus rubra Muhl."}, "tribe": {"value": 280, "label": "Winnebago"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41582, "species": {"value": 4052, "label": "Ulmus rubra Muhl."}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41574, "species": {"value": 4052, "label": "Ulmus rubra Muhl."}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41566, "species": {"value": 4052, "label": "Ulmus rubra Muhl."}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41514, "species": {"value": 4052, "label": "Ulmus rubra Muhl."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41486, "species": {"value": 4051, "label": "Ulmus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 280, "label": "Winnebago"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41483, "species": {"value": 4051, "label": "Ulmus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41475, "species": {"value": 4051, "label": "Ulmus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41469, "species": {"value": 4051, "label": "Ulmus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41437, "species": {"value": 4051, "label": "Ulmus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Fibrous inner bark used for popgun wads.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 116"}
{"id": 41422, "species": {"value": 4050, "label": "Typha sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 97, "label": "Hualapai"}, "source": {"value": 127, "label": "w82"}, "pageno": "18", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Used to make the hoop for a game.", "rawsource": "Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 18"}
{"id": 41130, "species": {"value": 4048, "label": "Typha domingensis Pers."}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "208", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stalk used to make toy arrows.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 208"}
{"id": 41060, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 181, "label": "Oweekeno"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Boughs used to make play houses.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 71"}
{"id": 39700, "species": {"value": 3921, "label": "Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Av\u201a-Lall."}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Hollow stems used by small boys to make toy flutes.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 80"}
{"id": 39698, "species": {"value": 3921, "label": "Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Av\u201a-Lall."}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Hollow stems used by small boys to make toy flutes.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 80"}
{"id": 39696, "species": {"value": 3921, "label": "Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Av\u201a-Lall."}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Hollow stems used by small boys to make toy flutes.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 80"}
{"id": 39691, "species": {"value": 3921, "label": "Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Av\u201a-Lall."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Hollow stems used by small boys to make toy flutes.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 80"}
{"id": 39549, "species": {"value": 3902, "label": "Taxus brevifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "72", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Wood used to make gambling disks.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 72"}
{"id": 39537, "species": {"value": 3902, "label": "Taxus brevifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 209, "label": "Quileute"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Wood used to make game disks.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 57"}
{"id": 39479, "species": {"value": 3902, "label": "Taxus brevifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 94, "label": "Hoh"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Wood used to make game disks.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 57"}
{"id": 39431, "species": {"value": 3899, "label": "Taxodium ascendens Brongn."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "471", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant used to make ball poles, spoon ballsticks and dolls.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 471"}
{"id": 39346, "species": {"value": 3894, "label": "Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers"}, "tribe": {"value": 92, "label": "Hesquiat"}, "source": {"value": 41, "label": "te82"}, "pageno": "62", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Hollow stems made into whistles.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62"}
{"id": 39135, "species": {"value": 3854, "label": "Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 125, "label": "Lakota"}, "source": {"value": 108, "label": "r80"}, "pageno": "43", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stems made into arrows used to shoot at dogs in play.", "rawsource": "Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 43"}
{"id": 39081, "species": {"value": 3849, "label": "Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake"}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 98, "label": "m53"}, "pageno": "112", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Sticks marked and used in a dice game.", "rawsource": "Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 112"}
{"id": 39068, "species": {"value": 3849, "label": "Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake"}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "102", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Berries rubbed on the face during a game called 'lehal.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102"}
{"id": 38961, "species": {"value": 3839, "label": "Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 92, "label": "Hesquiat"}, "source": {"value": 41, "label": "te82"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Children play with the berries.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"}
{"id": 38595, "species": {"value": 3766, "label": "Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stems and leaves used by children to make grass whistles.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 16"}
{"id": 38594, "species": {"value": 3766, "label": "Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stems and leaves used by children to make grass whistles.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 16"}
{"id": 38403, "species": {"value": 3734, "label": "Solidago canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Clustered flower heads used by children as play whips.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"}
{"id": 38233, "species": {"value": 3713, "label": "Smilax rotundifolia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "18", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant used in an old hide and seek game.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 18"}
{"id": 38138, "species": {"value": 3703, "label": "Sium suave Walt."}, "tribe": {"value": 125, "label": "Lakota"}, "source": {"value": 108, "label": "r80"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stems used by children for whistles.", "rawsource": "Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 33"}
{"id": 37758, "species": {"value": 3655, "label": "Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small"}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "504", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant used to make dolls.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 504"}
{"id": 37740, "species": {"value": 3654, "label": "Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb. ex D. Don) Endl."}, "tribe": {"value": 202, "label": "Pomo, Kashaya"}, "source": {"value": 40, "label": "gl80"}, "pageno": "97", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Pieces of bark used by young girls to play dolls.", "rawsource": "Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 97"}
{"id": 37542, "species": {"value": 3614, "label": "Scirpus sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "211", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant braided by children to make a whip.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 211"}
{"id": 37482, "species": {"value": 3609, "label": "Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla"}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 4, "label": "d28"}, "pageno": "378", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Used for toys.", "rawsource": "Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378"}
{"id": 37367, "species": {"value": 3603, "label": "Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus"}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 91, "label": "g13i"}, "pageno": "359", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Long stems made into a ball and used as an instrument in children's games. The long stems were made into a ball by bending over the base of several together and the remaining length braided together to form a swinging handle.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 359"}
{"id": 37179, "species": {"value": 3588, "label": "Sarracenia purpurea L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 4, "label": "d28"}, "pageno": "378", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Used for toys.", "rawsource": "Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378"}
{"id": 37163, "species": {"value": 3586, "label": "Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "44", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Wood used to make dice.", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"}
{"id": 37152, "species": {"value": 3586, "label": "Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 102, "label": "Jemez"}, "source": {"value": 28, "label": "c30"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant part kicked to see who kicked it the farthest, in racing games.", "rawsource": "Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27"}
{"id": 37119, "species": {"value": 3584, "label": "Sapindus saponaria var. drummondii (Hook. & Arn.) L. Benson"}, "tribe": {"value": 48, "label": "Comanche"}, "source": {"value": 147, "label": "cj40"}, "pageno": "524", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stems used to make arrows for aratsi game.", "rawsource": "Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 524"}
{"id": 36895, "species": {"value": 3569, "label": "Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa"}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "100", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Used to make children's whistles and 'pea shooters.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 100"}
{"id": 36832, "species": {"value": 3567, "label": "Sambucus racemosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stems hollowed out and used as blowguns by children.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"}
{"id": 36802, "species": {"value": 3567, "label": "Sambucus racemosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 122, "label": "Kwakiutl, Southern"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "261", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stems hollowed and used as blowguns by children.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 261"}
{"id": 36769, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "505", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant used to make toy blowguns.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 505"}
{"id": 36759, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Larger stems used by small boys to make popguns.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115"}
{"id": 36748, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Larger stems used by small boys to make popguns.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115"}
{"id": 36743, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Larger stems used by small boys to make popguns.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115"}
{"id": 36730, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "268", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Branch joints used as water squirt guns for playing or pop guns for shooting pith corks.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 268"}
{"id": 36722, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "74", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stems, after punching out the pith, used by children to make pop guns.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 74"}
{"id": 36684, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 65, "label": "Diegueno"}, "source": {"value": 85, "label": "hedges86"}, "pageno": "41", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Berries crushed by children when playing 'soda pop.'", "rawsource": "Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man  Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 41"}
{"id": 36669, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Larger stems used by small boys to make popguns.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115"}
{"id": 36643, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "138", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Twigs used in making whistles.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138"}
{"id": 36618, "species": {"value": 3565, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 286, "label": "Yokut"}, "source": {"value": 109, "label": "m66"}, "pageno": "436", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Split branches used for making bows for small children.", "rawsource": "Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 436"}
{"id": 36617, "species": {"value": 3565, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 286, "label": "Yokut"}, "source": {"value": 109, "label": "m66"}, "pageno": "436", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Hollow wood used for pop guns.", "rawsource": "Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 436"}
{"id": 36579, "species": {"value": 3565, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 202, "label": "Pomo, Kashaya"}, "source": {"value": 40, "label": "gl80"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Branches used to make whistles and clappers.", "rawsource": "Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 42"}
{"id": 36550, "species": {"value": 3565, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "388", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Pithless wood used to make 'squirt guns' and whistles.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 388"}
{"id": 36224, "species": {"value": 3551, "label": "Salix sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "67", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Wood used to make gambling wheels.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"}
{"id": 36136, "species": {"value": 3551, "label": "Salix sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "122", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Branch with loosened bark used as a buzzing whistle.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 122"}
{"id": 36114, "species": {"value": 3551, "label": "Salix sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 1, "label": "Abnaki"}, "source": {"value": 84, "label": "r47"}, "pageno": "166", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Used to make baskets and whistles.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 166"}
{"id": 36084, "species": {"value": 3550, "label": "Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 86, "label": "Haisla"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "288", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Whips used to lash opponents in the 'hoop and pole game.'", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288"}
{"id": 36051, "species": {"value": 3547, "label": "Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 86, "label": "Haisla"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "288", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Whips used to lash opponents in the 'hoop and pole game.' In the Haisla 'hoop and pole game,' players attempted to spear a rolling hoop.  If a player succeeded in spearing the hoop, he was lashed by his opponent with a willow whip.  If, however, the spearman retrieved his spear, the hoop and the whip, his team would get the next throw of the hoop.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 288"}
{"id": 35975, "species": {"value": 3539, "label": "Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Branches used to make hobby horses for children.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22"}
{"id": 35926, "species": {"value": 3535, "label": "Salix irrorata Anderss."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "160", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Wood used to make the poles and hoops for the pole game.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160"}
{"id": 35925, "species": {"value": 3535, "label": "Salix irrorata Anderss."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "160", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Split withes used to make the three dice and throwing sticks for the setdilth game.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160"}
{"id": 35908, "species": {"value": 3534, "label": "Salix interior Rowlee"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Branches used to make whistles.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58"}
{"id": 35805, "species": {"value": 3527, "label": "Salix exigua Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 106, "label": "Kawaiisu"}, "source": {"value": 60, "label": "z81"}, "pageno": "61", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Split stems used to make clappers and whistles.", "rawsource": "Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 61"}
{"id": 35774, "species": {"value": 3525, "label": "Salix discolor Muhl."}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Branches used to make whistles.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58"}
{"id": 35752, "species": {"value": 3523, "label": "Salix caroliniana Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "492", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant used to make ballsticks.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 492"}
{"id": 35700, "species": {"value": 3521, "label": "Salix bonplandiana Kunth"}, "tribe": {"value": 106, "label": "Kawaiisu"}, "source": {"value": 60, "label": "z81"}, "pageno": "61", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Split stems used to make clappers and whistles.", "rawsource": "Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 61"}
{"id": 35670, "species": {"value": 3520, "label": "Salix bebbiana Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Branches used to make whistles.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58"}
{"id": 35579, "species": {"value": 3510, "label": "Sagittaria latifolia Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 44, "label": "Cocopa"}, "source": {"value": 125, "label": "cb51"}, "pageno": "207", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Tubers used in gambling games.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 207"}
{"id": 35547, "species": {"value": 3503, "label": "Sabal palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes"}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "506", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Plant used to make ballsticks.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 506"}
{"id": 35001, "species": {"value": 3470, "label": "Rubus spectabilis Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "124", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Stems used to make children's practice bows.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"}
{"id": 34030, "species": {"value": 3426, "label": "Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "38", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Hips used as beads by children.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"}
{"id": 34011, "species": {"value": 3426, "label": "Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 176, "label": "Okanagon"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "38", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Hips used as beads by children.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"}