{"id": 35, "species": {"value": 2, "label": "Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill."}, "tribe": {"value": 7, "label": "Algonquin, Quebec"}, "source": {"value": 67, "label": "b80"}, "pageno": "124", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes.", "rawsource": "Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"}
{"id": 66, "species": {"value": 2, "label": "Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "269", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Steam from decoction of branches used as a bath for parturition.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"}
{"id": 132, "species": {"value": 4, "label": "Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Used for 'falling of the womb,' the 'whites' and weak backs in females.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"}
{"id": 456, "species": {"value": 23, "label": "Acer glabrum Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "146", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of sticks and saskatoon sticks taken to heal women's insides and stimulate lactation. The decoction was made either with two sticks each of saskatoon and rocky mountain maple, or, for a stronger medicine, four sticks each and used after childbirth to heal women's insides and to stimulate the flow of milk for nursing.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 146"}
{"id": 611, "species": {"value": 32, "label": "Acer rubrum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "44", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'female trouble' and cramps.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"}
{"id": 639, "species": {"value": 34, "label": "Acer saccharinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "44", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'female trouble' and cramps.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"}
{"id": 746, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves taken to expel the afterbirth.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60"}
{"id": 747, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves taken when labor pains started and to ease the delivery.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60"}
{"id": 761, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "62", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Used for flooding.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"}
{"id": 784, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 41, "label": "Clallam"}, "source": {"value": 99, "label": "f80"}, "pageno": "199", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves used during childbirth.", "rawsource": "Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 199"}
{"id": 846, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 114, "label": "Klallam"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves taken during childbirth.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"}
{"id": 855, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 121, "label": "Kwakiutl"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "278", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Poultice of leaves applied to chest for hardened breasts after childbirth.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"}
{"id": 867, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves taken to heal the uterus after birth.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"}
{"id": 868, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 3, "label": "g83"}, "pageno": "322", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Plant taken at the start of labor 'to hurry the baby.'", "rawsource": "Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 322"}
{"id": 869, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 3, "label": "g83"}, "pageno": "322", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Plant taken by an expectant mother close to the time of birth for an easy delivery.", "rawsource": "Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 322"}
{"id": 870, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Raw leaves chewed by women to produce sweating at childbirth.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"}
{"id": 1055, "species": {"value": 42, "label": "Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "31-33", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken as a blood tonic after childbirth.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"}
{"id": 1175, "species": {"value": 55, "label": "Acorus calamus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 7, "label": "Algonquin, Quebec"}, "source": {"value": 67, "label": "b80"}, "pageno": "135", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of ground roots taken after childbirth and for symptoms of menopause.", "rawsource": "Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 135"}
{"id": 1401, "species": {"value": 57, "label": "Acourtia wrightii (Gray) Reveal & King"}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Plant used for difficult labor, a postpartum medicine.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 49"}
{"id": 1415, "species": {"value": 59, "label": "Actaea pachypoda Ell."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "237238", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of root taken for childbirth pain.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 237238"}
{"id": 1439, "species": {"value": 60, "label": "Actaea racemosa var. racemosa"}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "320", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of roots taken to 'promote the flow of milk in women.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 320"}
{"id": 1452, "species": {"value": 61, "label": "Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "8", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of root pieces used by women after childbirth for increased milk flow.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 8"}
{"id": 1453, "species": {"value": 61, "label": "Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of stems taken by pregnant and nursing mothers to increase milk flow.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 22"}
{"id": 1454, "species": {"value": 61, "label": "Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 4, "label": "d28"}, "pageno": "358", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of root taken for excessive flowing.", "rawsource": "Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"}
{"id": 1456, "species": {"value": 61, "label": "Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "25", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of small piece of root taken to slow heavy menstrual flow.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 25"}
{"id": 1459, "species": {"value": 61, "label": "Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 20, "label": "smith32"}, "pageno": "382", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of root taken after childbirth 'to clear up the system.'", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 382"}
{"id": 1462, "species": {"value": 61, "label": "Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "74", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of root given 'to purge the patient of afterbirth.'", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 74"}
{"id": 1469, "species": {"value": 62, "label": "Actaea rubra ssp. arguta (Nutt.) Hult\u201an"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "174", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of dried, pounded roots & stems taken after childbirth to make first milk pass off quickly.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 174"}
{"id": 1470, "species": {"value": 62, "label": "Actaea rubra ssp. arguta (Nutt.) Hult\u201an"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 13, "label": "g05"}, "pageno": "41", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Simple or compound decoction of plant taken to increase maternal milk flow.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 41"}
{"id": 1545, "species": {"value": 70, "label": "Adiantum jordanii C. Muell."}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "4", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant used to expel the afterbirth and for postparturition.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 4"}
{"id": 1571, "species": {"value": 71, "label": "Adiantum pedatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "258", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound decoction or infusion of roots taken for excessive menstruation.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 258"}
{"id": 1572, "species": {"value": 71, "label": "Adiantum pedatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "258", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots used by 'ladies to get period, cleans out' or for abortions.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 258"}
{"id": 1573, "species": {"value": 71, "label": "Adiantum pedatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "258", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Plant used for abortal pains and pain when about to deliver.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 258"}
{"id": 1589, "species": {"value": 71, "label": "Adiantum pedatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "47", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Blades, stem and root used for 'female maladies.'", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 47"}
{"id": 1594, "species": {"value": 71, "label": "Adiantum pedatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "73", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of root taken by nursing mothers for caked breast.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 73"}
{"id": 1648, "species": {"value": 78, "label": "Aesculus pavia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Cold, compound infusion given to stop bleeding after delivery.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"}
{"id": 1649, "species": {"value": 78, "label": "Aesculus pavia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark and cold compound infusion of bark used in delivery.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"}
{"id": 1881, "species": {"value": 98, "label": "Ageratina altissima var. altissima"}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "459", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction or infusion of roots taken for a fallen or inflamed womb.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 459"}
{"id": 1922, "species": {"value": 109, "label": "Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of burs taken to 'check discharge.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 22"}
{"id": 1939, "species": {"value": 110, "label": "Agrimonia parviflora Ait."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of burs taken to 'check discharge.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 22"}
{"id": 1977, "species": {"value": 126, "label": "Aletris farinosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Tonic used to strengthen womb and root prevented abortion.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57"}
{"id": 1986, "species": {"value": 126, "label": "Aletris farinosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 211, "label": "Rappahannock"}, "source": {"value": 102, "label": "shc42"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant given to women and girls for 'female troubles.'", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 34"}
{"id": 2004, "species": {"value": 128, "label": "Alisma plantago-aquatica L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "272", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used for 'womb troubles.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 272"}
{"id": 2333, "species": {"value": 168, "label": "Alnus incana (L.) Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 4, "label": "d28"}, "pageno": "358", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of root with powdered bumblebees taken for difficult labor.", "rawsource": "Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"}
{"id": 2374, "species": {"value": 168, "label": "Alnus incana (L.) Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "43", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark used for 'flushing the vagina.'", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 43"}
{"id": 2394, "species": {"value": 169, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (Du Roi) Clausen"}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 115, "label": "t40"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of roots taken as an emetic and cathartic by women during menses.", "rawsource": "Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 2448, "species": {"value": 170, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung"}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "87", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant tops and leaves taken after childbirth to 'clean out.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"}
{"id": 2471, "species": {"value": 171, "label": "Alnus rhombifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "332", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of dried bark taken to facilitate childbirth.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 332"}
{"id": 2607, "species": {"value": 173, "label": "Alnus serrulata (Ait.) Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Used for childbirth pain and compound infusion taken for menstrual period.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 22"}
{"id": 2657, "species": {"value": 176, "label": "Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill"}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "87", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant tops and leaves taken after childbirth to 'clean out.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"}
{"id": 2756, "species": {"value": 190, "label": "Amaranthus hybridus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Leaves used to 'relieve profuse menstruation.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 23"}
{"id": 2801, "species": {"value": 193, "label": "Amaranthus retroflexus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Leaves used to 'relieve profuse menstruation.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 23"}
{"id": 2837, "species": {"value": 195, "label": "Amaranthus spinosus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Leaves used to 'relieve profuse menstruation.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 23"}
{"id": 2844, "species": {"value": 197, "label": "Ambrosia ambrosioides (Cav.) Payne"}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 11, "label": "c49"}, "pageno": "103", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of crushed roots taken by women for pains and menstrual hemorrhage.", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 103"}
{"id": 2855, "species": {"value": 198, "label": "Ambrosia artemisiifolia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 96, "label": "Houma"}, "source": {"value": 49, "label": "speck41"}, "pageno": "65", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of root taken for menstrual troubles.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 65"}
{"id": 2880, "species": {"value": 201, "label": "Ambrosia psilostachya DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 107, "label": "Keres, Western"}, "source": {"value": 79, "label": "swank32"}, "pageno": "26", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant given to women during difficult labor.", "rawsource": "Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26"}
{"id": 2884, "species": {"value": 202, "label": "Ambrosia tenuifolia Spreng."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 141, "label": "h56"}, "pageno": "151", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Plant used to facilitate delivery of the placenta after childbirth.", "rawsource": "Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"}
{"id": 3023, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 200, "label": "Pomo"}, "source": {"value": 80, "label": "g67"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken for too frequent menstruation.", "rawsource": "Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13"}
{"id": 3034, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "253", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Strong decoction of bark taken by women after childbirth to hasten the dropping of the afterbirth. The decoction was taken immediately after childbirth.  The medicine made from the tall variety of saskatoon was said to clean her out and help heal her insides.  It was also said to stop her menstrual periods after the baby was born and hence act as a form of birth control.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 253"}
{"id": 3035, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "253", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Warm decoction of stems and twigs taken by women or used as a bath after childbirth.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 253"}
{"id": 3036, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "471", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Warm decoction taken and used as a wash after childbirth.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 471"}
{"id": 3099, "species": {"value": 209, "label": "Amelanchier arborea var. arborea"}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 107, "label": "p10"}, "pageno": "96", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Fruits given to mothers after childbirth for afterpains and hemorrhages.", "rawsource": "Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"}
{"id": 3100, "species": {"value": 209, "label": "Amelanchier arborea var. arborea"}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 107, "label": "p10"}, "pageno": "96", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of small branches given to mothers after childbirth for afterpains and hemorrhages.", "rawsource": "Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"}
{"id": 3105, "species": {"value": 210, "label": "Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 4, "label": "d28"}, "pageno": "356", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of bark taken for 'female weakness.'", "rawsource": "Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"}
{"id": 3106, "species": {"value": 210, "label": "Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 4, "label": "d28"}, "pageno": "358", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of root taken to prevent miscarriage after an injury.", "rawsource": "Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"}
{"id": 3110, "species": {"value": 210, "label": "Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 107, "label": "p10"}, "pageno": "96", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Fruits given to mothers after childbirth for afterpains and hemorrhages.", "rawsource": "Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"}
{"id": 3111, "species": {"value": 210, "label": "Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 107, "label": "p10"}, "pageno": "96", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of small branches given to mothers after childbirth for afterpains and hemorrhages.", "rawsource": "Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"}
{"id": 3122, "species": {"value": 211, "label": "Amelanchier laevis Wieg."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 20, "label": "smith32"}, "pageno": "384", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark taken by expectant mothers.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 384"}
{"id": 3131, "species": {"value": 212, "label": "Amelanchier pallida Greene"}, "tribe": {"value": 202, "label": "Pomo, Kashaya"}, "source": {"value": 40, "label": "gl80"}, "pageno": "104", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of boiled roots taken to check too-frequent menstruation.", "rawsource": "Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 104"}
{"id": 3164, "species": {"value": 216, "label": "Amelanchier utahensis Koehne"}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 141, "label": "h56"}, "pageno": "148", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Plant used during labor and delivery.", "rawsource": "Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 148"}
{"id": 3311, "species": {"value": 242, "label": "Andropogon sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 96, "label": "Houma"}, "source": {"value": 49, "label": "speck41"}, "pageno": "65", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken by pregnant women to strengthen both mother and child.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 65"}
{"id": 3317, "species": {"value": 244, "label": "Androsace occidentalis Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "38", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of whole plant used for postpartum hemorrhage.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 38"}
{"id": 3376, "species": {"value": 255, "label": "Anemopsis californica (Nutt.) Hook. & Arn."}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "8", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots used for menstrual cramps.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 8"}
{"id": 3438, "species": {"value": 259, "label": "Angelica atropurpurea L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "401", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken by women for weakness.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 401"}
{"id": 3573, "species": {"value": 267, "label": "Angelica sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 257, "label": "Tewa"}, "source": {"value": 61, "label": "rhf16"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of root not recommended for pregnant women because of astringency.", "rawsource": "Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 71"}
{"id": 3585, "species": {"value": 269, "label": "Angelica tomentosa S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 202, "label": "Pomo, Kashaya"}, "source": {"value": 40, "label": "gl80"}, "pageno": "20", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of root used to regulate menses and ease menstrual cramps and discomforts of menopause.", "rawsource": "Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 20"}
{"id": 3607, "species": {"value": 276, "label": "Antennaria howellii ssp. neodioica (Greene) Bayer"}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 20, "label": "smith32"}, "pageno": "363", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of herb taken after childbirth to purge afterbirth and to heal.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 363"}
{"id": 3614, "species": {"value": 278, "label": "Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Richards."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion taken for excessive discharge in monthly period.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"}
{"id": 3616, "species": {"value": 278, "label": "Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Richards."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "464", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of roots taken for leukorrhea.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 464"}
{"id": 3618, "species": {"value": 278, "label": "Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Richards."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "210", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves taken after childbirth to prevent sickness.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 210"}
{"id": 3662, "species": {"value": 282, "label": "Anthemis cotula L."}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "390", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Plant used by pregnant women.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"}
{"id": 3736, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "28", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant used to increase lactation.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28"}
{"id": 3741, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "415", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of roots taken for evacuation of the placenta.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 415"}
{"id": 3748, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "201", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound containing rind used by a woman with 'an injured womb.'", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 201"}
{"id": 3760, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 20, "label": "smith32"}, "pageno": "354355", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of root taken as a diuretic during pregnancy.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 354355"}
{"id": 3773, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 225, "label": "Sanpoil"}, "source": {"value": 44, "label": "r32"}, "pageno": "219", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of roots taken about once a week as a contraceptive.", "rawsource": "Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem:  Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 219"}
{"id": 3805, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 107, "label": "Keres, Western"}, "source": {"value": 79, "label": "swank32"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Crushed leaves rubbed on mothers' breasts to produce more and richer milk.", "rawsource": "Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27"}
{"id": 3806, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 107, "label": "Keres, Western"}, "source": {"value": 79, "label": "swank32"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used by mothers to produce more and richer milk.", "rawsource": "Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27"}
{"id": 3892, "species": {"value": 300, "label": "Aquilegia canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "30", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Cold infusion used for 'flux.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"}
{"id": 3950, "species": {"value": 304, "label": "Aquilegia micrantha Eastw."}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Plant used to deliver placenta.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 22"}
{"id": 4021, "species": {"value": 318, "label": "Aralia nudicaulis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "29", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of fruiting stalk used to stimulate lactation.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 29"}
{"id": 4091, "species": {"value": 319, "label": "Aralia racemosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion taken for menstrual problems.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57"}
{"id": 4118, "species": {"value": 319, "label": "Aralia racemosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "393", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of roots taken for miscarriage.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 393"}
{"id": 4119, "species": {"value": 319, "label": "Aralia racemosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "392", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark taken for prolapsus of the uterus or fallen womb.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 392"}
{"id": 4142, "species": {"value": 319, "label": "Aralia racemosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "203", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Sprayed from the mouth upon women's heads, when they are giving birth.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 203"}
{"id": 4151, "species": {"value": 319, "label": "Aralia racemosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 141, "label": "Micmac"}, "source": {"value": 35, "label": "cfh79"}, "pageno": "54, 55", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Root used for female pains.", "rawsource": "Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 54, 55"}
{"id": 4254, "species": {"value": 327, "label": "Arctium lappa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Used for 'weakly females.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"}
{"id": 4293, "species": {"value": 328, "label": "Arctium minus Bernh."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "211", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound containing root used by women in labor.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 211"}
{"id": 4323, "species": {"value": 329, "label": "Arctium sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "474", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of plants taken to induce pregnancy.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 474"}
{"id": 4562, "species": {"value": 347, "label": "Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng."}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "29", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 22, "label": "Gynecological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of stems & blueberry stem taken to prevent miscarriage without causing damage to the baby.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 29"}