{"id": 29159, "species": {"value": 3088, "label": "Pontederia cordata L."}, "tribe": {"value": 150, "label": "Montagnais"}, "source": {"value": 103, "label": "s17"}, "pageno": "315", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "'Brew' from plant used for 'illness in general.'", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 315"}
{"id": 35278, "species": {"value": 3485, "label": "Rumex crispus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "312", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "'Good for all illnesses.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 312"}
{"id": 21456, "species": {"value": 2316, "label": "Lycium pallidum Miers"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Bark and dried berries used as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 42"}
{"id": 21468, "species": {"value": 2318, "label": "Lycium torreyi Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Bark and dried berries used as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 42"}
{"id": 11057, "species": {"value": 1102, "label": "Cornus sericea ssp. sericea"}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "404", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Bark smoked for every ailment.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 404"}
{"id": 35785, "species": {"value": 3525, "label": "Salix discolor Muhl."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "81", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Bark used as a universal remedy.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 81"}
{"id": 22244, "species": {"value": 2391, "label": "Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 3, "label": "g83"}, "pageno": "268", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Bark used for any illness and considered a complete medicine, all in itself.", "rawsource": "Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268"}
{"id": 31887, "species": {"value": 3253, "label": "Quercus alba L."}, "tribe": {"value": 63, "label": "Delaware, Oklahoma"}, "source": {"value": 22, "label": "t42"}, "pageno": "25, 78", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Bark used in many medicinal compounds.", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25, 78"}
{"id": 33571, "species": {"value": 3375, "label": "Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir."}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "63", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Berries used for health and strength.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 63"}
{"id": 42714, "species": {"value": 4105, "label": "Veratrum viride Ait."}, "tribe": {"value": 121, "label": "Kwakiutl"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "273", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Braided leaves with the root suspended worn around the neck by sick people.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 273"}
{"id": 18518, "species": {"value": 2054, "label": "Juniperus communis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "4", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Branches burned on top of the wood stove to keep sickness away.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 4"}
{"id": 19570, "species": {"value": 2100, "label": "Larix occidentalis Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "99", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Branches used as a medicine for any type of illness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 99"}
{"id": 7708, "species": {"value": 669, "label": "Calochortus aureus S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "20", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Bulb used as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 20"}
{"id": 7725, "species": {"value": 673, "label": "Calochortus gunnisonii S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "20", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Bulb used as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 20"}
{"id": 40691, "species": {"value": 4019, "label": "Trillium erectum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 1, "label": "Abnaki"}, "source": {"value": 84, "label": "r47"}, "pageno": "174", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Bulbs ground and given to sick children with unidentified illnesses.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 174"}
{"id": 41637, "species": {"value": 4056, "label": "Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "349", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Burning leaf vapor used for many diseases.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 349"}
{"id": 21243, "species": {"value": 2271, "label": "Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult."}, "tribe": {"value": 62, "label": "Delaware"}, "source": {"value": 97, "label": "t72"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Carried in small beaded bags and worn around the neck to protect against illness.", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 39"}
{"id": 1206, "species": {"value": 55, "label": "Acorus calamus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 13, "label": "g05"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Chewed root rubbed on skin for any illness.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 42"}
{"id": 21057, "species": {"value": 2254, "label": "Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "83", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Chewed roots blown onto affected part by the diviner. The healing qualities of the spray were believed to penetrate the body at that place.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 83"}
{"id": 25997, "species": {"value": 2831, "label": "Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias"}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "83", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Chewed roots sprayed onto affected part by the diviner. A diviner, like Dog Child, would find the root mysteriously during the rituals.  While he sang, often with a drum, he would dig the ground with a special bear claw, coming up with the root every time and anywhere.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 83"}
{"id": 3668, "species": {"value": 282, "label": "Anthemis cotula L."}, "tribe": {"value": 149, "label": "Mohegan"}, "source": {"value": 97, "label": "t72"}, "pageno": "70", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of leaves thought to 'benefit the entire body.'", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 70"}
{"id": 9965, "species": {"value": 961, "label": "Cirsium neomexicanum Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of plant taken when one 'feels bad all over.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 50"}
{"id": 10021, "species": {"value": 973, "label": "Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of plant taken when one 'feels bad all over.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 50"}
{"id": 19347, "species": {"value": 2080, "label": "Krascheninnikovia lanata (Pursh) A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "25", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of plant used as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 25"}
{"id": 29847, "species": {"value": 3129, "label": "Potentilla hippiana var. hippiana"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of root taken as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31"}
{"id": 11528, "species": {"value": 1147, "label": "Cryptantha cinerea var. cinerea"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of root used as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 40"}
{"id": 17572, "species": {"value": 1943, "label": "Hymenopappus filifolius var. cinereus (Rydb.) I.M. Johnston"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "52", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of root used as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52"}
{"id": 13945, "species": {"value": 1494, "label": "Eriogonum alatum Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of root used as an important 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 23"}
{"id": 21673, "species": {"value": 2337, "label": "Lysichiton americanus Hult\u201an & St. John"}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of roots taken for any sickness.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 53"}
{"id": 29826, "species": {"value": 3126, "label": "Potentilla crinita Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of whole plant taken as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31"}
{"id": 16672, "species": {"value": 1832, "label": "Helianthus petiolaris Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "52", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of whole plant used as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52"}
{"id": 7444, "species": {"value": 608, "label": "Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "15, 16", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Cold, compound infusion of root used internally and externally as 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 15, 16"}
{"id": 17038, "species": {"value": 1865, "label": "Heuchera americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "246", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound containing root used as a 'healer.'", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 246"}
{"id": 12940, "species": {"value": 1369, "label": "Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "220", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound containing root used as a universal remedy for all sicknesses.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 220"}
{"id": 23628, "species": {"value": 2571, "label": "Nemopanthus mucronatus (L.) Loes."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound decoction boiled down to syrup and used for many kinds of diseases.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 39"}
{"id": 16433, "species": {"value": 1799, "label": "Hamamelis virginiana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "347", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of roots taken as a panacea.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 347"}
{"id": 20361, "species": {"value": 2198, "label": "Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume"}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "335", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of roots taken as a panacea.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 335"}
{"id": 36999, "species": {"value": 3572, "label": "Sanguinaria canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "337", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of roots taken as a panacea.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 337"}
{"id": 43318, "species": {"value": 4166, "label": "Viola sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "386", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of roots taken as a panacea.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 386"}
{"id": 25374, "species": {"value": 2733, "label": "Panax quinquefolius L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "395", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of roots taken or dried roots smoked as a panacea.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 395"}
{"id": 43671, "species": {"value": 4211, "label": "Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 211, "label": "Rappahannock"}, "source": {"value": 102, "label": "shc42"}, "pageno": "30", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound decoction used for complaint.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30"}
{"id": 9292, "species": {"value": 882, "label": "Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium"}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "389", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of twigs and roots taken as a panacea for pain.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 389"}
{"id": 40350, "species": {"value": 3959, "label": "Tilia americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "384", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of twigs and roots taken as a panacea.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 384"}
{"id": 8007, "species": {"value": 729, "label": "Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "339", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound infusion taken or placed on injured part, a 'Little Water Medicine.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 339"}
{"id": 15888, "species": {"value": 1733, "label": "Geum canadense Jacq."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "353", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound infusion taken or placed on injured part, a 'Little Water Medicine.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 353"}
{"id": 22530, "species": {"value": 2426, "label": "Medeola virginiana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "285", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound infusion taken or placed on injured part, a 'Little Water Medicine.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 285"}
{"id": 28555, "species": {"value": 3014, "label": "Platanthera psycodes (L.) Lindl."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "290", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound infusion taken or placed on injured part, a 'Little Water Medicine.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 290"}
{"id": 37344, "species": {"value": 3595, "label": "Saxifraga pensylvanica L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "344", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound infusion taken or placed on injured part, a 'Little Water Medicine.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 344"}
{"id": 11925, "species": {"value": 1205, "label": "Cypripedium acaule Ait."}, "tribe": {"value": 211, "label": "Rappahannock"}, "source": {"value": 102, "label": "shc42"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound of dried roots and whiskey taken for general ailments.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 32"}
{"id": 39919, "species": {"value": 3950, "label": "Thuja occidentalis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 192, "label": "Penobscot"}, "source": {"value": 103, "label": "s17"}, "pageno": "311", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound poultice of bark applied 'for all kinds of trouble.'", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311"}
{"id": 19262, "species": {"value": 2070, "label": "Kalmia angustifolia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 192, "label": "Penobscot"}, "source": {"value": 103, "label": "s17"}, "pageno": "311", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound poultice of plant applied 'for all kinds of trouble.'", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311"}
{"id": 21000, "species": {"value": 2246, "label": "Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 121, "label": "Kwakiutl"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "276", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Compound with seeds used in a steambath for general sickness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 276"}
{"id": 39561, "species": {"value": 3902, "label": "Taxus brevifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "111", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark taken for any illness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 111"}
{"id": 189, "species": {"value": 5, "label": "Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl."}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis and other sickness.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50"}
{"id": 26990, "species": {"value": 2934, "label": "Picea glauca (Moench) Voss"}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "51", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis and other sickness.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 51"}
{"id": 37896, "species": {"value": 3658, "label": "Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of berries taken for sickness.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13"}
{"id": 27268, "species": {"value": 2938, "label": "Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "100", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of boughs used for any kind of illness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 100"}
{"id": 8718, "species": {"value": 819, "label": "Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "252", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of branches taken for general illness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 252"}
{"id": 29238, "species": {"value": 3095, "label": "Populus balsamifera L."}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "4", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of buds taken for colds, coughs and other illnesses.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 4"}
{"id": 11105, "species": {"value": 1102, "label": "Cornus sericea ssp. sericea"}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "96", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of inner bark and chokecherry bark or alder bark taken for any kind of sickness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"}
{"id": 24522, "species": {"value": 2640, "label": "Oplopanax horridus Miq."}, "tribe": {"value": 181, "label": "Oweekeno"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "85", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of inner bark from young spring growth taken for any kind of sickness.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 85"}
{"id": 33521, "species": {"value": 3371, "label": "Ribes hudsonianum Richards."}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "11", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves and berries taken for sickness in general.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 11"}
{"id": 22751, "species": {"value": 2443, "label": "Mentha arvensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 225, "label": "Sanpoil"}, "source": {"value": 44, "label": "r32"}, "pageno": "218", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves taken by adults for 'illnesses of a general nature.'", "rawsource": "Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem:  Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 218"}
{"id": 31772, "species": {"value": 3239, "label": "Pyrola asarifolia ssp. asarifolia"}, "tribe": {"value": 150, "label": "Montagnais"}, "source": {"value": 103, "label": "s17"}, "pageno": "314", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves taken for any ailment.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 314"}
{"id": 15893, "species": {"value": 1735, "label": "Geum macrophyllum Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 29, "label": "Carrier, Southern"}, "source": {"value": 9, "label": "s29"}, "pageno": "59", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves taken for any sickness.", "rawsource": "Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 59"}
{"id": 7379, "species": {"value": 592, "label": "Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm."}, "tribe": {"value": 209, "label": "Quileute"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves taken for general ill health.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"}
{"id": 19107, "species": {"value": 2063, "label": "Juniperus sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 97, "label": "Hualapai"}, "source": {"value": 127, "label": "w82"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves taken for various disorders.", "rawsource": "Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 32"}
{"id": 942, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 209, "label": "Quileute"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves used as an aromatic bath for sick infants.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"}
{"id": 26535, "species": {"value": 2896, "label": "Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & M.C. Johnston"}, "tribe": {"value": 96, "label": "Houma"}, "source": {"value": 49, "label": "speck41"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant said to be good for sickness in general, a panacea.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 58"}
{"id": 13674, "species": {"value": 1454, "label": "Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "178", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken for 'all diseases.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 178"}
{"id": 25828, "species": {"value": 2801, "label": "Penstemon barbatus (Cav.) Roth"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "44", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken for internal injuries, a 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44"}
{"id": 15807, "species": {"value": 1726, "label": "Geranium lentum Woot. & Standl."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken for internal injury, a 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 34"}
{"id": 29702, "species": {"value": 3108, "label": "Porphyra abbottae Krishnamurthy"}, "tribe": {"value": 88, "label": "Hanaksiala"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "131", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken or poultice applied for any kind of sickness in the stomach or body.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 131"}
{"id": 13251, "species": {"value": 1412, "label": "Epilobium canum ssp. angustifolium (Keck) Raven"}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant used as a general remedy.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 22"}
{"id": 975, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "166", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant used as a wash for any kind of sickness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"}
{"id": 35465, "species": {"value": 3493, "label": "Rumex salicifolius var. mexicanus (Meisn.) C.L. Hitchc."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 146, "label": "j87"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant used for many complaints.", "rawsource": "Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 34"}
{"id": 31599, "species": {"value": 3225, "label": "Pulsatilla patens ssp. multifida (Pritz.) Zamels"}, "tribe": {"value": 29, "label": "Carrier, Southern"}, "source": {"value": 9, "label": "s29"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant, without roots, taken for any sickness.", "rawsource": "Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 57"}
{"id": 5008, "species": {"value": 388, "label": "Artemisia campestris L."}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plants taken as a medicine for everything.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 58"}
{"id": 21254, "species": {"value": 2271, "label": "Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "43", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plants taken as a panacea.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 43"}
{"id": 40724, "species": {"value": 4023, "label": "Trillium sessile L."}, "tribe": {"value": 273, "label": "Wailaki"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "329", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plants taken for any kind of sickness.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 329"}
{"id": 40727, "species": {"value": 4023, "label": "Trillium sessile L."}, "tribe": {"value": 287, "label": "Yuki"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "329", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of plants taken for any kind of sickness.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 329"}
{"id": 39607, "species": {"value": 3907, "label": "Tellima grandiflora (Pursh) Dougl. ex Lindl."}, "tribe": {"value": 241, "label": "Skagit"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of pounded plants taken for any kind of sickness.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"}
{"id": 24266, "species": {"value": 2613, "label": "Oenothera albicaulis Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of root taken and used as a lotion for muscle strain, a 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37"}
{"id": 37066, "species": {"value": 3574, "label": "Sanicula bipinnatifida Dougl. ex Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 144, "label": "Miwok"}, "source": {"value": 100, "label": "bg33"}, "pageno": "172", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of root taken as a cure all.", "rawsource": "Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 172"}
{"id": 16548, "species": {"value": 1818, "label": "Helianthella parryi Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "51", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of root used as 'life medicine,' especially for arrow or bullet wounds.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 51"}
{"id": 14799, "species": {"value": 1625, "label": "Forestiera acuminata (Michx.) Poir."}, "tribe": {"value": 96, "label": "Houma"}, "source": {"value": 49, "label": "speck41"}, "pageno": "63", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots and bark taken as a 'health beverage.'", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 63"}
{"id": 21827, "species": {"value": 2370, "label": "Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "383", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken as a good medicine for all kinds of sickness.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"}
{"id": 15176, "species": {"value": 1654, "label": "Frasera speciosa Dougl. ex Griseb."}, "tribe": {"value": 232, "label": "Shoshoni"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "76", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken as a tonic for any general weakness or illness.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 76"}
{"id": 10465, "species": {"value": 1046, "label": "Collinsonia canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "429", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken for any ailment.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 429"}
{"id": 3595, "species": {"value": 269, "label": "Angelica tomentosa S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 282, "label": "Yana"}, "source": {"value": 181, "label": "ss43"}, "pageno": "253", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken for colds, diarrhea, headaches and other ailments.", "rawsource": "Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253"}
{"id": 19737, "species": {"value": 2117, "label": "Lathyrus vestitus Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "19", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots used as a general remedy.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 19"}
{"id": 19868, "species": {"value": 2126, "label": "Ledum palustre L."}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of stems & leaves, blackberry leaves & spruce inner bark taken for sickness in general.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 16"}
{"id": 18508, "species": {"value": 2054, "label": "Juniperus communis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of stems and needles taken for any sickness.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50"}
{"id": 19027, "species": {"value": 2062, "label": "Juniperus scopulorum Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of stems and needles taken for any sickness.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50"}
{"id": 33308, "species": {"value": 3355, "label": "Rhus typhina L."}, "tribe": {"value": 211, "label": "Rappahannock"}, "source": {"value": 102, "label": "shc42"}, "pageno": "30", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of stems, leaves or berries used for complaint.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30"}
{"id": 976, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "166", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of whole plant taken for any sickness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"}
{"id": 14075, "species": {"value": 1516, "label": "Eriogonum leptophyllum (Torr. & Gray) Woot. & Standl."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction of whole plant used as a 'life medicine.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 23"}
{"id": 36419, "species": {"value": 3559, "label": "Salvia dorrii ssp. dorrii var. incana (Benth.) Strachan"}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "110", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction or infusion of leaves used for any illness of a general nature.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"}
{"id": 25089, "species": {"value": 2700, "label": "Osmunda cinnamomea L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "261", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Decoction taken for malaise.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 261"}
{"id": 5800, "species": {"value": 407, "label": "Artemisia tridentata Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "172", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Dried branch smoke used to fumigate the house, to protect the inhabitants against sickness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 172"}