{"id": 44622, "species": {"value": 4253, "label": "Zinnia grandiflora Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 107, "label": "Keres, Western"}, "source": {"value": 79, "label": "swank32"}, "pageno": "38", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used as a bath for excessive sweating.", "rawsource": "Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 38"}
{"id": 44339, "species": {"value": 4241, "label": "Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill."}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "51, 52", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of berries taken for minor maladies.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 51, 52"}
{"id": 43529, "species": {"value": 4185, "label": "Vittaria lineata (L.) Sm."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "272", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Complex infusion of leaves taken for chronic conditions.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 272"}
{"id": 43491, "species": {"value": 4184, "label": "Vitis vulpina L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "383", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Vines chewed for hiccoughs.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 383"}
{"id": 43472, "species": {"value": 4184, "label": "Vitis vulpina L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'bad disease.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"}
{"id": 43428, "species": {"value": 4176, "label": "Vitis labrusca L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'bad disease.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"}
{"id": 43342, "species": {"value": 4169, "label": "Vitis aestivalis Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'bad disease.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"}
{"id": 42875, "species": {"value": 4108, "label": "Verbena hastata L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "422", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of whole plant taken for 'summer complaint.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 422"}
{"id": 42665, "species": {"value": 4105, "label": "Veratrum viride Ait."}, "tribe": {"value": 78, "label": "Gitksan"}, "source": {"value": 165, "label": "ga88"}, "pageno": "26", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Smoke used to assist the spirits of sleepwalkers to return to their bodies.", "rawsource": "Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"}
{"id": 42561, "species": {"value": 4096, "label": "Valeriana sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "349", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Root salve applied to limbs for edema.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 349"}
{"id": 42382, "species": {"value": 4087, "label": "Vaccinium sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "411", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of plants taken for stricture.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 411"}
{"id": 41695, "species": {"value": 4058, "label": "Urtica dioica L."}, "tribe": {"value": 121, "label": "Kwakiutl"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "292", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Moxa of plant fiber used to cauterize the skin for various ailments.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 292"}
{"id": 41451, "species": {"value": 4051, "label": "Ulmus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 59, "label": "r45ii"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark used for ruptures caused by exaggerated efforts.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 40"}
{"id": 41290, "species": {"value": 4049, "label": "Typha latifolia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 20, "label": "smith32"}, "pageno": "390", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Fruit fuzz used as a war medicine.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 390"}
{"id": 40991, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 92, "label": "Hesquiat"}, "source": {"value": 41, "label": "te82"}, "pageno": "44", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction or infusion of bark, from inside of a crevice, taken for phlebitis.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 44"}
{"id": 40958, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 78, "label": "Gitksan"}, "source": {"value": 166, "label": "g92"}, "pageno": "152", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Inner bark used for elimination of hard or sharp swallowed objects.", "rawsource": "Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"}
{"id": 40776, "species": {"value": 4029, "label": "Tripterocalyx carnea var. wootonii (Standl.) L.A. Gal."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "26", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of plant used for injury from falling off a horse.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 26"}
{"id": 40726, "species": {"value": 4023, "label": "Trillium sessile L."}, "tribe": {"value": 287, "label": "Yuki"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "329", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken to prevent deep and lasting sleep.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 329"}
{"id": 40723, "species": {"value": 4023, "label": "Trillium sessile L."}, "tribe": {"value": 273, "label": "Wailaki"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "329", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken to prevent deep and lasting sleep.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 329"}
{"id": 40349, "species": {"value": 3959, "label": "Tilia americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "384", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used for severe injuries.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 384"}
{"id": 40309, "species": {"value": 3957, "label": "Tiarella cordifolia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "345", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of dried roots given to children with 'summer complaint.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 345"}
{"id": 39936, "species": {"value": 3951, "label": "Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don"}, "tribe": {"value": 21, "label": "Bella Coola"}, "source": {"value": 9, "label": "s29"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves used externally for swollen neck.", "rawsource": "Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 49"}
{"id": 39710, "species": {"value": 3922, "label": "Thalictrum dioicum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "327", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used to 'make you crazy.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 327"}
{"id": 39684, "species": {"value": 3918, "label": "Tetraneuris argentea (Gray) Greene"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "47", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Cold infusion taken and used as lotion for emergency treatment of injuries.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 47"}
{"id": 39581, "species": {"value": 3903, "label": "Taxus canadensis Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "122", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used as one of the ingredients of 'the thirty-two medicine.'", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 122"}
{"id": 39296, "species": {"value": 3892, "label": "Tanacetum vulgare L."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "190", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves and blossoms taken for weakness and dizziness.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 190"}
{"id": 39283, "species": {"value": 3887, "label": "Tagetes micrantha Cav."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "89", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plants used for 'summer complaint.'", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"}
{"id": 39217, "species": {"value": 3878, "label": "Symphyotrichum simmondsii (Small) Nesom"}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "303", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used for sunstroke.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 303"}
{"id": 38952, "species": {"value": 3837, "label": "Stillingia sylvatica ssp. sylvatica"}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "247", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken for menstruation sickness: yellow eyes and skin, weakness and shaking head. If a man has sexual intercourse with a woman during her menstrual period, the results were more serious than the other menstruation sickness.  A doctor would never do this, as it would damage the 'medicine' which he has in his body.  Other men were, sometimes, willing to take the risk.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 247"}
{"id": 38724, "species": {"value": 3791, "label": "Spiraea betulifolia Pallas"}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "133", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of branches taken for ruptures.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"}
{"id": 38647, "species": {"value": 3772, "label": "Sphaeralcea coccinea (Nutt.) Rydb."}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used for hydrophobia.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 31"}
{"id": 38516, "species": {"value": 3755, "label": "Sonchus oleraceus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 11, "label": "c49"}, "pageno": "106", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Gum used as a cure for the opium habit.", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 106"}
{"id": 38455, "species": {"value": 3741, "label": "Solidago rugosa P. Mill."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "461", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of flowers and leaves taken for dizziness, weakness or sunstroke.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 461"}
{"id": 38392, "species": {"value": 3734, "label": "Solidago canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "461", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used as a 'gambling medicine.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 461"}
{"id": 38317, "species": {"value": 3724, "label": "Solanum nigrum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "431", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used for injured person who had relapse.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 431"}
{"id": 38230, "species": {"value": 3713, "label": "Smilax rotundifolia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'bad disease.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"}
{"id": 38221, "species": {"value": 3712, "label": "Smilax pseudochina L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'bad disease.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"}
{"id": 38191, "species": {"value": 3710, "label": "Smilax herbacea L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'bad disease.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"}
{"id": 38182, "species": {"value": 3709, "label": "Smilax glauca Walt."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'bad disease.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"}
{"id": 38169, "species": {"value": 3707, "label": "Smilax bona-nox L."}, "tribe": {"value": 59, "label": "Creek"}, "source": {"value": 128, "label": "swan28"}, "pageno": "667", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant moistened and rubbed on face to make one young.", "rawsource": "Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 667"}
{"id": 38165, "species": {"value": 3706, "label": "Smilax auriculata Walt."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "272", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Complex infusion of buds taken for chronic conditions.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 272"}
{"id": 38164, "species": {"value": 3706, "label": "Smilax auriculata Walt."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "272", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Complex infusion of buds and leaves taken for chronic conditions.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 272"}
{"id": 38155, "species": {"value": 3704, "label": "Smallanthus uvedalius (L.) Mackenzie ex Small"}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used for rheumatism and 'white swelling.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"}
{"id": 38108, "species": {"value": 3695, "label": "Sisyrinchium angustifolium P. Mill."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "288", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound with plant used for 'summer complaint.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 288"}
{"id": 37984, "species": {"value": 3677, "label": "Silene laciniata Cav."}, "tribe": {"value": 107, "label": "Keres, Western"}, "source": {"value": 79, "label": "swank32"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used as a reducing medicine.", "rawsource": "Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 69"}
{"id": 37662, "species": {"value": 3642, "label": "Senecio flaccidus var. douglasii (DC.) B.L. Turner & T.M. Barkl."}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant taken by women for 'lockjaw' after childbirth.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 27"}
{"id": 37361, "species": {"value": 3603, "label": "Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus"}, "tribe": {"value": 41, "label": "Clallam"}, "source": {"value": 99, "label": "f80"}, "pageno": "201", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Used to suck out the cause of an illness.", "rawsource": "Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 201"}
{"id": 37325, "species": {"value": 3591, "label": "Saururus cernuus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "272", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Complex infusion of whole plant taken for chronic conditions.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 272"}
{"id": 37300, "species": {"value": 3589, "label": "Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees"}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "306", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant taken and rubbed on the body for 'mythical wolf' sickness.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 306"}
{"id": 36998, "species": {"value": 3572, "label": "Sanguinaria canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "336", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of smashed roots taken for hiccoughs.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 336"}
{"id": 36997, "species": {"value": 3572, "label": "Sanguinaria canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "335", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of roots taken for sickness caught from a menstruating girl.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 335"}
{"id": 36653, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction taken for 'summer complaint.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"}
{"id": 36492, "species": {"value": 3564, "label": "Sambucus nigra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction taken for 'summer complaint.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"}
{"id": 36440, "species": {"value": 3559, "label": "Salvia dorrii ssp. dorrii var. incana (Benth.) Strachan"}, "tribe": {"value": 232, "label": "Shoshoni"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "136137", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant tops used as a wash for swollen leg veins.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 136137"}
{"id": 36416, "species": {"value": 3559, "label": "Salvia dorrii ssp. dorrii var. incana (Benth.) Strachan"}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 37, "label": "w39"}, "pageno": "91", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used as a 'deer medicine.'", "rawsource": "Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 91"}
{"id": 36369, "species": {"value": 3555, "label": "Salvia apiana Jepson"}, "tribe": {"value": 65, "label": "Diegueno"}, "source": {"value": 85, "label": "hedges86"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves taken for a serious case of poison oak that 'has entered the blood.'", "rawsource": "Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man  Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 39"}
{"id": 36163, "species": {"value": 3551, "label": "Salix sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 59, "label": "Creek"}, "source": {"value": 128, "label": "swan28"}, "pageno": "655", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of root taken for dropsy and 'deer sickness.'", "rawsource": "Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 655"}
{"id": 35898, "species": {"value": 3533, "label": "Salix humilis var. tristis (Ait.) Griggs"}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "103", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used to make a medicine and given to students in medical training.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 103"}
{"id": 35742, "species": {"value": 3523, "label": "Salix caroliniana Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "305", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used for lightning sickness.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 305"}
{"id": 35741, "species": {"value": 3523, "label": "Salix caroliniana Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "247", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark taken for menstruation sickness: yellow eyes and skin, weakness and shaking head. If a man has sexual intercourse with a woman during her menstrual period, the results were more serious than the other menstruation sickness.  A doctor would never do this, as it would damage the 'medicine' which he has in his body.  Other men were, sometimes, willing to take the risk.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 247"}
{"id": 35064, "species": {"value": 3472, "label": "Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht."}, "tribe": {"value": 92, "label": "Hesquiat"}, "source": {"value": 41, "label": "te82"}, "pageno": "75", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of the entire vine taken for a general sick feeling.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"}
{"id": 34633, "species": {"value": 3457, "label": "Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 202, "label": "Pomo, Kashaya"}, "source": {"value": 40, "label": "gl80"}, "pageno": "96", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves or root taken for weak bowels.", "rawsource": "Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 96"}
{"id": 34406, "species": {"value": 3446, "label": "Rubus cuneifolius Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "272", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Complex infusion of roots taken for chronic conditions.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 272"}
{"id": 34306, "species": {"value": 3438, "label": "Rubus allegheniensis Porter"}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "357", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Root used for 'summer complaint.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 357"}
{"id": 33698, "species": {"value": 3392, "label": "Ribes rotundifolium Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "345", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of bark taken for fortune telling or divination.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 345"}
{"id": 33624, "species": {"value": 3378, "label": "Ribes lobbii Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of roots rubbed on the skin for a charley horse.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33581, "species": {"value": 3375, "label": "Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "469", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots and scraped stems taken for 'general indisposition.'", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 469"}
{"id": 33568, "species": {"value": 3375, "label": "Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir."}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of roots rubbed on the skin for a charley horse.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33493, "species": {"value": 3368, "label": "Ribes divaricatum Dougl."}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of roots rubbed on the skin for a charley horse.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33321, "species": {"value": 3358, "label": "Ribes americanum P. Mill."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "346", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves taken by women hurting inside from lifting.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 346"}
{"id": 33320, "species": {"value": 3358, "label": "Ribes americanum P. Mill."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "346", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of bark taken for fortune telling or divination.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 346"}
{"id": 32969, "species": {"value": 3347, "label": "Rhus glabra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "59", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of branches with seed heads used as bathing water for frost bitten limbs.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"}
{"id": 32943, "species": {"value": 3347, "label": "Rhus glabra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used to 'purify' the body and mind.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 37"}
{"id": 32931, "species": {"value": 3347, "label": "Rhus glabra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 59, "label": "Creek"}, "source": {"value": 128, "label": "swan28"}, "pageno": "659", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked for 'all cephalic and pectoral complaints.'", "rawsource": "Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 659"}
{"id": 32863, "species": {"value": 3340, "label": "Rhododendron maximum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 115, "label": "t40"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of leaves rubbed into scratches made on legs as preliminary treatment.", "rawsource": "Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 49"}
{"id": 32718, "species": {"value": 3316, "label": "Ranunculus repens L."}, "tribe": {"value": 92, "label": "Hesquiat"}, "source": {"value": 41, "label": "te82"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Chewed leaves swallowed for general sickness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"}
{"id": 32443, "species": {"value": 3289, "label": "Quercus sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 59, "label": "r45ii"}, "pageno": "38", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark and elm bark taken for ruptures caused by violence.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 38"}
{"id": 32160, "species": {"value": 3268, "label": "Quercus ilicifolia Wangenh."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "302", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Used as a 'sugar medicine.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 302"}
{"id": 31719, "species": {"value": 3231, "label": "Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 232, "label": "Shoshoni"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "126-128", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Bundle of inner bark strips sucked and decoction of leaf used as a wash for milk leg.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 126-128"}
{"id": 31564, "species": {"value": 3219, "label": "Pterocaulon virgatum (L.) DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "304", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant taken for beaver sickness.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 304"}
{"id": 31563, "species": {"value": 3219, "label": "Pterocaulon virgatum (L.) DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "271", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots used for chronic sickness.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 271"}
{"id": 30136, "species": {"value": 3158, "label": "Prosopis velutina Woot."}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 11, "label": "c49"}, "pageno": "93", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of gum applied as a lotion for 'bad disease.'", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 93"}
{"id": 29877, "species": {"value": 3139, "label": "Prenanthes aspera Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 39, "label": "Choctaw"}, "source": {"value": 138, "label": "c51"}, "pageno": "288", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Plant used as a 'secernant' (which induces secretion).", "rawsource": "Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 288"}
{"id": 29604, "species": {"value": 3106, "label": "Populus tremuloides Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 76, "label": "Flathead"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark used for ruptures.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 37"}
{"id": 29016, "species": {"value": 3078, "label": "Polypodium incanum Sw."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "272", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Complex infusion of leaves taken for chronic conditions.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 272"}
{"id": 28807, "species": {"value": 3047, "label": "Polygala verticillata L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "369", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant given to babies with 'summer complaint.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 369"}
{"id": 28806, "species": {"value": 3047, "label": "Polygala verticillata L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "45", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Infusion taken for 'summer complaint.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45"}
{"id": 28781, "species": {"value": 3046, "label": "Polygala senega L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Used for 'inflammatory complaints' and swellings.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"}
{"id": 28759, "species": {"value": 3042, "label": "Polygala lutea L."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "272", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Complex infusion of whole plant taken for chronic conditions.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 272"}
{"id": 28573, "species": {"value": 3017, "label": "Platanus occidentalis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound infusion of bark taken for 'bad disease.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 58"}
{"id": 28284, "species": {"value": 2979, "label": "Pinus virginiana P. Mill."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Skim turpentine off root decoction and use on deer's skin for drawing plaster.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49"}
{"id": 28211, "species": {"value": 2977, "label": "Pinus strobus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "267", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound used as a sugar medicine.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 267"}
{"id": 28161, "species": {"value": 2976, "label": "Pinus sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 105, "label": "w47"}, "pageno": "74", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Decoction of root used on deerskin for a 'drawing plaster.'", "rawsource": "Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 74"}
{"id": 27736, "species": {"value": 2962, "label": "Pinus glabra Walt."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Skim turpentine off root decoction and use on deer's skin for drawing plaster.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49"}
{"id": 27651, "species": {"value": 2959, "label": "Pinus edulis Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "12, 13", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound containing inner bark used for injuries.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 12, 13"}
{"id": 27578, "species": {"value": 2959, "label": "Pinus edulis Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 97, "label": "Hualapai"}, "source": {"value": 127, "label": "w82"}, "pageno": "35", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Fresh, white pitch burned to purify the air.", "rawsource": "Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 35"}
{"id": 27210, "species": {"value": 2938, "label": "Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr."}, "tribe": {"value": 121, "label": "Kwakiutl"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "269", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Branch tips rubbed to cleanse person contaminated with menstrual blood.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 269"}
{"id": 26802, "species": {"value": 2931, "label": "Phytolacca americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound used for 'white swelling.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"}
{"id": 26584, "species": {"value": 2901, "label": "Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "273", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Compound used as a 'corn medicine.'", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 273"}
{"id": 26425, "species": {"value": 2878, "label": "Phlebodium aureum (L.) J. Sm."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "272", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 18, "label": "Other"}, "notes": "Complex infusion of tuberous roots taken for chronic conditions.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 272"}