{"id": 1230, "species": {"value": 55, "label": "Acorus calamus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 55, "label": "Cree, Alberta"}, "source": {"value": 94, "label": "s73"}, "pageno": "331", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Root chewed for the hallucinogenic effects.", "rawsource": "Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 331"}
{"id": 8003, "species": {"value": 729, "label": "Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "339", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Plant used to mesmerize.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 339"}
{"id": 10280, "species": {"value": 1022, "label": "Clematis virginiana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "330", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Decoction of stems used as a wash to induce strange dreams.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 330"}
{"id": 11953, "species": {"value": 1209, "label": "Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight"}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "44", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Plant used in sacred bundles to induce dreams of the supernatural.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 44"}
{"id": 12130, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Most universally used hallucinogenic and medicinal plant known to man.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60"}
{"id": 12131, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Used by the shaman to transcend reality and enter other worlds. Datura offered the shaman not only a means to transcend reality and come into contact with specific guardian spirits, but it also enabled him to go on magical flights to other worlds or transform himself into other life forms such as the mountain lion or eagle.  Such magical flights were a necessary and routine activity for Cahuilla shaman.  A shaman might use the drug to visit the land of the dead, returning to the profane world with information useful to his people, or he might pursue a falling star to recapture a lost soul and return it to its owner.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60"}
{"id": 12148, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 40, "label": "Chumash"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Most universally used hallucinogenic and medicinal plant known to man.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60"}
{"id": 12150, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 42, "label": "Coahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 168, "label": "b67"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Plant used as a 'delirient,' but with extreme danger, as it can cause death.", "rawsource": "Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 80"}
{"id": 12157, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Dried leaves smoked as a hallucinogen.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 14"}
{"id": 12160, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 65, "label": "Diegueno"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Most universally used hallucinogenic and medicinal plant known to man.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60"}
{"id": 12161, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 65, "label": "Diegueno"}, "source": {"value": 85, "label": "hedges86"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Well known as a hallucinogenic plant used in rites marking boys' initiation into the toloache cult.", "rawsource": "Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man  Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 17"}
{"id": 12166, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 77, "label": "Gabrielino"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Most universally used hallucinogenic and medicinal plant known to man.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60"}
{"id": 12170, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 82, "label": "c74"}, "pageno": "306", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Root chewed to induce visions by medicine man while making a diagnosis.", "rawsource": "Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 306"}
{"id": 12171, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 37, "label": "w39"}, "pageno": "31, 89", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Roots chewed by doctor to induce visions while making diagnosis.", "rawsource": "Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 31, 89"}
{"id": 12183, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 106, "label": "Kawaiisu"}, "source": {"value": 60, "label": "z81"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Plant used as a hallucinogen to induce dreams and visions.", "rawsource": "Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 23"}
{"id": 12192, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 128, "label": "Luiseno"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Most universally used hallucinogenic and medicinal plant known to man.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60"}
{"id": 12200, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 144, "label": "Miwok"}, "source": {"value": 100, "label": "bg33"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken to induce delirium which achieved supernatural power.", "rawsource": "Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 169"}
{"id": 12201, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 144, "label": "Miwok"}, "source": {"value": 100, "label": "bg33"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Root eaten to induce delirium which achieved supernatural power.", "rawsource": "Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 169"}
{"id": 12210, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Plant caused hallucinations and made 'you drunk like from whisky.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 42"}
{"id": 12216, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 65, "label": "stew33"}, "pageno": "318", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Decoction of ground, soaked roots taken to have visions, especially visitations from the dead.", "rawsource": "Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 318"}
{"id": 12217, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 65, "label": "stew33"}, "pageno": "318", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Seeds eaten to see dead relatives.", "rawsource": "Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 318"}
{"id": 12222, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 185, "label": "Paiute, Northern"}, "source": {"value": 50, "label": "f89"}, "pageno": "126", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Roots eaten to discover things or see things that could not be seen with ordinary powers.", "rawsource": "Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 126"}
{"id": 12225, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 232, "label": "Shoshoni"}, "source": {"value": 111, "label": "m90"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Decoction of root taken to become unconscious and have visions.", "rawsource": "Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 50"}
{"id": 17733, "species": {"value": 1980, "label": "Ilex vomitoria Ait."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "12, 62", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Used to 'evoke ecstasies.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 12, 62"}
{"id": 21260, "species": {"value": 2271, "label": "Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult."}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 189, "label": "h65"}, "pageno": "48", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Dried flesh 'buttons' eaten to cause auditory and visual hallucinations.", "rawsource": "Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 48"}
{"id": 21821, "species": {"value": 2369, "label": "Magnolia virginiana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 211, "label": "Rappahannock"}, "source": {"value": 102, "label": "shc42"}, "pageno": "28", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Leaves or bark placed in cupped hands, over nose and inhaled as 'mild dope.'", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 28"}
{"id": 23044, "species": {"value": 2488, "label": "Mirabilis multiflora (Torr.) Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 82, "label": "c74"}, "pageno": "334", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Root chewed by medicine man to induce visions while making a diagnosis.", "rawsource": "Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 334"}
{"id": 23054, "species": {"value": 2489, "label": "Mirabilis multiflora var. multiflora"}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 37, "label": "w39"}, "pageno": "31, 75", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Roots chewed by doctor to induce visions while making diagnosis.", "rawsource": "Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 31, 75"}
{"id": 23894, "species": {"value": 2584, "label": "Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf"}, "tribe": {"value": 106, "label": "Kawaiisu"}, "source": {"value": 60, "label": "z81"}, "pageno": "43", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Plant eaten to cause dreams.", "rawsource": "Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43"}
{"id": 39757, "species": {"value": 3930, "label": "Thamnosma montana Torr. & Fr\u201am."}, "tribe": {"value": 106, "label": "Kawaiisu"}, "source": {"value": 60, "label": "z81"}, "pageno": "67", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 153, "label": "Hallucinogen"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant taken by medicine men 'to go crazy like coyotes.'", "rawsource": "Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 67"}