{"id": 17730, "species": {"value": 1980, "label": "Ilex vomitoria Ait."}, "tribe": {"value": 3, "label": "Alabama"}, "source": {"value": 128, "label": "swan28"}, "pageno": "666", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant taken to 'clear out the system and produce ceremonial purity.'", "rawsource": "Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 666"}
{"id": 19762, "species": {"value": 2125, "label": "Ledum groenlandicum Oeder"}, "tribe": {"value": 7, "label": "Algonquin, Quebec"}, "source": {"value": 67, "label": "b80"}, "pageno": "214", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant taken for colds.", "rawsource": "Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 214"}
{"id": 44028, "species": {"value": 4228, "label": "Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 14, "label": "Apache, Western"}, "source": {"value": 87, "label": "b86"}, "pageno": "182", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Peeled stalk shaped like a short snake, heated, eaten by a practitioner and spit at the sick.", "rawsource": "Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache:  Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 182"}
{"id": 10996, "species": {"value": 1102, "label": "Cornus sericea ssp. sericea"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "161", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in medicine ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 161"}
{"id": 12122, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "156", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Powdered roots used in the religious-medicine ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156"}
{"id": 12526, "species": {"value": 1303, "label": "Dimorphocarpa wislizeni (Engelm.) Rollins"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "157", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant taken at medicine ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157"}
{"id": 14051, "species": {"value": 1514, "label": "Eriogonum jamesii Benth."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "157", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in medicine ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157"}
{"id": 21881, "species": {"value": 2372, "label": "Mahonia fremontii (Torr.) Fedde"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "155", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used for ceremonial purposes.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155"}
{"id": 23742, "species": {"value": 2577, "label": "Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "158", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant smoked in the medicine ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 158"}
{"id": 27148, "species": {"value": 2938, "label": "Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr."}, "tribe": {"value": 21, "label": "Bella Coola"}, "source": {"value": 53, "label": "t73"}, "pageno": "198", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Boughs used ritually for protection from death and illness.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198"}
{"id": 215, "species": {"value": 6, "label": "Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 42, "label": "m09"}, "pageno": "273", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant burned as ceremonial incense.", "rawsource": "McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 273"}
{"id": 3477, "species": {"value": 261, "label": "Angelica dawsonii S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Roots used as a religious power medicine.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40"}
{"id": 17185, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 42, "label": "m09"}, "pageno": "273274", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant burned as ceremonial incense.", "rawsource": "McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 273274"}
{"id": 20558, "species": {"value": 2216, "label": "Lithospermum incisum Lehm."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 42, "label": "m09"}, "pageno": "277", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Dried tops burned as incense in ceremonials.", "rawsource": "McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 277"}
{"id": 20813, "species": {"value": 2237, "label": "Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance"}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 42, "label": "m09"}, "pageno": "274", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Pulverized root burned as incense.", "rawsource": "McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 274"}
{"id": 2754, "species": {"value": 190, "label": "Amaranthus hybridus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in a green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 23"}
{"id": 2799, "species": {"value": 193, "label": "Amaranthus retroflexus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in a green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 23"}
{"id": 2835, "species": {"value": 195, "label": "Amaranthus spinosus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in a green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 23"}
{"id": 2845, "species": {"value": 198, "label": "Ambrosia artemisiifolia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "52", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"}
{"id": 2890, "species": {"value": 203, "label": "Ambrosia trifida L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "52", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"}
{"id": 3314, "species": {"value": 243, "label": "Andropogon virginicus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"}
{"id": 9865, "species": {"value": 942, "label": "Cicuta maculata L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Root chewed, if dizziness occurred person would die soon, if not, long life.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31"}
{"id": 10275, "species": {"value": 1022, "label": "Clematis virginiana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"}
{"id": 11698, "species": {"value": 1164, "label": "Cucurbita pepo L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "51", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 51"}
{"id": 11862, "species": {"value": 1194, "label": "Cynoglossum virginianum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "30", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"}
{"id": 17739, "species": {"value": 1981, "label": "Impatiens capensis Meerb."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "41", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41"}
{"id": 17784, "species": {"value": 1982, "label": "Impatiens pallida Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "41", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41"}
{"id": 19376, "species": {"value": 2084, "label": "Lactuca canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient in a green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"}
{"id": 21535, "species": {"value": 2331, "label": "Lycopus virginicus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion taken at green corn ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"}
{"id": 23917, "species": {"value": 2585, "label": "Nicotiana rustica L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "59", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used extensively in rituals.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"}
{"id": 23957, "species": {"value": 2587, "label": "Nicotiana tabacum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "59", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used extensively in rituals.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"}
{"id": 28271, "species": {"value": 2979, "label": "Pinus virginiana P. Mill."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Branches burned and ashes thrown on hearth fire after a death in the home.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49"}
{"id": 32861, "species": {"value": 3340, "label": "Rhododendron maximum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "52", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "'Throw clumps of leaves into a fire and dance around it to bring cold weather.'", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"}
{"id": 44052, "species": {"value": 4229, "label": "Yucca filamentosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "25", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used as an ingredient with broom sedge and amaranth in green corn medicine.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 25"}
{"id": 248, "species": {"value": 6, "label": "Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "5", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Needles burned as incense in ceremonies by persons afraid of thunder.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 5"}
{"id": 333, "species": {"value": 8, "label": "Abies sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves with fungus burned on coals with or without sweet grass used ceremonially to purify sickness.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 169"}
{"id": 541, "species": {"value": 27, "label": "Acer negundo L."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "4", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Wood burned as incense for making spiritual medicines.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 4"}
{"id": 1201, "species": {"value": 55, "label": "Acorus calamus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "7", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in a sweat lodge ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 7"}
{"id": 1449, "species": {"value": 61, "label": "Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Roots used in ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 33"}
{"id": 3247, "species": {"value": 236, "label": "Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 13, "label": "g05"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Powdered flowers chewed and rubbed on body to protect and strengthen warrior.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 42"}
{"id": 5247, "species": {"value": 397, "label": "Artemisia frigida Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "18", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in the Sun Dance ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 18"}
{"id": 5358, "species": {"value": 399, "label": "Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "18", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 18"}
{"id": 5431, "species": {"value": 401, "label": "Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "190", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 190"}
{"id": 8079, "species": {"value": 745, "label": "Carex nebrascensis Dewey"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "7", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in the Sun Dance and Massaum ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 7"}
{"id": 12048, "species": {"value": 1234, "label": "Dasiphora floribunda (Pursh) Kartesz"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "176", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Dried, powdered leaves rubbed over hands, arms and body for Contrary dance.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 176"}
{"id": 16040, "species": {"value": 1758, "label": "Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "28", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Roots chewed in the Sun Dance ceremony for the cooling effect.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 28"}
{"id": 16041, "species": {"value": 1758, "label": "Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "35", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Roots chewed to cool the body in the Sweatlodge and Sundance Ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 35"}
{"id": 16678, "species": {"value": 1833, "label": "Helianthus sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "21", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Flower heads used in the Massaum ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 21"}
{"id": 17218, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "170", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Dried plant burned in many ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 170"}
{"id": 17219, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "9", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used as a ceremonial incense for purification.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 9"}
{"id": 18444, "species": {"value": 2054, "label": "Juniperus communis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "4", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves burned as incense in ceremonies, especially to remove fear of thunder.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 4"}
{"id": 18589, "species": {"value": 2057, "label": "Juniperus horizontalis Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "4", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves burned as incense in ceremonies, especially to remove fear of thunder.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 4"}
{"id": 18943, "species": {"value": 2062, "label": "Juniperus scopulorum Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "4", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves burned as incense in ceremonies, especially to remove fear of thunder.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 4"}
{"id": 19296, "species": {"value": 2077, "label": "Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) J.A. Schultes"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "10", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in the Sun Dance ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 10"}
{"id": 21771, "species": {"value": 2362, "label": "Madia glomerata Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Dried plant used in special ceremony for perverted, over-sexed people.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 22"}
{"id": 22478, "species": {"value": 2423, "label": "Matricaria discoidea DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in the Sun Dance ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 22"}
{"id": 22613, "species": {"value": 2443, "label": "Mentha arvensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in the Sun Dance ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 27"}
{"id": 23263, "species": {"value": 2505, "label": "Monarda fistulosa ssp. fistulosa var. menthifolia (Graham) Fern."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "186", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 186"}
{"id": 30229, "species": {"value": 3160, "label": "Prunus americana Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "35", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Branches used for the Sun Dance ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 35"}
{"id": 31354, "species": {"value": 3205, "label": "Psoralidium lanceolatum (Pursh) Rydb."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "178", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used for certain ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 178"}
{"id": 35639, "species": {"value": 3518, "label": "Salix amygdaloides Anderss."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in the Sun Dance ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37"}
{"id": 37129, "species": {"value": 3586, "label": "Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Sharpened stick used in acupuncture ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"}
{"id": 37524, "species": {"value": 3612, "label": "Scirpus nevadensis S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "8", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in the Sun Dance ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 8"}
{"id": 38638, "species": {"value": 3772, "label": "Sphaeralcea coccinea (Nutt.) Rydb."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "30", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 30"}
{"id": 41197, "species": {"value": 4049, "label": "Typha latifolia L."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 57, "label": "h81"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves used in the Sun Dance ceremony.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 13"}
{"id": 10507, "species": {"value": 1055, "label": "Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "127", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Burned, dried leaves used as incense in religious ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 127"}
{"id": 39851, "species": {"value": 3950, "label": "Thuja occidentalis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "123", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Twigs burned for incense in religious ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 123"}
{"id": 18933, "species": {"value": 2061, "label": "Juniperus pinchotii Sudsworth"}, "tribe": {"value": 48, "label": "Comanche"}, "source": {"value": 143, "label": "j68"}, "pageno": "3", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Dried leaves sprinkled on live coals and smoke inhaled for ghost sickness.", "rawsource": "Jones, David E., 1968, Comanche Plant Medicine, Papers in Anthropology 9:1-13, page 3"}
{"id": 21241, "species": {"value": 2271, "label": "Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult."}, "tribe": {"value": 48, "label": "Comanche"}, "source": {"value": 147, "label": "cj40"}, "pageno": "522", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in ceremonies as a narcotic.", "rawsource": "Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 522"}
{"id": 22451, "species": {"value": 2420, "label": "Matelea biflora (Raf.) Woods."}, "tribe": {"value": 48, "label": "Comanche"}, "source": {"value": 143, "label": "j68"}, "pageno": "9", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of thick, white roots used for ghost sickness.", "rawsource": "Jones, David E., 1968, Comanche Plant Medicine, Papers in Anthropology 9:1-13, page 9"}
{"id": 22458, "species": {"value": 2421, "label": "Matelea cynanchoides (Engelm.) Woods."}, "tribe": {"value": 48, "label": "Comanche"}, "source": {"value": 143, "label": "j68"}, "pageno": "9", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of thick, white roots used for ghost sickness.", "rawsource": "Jones, David E., 1968, Comanche Plant Medicine, Papers in Anthropology 9:1-13, page 9"}
{"id": 23880, "species": {"value": 2584, "label": "Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf"}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves smoked as a general purgative in social and ritual contexts.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 14"}
{"id": 1681, "species": {"value": 84, "label": "Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze"}, "tribe": {"value": 54, "label": "Cree"}, "source": {"value": 146, "label": "j87"}, "pageno": "51", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Flowers frequently included in medicine bundles.", "rawsource": "Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 51"}
{"id": 25414, "species": {"value": 2734, "label": "Panax sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 59, "label": "Creek"}, "source": {"value": 128, "label": "swan28"}, "pageno": "656", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used to keep ghosts away and for religious occasions.", "rawsource": "Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 656"}
{"id": 253, "species": {"value": 6, "label": "Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 60, "label": "Crow"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "5", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Young twigs and leaves burned as incense in certain ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"}
{"id": 8543, "species": {"value": 800, "label": "Catabrosa aquatica (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 60, "label": "Crow"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "12", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Burned as incense during certain ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"}
{"id": 16018, "species": {"value": 1755, "label": "Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br."}, "tribe": {"value": 60, "label": "Crow"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "12", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Burned as incense during certain ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"}
{"id": 18598, "species": {"value": 2057, "label": "Juniperus horizontalis Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 60, "label": "Crow"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Young twigs and leaves burned as incense during incantations.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13"}
{"id": 20677, "species": {"value": 2222, "label": "Lobelia inflata L."}, "tribe": {"value": 60, "label": "Crow"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "14, 15", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Used in religious ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14, 15"}
{"id": 21776, "species": {"value": 2362, "label": "Madia glomerata Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 60, "label": "Crow"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Dried herbs burned as incense in some ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"}
{"id": 1267, "species": {"value": 55, "label": "Acorus calamus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "69, 70", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Blades of grass used as garlands in mystery ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"}
{"id": 5513, "species": {"value": 404, "label": "Artemisia sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 91, "label": "g13i"}, "pageno": "369", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in purificatory rites by women after menstruation.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 369"}
{"id": 5514, "species": {"value": 404, "label": "Artemisia sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "134135", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used to begin any ceremonial in order to drive away evil influences.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134135"}
{"id": 17227, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "66", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used as incense in ceremony to invoke good powers and in peace ceremony.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 66"}
{"id": 17228, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 91, "label": "g13i"}, "pageno": "359", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in propitiatory rites.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 359"}
{"id": 31017, "species": {"value": 3184, "label": "Prunus virginiana var. virginiana"}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "88, 89", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Fruit prepared in unspecified way and used in old-time ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88, 89"}
{"id": 37772, "species": {"value": 3657, "label": "Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "106", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Fruit used occasionally in ceremonial feasts at female puberty rites.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 106"}
{"id": 5265, "species": {"value": 397, "label": "Artemisia frigida Willd."}, "tribe": {"value": 63, "label": "Delaware, Oklahoma"}, "source": {"value": 22, "label": "t42"}, "pageno": "74", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves chewed as 'ceremonial' medicine.", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 74"}
{"id": 32894, "species": {"value": 3345, "label": "Rhus copallinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 63, "label": "Delaware, Oklahoma"}, "source": {"value": 22, "label": "t42"}, "pageno": "26, 78", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves and root used in 'ceremonial tobacco mixture.'", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 78"}
{"id": 18972, "species": {"value": 2062, "label": "Juniperus scopulorum Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 76, "label": "Flathead"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "36", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant burned and smoke used to purify the air and ward off illness.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"}
{"id": 16567, "species": {"value": 1821, "label": "Helianthus annuus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 82, "label": "Gros Ventre"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "12, 13", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Oil from seeds used 'to lubricate or paint the face or body.'", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12, 13"}
{"id": 22215, "species": {"value": 2391, "label": "Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid."}, "tribe": {"value": 87, "label": "Haisla and Hanaksiala"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "265", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Afterbirth of a child tied to a young tree to ensure the child would grow up strong.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265"}
{"id": 42680, "species": {"value": 4105, "label": "Veratrum viride Ait."}, "tribe": {"value": 87, "label": "Haisla and Hanaksiala"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "201", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Roots put on the ends of arrows by the shaman to shoot towards 'disease spirits.'", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201"}
{"id": 12649, "species": {"value": 1324, "label": "Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq."}, "tribe": {"value": 90, "label": "Hawaiian"}, "source": {"value": 68, "label": "a22"}, "pageno": "3", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves and other plants used as a wash to keep evil influences away.", "rawsource": "Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 3"}
{"id": 25761, "species": {"value": 2785, "label": "Pelea sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 90, "label": "Hawaiian"}, "source": {"value": 68, "label": "a22"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves placed on the bed as a beauty remedy for king, queens and their sons and daughters. The alani was the Hawaiian beauty remedy and was dedicated to the exclusive use of the kings and queens and their sons and daughters.  The leaves, in sufficient quantity, were taken and laid on the bed, covering the space, from the neck to the feet.  A sheeting of tapa, tightly drawn, was laid over the leaves.  In the meantime, twenty leaves were allowed to remain in the water overnight and placed in the sun during the day.  This was for bathing.  Towards evening, the royal child, or the one chosen for beauty, was given a bath of this water.  In it were put the alani flowers.  After the bath the child was fed a fattening ration.  After feeding, and when the child became sleepy, it was placed in the bed covered with the alani leaves.  This was repeated for five consecutive days.  The bedding was then changed, the old alani leaves were removed and new ones took their place, and the process continued from that point on for five days more.  Not only did this treatment improve the appearance, but it made the skin immune to certain diseases, especially skin diseases.", "rawsource": "Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 15"}
{"id": 13361, "species": {"value": 1422, "label": "Equisetum hyemale L."}, "tribe": {"value": 94, "label": "Hoh"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Rootstocks eaten during medicinal ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 57"}
{"id": 13427, "species": {"value": 1424, "label": "Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun"}, "tribe": {"value": 94, "label": "Hoh"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Rootstocks eaten during medicinal ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 57"}
{"id": 6555, "species": {"value": 496, "label": "Astragalus sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 37, "label": "w39"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used as a ceremonial emetic.", "rawsource": "Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 80"}
{"id": 6615, "species": {"value": 503, "label": "Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 72, "label": "f96"}, "pageno": "21", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used for kiva fires.", "rawsource": "Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 21"}
{"id": 7702, "species": {"value": 669, "label": "Calochortus aureus S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 72, "label": "f96"}, "pageno": "18", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 12, "label": "Ceremonial Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used in the Flute ceremony.", "rawsource": "Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 18"}