{"id": 457, "species": {"value": 23, "label": "Acer glabrum Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "146", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of four straight, young sticks used as a wash or taken for snakebites. The informant could not recall whether the decoction was taken internally or used as a wash.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 146"}
{"id": 920, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 176, "label": "Okanagon"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant used as a wash for insect or snake bites.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"}
{"id": 978, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant used as a wash for insect or snake bites.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"}
{"id": 979, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "460", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of whole plant used as a wash for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 460"}
{"id": 1019, "species": {"value": 42, "label": "Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 106, "label": "Kawaiisu"}, "source": {"value": 60, "label": "z81"}, "pageno": "9", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Dried, crushed and powdered leaves applied to snake bite wounds.", "rawsource": "Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 9"}
{"id": 1578, "species": {"value": 71, "label": "Adiantum pedatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "258", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of wet, smashed fronds bound to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 258"}
{"id": 2064, "species": {"value": 138, "label": "Allium canadense L."}, "tribe": {"value": 131, "label": "Mahuna"}, "source": {"value": 5, "label": "r54"}, "pageno": "63", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant rubbed on body for protection from poisonous snakebites.", "rawsource": "Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 63"}
{"id": 2321, "species": {"value": 166, "label": "Allium vineale L."}, "tribe": {"value": 131, "label": "Mahuna"}, "source": {"value": 5, "label": "r54"}, "pageno": "63", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant rubbed on body for protection from poisonous snakebites.", "rawsource": "Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 63"}
{"id": 3205, "species": {"value": 227, "label": "Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "38", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Infusion of root blown on snakebite wound.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"}
{"id": 3233, "species": {"value": 233, "label": "Amsonia tomentosa var. tomentosa"}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 6, "label": "s15"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Compound poultice of root applied with much ceremony to rattlesnake bite.", "rawsource": "Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 53"}
{"id": 3563, "species": {"value": 267, "label": "Angelica sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "371", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root rubbed on legs to prevent rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 371"}
{"id": 4838, "species": {"value": 367, "label": "Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott"}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "202", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root used for rattlesnake bite swellings.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 202"}
{"id": 4886, "species": {"value": 374, "label": "Aristolochia serpentaria L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root chewed and saliva spit on snakebite.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"}
{"id": 4898, "species": {"value": 374, "label": "Aristolochia serpentaria L."}, "tribe": {"value": 149, "label": "Mohegan"}, "source": {"value": 110, "label": "tan28"}, "pageno": "266", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of plant applied to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266"}
{"id": 4899, "species": {"value": 374, "label": "Aristolochia serpentaria L."}, "tribe": {"value": 149, "label": "Mohegan"}, "source": {"value": 97, "label": "t72"}, "pageno": "70, 128", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of pounded root applied to snakebite.", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 70, 128"}
{"id": 4906, "species": {"value": 374, "label": "Aristolochia serpentaria L."}, "tribe": {"value": 211, "label": "Rappahannock"}, "source": {"value": 102, "label": "shc42"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Compound poultice with mashed roots used as salve for snake bites.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 27"}
{"id": 5215, "species": {"value": 396, "label": "Artemisia filifolia Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "48", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Strong infusion taken in large amounts and used as lotion for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 48"}
{"id": 5673, "species": {"value": 407, "label": "Artemisia tridentata Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "45", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant taken and used as a lotion for water snake bites.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 45"}
{"id": 6115, "species": {"value": 432, "label": "Asclepias fascicularis Dcne."}, "tribe": {"value": 25, "label": "California Indian"}, "source": {"value": 111, "label": "m90"}, "pageno": "47", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of fresh leaves used for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 47"}
{"id": 6237, "species": {"value": 442, "label": "Asclepias speciosa Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "48", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of seeds used to draw poison from snakebites.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 48"}
{"id": 6361, "species": {"value": 447, "label": "Asclepias tuberosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 211, "label": "Rappahannock"}, "source": {"value": 102, "label": "shc42"}, "pageno": "30", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of bruised leaves bound to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30"}
{"id": 6363, "species": {"value": 448, "label": "Asclepias verticillata L."}, "tribe": {"value": 39, "label": "Choctaw"}, "source": {"value": 138, "label": "c51"}, "pageno": "287", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root chewed, saliva swallowed and strong decoction taken for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 287"}
{"id": 6448, "species": {"value": 462, "label": "Astragalus amphioxys Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 157, "label": "cb80"}, "pageno": "376", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Fresh or dried root chewed by medicine man before sucking snakebite and poultice applied to wound.", "rawsource": "Camazine, Scott and Robert A. Bye, 1980, A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2:365-388, page 376"}
{"id": 6972, "species": {"value": 552, "label": "Baptisia alba var. macrophylla (Larisey) Isely"}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "228", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Compound containing root used for rattlesnake bite.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 228"}
{"id": 7408, "species": {"value": 605, "label": "Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of root 'boiled down to syrup' and rubbed on snake bite.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"}
{"id": 7412, "species": {"value": 605, "label": "Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 4, "label": "d28"}, "pageno": "352", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of mashed, fresh root applied to snakebite and used as repellant.", "rawsource": "Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 352"}
{"id": 7659, "species": {"value": 662, "label": "Calla palustris L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "278", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Compound decoction of roots and stems used as poultice on snake bites.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 278"}
{"id": 8091, "species": {"value": 748, "label": "Carex plantaginea Lam."}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root used as a charm to prevent snakebite and spittle from chewed root used on snakebite.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 34"}
{"id": 8614, "species": {"value": 807, "label": "Ceanothus americanus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "240241", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root used for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 240241"}
{"id": 8996, "species": {"value": 848, "label": "Chaenactis douglasii (Hook.) Hook. & Arn."}, "tribe": {"value": 176, "label": "Okanagon"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used as wash for insect and snake bites.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"}
{"id": 9004, "species": {"value": 848, "label": "Chaenactis douglasii (Hook.) Hook. & Arn."}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "55, 56", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of pulped leaves and stems applied to rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 55, 56"}
{"id": 9016, "species": {"value": 848, "label": "Chaenactis douglasii (Hook.) Hook. & Arn."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used as wash for insect and snake bites.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"}
{"id": 9017, "species": {"value": 848, "label": "Chaenactis douglasii (Hook.) Hook. & Arn."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "473", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Strong decoction of entire plant applied to insect and snakebites.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 473"}
{"id": 9042, "species": {"value": 854, "label": "Chaetopappa ericoides (Torr.) Nesom"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "48", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of chewed leaves applied and infusion taken for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 48"}
{"id": 9150, "species": {"value": 865, "label": "Chamaesyce albomarginata (Torr. & Gray) Small"}, "tribe": {"value": 106, "label": "Kawaiisu"}, "source": {"value": 60, "label": "z81"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Ground leaves and flowers used as a salve for rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 31"}
{"id": 9157, "species": {"value": 865, "label": "Chamaesyce albomarginata (Torr. & Gray) Small"}, "tribe": {"value": 232, "label": "Shoshoni"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "73, 74", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of crushed, whole plant applied to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 73, 74"}
{"id": 9176, "species": {"value": 868, "label": "Chamaesyce glyptosperma (Engelm.) Small"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "462", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Fresh plant rubbed on all snakebites, but especially rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462"}
{"id": 9213, "species": {"value": 876, "label": "Chamaesyce ocellata ssp. ocellata"}, "tribe": {"value": 144, "label": "Miwok"}, "source": {"value": 100, "label": "bg33"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Mashed leaves rubbed into snakebite to prevent swelling.", "rawsource": "Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 169"}
{"id": 9214, "species": {"value": 877, "label": "Chamaesyce polycarpa (Benth.) Millsp. ex Parish"}, "tribe": {"value": 128, "label": "Luiseno"}, "source": {"value": 24, "label": "s08"}, "pageno": "231", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 231"}
{"id": 9221, "species": {"value": 877, "label": "Chamaesyce polycarpa (Benth.) Millsp. ex Parish"}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 11, "label": "c49"}, "pageno": "99", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant chewed to cause vomiting and sweating for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 99"}
{"id": 9222, "species": {"value": 877, "label": "Chamaesyce polycarpa (Benth.) Millsp. ex Parish"}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 11, "label": "c49"}, "pageno": "99", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant juice used as wash and poultice of plant applied to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 99"}
{"id": 9236, "species": {"value": 880, "label": "Chamaesyce serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia"}, "tribe": {"value": 144, "label": "Miwok"}, "source": {"value": 100, "label": "bg33"}, "pageno": "170", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of plant applied, must be done immediately, to rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 170"}
{"id": 9849, "species": {"value": 941, "label": "Cicuta douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of split roots used for rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 71"}
{"id": 9885, "species": {"value": 943, "label": "Cicuta maculata var. angustifolia Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 12, "label": "tha41"}, "pageno": "58, 59", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of pulped root applied to rattlesnake bites for the swelling.", "rawsource": "Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 58, 59"}
{"id": 10572, "species": {"value": 1060, "label": "Conioselinum scopulorum (Gray) Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "34", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used as a snake repellent.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 34"}
{"id": 10620, "species": {"value": 1069, "label": "Conyza canadensis var. canadensis"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Cold infusion taken or used as lotion for snake bite.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 50"}
{"id": 11519, "species": {"value": 1146, "label": "Croton texensis (Klotzsch) Muell.-Arg."}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 157, "label": "cb80"}, "pageno": "376", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Fresh or dried root chewed by medicine man before sucking snakebite and poultice applied to wound.", "rawsource": "Camazine, Scott and Robert A. Bye, 1980, A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2:365-388, page 376"}
{"id": 11524, "species": {"value": 1147, "label": "Cryptantha cinerea var. cinerea"}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of plant applied or plant used as lotion for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 40"}
{"id": 11544, "species": {"value": 1152, "label": "Cryptantha fulvocanescens (S. Wats.) Payson"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Cold infusion used as lotion for snake bite.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 40"}
{"id": 11765, "species": {"value": 1168, "label": "Cunila origanoides (L.) Britt."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Used as a snakebite remedy.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"}
{"id": 11876, "species": {"value": 1197, "label": "Cyperus esculentus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 11, "label": "c49"}, "pageno": "98", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of chewed roots applied to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 98"}
{"id": 12137, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant paste used for poisonous tarantula, snake, spider and other insect bites.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60"}
{"id": 12199, "species": {"value": 1244, "label": "Datura wrightii Regel"}, "tribe": {"value": 131, "label": "Mahuna"}, "source": {"value": 5, "label": "r54"}, "pageno": "43", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used as an antivenom for rattlesnakebites.", "rawsource": "Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 43"}
{"id": 12267, "species": {"value": 1246, "label": "Daucus pusillus Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken for snake bites.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 23"}
{"id": 12270, "species": {"value": 1246, "label": "Daucus pusillus Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 144, "label": "Miwok"}, "source": {"value": 100, "label": "bg33"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of chewed plant applied to snakebite.", "rawsource": "Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 169"}
{"id": 12762, "species": {"value": 1348, "label": "Echinacea angustifolia DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "131", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for snake and other venomous bites and stings in unspecified ways.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131"}
{"id": 12774, "species": {"value": 1348, "label": "Echinacea angustifolia DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "11", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root used as an antidote for rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"}
{"id": 12787, "species": {"value": 1348, "label": "Echinacea angustifolia DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "131", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for snake and other venomous bites and stings in unspecified ways.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131"}
{"id": 12788, "species": {"value": 1348, "label": "Echinacea angustifolia DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 154, "label": "g13ii"}, "pageno": "333", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of smashed roots applied to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 333"}
{"id": 12798, "species": {"value": 1348, "label": "Echinacea angustifolia DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "131", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for snake and other venomous bites and stings in unspecified ways.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131"}
{"id": 12808, "species": {"value": 1348, "label": "Echinacea angustifolia DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "131", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for snake and other venomous bites and stings in unspecified ways.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131"}
{"id": 12823, "species": {"value": 1348, "label": "Echinacea angustifolia DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 280, "label": "Winnebago"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "131", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for snake and other venomous bites and stings in unspecified ways.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131"}
{"id": 12852, "species": {"value": 1350, "label": "Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 91, "label": "g13i"}, "pageno": "368", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used as an antidote for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 368"}
{"id": 13283, "species": {"value": 1420, "label": "Epixiphium wislizeni (Engelm. ex Gray) Munz"}, "tribe": {"value": 107, "label": "Keres, Western"}, "source": {"value": 79, "label": "swank32"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Leaves heated with stones and rubbed onto snakebites.", "rawsource": "Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 53"}
{"id": 13550, "species": {"value": 1436, "label": "Eremocrinum albomarginatum (M.E. Jones) M.E. Jones"}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 17"}
{"id": 13734, "species": {"value": 1470, "label": "Erigeron divergens Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Compound used for snake bites.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 50"}
{"id": 13750, "species": {"value": 1473, "label": "Erigeron flagellaris Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "50, 51", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Compound poultice of plant applied to snake bite.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 50, 51"}
{"id": 13992, "species": {"value": 1503, "label": "Eriogonum divaricatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 158, "label": "Navajo, Kayenta"}, "source": {"value": 106, "label": "wh51"}, "pageno": "19", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant smoked for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 19"}
{"id": 14076, "species": {"value": 1516, "label": "Eriogonum leptophyllum (Torr. & Gray) Woot. & Standl."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of whole plant used internally and externally for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 23"}
{"id": 14237, "species": {"value": 1550, "label": "Eryngium aquaticum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 39, "label": "Choctaw"}, "source": {"value": 138, "label": "c51"}, "pageno": "287", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root used as an 'anti-poison', especially good for snake bite.", "rawsource": "Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 287"}
{"id": 14245, "species": {"value": 1551, "label": "Eryngium yuccifolium Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Used as snakebite remedy.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"}
{"id": 14258, "species": {"value": 1551, "label": "Eryngium yuccifolium Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 59, "label": "Creek"}, "source": {"value": 128, "label": "swan28"}, "pageno": "655656", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Infusion of root used for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 655656"}
{"id": 14259, "species": {"value": 1551, "label": "Eryngium yuccifolium Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 59, "label": "Creek"}, "source": {"value": 115, "label": "t40"}, "pageno": "45", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45"}
{"id": 14263, "species": {"value": 1551, "label": "Eryngium yuccifolium Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "248", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root used for rattlesnake bites and bladder trouble.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 248"}
{"id": 14297, "species": {"value": 1552, "label": "Eryngium yuccifolium var. synchaetum Gray ex Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "295", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 295"}
{"id": 14488, "species": {"value": 1580, "label": "Eupatorium perfoliatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "142", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of chewed plants applied to rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 142"}
{"id": 14516, "species": {"value": 1580, "label": "Eupatorium perfoliatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "214", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root used for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 214"}
{"id": 15200, "species": {"value": 1655, "label": "Fraxinus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "411", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken and applied as poultice to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 411"}
{"id": 15208, "species": {"value": 1655, "label": "Fraxinus americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "233", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of flowers taken as an antidote for a bite, probably a snake bite.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 233"}
{"id": 15223, "species": {"value": 1658, "label": "Fraxinus latifolia Benth."}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "12", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Leaves placed in sandals as a snake repellent.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 12"}
{"id": 15710, "species": {"value": 1706, "label": "Gaura mollis James"}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 37, "label": "w39"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of root taken for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 86"}
{"id": 15720, "species": {"value": 1706, "label": "Gaura mollis James"}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 157, "label": "cb80"}, "pageno": "377", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Fresh or dried root chewed by medicine man before sucking snakebite and poultice applied to wound.", "rawsource": "Camazine, Scott and Robert A. Bye, 1980, A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2:365-388, page 377"}
{"id": 15770, "species": {"value": 1715, "label": "Gentiana andrewsii Griseb."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "222", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root used for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 222"}
{"id": 15978, "species": {"value": 1747, "label": "Glandularia bipinnatifida (Nutt.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 107, "label": "Keres, Western"}, "source": {"value": 79, "label": "swank32"}, "pageno": "73", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Leaves crushed with rocks and rubbed on snakebites.", "rawsource": "Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 73"}
{"id": 16127, "species": {"value": 1765, "label": "Goodyera repens (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. f."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "67", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of chewed leaves and swallowed juice used for snakebite, reference from 1796.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 67"}
{"id": 16193, "species": {"value": 1777, "label": "Grindelia nuda var. aphanactis (Rydb.) Nesom"}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 157, "label": "cb80"}, "pageno": "374", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Fresh or dried root chewed by medicine man before sucking snakebite and poultice applied to wound.", "rawsource": "Camazine, Scott and Robert A. Bye, 1980, A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2:365-388, page 374"}
{"id": 16298, "species": {"value": 1786, "label": "Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby"}, "tribe": {"value": 107, "label": "Keres, Western"}, "source": {"value": 79, "label": "swank32"}, "pageno": "46", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Chewed leaf juice taken for and rubbed on rattlesnake bites.", "rawsource": "Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 46"}
{"id": 16310, "species": {"value": 1786, "label": "Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby"}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Plant used for snakebites.", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"}
{"id": 16330, "species": {"value": 1786, "label": "Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "51", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction used ceremonially for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 51"}
{"id": 16559, "species": {"value": 1821, "label": "Helianthus annuus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "158", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of crushed plants applied to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 158"}
{"id": 16636, "species": {"value": 1821, "label": "Helianthus annuus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 6, "label": "s15"}, "pageno": "53, 54", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Compound poultice of root applied with much ceremony to rattlesnake bite.", "rawsource": "Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 53, 54"}
{"id": 16637, "species": {"value": 1821, "label": "Helianthus annuus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 157, "label": "cb80"}, "pageno": "375", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Fresh or dried root chewed by medicine man before sucking snakebite and poultice applied to wound.", "rawsource": "Camazine, Scott and Robert A. Bye, 1980, A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2:365-388, page 375"}
{"id": 17077, "species": {"value": 1870, "label": "Heuchera cylindrica var. glabella (Torr. & Gray) Wheelock"}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 111, "label": "m90"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of mashed, raw root applied to snakebites.", "rawsource": "Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 49"}
{"id": 17620, "species": {"value": 1956, "label": "Hypericum ascyron L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "223", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Powder of boiled root applied to draw poison from water moccasin bite.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 223"}
{"id": 17636, "species": {"value": 1962, "label": "Hypericum gentianoides (L.) B.S.P."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root chewed, a portion swallowed and rest used as poultice for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"}
{"id": 17645, "species": {"value": 1963, "label": "Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz"}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root chewed, a portion swallowed and rest used as poultice for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"}
{"id": 17669, "species": {"value": 1966, "label": "Hypericum perforatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Root chewed, a portion swallowed and rest used as poultice for snakebite.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"}
{"id": 17903, "species": {"value": 1993, "label": "Ipomoea sagittata Poir."}, "tribe": {"value": 96, "label": "Houma"}, "source": {"value": 49, "label": "speck41"}, "pageno": "62, 63", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Leaf chewed and juice swallowed or poultice of chewed leaves used on snakebite.", "rawsource": "Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 62, 63"}
{"id": 18301, "species": {"value": 2034, "label": "Juglans nigra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "224225", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Coiled and charred twig bark and old bark applied in water for snake bite.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 224225"}
{"id": 19673, "species": {"value": 2102, "label": "Larrea tridentata var. tridentata"}, "tribe": {"value": 188, "label": "Papago"}, "source": {"value": 27, "label": "cu35"}, "pageno": "65", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 114, "label": "Snake Bite Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of chewed leaves placed on snakebites, insect bites and sores.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 65"}