{"id": 15, "species": {"value": 1, "label": "Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes"}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"}
{"id": 166, "species": {"value": 5, "label": "Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl."}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"}
{"id": 817, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 92, "label": "Hesquiat"}, "source": {"value": 41, "label": "te82"}, "pageno": "61", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Leaves chewed and the juice swallowed for internal organs.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 61"}
{"id": 2543, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "98", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark, western hemlock and grand fir barks taken for undiagnosed internal injuries.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98"}
{"id": 3264, "species": {"value": 236, "label": "Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth."}, "tribe": {"value": 121, "label": "Kwakiutl"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "278", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of flowers taken for internal disorders.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"}
{"id": 5897, "species": {"value": 416, "label": "Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara"}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 3, "label": "g83"}, "pageno": "261", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Root juice taken for internal healing.", "rawsource": "Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 261"}
{"id": 8975, "species": {"value": 843, "label": "Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin"}, "tribe": {"value": 106, "label": "Kawaiisu"}, "source": {"value": 60, "label": "z81"}, "pageno": "18", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots used for internal ills.", "rawsource": "Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 18"}
{"id": 9289, "species": {"value": 882, "label": "Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium"}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "389", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken for internal injuries from lifting.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 389"}
{"id": 12605, "species": {"value": 1317, "label": "Dirca palustris L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 7, "label": "h77"}, "pageno": "388", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Root used for internal inflammation.", "rawsource": "Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 388"}
{"id": 16926, "species": {"value": 1851, "label": "Heracleum maximum Bartr."}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "56", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of roots taken to kill all the internal germs.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 56"}
{"id": 18730, "species": {"value": 2058, "label": "Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 257, "label": "Tewa"}, "source": {"value": 61, "label": "rhf16"}, "pageno": "39, 40", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Berries eaten or decoction of berries used 'for every kind of internal chill.'", "rawsource": "Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 39, 40"}
{"id": 20216, "species": {"value": 2177, "label": "Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "64", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Roots used as a good general internal medicine.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"}
{"id": 21012, "species": {"value": 2246, "label": "Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "89", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Seeds swallowed for internal complaints.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 89"}
{"id": 21725, "species": {"value": 2348, "label": "Machaeranthera gracilis (Nutt.) Shinners"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "47", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken for internal injury.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 47"}
{"id": 22240, "species": {"value": 2391, "label": "Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 3, "label": "g83"}, "pageno": "268", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Bark used for any internal ailment.", "rawsource": "Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268"}
{"id": 22241, "species": {"value": 2391, "label": "Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 3, "label": "g83"}, "pageno": "268", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Bark used for internal organs.", "rawsource": "Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268"}
{"id": 25603, "species": {"value": 2765, "label": "Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "202", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction or infusion of plant used for internal ailments.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 202"}
{"id": 25654, "species": {"value": 2770, "label": "Pedicularis canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "247", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken for internal swelling and poultice applied for external swelling.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 247"}
{"id": 25662, "species": {"value": 2770, "label": "Pedicularis canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "83", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Root used by Prairie Potawatomi for both internal and external swellings.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 83"}
{"id": 26884, "species": {"value": 2934, "label": "Picea glauca (Moench) Voss"}, "tribe": {"value": 7, "label": "Algonquin, Quebec"}, "source": {"value": 67, "label": "b80"}, "pageno": "126", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of branch tips taken to 'heal the insides.'", "rawsource": "Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 126"}
{"id": 26973, "species": {"value": 2934, "label": "Picea glauca (Moench) Voss"}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "45", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of inner bark taken for 'inward troubles for either man or woman.'", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"}
{"id": 27047, "species": {"value": 2935, "label": "Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P."}, "tribe": {"value": 7, "label": "Algonquin, Quebec"}, "source": {"value": 67, "label": "b80"}, "pageno": "127", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of branch tips used for 'healing the insides.'", "rawsource": "Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 127"}
{"id": 28352, "species": {"value": 2994, "label": "Plagiomnium insigne (Mitt.) Koponen"}, "tribe": {"value": 181, "label": "Oweekeno"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "52", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant dried, chewed for the juice and swallowed for internal ailments.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 52"}
{"id": 29856, "species": {"value": 3133, "label": "Potentilla recta L."}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "127", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves taken for all types of internal troubles.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"}
{"id": 33004, "species": {"value": 3347, "label": "Rhus glabra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "149", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of plant used after internal surgery, to make the wounds heal faster.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 149"}
{"id": 34812, "species": {"value": 3463, "label": "Rubus parviflorus Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 121, "label": "Kwakiutl"}, "source": {"value": 63, "label": "tb73"}, "pageno": "291", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Dried, powdered leaves eaten for internal disorders.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 291"}
{"id": 37955, "species": {"value": 3666, "label": "Sidalcea neomexicana Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "36", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of plant taken for internal injury.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 36"}
{"id": 39196, "species": {"value": 3874, "label": "Symphyotrichum praealtum var. praealtum"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "48", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Cold infusion of whole plant used for internal injury.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 48"}
{"id": 39462, "species": {"value": 3902, "label": "Taxus brevifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 85, "label": "Haihais"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "319", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of wood and bark used for internal ailments.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 319"}
{"id": 39491, "species": {"value": 3902, "label": "Taxus brevifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 112, "label": "Kitasoo"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "319", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of wood and bark used for internal ailments.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 319"}
{"id": 39568, "species": {"value": 3902, "label": "Taxus brevifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 267, "label": "Tsimshian"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "187", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Plant used for internal ailments.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 187"}
{"id": 40506, "species": {"value": 3979, "label": "Tradescantia occidentalis (Britt.) Smyth"}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "20", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of root taken for internal injury.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 20"}
{"id": 40937, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 21, "label": "Bella Coola"}, "source": {"value": 9, "label": "s29"}, "pageno": "51", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Moxa of twigs applied to the skin for 'various internal ailments.'", "rawsource": "Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"}
{"id": 40938, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 21, "label": "Bella Coola"}, "source": {"value": 53, "label": "t73"}, "pageno": "198", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Twigs burned and used to cauterize the skin for internal ailments.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198"}
{"id": 41029, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant taken for internal injury.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"}
{"id": 41037, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "74", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark, grand fir and red alder barks taken for internal injuries.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"}
{"id": 41093, "species": {"value": 4044, "label": "Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr."}, "tribe": {"value": 21, "label": "Bella Coola"}, "source": {"value": 9, "label": "s29"}, "pageno": "51", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 110, "label": "Internal Medicine"}, "notes": "Moxa of twigs applied to the skin for 'various internal ailments.'", "rawsource": "Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"}