{"id": 662, "species": {"value": 34, "label": "Acer saccharinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "100", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Twigs and bark made into a black dye and used to color tanned hides.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 100"}
{"id": 666, "species": {"value": 34, "label": "Acer saccharinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 280, "label": "Winnebago"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "100", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Twigs and bark made into a black dye and used to color tanned hides. The twigs and bark of new growth were boiled with water.  A clay which contained iron was mixed with grease and then roasted; then it was mixed with the boiled twig and bark water.  Tanned hides were soaked in this solution for two or three days to get the right color; treatment for a shorter period of time resulted in a brownish color and for a longer time resulted in black.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 100"}
{"id": 26546, "species": {"value": 2898, "label": "Phoradendron sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "101", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Leaves used to dye basket weeds permanently black.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 101"}
{"id": 2086, "species": {"value": 140, "label": "Allium cepa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 116, "label": "r45i"}, "pageno": "104", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 121, "label": "Green"}, "notes": "Bulb peelings used as a green dye for wool.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 104"}
{"id": 2087, "species": {"value": 140, "label": "Allium cepa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 100, "label": "Iroquois"}, "source": {"value": 116, "label": "r45i"}, "pageno": "104", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Bulb peelings used as a yellow dye for wool.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 104"}
{"id": 15656, "species": {"value": 1703, "label": "Gaultheria shallon Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "104", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves used as a greenish-yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 104"}
{"id": 24669, "species": {"value": 2661, "label": "Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "104", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 105, "label": "Mordant"}, "notes": "Mucilaginous stem juice used to fix the colors painted on hides or receptacles made from hides. Freshly peeled stems were rubbed over the painted object to fix the color.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 104"}
{"id": 24684, "species": {"value": 2661, "label": "Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf."}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "104", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 105, "label": "Mordant"}, "notes": "Mucilaginous stem juice used to fix the colors painted on hides or receptacles made from hides. Freshly peeled stems were rubbed over the painted object to fix the color.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 104"}
{"id": 6432, "species": {"value": 459, "label": "Aster sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "109", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Flowers rubbed by children on bouncing arrows for color.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 109"}
{"id": 18700, "species": {"value": 2058, "label": "Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "11", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Needle ashes burned on rocks or in a pan and used as an ingredient for buckskin dye.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11"}
{"id": 11791, "species": {"value": 1174, "label": "Cuscuta compacta Juss. ex Choisy"}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "110", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 193, "label": "Orange"}, "notes": "Boiled vines used as an orange dye.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 110"}
{"id": 8532, "species": {"value": 797, "label": "Castilleja sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "111", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Flowers rubbed by children on bouncing arrows for color and shine.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 111"}
{"id": 8533, "species": {"value": 797, "label": "Castilleja sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "111", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Flowers used as a yellow dye for arrow feathers.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 111"}
{"id": 12282, "species": {"value": 1247, "label": "Delphinium bicolor Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "112", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 55, "label": "Blue"}, "notes": "Flowers used as a light blue dye for quills.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 112"}
{"id": 13290, "species": {"value": 1421, "label": "Equisetum arvense L."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "112", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Crushed stems used as a light pink dye for porcupine quills.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 112"}
{"id": 14648, "species": {"value": 1599, "label": "Evernia vulpina (L.) Acharius"}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "113", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Plant pieces used as a yellow dye for porcupine quills.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 113"}
{"id": 10676, "species": {"value": 1072, "label": "Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 170, "label": "j35"}, "pageno": "114", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Roots boiled to obtain a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 114"}
{"id": 23568, "species": {"value": 2557, "label": "Myrica gale L."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 170, "label": "j35"}, "pageno": "114", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Seeds boiled to obtain a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 114"}
{"id": 37049, "species": {"value": 3572, "label": "Sanguinaria canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 170, "label": "j35"}, "pageno": "114", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Roots boiled to obtain a red dye.", "rawsource": "Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 114"}
{"id": 24994, "species": {"value": 2697, "label": "Osmorhiza occidentalis (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "115", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Stems mixed with ochre and applied to robes.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 115"}
{"id": 2378, "species": {"value": 168, "label": "Alnus incana (L.) Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 150, "label": "Brown"}, "notes": "Bark used to obtain a brown dye.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116"}
{"id": 2379, "species": {"value": 168, "label": "Alnus incana (L.) Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Bark used to obtain a red dye.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116"}
{"id": 17781, "species": {"value": 1981, "label": "Impatiens capensis Meerb."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 193, "label": "Orange"}, "notes": "Material placed in pot of boiling plant juice to dye it orange.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116"}
{"id": 17782, "species": {"value": 1981, "label": "Impatiens capensis Meerb."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Material placed in pot of boiling plant juice to dye it yellow.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 116"}
{"id": 26451, "species": {"value": 2883, "label": "Phlox hoodii Richards."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "116", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Plant used to make a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 116"}
{"id": 9483, "species": {"value": 898, "label": "Chenopodium capitatum (L.) Ambrosi"}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "117", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Fruit heads used as rouge to paint on clan marks or to heighten the color of cheeks and lips.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117"}
{"id": 12648, "species": {"value": 1323, "label": "Dodecatheon pulchellum ssp. pulchellum"}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "117", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Flowers mashed and smeared on arrows to color them pink.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"}
{"id": 18228, "species": {"value": 2032, "label": "Juglans hindsii (Jepson) Jepson ex R.E. Sm."}, "tribe": {"value": 202, "label": "Pomo, Kashaya"}, "source": {"value": 40, "label": "gl80"}, "pageno": "117", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Nut husk used in dying bulrush root a black color for making basket design.", "rawsource": "Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 117"}
{"id": 35143, "species": {"value": 3476, "label": "Rudbeckia hirta L."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "117", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Disk florets boiled with rushes to dye them yellow. Rushes used to make woven mats.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117"}
{"id": 2325, "species": {"value": 168, "label": "Alnus incana (L.) Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 8, "label": "Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule"}, "source": {"value": 113, "label": "ray45"}, "pageno": "119", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Inner bark used to make yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 119"}
{"id": 12299, "species": {"value": 1254, "label": "Delphinium nuttallianum Pritz ex Walp."}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "119", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 55, "label": "Blue"}, "notes": "Flowers used to make a blue stain for coloring arrows and other items.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"}
{"id": 14649, "species": {"value": 1599, "label": "Evernia vulpina (L.) Acharius"}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "12", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Used for making clothing, bedding, yellow dye and yellow paint.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"}
{"id": 27652, "species": {"value": 2959, "label": "Pinus edulis Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "12", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Resin used as an ingredient of black dye for wool or basketry.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 12"}
{"id": 19842, "species": {"value": 2125, "label": "Ledum groenlandicum Oeder"}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "120", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 150, "label": "Brown"}, "notes": "Leaves used to make a beverage and also used as a brown dye material.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120"}
{"id": 32393, "species": {"value": 3285, "label": "Quercus rubra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "120", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 127, "label": "Red-Brown"}, "notes": "Rushes gathered for mat weaving and boiled with bark to impart a brownish red dye.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120"}
{"id": 10419, "species": {"value": 1033, "label": "Clintonia uniflora (Menzies ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Kunth"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "121", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Mashed, blue, berry like fruits used as a dye or stain. Large quantities of the fruits had to be used in order for the dye or stain to be effective.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121"}
{"id": 17295, "species": {"value": 1901, "label": "Hoita macrostachya (DC.) Rydb."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "121", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Roots boiled with basket weeds as a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121"}
{"id": 37060, "species": {"value": 3572, "label": "Sanguinaria canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "121", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Root used as facial paint to put on clan and identification marks.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121"}
{"id": 10681, "species": {"value": 1072, "label": "Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "122", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Roots cooked with the cloth to dye an indelible yellow.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 122"}
{"id": 34778, "species": {"value": 3463, "label": "Rubus parviflorus Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "122", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Berries used to dye tanned robes.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 122"}
{"id": 16772, "species": {"value": 1850, "label": "Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa (Pursh) Steyermark"}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "123", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots used to make a dye for mats and baskets.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 123"}
{"id": 32704, "species": {"value": 3314, "label": "Ranunculus pensylvanicus L. f."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "123", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Entire plant boiled with rushes or flags to dye them yellow; used to make mats or baskets.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 123"}
{"id": 35914, "species": {"value": 3534, "label": "Salix interior Rowlee"}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "123", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Willow and some other species of willow used for a scarlet dye.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 123"}
{"id": 39822, "species": {"value": 3945, "label": "Thermopsis rhombifolia (Nutt. ex Pursh) Nutt. ex Richards."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "123", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Yellow petals rubbed on arrow shafts for coloring.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123"}
{"id": 43245, "species": {"value": 4150, "label": "Viola adunca Sm."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 26, "label": "h74"}, "pageno": "123", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 55, "label": "Blue"}, "notes": "Plant used to dye arrows blue.", "rawsource": "Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123"}
{"id": 18184, "species": {"value": 2031, "label": "Juglans cinerea L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "127", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 150, "label": "Brown"}, "notes": "Root bark used to make a brown dye which did not need a mordant.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 127"}
{"id": 18257, "species": {"value": 2034, "label": "Juglans nigra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "127", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Bark used to make a black dye.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 127"}
{"id": 18258, "species": {"value": 2034, "label": "Juglans nigra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "127", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 150, "label": "Brown"}, "notes": "Bark used to make a dark brown dye.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 127"}
{"id": 2335, "species": {"value": 168, "label": "Alnus incana (L.) Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "128", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Bark boiled to make a bright red dye.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 128"}
{"id": 18236, "species": {"value": 2033, "label": "Juglans major (Torr.) Heller"}, "tribe": {"value": 97, "label": "Hualapai"}, "source": {"value": 127, "label": "w82"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Nut shells boiled and used as a dye.", "rawsource": "Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 13"}
{"id": 10642, "species": {"value": 1072, "label": "Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "130", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Roots used to make a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 130"}
{"id": 1226, "species": {"value": 55, "label": "Acorus calamus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "131", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 105, "label": "Mordant"}, "notes": "Plant used with bloodroot as a mordant in dyeing.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 131"}
{"id": 36946, "species": {"value": 3572, "label": "Sanguinaria canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "131", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Roots dug in the fall and used to make a red dye.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 131"}
{"id": 32923, "species": {"value": 3347, "label": "Rhus glabra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "135", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Fruit used to make a dull, red dye.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 135"}
{"id": 36635, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "138", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Berry juice used as a black dye for basket materials.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138"}
{"id": 36636, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "138", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 193, "label": "Orange"}, "notes": "Stems used to make a orange dye.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138"}
{"id": 36637, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "138", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 161, "label": "Purple"}, "notes": "Berry juice used as a purple dye for basket materials.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138"}
{"id": 36638, "species": {"value": 3566, "label": "Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli"}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "138", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Stems used to make a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138"}
{"id": 15241, "species": {"value": 1659, "label": "Fraxinus nigra Marsh."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "139", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 55, "label": "Blue"}, "notes": "Bark used to make a blue dye in a manner similar to that of blue ash.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 139"}
{"id": 25841, "species": {"value": 2804, "label": "Penstemon confertus Dougl. ex Lindl."}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "139", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 55, "label": "Blue"}, "notes": "Flowers boiled and rubbed on arrows and other items to give them a blue, indelible coloring.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"}
{"id": 25932, "species": {"value": 2818, "label": "Penstemon pruinosus Dougl. ex Lindl."}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "139", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 55, "label": "Blue"}, "notes": "Flowers boiled and rubbed on arrows and other items to give them a blue, indelible coloring.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"}
{"id": 6401, "species": {"value": 452, "label": "Asplenium horridum Kaulfuss"}, "tribe": {"value": 90, "label": "Hawaiian"}, "source": {"value": 68, "label": "a22"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Juice used as a red dye.", "rawsource": "Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 14"}
{"id": 20577, "species": {"value": 2216, "label": "Lithospermum incisum Lehm."}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 161, "label": "Purple"}, "notes": "Root used to produce a violet colored dye.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"}
{"id": 24179, "species": {"value": 2602, "label": "Nyssa aquatica L."}, "tribe": {"value": 39, "label": "Choctaw"}, "source": {"value": 118, "label": "bd09"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Burned bark and red oak ash added to water and used as a red dye.", "rawsource": "Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 14"}
{"id": 32519, "species": {"value": 3291, "label": "Quercus texana Buckl."}, "tribe": {"value": 39, "label": "Choctaw"}, "source": {"value": 118, "label": "bd09"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Burned bark and black gum ash added to water and used as a red dye.", "rawsource": "Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 14"}
{"id": 35250, "species": {"value": 3485, "label": "Rumex crispus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 39, "label": "Choctaw"}, "source": {"value": 118, "label": "bd09"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Pounded, dry roots boiled and used as a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 14"}
{"id": 40456, "species": {"value": 3972, "label": "Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene"}, "tribe": {"value": 200, "label": "Pomo"}, "source": {"value": 80, "label": "g67"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Ashes rubbed on children to make skin color darker. The ashes were rubbed on those children who were fathered by a white man to make them look more 'Indian' in color.", "rawsource": "Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14"}
{"id": 40457, "species": {"value": 3972, "label": "Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene"}, "tribe": {"value": 200, "label": "Pomo"}, "source": {"value": 80, "label": "g67"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Charcoal or soot used for tattoo pigment.", "rawsource": "Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14"}
{"id": 38255, "species": {"value": 3718, "label": "Solanum douglasii Dunal"}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "140", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Dark berries used as a dye.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 140"}
{"id": 39025, "species": {"value": 3847, "label": "Suaeda sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "141", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Plants boiled in water and used as a black dye for palm mats.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 141"}
{"id": 33135, "species": {"value": 3352, "label": "Rhus trilobata Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 97, "label": "Hualapai"}, "source": {"value": 127, "label": "w82"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots boiled and used to make a dye.", "rawsource": "Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 15"}
{"id": 39779, "species": {"value": 3934, "label": "Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze"}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 72, "label": "f96"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 127, "label": "Red-Brown"}, "notes": "Flowers used as a reddish brown dye for basket making yucca fibers.", "rawsource": "Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 15"}
{"id": 2412, "species": {"value": 170, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "155", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 127, "label": "Red-Brown"}, "notes": "Bark used to dye deerskin and other skins a reddish brown.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155"}
{"id": 8467, "species": {"value": 787, "label": "Castilleja integra Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "156", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Root bark used with other substances to color various kinds of skins, especially deer skin.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156"}
{"id": 8500, "species": {"value": 790, "label": "Castilleja miniata Dougl. ex Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "156", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Root bark used with other substances to color various kinds of skins, especially deer skin.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156"}
{"id": 8520, "species": {"value": 792, "label": "Castilleja minor (Gray) Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "156", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Root bark used with other substances to color various kinds of skins, especially deer skin.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156"}
{"id": 8522, "species": {"value": 794, "label": "Castilleja parviflora Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "156", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Root bark used with other substances to color various kinds of skins, especially deer skin.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156"}
{"id": 10727, "species": {"value": 1083, "label": "Coreopsis tinctoria var. tinctoria"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "156", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Used as a dark, rich red dye.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156"}
{"id": 13600, "species": {"value": 1450, "label": "Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. bigelovii (Gray) Nesom & Baird"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "156", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Blossoms used as a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156"}
{"id": 2592, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 266, "label": "Tolowa"}, "source": {"value": 70, "label": "b81"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bark used to dye fibers.", "rawsource": "Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16"}
{"id": 2595, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 289, "label": "Yurok"}, "source": {"value": 70, "label": "b81"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bark used to dye fibers.", "rawsource": "Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16"}
{"id": 21503, "species": {"value": 2322, "label": "Lycopodium complanatum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 23, "label": "Blackfoot"}, "source": {"value": 146, "label": "j87"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 105, "label": "Mordant"}, "notes": "Whole plant used as a mordant to set certain dyes.", "rawsource": "Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 16"}
{"id": 31335, "species": {"value": 3204, "label": "Psilostrophe tagetina (Nutt.) Greene"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "160", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Blossoms used to make a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160"}
{"id": 2737, "species": {"value": 188, "label": "Amaranthus cruentus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 126, "label": "vest40"}, "pageno": "162", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Flowers used to color bread red for certain dances.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 162"}
{"id": 2738, "species": {"value": 188, "label": "Amaranthus cruentus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 126, "label": "vest40"}, "pageno": "162", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Flowers used to color bread red for certain dances.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 162"}
{"id": 8250, "species": {"value": 760, "label": "Carthamus tinctorius L."}, "tribe": {"value": 95, "label": "Hopi"}, "source": {"value": 126, "label": "vest40"}, "pageno": "167", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Flowers used to color bread yellow for certain dances.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 167"}
{"id": 19111, "species": {"value": 2063, "label": "Juniperus sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bark, berries and twigs used for dye purposes.", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"}
{"id": 40945, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 31, "label": "Chehalis"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Inner bark made into a dye and used on fish nets to make them invisible to fish and attract them.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"}
{"id": 41007, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 114, "label": "Klallam"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 127, "label": "Red-Brown"}, "notes": "Bark boiled and used as a red-brown dye.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"}
{"id": 41030, "species": {"value": 4043, "label": "Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 127, "label": "Red-Brown"}, "notes": "Inner bark pounded, boiled and used as a red-brown dye.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"}
{"id": 35246, "species": {"value": 3485, "label": "Rumex crispus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "172", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Leaves and stems boiled and used as a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 172"}
{"id": 35491, "species": {"value": 3496, "label": "Rumex venosus Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "172", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Roots and dried leaves boiled and used as a red dye.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 172"}
{"id": 35493, "species": {"value": 3496, "label": "Rumex venosus Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 33, "label": "Cheyenne"}, "source": {"value": 39, "label": "g72"}, "pageno": "172", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Roots and dried leaves boiled and used as a yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 172"}
{"id": 21987, "species": {"value": 2376, "label": "Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don"}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "18", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Bark shredded, boiled and used as a brilliant yellow dye.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 18"}
{"id": 21875, "species": {"value": 2370, "label": "Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "187", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Outer bark boiled to make a bright yellow dye used for basket materials.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187"}
{"id": 21934, "species": {"value": 2374, "label": "Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "187", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 72, "label": "Yellow"}, "notes": "Root bark boiled to make a bright yellow dye used for basket materials.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187"}
{"id": 2588, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "188", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 150, "label": "Brown"}, "notes": "Bark boiled in water to make a brown dye and used for mountain goat wool, cloth and other items.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188"}
{"id": 2589, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "188", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 136, "label": "Red"}, "notes": "Bark boiled in water to make a red dye and used for mountain goat wool, cloth and other items. The dye was used to color mountain goat wool and other cloth and to deepen the color of basket materials such as bitter cherry bark.  Skins were tanned and dyed simultaneously by soaking them in a cooled solution of the bark.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188"}
{"id": 2651, "species": {"value": 176, "label": "Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill"}, "tribe": {"value": 71, "label": "Eskimo, Inuktitut"}, "source": {"value": 64, "label": "w78"}, "pageno": "188", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 127, "label": "Red-Brown"}, "notes": "Bark used to make a red tan dye.", "rawsource": "Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188"}
{"id": 13194, "species": {"value": 1407, "label": "Ephedra viridis Coville"}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 121, "label": "l86"}, "pageno": "19", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 150, "label": "Brown"}, "notes": "Twigs and leaves boiled with alum and used as a light tan dye.", "rawsource": "Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 19"}