{"id": 1599, "species": {"value": 72, "label": "Adiantum sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 199, "label": "Poliklah"}, "source": {"value": 109, "label": "m66"}, "pageno": "170", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Stems used to make the designs on baskets.", "rawsource": "Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 170"}
{"id": 1600, "species": {"value": 72, "label": "Adiantum sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 281, "label": "Wintoon"}, "source": {"value": 109, "label": "m66"}, "pageno": "264", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Used to make designs on baskets.", "rawsource": "Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264"}
{"id": 1626, "species": {"value": 74, "label": "Aesculus flava Ait."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 91, "label": "Building Material"}, "notes": "Wood used for lumber.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"}
{"id": 1627, "species": {"value": 74, "label": "Aesculus flava Ait."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 109, "label": "Furniture"}, "notes": "Wood used to make baby cradles.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"}
{"id": 1734, "species": {"value": 89, "label": "Agave americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 188, "label": "Papago"}, "source": {"value": 27, "label": "cu35"}, "pageno": "51", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 93, "label": "Brushes & Brooms"}, "notes": "Bundles of fibers used as combination brushes and combs for hair.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 51"}
{"id": 1735, "species": {"value": 89, "label": "Agave americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 188, "label": "Papago"}, "source": {"value": 27, "label": "cu35"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 91, "label": "Building Material"}, "notes": "Leaves split and used for the weft of wrapped weaving in house frames.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 53"}
{"id": 1755, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Pounded leaves dried and made into cactus bags.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31"}
{"id": 1756, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Pounded leaves dried and made into shoes, sandals and women's skirts.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31"}
{"id": 1757, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Pounded leaves dried and made into nets used for baby cradles.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31"}
{"id": 1758, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Pounded leaves dried and made into nets, slings and cordage.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31"}
{"id": 1759, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 124, "label": "Scouring Material"}, "notes": "Pounded leaves dried and made into cleaning brushes for cooking water.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31"}
{"id": 1776, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 11, "label": "c49"}, "pageno": "48", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Dead leaves cut, beaten, and fibers twined into cords or rope.", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 48"}
{"id": 1782, "species": {"value": 92, "label": "Agave lechuguilla Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 188, "label": "Papago"}, "source": {"value": 27, "label": "cu35"}, "pageno": "61", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Leaves used to make rough cordage.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 61"}
{"id": 1784, "species": {"value": 92, "label": "Agave lechuguilla Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 58, "label": "bc41"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 93, "label": "Brushes & Brooms"}, "notes": "Fiber used to make hair brushes.", "rawsource": "Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 50"}
{"id": 1785, "species": {"value": 93, "label": "Agave palmeri Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 14, "label": "Apache, Western"}, "source": {"value": 87, "label": "b86"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Thorn used as needle and thread.", "rawsource": "Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache:  Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169"}
{"id": 1807, "species": {"value": 94, "label": "Agave parryi Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 14, "label": "Apache, Western"}, "source": {"value": 87, "label": "b86"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Thorn used as needle and thread.", "rawsource": "Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache:  Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169"}
{"id": 1808, "species": {"value": 94, "label": "Agave parryi Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 14, "label": "Apache, Western"}, "source": {"value": 87, "label": "b86"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Thorn used as needle and thread.", "rawsource": "Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache:  Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169"}
{"id": 1846, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 97, "label": "Hualapai"}, "source": {"value": 127, "label": "w82"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Cut, split leaves used to make sandals.", "rawsource": "Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 55"}
{"id": 1847, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 97, "label": "Hualapai"}, "source": {"value": 127, "label": "w82"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Cut, split leaves used to make rope.", "rawsource": "Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 55"}
{"id": 1848, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 97, "label": "Hualapai"}, "source": {"value": 127, "label": "w82"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Cut, split leaves used to make cradle mats.", "rawsource": "Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 55"}
{"id": 1853, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 195, "label": "b65"}, "pageno": "94", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Plant fibers used to make rope.", "rawsource": "Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"}
{"id": 1863, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 284, "label": "Yavapai"}, "source": {"value": 48, "label": "g36"}, "pageno": "259", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 93, "label": "Brushes & Brooms"}, "notes": "Grass stem brush used to transfer excess mescal juice from dish to slab.", "rawsource": "Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259"}
{"id": 1867, "species": {"value": 97, "label": "Agave utahensis Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "212", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 93, "label": "Brushes & Brooms"}, "notes": "Used to make brushes for the hair and for cleaning grinding stones. To make the brushes, the dried matter of a dead and rotten leaf was knocked free from the fibers, which were then bent in two.  The upper end of this brush was wrapped with a cord and the bent portion was covered with buckskin or cloth.  The loose fibers were cut to the right length and hardened by burning the ends.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 212"}
{"id": 1870, "species": {"value": 97, "label": "Agave utahensis Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "37", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Fibers used to make blankets.", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"}
{"id": 1944, "species": {"value": 114, "label": "Alaria marginata Postels & Ruprecht"}, "tribe": {"value": 92, "label": "Hesquiat"}, "source": {"value": 41, "label": "te82"}, "pageno": "24", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 170, "label": "Sporting Equipment"}, "notes": "Dried stipes use as 'pucks' and hitting sticks. The dried stipes were used to play a beach game, something like hockey.  This game was played in winter on the beach in front of the village.  Large quantities of this seaweed drift ashore at this time.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 24"}
{"id": 1958, "species": {"value": 122, "label": "Alectoria sarmentosa (L.) Ach."}, "tribe": {"value": 88, "label": "Hanaksiala"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "144", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Plant used as mattresses at seasonal camps.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 144"}
{"id": 1960, "species": {"value": 122, "label": "Alectoria sarmentosa (L.) Ach."}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Used for baby diapers and female sanitary napkins.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"}
{"id": 2346, "species": {"value": 168, "label": "Alnus incana (L.) Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 94, "label": "Caulking Material"}, "notes": "Wood charcoal mixed with pitch and used for sealing canoe seams.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"}
{"id": 2347, "species": {"value": 168, "label": "Alnus incana (L.) Moench"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark applied to toboggan boards to soften them for bending.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"}
{"id": 2403, "species": {"value": 169, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (Du Roi) Clausen"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 94, "label": "Caulking Material"}, "notes": "Wood charcoal mixed with pitch and used for sealing canoe seams.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"}
{"id": 2404, "species": {"value": 169, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (Du Roi) Clausen"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark applied to toboggan boards to soften them for bending.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"}
{"id": 2430, "species": {"value": 170, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 94, "label": "Caulking Material"}, "notes": "Wood charcoal mixed with pitch and used for sealing canoe seams.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"}
{"id": 2431, "species": {"value": 170, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark applied to toboggan boards to soften them for bending.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"}
{"id": 2454, "species": {"value": 170, "label": "Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "188", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 51, "label": "Snow Gear"}, "notes": "Wood used to make snowshoes.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188"}
{"id": 2460, "species": {"value": 171, "label": "Alnus rhombifolia Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "382", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Roots used to make baskets.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"}
{"id": 2509, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 92, "label": "Hesquiat"}, "source": {"value": 41, "label": "te82"}, "pageno": "62", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 70, "label": "Canoe Material"}, "notes": "Wood used for carved dishes and canoe bailers.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62"}
{"id": 2513, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "382", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Roots used to make baskets.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"}
{"id": 2514, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 70, "label": "b81"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Stems used in basketry.", "rawsource": "Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16"}
{"id": 2536, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 109, "label": "Furniture"}, "notes": "Wood used to make baby cradles.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"}
{"id": 2551, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 166, "label": "Nitinaht"}, "source": {"value": 101, "label": "ttco83"}, "pageno": "98", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 70, "label": "Canoe Material"}, "notes": "Wood used to make canoe bailers.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98"}
{"id": 2559, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 181, "label": "Oweekeno"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 70, "label": "Canoe Material"}, "notes": "Wood used to make tool handles, canoe bailers, masks and rattles.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 86"}
{"id": 2568, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 209, "label": "Quileute"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 70, "label": "Canoe Material"}, "notes": "Green wood seasoned and used to make canoe paddles.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"}
{"id": 2593, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 266, "label": "Tolowa"}, "source": {"value": 70, "label": "b81"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Stems used in basketry.", "rawsource": "Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16"}
{"id": 2596, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 289, "label": "Yurok"}, "source": {"value": 70, "label": "b81"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Stems used in basketry.", "rawsource": "Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16"}
{"id": 2665, "species": {"value": 176, "label": "Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill"}, "tribe": {"value": 255, "label": "Tanana, Upper"}, "source": {"value": 36, "label": "k85"}, "pageno": "5", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Branches with leaves used for steambath switches and as a floor covering in the steambath.", "rawsource": "Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 5"}
{"id": 2945, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 58, "label": "Cree, Woodlands"}, "source": {"value": 47, "label": "l85"}, "pageno": "28", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Stems used to make rims for birch bark baskets.", "rawsource": "Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28"}
{"id": 2959, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "361", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Used for basketry.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 361"}
{"id": 2960, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "361", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 109, "label": "Furniture"}, "notes": "Used for cradle frameworks.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 361"}
{"id": 2968, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "385", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Twigs and stems used to reinforce the rims of basket hoppers for pounding acorns.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"}
{"id": 2969, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "385", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Wood used as stiffening for baskets or for making handles.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"}
{"id": 2985, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 132, "label": "Maidu"}, "source": {"value": 162, "label": "sk58"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Withes used to make basket rims.", "rawsource": "Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"}
{"id": 3006, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "120", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Young branches twisted into rope.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"}
{"id": 3132, "species": {"value": 212, "label": "Amelanchier pallida Greene"}, "tribe": {"value": 202, "label": "Pomo, Kashaya"}, "source": {"value": 40, "label": "gl80"}, "pageno": "104", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 91, "label": "Building Material"}, "notes": "Stems and foliage used to thatch inland houses.", "rawsource": "Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 104"}
{"id": 3155, "species": {"value": 216, "label": "Amelanchier utahensis Koehne"}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "222", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Wood used to make basket rims.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 222"}
{"id": 3156, "species": {"value": 216, "label": "Amelanchier utahensis Koehne"}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "222", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 109, "label": "Furniture"}, "notes": "Wood used to make cradle boards.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 222"}
{"id": 3194, "species": {"value": 222, "label": "Amorpha fruticosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Long stems used as a foundation for bedding material.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 31"}
{"id": 3195, "species": {"value": 222, "label": "Amorpha fruticosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Long stems used as a foundation for bedding material.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 31"}
{"id": 3196, "species": {"value": 222, "label": "Amorpha fruticosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Long stems used as a foundation for bedding material.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 31"}
{"id": 3303, "species": {"value": 240, "label": "Andropogon gerardii Vitman"}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "68", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 91, "label": "Building Material"}, "notes": "Grass used on poles to support earth coverings of lodges.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 68"}
{"id": 3305, "species": {"value": 240, "label": "Andropogon gerardii Vitman"}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "68", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 91, "label": "Building Material"}, "notes": "Grass used on poles to support earth coverings of lodges.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 68"}
{"id": 3672, "species": {"value": 284, "label": "Anthoxanthum odoratum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 1, "label": "Abnaki"}, "source": {"value": 84, "label": "r47"}, "pageno": "175", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Used to make baskets.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 175"}
{"id": 3675, "species": {"value": 284, "label": "Anthoxanthum odoratum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 20, "label": "smith32"}, "pageno": "419", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Grass used to make baskets.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 419"}
{"id": 3677, "species": {"value": 284, "label": "Anthoxanthum odoratum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "120", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 43, "label": "Basketry"}, "notes": "Used to make baskets.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120"}
{"id": 3678, "species": {"value": 284, "label": "Anthoxanthum odoratum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "120", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Used to sew buckskin when making moccasins and articles of clothing.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 120"}
{"id": 3722, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 21, "label": "Bella Coola"}, "source": {"value": 53, "label": "t73"}, "pageno": "201", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Stems dried, pounded and used to make twine.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201"}
{"id": 3737, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 80, "label": "Great Basin Indian"}, "source": {"value": 139, "label": "n66"}, "pageno": "49", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Root and branch outer fiber used to make nets, cordage and thread.", "rawsource": "Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 49"}
{"id": 3744, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "73", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Three strands of outer bark plaited into a very strong cord and cord plaited into heavier ropes.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 73"}
{"id": 3745, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "73", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Outer bark or rind used as the finest thread material.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 73"}
{"id": 3750, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "267", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Outer rind or bark used for thread.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 267"}
{"id": 3755, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "6", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Bark used as a chief source for cordage.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"}
{"id": 3763, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 173, "label": "Ojibwa"}, "source": {"value": 20, "label": "smith32"}, "pageno": "413", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Outer rind used for fine sewing. In the fall, when mature, this plant makes one of the strongest native fibers, stronger even than the cultivated hemp to which it is related.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 413"}
{"id": 3765, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "72", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Stems used to make fiber, as a substitute for Indian hemp.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"}
{"id": 3771, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 206, "label": "Potawatomi"}, "source": {"value": 43, "label": "smith33"}, "pageno": "111", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Fine divisions of bark were very strong and used as a thread for sewing on the fine beadwork.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 111"}
{"id": 3774, "species": {"value": 296, "label": "Apocynum androsaemifolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "497", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Inner bark fiber used as thread and twine for binding and tying.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 497"}
{"id": 3779, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Used for the medicinal properties and as a fibrous material.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 39"}
{"id": 3780, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 25, "label": "California Indian"}, "source": {"value": 111, "label": "m90"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Outer and inner bark used to make string.", "rawsource": "Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 60"}
{"id": 3788, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "38", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Fibers used to weave grave cloth material.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"}
{"id": 3789, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "38", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Used to make cords.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"}
{"id": 3790, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 38, "label": "Chippewa"}, "source": {"value": 15, "label": "gil33"}, "pageno": "140", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Fiber considered the best available for making fine cordage.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 140"}
{"id": 3809, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 120, "label": "Kutenai"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "12", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Used to make twine and rope.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 12"}
{"id": 3810, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 120, "label": "Kutenai"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "12", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Stalks split, dried and used as thread for sewing tipi covers.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 12"}
{"id": 3811, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 128, "label": "Luiseno"}, "source": {"value": 24, "label": "s08"}, "pageno": "202", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Bark fiber made into twine and used to make front aprons worn by women.", "rawsource": "Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202"}
{"id": 3812, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 128, "label": "Luiseno"}, "source": {"value": 24, "label": "s08"}, "pageno": "201", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Plant used to make aprons.", "rawsource": "Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 201"}
{"id": 3813, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 128, "label": "Luiseno"}, "source": {"value": 24, "label": "s08"}, "pageno": "202", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Inner bark fiber soaked in boiling water and used to make twine.", "rawsource": "Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202"}
{"id": 3822, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "378", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Inner bark formerly used to make garments.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 378"}
{"id": 3823, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "378", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Inner bark fiber used to make rope.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 378"}
{"id": 3824, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "378", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Inner bark used for making thread.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 378"}
{"id": 3830, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "267", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Outer bast fiber plaited into heavy cord and two-ply cord.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 267"}
{"id": 3831, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 139, "label": "Meskwaki"}, "source": {"value": 21, "label": "smith28"}, "pageno": "267", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Outer bast fiber used as thread.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 267"}
{"id": 3833, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 146, "label": "Modoc"}, "source": {"value": 66, "label": "c97"}, "pageno": "103", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Used as a fiber.", "rawsource": "Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 103"}
{"id": 3841, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 162, "label": "Nez Perce"}, "source": {"value": 30, "label": "h92"}, "pageno": "12", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Stalks dried, split into fibers and used to make rope.", "rawsource": "Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 12"}
{"id": 3844, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 175, "label": "Okanagan-Colville"}, "source": {"value": 32, "label": "tbk80"}, "pageno": "72", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Stems twisted and rolled into twine.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"}
{"id": 3845, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 176, "label": "Okanagon"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Inner bark used for making garments.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"}
{"id": 3846, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 176, "label": "Okanagon"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Inner bark used for making rope and twine.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"}
{"id": 3847, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 176, "label": "Okanagon"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 102, "label": "Sewing Material"}, "notes": "Inner bark used for making thread.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"}
{"id": 3850, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 185, "label": "Paiute, Northern"}, "source": {"value": 117, "label": "f90"}, "pageno": "75", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Stem fibers twisted and plied into cordage and nets.", "rawsource": "Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology:  Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 75"}
{"id": 3851, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 185, "label": "Paiute, Northern"}, "source": {"value": 117, "label": "f90"}, "pageno": "89", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Used as twined weft rows for mats.", "rawsource": "Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology:  Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 89"}
{"id": 3855, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Stems used to make bridle ropes, bowstrings and thread for sewing baskets and buckskin.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 57"}
{"id": 3860, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 55, "label": "p52"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Inner bark used for making garments.", "rawsource": "Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"}
{"id": 3861, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "498", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 73, "label": "Clothing"}, "notes": "Inner bark used for making garments.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 498"}