{"id": 7, "species": {"value": 1, "label": "Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes"}, "tribe": {"value": 86, "label": "Haisla"}, "source": {"value": 166, "label": "g92"}, "pageno": "151", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Cambium used for food.", "rawsource": "Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"}
{"id": 14, "species": {"value": 1, "label": "Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes"}, "tribe": {"value": 112, "label": "Kitasoo"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "316", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Inner bark used for food.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316"}
{"id": 297, "species": {"value": 6, "label": "Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 233, "label": "Shuswap"}, "source": {"value": 92, "label": "palmer75"}, "pageno": "50", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food.", "rawsource": "Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50"}
{"id": 312, "species": {"value": 6, "label": "Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "97", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Inner bark used for food.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"}
{"id": 345, "species": {"value": 8, "label": "Abies sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "484", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Gum chewed and swallowed.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 484"}
{"id": 348, "species": {"value": 10, "label": "Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 2, "label": "Acoma"}, "source": {"value": 19, "label": "c35"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots ground, mixed with corn meal and eaten.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 39"}
{"id": 352, "species": {"value": 10, "label": "Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 124, "label": "Laguna"}, "source": {"value": 19, "label": "c35"}, "pageno": "39", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots ground, mixed with corn meal and eaten.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 39"}
{"id": 365, "species": {"value": 11, "label": "Abronia latifolia Eschsch."}, "tribe": {"value": 41, "label": "Clallam"}, "source": {"value": 99, "label": "f80"}, "pageno": "201", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots used for food.", "rawsource": "Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 201"}
{"id": 366, "species": {"value": 11, "label": "Abronia latifolia Eschsch."}, "tribe": {"value": 114, "label": "Klallam"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "29", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots used for food.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"}
{"id": 367, "species": {"value": 11, "label": "Abronia latifolia Eschsch."}, "tribe": {"value": 133, "label": "Makah"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "29", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots eaten in the fall.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"}
{"id": 390, "species": {"value": 15, "label": "Acacia greggii Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 104, "label": "r08"}, "pageno": "76", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Beans formerly used for food.", "rawsource": "Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 76"}
{"id": 413, "species": {"value": 22, "label": "Acer circinatum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 41, "label": "Clallam"}, "source": {"value": 99, "label": "f80"}, "pageno": "197", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Sap eaten fresh.", "rawsource": "Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 197"}
{"id": 480, "species": {"value": 26, "label": "Acer macrophyllum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 41, "label": "Clallam"}, "source": {"value": 99, "label": "f80"}, "pageno": "197", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Sap eaten fresh.", "rawsource": "Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 197"}
{"id": 483, "species": {"value": 26, "label": "Acer macrophyllum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 50, "label": "Costanoan"}, "source": {"value": 16, "label": "b84"}, "pageno": "248", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food.", "rawsource": "Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248"}
{"id": 513, "species": {"value": 26, "label": "Acer macrophyllum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Cambium eaten in small quantities with oil.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77"}
{"id": 528, "species": {"value": 26, "label": "Acer macrophyllum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "147", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Raw shoots used for food.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 147"}
{"id": 1095, "species": {"value": 44, "label": "Achillea sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 5, "label": "Aleut"}, "source": {"value": 194, "label": "bt51"}, "pageno": "29", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Species used for food.", "rawsource": "Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"}
{"id": 1116, "species": {"value": 46, "label": "Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "157", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157"}
{"id": 1118, "species": {"value": 46, "label": "Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth"}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "375", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds formerly used for food.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 375"}
{"id": 1134, "species": {"value": 46, "label": "Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth"}, "tribe": {"value": 151, "label": "Montana Indian"}, "source": {"value": 73, "label": "b05"}, "pageno": "11", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food.", "rawsource": "Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"}
{"id": 1141, "species": {"value": 46, "label": "Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth"}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 19, "label": "c35"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 27"}
{"id": 1154, "species": {"value": 46, "label": "Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth"}, "tribe": {"value": 291, "label": "Zuni"}, "source": {"value": 19, "label": "c35"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Used especially in earlier times as an important source of food.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 27"}
{"id": 1156, "species": {"value": 48, "label": "Achnatherum speciosum (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth"}, "tribe": {"value": 106, "label": "Kawaiisu"}, "source": {"value": 60, "label": "z81"}, "pageno": "66", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food. When ripe in June, the grass was cut off in bunches, tied together with stems of the grass and thrown over the shoulder into the carrying basket suspended on one's back.  Two procedures were used in preparing the seeds for food.  First, the grass was spread out on a flat rock, where it was allowed to dry a half day and then threshed by burning.  If the fire burned too quickly, green spear grass was added to slow it down.  The burned stalks were stirred and lifted with a green stick so that the seeds would fall out.  The seeds were gathered and winnowed by being poured from one basket to another.  Boiled, the seeds swelled 'like rice.'  A cupful would fill a pot.  Second, the grass was dried for a day or two and the seeds beaten out.  They would be boiled whole or first pounded to a meal and then cooked.", "rawsource": "Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 66"}
{"id": 1172, "species": {"value": 55, "label": "Acorus calamus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 1, "label": "Abnaki"}, "source": {"value": 84, "label": "r47"}, "pageno": "175", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots used for food.", "rawsource": "Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 175"}
{"id": 1275, "species": {"value": 55, "label": "Acorus calamus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 91, "label": "g13i"}, "pageno": "359", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Dried root chewed for the agreeable taste.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 359"}
{"id": 1308, "species": {"value": 55, "label": "Acorus calamus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 125, "label": "Lakota"}, "source": {"value": 108, "label": "r80"}, "pageno": "26", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Leaves and stalks used for food.", "rawsource": "Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 26"}
{"id": 1513, "species": {"value": 67, "label": "Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "30", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 30"}
{"id": 1523, "species": {"value": 67, "label": "Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 42, "label": "Coahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 168, "label": "b67"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food.", "rawsource": "Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77"}
{"id": 1619, "species": {"value": 73, "label": "Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 202, "label": "Pomo, Kashaya"}, "source": {"value": 40, "label": "gl80"}, "pageno": "27", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Boiled nuts eaten with baked kelp, meat and seafood. Nuts were put into boiling water to loosen the husk.  After the husk was removed, the nut meat was returned to boiling water and cooked until it was soft like cooked potatoes.  The nut meat was then mashed with a mortar stone.  The grounds could be strained at this stage or strained after soaking.  The grounds would be soaked and leached a long time to remove the poisonous tannin.  An older method was to peel the nuts and roast them in ashes until they were soft.  They were then crushed and the meal was put in a sandy leaching basin beside a stream.  For about five hours, the meal was leached with water from the stream.  When the bitterness disappeared it was ready to eat without further cooking.", "rawsource": "Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 27"}
{"id": 1623, "species": {"value": 73, "label": "Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 269, "label": "Tubatulabal"}, "source": {"value": 137, "label": "v38"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Nuts used for food.", "rawsource": "Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 15"}
{"id": 1625, "species": {"value": 73, "label": "Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 287, "label": "Yuki"}, "source": {"value": 69, "label": "c57ii"}, "pageno": "85", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Nut meats mashed and used for food.", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 85"}
{"id": 1661, "species": {"value": 81, "label": "Agaricus campestris"}, "tribe": {"value": 62, "label": "Delaware"}, "source": {"value": 97, "label": "t72"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Salted, boiled or fried in fat and used for food.", "rawsource": "Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 60"}
{"id": 1715, "species": {"value": 88, "label": "Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze"}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "374", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds formerly used for food.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 374"}
{"id": 1729, "species": {"value": 89, "label": "Agave americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "155", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Tubers pit baked and eaten.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155"}
{"id": 1737, "species": {"value": 89, "label": "Agave americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 188, "label": "Papago"}, "source": {"value": 27, "label": "cu35"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Pit baked and extensively used for food.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 16"}
{"id": 1738, "species": {"value": 89, "label": "Agave americana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 188, "label": "Papago"}, "source": {"value": 160, "label": "cb42"}, "pageno": "61", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Pit baked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"}
{"id": 1753, "species": {"value": 90, "label": "Agave decipiens Baker"}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "155", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Tubers pit baked and eaten.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155"}
{"id": 1763, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Baked leaves eaten.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31"}
{"id": 1764, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Flowers parboiled to release the bitterness and eaten.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31"}
{"id": 1765, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 24, "label": "Cahuilla"}, "source": {"value": 31, "label": "bs72"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roasted stalks used for food.", "rawsource": "Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 31"}
{"id": 1772, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 44, "label": "Cocopa"}, "source": {"value": 125, "label": "cb51"}, "pageno": "202", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Crowns gathered and pit-baked.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 202"}
{"id": 1774, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 65, "label": "Diegueno"}, "source": {"value": 85, "label": "hedges86"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots and stalks baked overnight in a pit oven and used for food.", "rawsource": "Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man  Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 13"}
{"id": 1775, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 188, "label": "Papago"}, "source": {"value": 160, "label": "cb42"}, "pageno": "61", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Pit baked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"}
{"id": 1778, "species": {"value": 91, "label": "Agave deserti Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 11, "label": "c49"}, "pageno": "48", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Heads pit baked and eaten with pinole.", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 48"}
{"id": 1793, "species": {"value": 93, "label": "Agave palmeri Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 14, "label": "Apache, Western"}, "source": {"value": 87, "label": "b86"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Crowns used for food.", "rawsource": "Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache:  Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169"}
{"id": 1798, "species": {"value": 93, "label": "Agave palmeri Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 188, "label": "Papago"}, "source": {"value": 160, "label": "cb42"}, "pageno": "61", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Pit baked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"}
{"id": 1802, "species": {"value": 94, "label": "Agave parryi Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 10, "label": "Apache"}, "source": {"value": 19, "label": "c35"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots baked and eaten.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 13"}
{"id": 1803, "species": {"value": 94, "label": "Agave parryi Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 11, "label": "Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero"}, "source": {"value": 95, "label": "co36"}, "pageno": "35", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbous crowns baked in pits, pulpy centers released, pounded into thin sheets and eaten. The Mescalero Apache were named for the food they made from mescal.  In the pits where the crowns were baked, the largest rock was placed in the center and a cross made on it from black ashes.  While the mescal baked, the women were supposed to stay away from their husbands, and if the crown was not completely roasted when removed from the pit, they were believed to have disobeyed.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 35"}
{"id": 1804, "species": {"value": 94, "label": "Agave parryi Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 11, "label": "Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero"}, "source": {"value": 95, "label": "co36"}, "pageno": "38", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Stalks roasted, boiled or eaten raw.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 38"}
{"id": 1823, "species": {"value": 94, "label": "Agave parryi Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 14, "label": "Apache, Western"}, "source": {"value": 87, "label": "b86"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Crowns used for food.", "rawsource": "Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache:  Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169"}
{"id": 1824, "species": {"value": 94, "label": "Agave parryi Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 14, "label": "Apache, Western"}, "source": {"value": 87, "label": "b86"}, "pageno": "169", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Crowns used for food.", "rawsource": "Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache:  Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 169"}
{"id": 1840, "species": {"value": 95, "label": "Agave schottii Engelm."}, "tribe": {"value": 188, "label": "Papago"}, "source": {"value": 160, "label": "cb42"}, "pageno": "61", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Pit baked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"}
{"id": 1841, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 13, "label": "Apache, San Carlos"}, "source": {"value": 174, "label": "h08"}, "pageno": "257", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Pit baked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"}
{"id": 1858, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 195, "label": "b65"}, "pageno": "94", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Heads baked and eaten.", "rawsource": "Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"}
{"id": 1859, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 195, "label": "b65"}, "pageno": "94", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Leaves boiled and eaten.", "rawsource": "Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"}
{"id": 1860, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 195, "label": "b65"}, "pageno": "94", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Young and tender flowering stalks and shoots roasted and eaten.", "rawsource": "Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"}
{"id": 1866, "species": {"value": 96, "label": "Agave sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 284, "label": "Yavapai"}, "source": {"value": 48, "label": "g36"}, "pageno": "259", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Flower stalk baked and soft, inner part used for food.", "rawsource": "Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259"}
{"id": 1904, "species": {"value": 103, "label": "Agoseris aurantiaca var. aurantiaca"}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "383", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Leaves used for food.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 383"}
{"id": 1915, "species": {"value": 108, "label": "Agoseris sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 272, "label": "Ute"}, "source": {"value": 142, "label": "c09"}, "pageno": "36", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Leaves formerly used as food.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36"}
{"id": 1942, "species": {"value": 112, "label": "Agropyron sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 65, "label": "stew33"}, "pageno": "243", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Species used for food.", "rawsource": "Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 243"}
{"id": 1943, "species": {"value": 113, "label": "Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerman"}, "tribe": {"value": 115, "label": "Klamath"}, "source": {"value": 66, "label": "c97"}, "pageno": "91", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food.", "rawsource": "Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 91"}
{"id": 1948, "species": {"value": 117, "label": "Alectoria jubata Acharius."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "482", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Plant cooked and eaten.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 482"}
{"id": 1949, "species": {"value": 118, "label": "Alectoria jubata L."}, "tribe": {"value": 47, "label": "Coeur d'Alene"}, "source": {"value": 144, "label": "teit28"}, "pageno": "91", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Formerly used for food.", "rawsource": "Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 91"}
{"id": 1950, "species": {"value": 118, "label": "Alectoria jubata L."}, "tribe": {"value": 250, "label": "Spokan"}, "source": {"value": 144, "label": "teit28"}, "pageno": "344", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Species used for food.", "rawsource": "Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 344"}
{"id": 2017, "species": {"value": 130, "label": "Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze"}, "tribe": {"value": 193, "label": "Pima"}, "source": {"value": 11, "label": "c49"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Ripe seeds winnowed, roasted, ground, water added, cooked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 69"}
{"id": 2019, "species": {"value": 130, "label": "Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze"}, "tribe": {"value": 195, "label": "Pima, Gila River"}, "source": {"value": 136, "label": "r91"}, "pageno": "7", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds used for food.", "rawsource": "Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7"}
{"id": 2022, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "360", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs eaten in spring and early summer.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"}
{"id": 2023, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 94, "label": "Hoh"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "59", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs pit baked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"}
{"id": 2024, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "380", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs relished by only old men and old women.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"}
{"id": 2026, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 153, "label": "k32"}, "pageno": "102", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs roasted and used for food.", "rawsource": "Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102"}
{"id": 2027, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 153, "label": "k32"}, "pageno": "102", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeded heads placed in hot ashes for a few minutes, seeds extracted and eaten.", "rawsource": "Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102"}
{"id": 2029, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 209, "label": "Quileute"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "59", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs pit baked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"}
{"id": 2030, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "74", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Strongly flavored bulbs eaten with other foods.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 74"}
{"id": 2032, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "117", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs dug in the spring and used for food.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 117"}
{"id": 2033, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "482", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Thick coated, spherical bulbs eaten.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 482"}
{"id": 2034, "species": {"value": 132, "label": "Allium acuminatum Hook."}, "tribe": {"value": 272, "label": "Ute"}, "source": {"value": 142, "label": "c09"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs and leaves used for food.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 32"}
{"id": 2036, "species": {"value": 133, "label": "Allium anceps Kellogg"}, "tribe": {"value": 185, "label": "Paiute, Northern"}, "source": {"value": 50, "label": "f89"}, "pageno": "44", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs roasted in the sand and eaten.", "rawsource": "Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44"}
{"id": 2037, "species": {"value": 134, "label": "Allium bisceptrum S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 15, "label": "Apache, White Mountain"}, "source": {"value": 45, "label": "r29"}, "pageno": "155", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs eaten raw and cooked.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 155"}
{"id": 2038, "species": {"value": 134, "label": "Allium bisceptrum S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 79, "label": "Gosiute"}, "source": {"value": 38, "label": "c11"}, "pageno": "360", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs eaten in spring and early summer.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"}
{"id": 2041, "species": {"value": 134, "label": "Allium bisceptrum S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 153, "label": "k32"}, "pageno": "102", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs roasted and used for food.", "rawsource": "Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102"}
{"id": 2042, "species": {"value": 134, "label": "Allium bisceptrum S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 183, "label": "Paiute"}, "source": {"value": 153, "label": "k32"}, "pageno": "102", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeded heads placed in hot ashes for a few minutes, seeds extracted and eaten.", "rawsource": "Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102"}
{"id": 2043, "species": {"value": 134, "label": "Allium bisceptrum S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 272, "label": "Ute"}, "source": {"value": 142, "label": "c09"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs and leaves used for food.", "rawsource": "Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 32"}
{"id": 2045, "species": {"value": 136, "label": "Allium bolanderi S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "380", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs relished by only old men and old women.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"}
{"id": 2046, "species": {"value": 136, "label": "Allium bolanderi S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 137, "label": "Mendocino Indian"}, "source": {"value": 89, "label": "c02"}, "pageno": "322", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Corms used for food.", "rawsource": "Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 322"}
{"id": 2065, "species": {"value": 138, "label": "Allium canadense L."}, "tribe": {"value": 138, "label": "Menominee"}, "source": {"value": 51, "label": "s23"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Small, wild onion used for food.", "rawsource": "Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 69"}
{"id": 2071, "species": {"value": 139, "label": "Allium canadense var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey"}, "tribe": {"value": 61, "label": "Dakota"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Fried bulbs used for food.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71"}
{"id": 2074, "species": {"value": 139, "label": "Allium canadense var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey"}, "tribe": {"value": 177, "label": "Omaha"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Fried bulbs used for food.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71"}
{"id": 2077, "species": {"value": 139, "label": "Allium canadense var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey"}, "tribe": {"value": 190, "label": "Pawnee"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Fried bulbs used for food.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71"}
{"id": 2080, "species": {"value": 139, "label": "Allium canadense var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey"}, "tribe": {"value": 205, "label": "Ponca"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Fried bulbs used for food.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71"}
{"id": 2083, "species": {"value": 139, "label": "Allium canadense var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey"}, "tribe": {"value": 280, "label": "Winnebago"}, "source": {"value": 17, "label": "g19"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Fried bulbs used for food.", "rawsource": "Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71"}
{"id": 2085, "species": {"value": 140, "label": "Allium cepa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 89, "label": "Havasupai"}, "source": {"value": 2, "label": "ws85"}, "pageno": "212", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs used for food.", "rawsource": "Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 212"}
{"id": 2089, "species": {"value": 140, "label": "Allium cepa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 157, "label": "Navajo"}, "source": {"value": 74, "label": "e44"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, and eaten immediately.", "rawsource": "Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31"}
{"id": 2091, "species": {"value": 140, "label": "Allium cepa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 159, "label": "Navajo, Ramah"}, "source": {"value": 18, "label": "v52"}, "pageno": "20", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Species used for food.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 20"}
{"id": 2092, "species": {"value": 140, "label": "Allium cepa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 160, "label": "Neeshenam"}, "source": {"value": 81, "label": "p74"}, "pageno": "377", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Eaten raw, roasted or boiled.", "rawsource": "Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377"}
{"id": 2093, "species": {"value": 140, "label": "Allium cepa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 181, "label": "Oweekeno"}, "source": {"value": 14, "label": "c93"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs used for food.", "rawsource": "Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 77"}
{"id": 2094, "species": {"value": 140, "label": "Allium cepa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 228, "label": "Seminole"}, "source": {"value": 88, "label": "s54"}, "pageno": "505", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Plant used for food.", "rawsource": "Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 505"}
{"id": 2102, "species": {"value": 141, "label": "Allium cernuum Roth"}, "tribe": {"value": 21, "label": "Bella Coola"}, "source": {"value": 53, "label": "t73"}, "pageno": "199", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs eaten fresh.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 199"}
{"id": 2117, "species": {"value": 141, "label": "Allium cernuum Roth"}, "tribe": {"value": 32, "label": "Cherokee"}, "source": {"value": 1, "label": "hc75"}, "pageno": "47", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs used for food.", "rawsource": "Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47"}
{"id": 2118, "species": {"value": 141, "label": "Allium cernuum Roth"}, "tribe": {"value": 41, "label": "Clallam"}, "source": {"value": 99, "label": "f80"}, "pageno": "196", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs eaten raw, cooked in pits or fried with meat.", "rawsource": "Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 196"}
{"id": 2123, "species": {"value": 141, "label": "Allium cernuum Roth"}, "tribe": {"value": 94, "label": "Hoh"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "59", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs pit baked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"}