{"id": 185, "species": {"value": 5, "label": "Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Pitch made into a salve and used for cuts and bruises.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69"}
{"id": 186, "species": {"value": 5, "label": "Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Pitch mixed with venison suet and used for psoriasis and other skin diseases.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69"}
{"id": 512, "species": {"value": 26, "label": "Acer macrophyllum Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 86, "label": "Spice"}, "notes": "Leaves used in steaming pits to flavor deer, seal or porpoise meat.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77"}
{"id": 947, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 21, "label": "Cold Remedy"}, "notes": "Young leaves chewed and juice swallowed for colds.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"}
{"id": 948, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 123, "label": "Throat Aid"}, "notes": "Young leaves chewed and juice swallowed for sore throats.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"}
{"id": 949, "species": {"value": 38, "label": "Achillea millefolium L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 71, "label": "Toothache Remedy"}, "notes": "Poultice of leaves held in the mouth for toothaches.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"}
{"id": 1107, "species": {"value": 45, "label": "Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "79", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 76, "label": "Insecticide"}, "notes": "Leaves dried and hung in houses to keep flies and mosquitos away.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 79"}
{"id": 2571, "species": {"value": 172, "label": "Alnus rubra Bong."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "79", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 69, "label": "Tonic"}, "notes": "Sap used as a tonic.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 79"}
{"id": 3027, "species": {"value": 204, "label": "Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 52, "label": "Fruit"}, "notes": "Berries eaten in late summer.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"}
{"id": 4224, "species": {"value": 322, "label": "Arbutus menziesii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "82", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 21, "label": "Cold Remedy"}, "notes": "Fresh leaves chewed and juice swallowed for bad colds.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 82"}
{"id": 4225, "species": {"value": 322, "label": "Arbutus menziesii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "82", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 231, "label": "Preservative"}, "notes": "Bark boiled and used for tanning paddles and fishhooks.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 82"}
{"id": 9306, "species": {"value": 882, "label": "Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "85", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 27, "label": "Beverage"}, "notes": "Young leaves boiled to make a refreshing tea.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 85"}
{"id": 9658, "species": {"value": 915, "label": "Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "83", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 35, "label": "Antirheumatic (External)"}, "notes": "Leaves put in bath water of sprinters and canoers as a liniment for sore muscles.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83"}
{"id": 9923, "species": {"value": 952, "label": "Cirsium brevistylum Cronq."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "81", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Large taproots peeled and eaten raw or cooked.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 81"}
{"id": 9924, "species": {"value": 952, "label": "Cirsium brevistylum Cronq."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "81", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 58, "label": "Protection"}, "notes": "Sharp leaves placed in bathwater for protection from evil spirits, particularly before feasts.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 81"}
{"id": 10387, "species": {"value": 1029, "label": "Clinopodium douglasii (Benth.) Kuntze"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 11, "label": "Blood Medicine"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves taken for the blood.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 10388, "species": {"value": 1029, "label": "Clinopodium douglasii (Benth.) Kuntze"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 27, "label": "Beverage"}, "notes": "Leaves used to make a refreshing tea.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 10917, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "81", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 338, "label": "Preservative"}, "notes": "Bark used to tan articles like cedar bark bailers.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 81"}
{"id": 11126, "species": {"value": 1102, "label": "Cornus sericea ssp. sericea"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "81", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 14, "label": "Gastrointestinal Aid"}, "notes": "Bark soaked in warm water and taken to induce vomiting to clean out the stomach.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 81"}
{"id": 11127, "species": {"value": 1102, "label": "Cornus sericea ssp. sericea"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "81", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 62, "label": "Respiratory Aid"}, "notes": "Bark soaked in warm water and taken to induce vomiting for improved breathing.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 81"}
{"id": 12275, "species": {"value": 1246, "label": "Daucus pusillus Michx."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "89", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots eaten raw or steamed.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 89"}
{"id": 13330, "species": {"value": 1421, "label": "Equisetum arvense L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "68", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 11, "label": "Blood Medicine"}, "notes": "Tender, young shoots eaten raw or boiled and thought to be 'good for the blood.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 68"}
{"id": 13331, "species": {"value": 1421, "label": "Equisetum arvense L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "68", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Tender, young shoots eaten raw or boiled.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 68"}
{"id": 13522, "species": {"value": 1430, "label": "Equisetum telmateia Ehrh."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "68", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 11, "label": "Blood Medicine"}, "notes": "Tender, young shoots eaten raw or boiled and thought to be 'good for the blood.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 68"}
{"id": 13523, "species": {"value": 1430, "label": "Equisetum telmateia Ehrh."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "68", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Tender, young shoots eaten raw or boiled.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 68"}
{"id": 15343, "species": {"value": 1666, "label": "Fritillaria affinis var. affinis"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "75", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Bulbs used for food.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 75"}
{"id": 16092, "species": {"value": 1763, "label": "Goodyera oblongifolia Raf."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 35, "label": "Antirheumatic (External)"}, "notes": "Infusion of leaves used in the bathwater of sprinters and canoers as a liniment for stiff muscles.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77"}
{"id": 17349, "species": {"value": 1904, "label": "Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 33, "label": "Cooking Tools"}, "notes": "Wood used to make salmon barbecuing sticks.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"}
{"id": 17350, "species": {"value": 1904, "label": "Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Wood used to make bows, arrows, harpoon shafts and halibut hooks.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"}
{"id": 17351, "species": {"value": 1904, "label": "Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 17, "label": "Tools"}, "notes": "Wood used to make camas bulb digging sticks and cambium scrapers.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"}
{"id": 17352, "species": {"value": 1904, "label": "Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 17, "label": "Tools"}, "notes": "Wood used to make knitting needles and cattail mat needles.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"}
{"id": 19020, "species": {"value": 2062, "label": "Juniperus scopulorum Sarg."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "70", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 87, "label": "Misc. Disease Remedy"}, "notes": "Scented branches hung around the house during disease epidemics to 'drive the germs away.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 70"}
{"id": 19846, "species": {"value": 2125, "label": "Ledum groenlandicum Oeder"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "83", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 27, "label": "Beverage"}, "notes": "Fresh or dried leaves made into tea.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83"}
{"id": 21009, "species": {"value": 2246, "label": "Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "89", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 21, "label": "Cold Remedy"}, "notes": "Seeds chewed for colds.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 89"}
{"id": 21010, "species": {"value": 2246, "label": "Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "89", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 123, "label": "Throat Aid"}, "notes": "Seeds chewed for sore throats.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 89"}
{"id": 21011, "species": {"value": 2246, "label": "Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) Coult. & Rose"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "89", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Seeds burned to fumigate homes and to 'drive away ghosts.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 89"}
{"id": 21101, "species": {"value": 2259, "label": "Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "79", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 85, "label": "Candy"}, "notes": "Flower nectar sucked by children.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 79"}
{"id": 22278, "species": {"value": 2391, "label": "Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "87", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark and wild cherry bark taken as a cure all tonic.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"}
{"id": 22747, "species": {"value": 2443, "label": "Mentha arvensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 86, "label": "Spice"}, "notes": "Leaves used for flavoring food.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 24225, "species": {"value": 2610, "label": "Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 52, "label": "Fruit"}, "notes": "Berries eaten ripe.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"}
{"id": 25600, "species": {"value": 2765, "label": "Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 132, "label": "Cash Crop"}, "notes": "Branches sold to local florist shops.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"}
{"id": 26397, "species": {"value": 2875, "label": "Philadelphus lewisii Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Wood occasionally used to make bows and arrows.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 26777, "species": {"value": 2927, "label": "Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "86", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 36, "label": "Laxative"}, "notes": "Infusion of macerated roots taken as a quick laxative.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"}
{"id": 29040, "species": {"value": 3080, "label": "Polypodium virginianum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 21, "label": "Cold Remedy"}, "notes": "Rhizomes used for colds.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69"}
{"id": 29041, "species": {"value": 3080, "label": "Polypodium virginianum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 14, "label": "Gastrointestinal Aid"}, "notes": "Rhizomes used for stomach ailments.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69"}
{"id": 29042, "species": {"value": 3080, "label": "Polypodium virginianum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 123, "label": "Throat Aid"}, "notes": "Rhizomes used for sore throat.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69"}
{"id": 29145, "species": {"value": 3085, "label": "Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "69", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Fronds used during initiation dances.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69"}
{"id": 30396, "species": {"value": 3166, "label": "Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "87", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 21, "label": "Cold Remedy"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark and crabapple bark used as a cure all tonic for colds.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"}
{"id": 30397, "species": {"value": 3166, "label": "Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "87", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 20, "label": "Panacea"}, "notes": "Infusion of bark and crabapple bark used as a cure all tonic for numerous ailments.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"}
{"id": 30398, "species": {"value": 3166, "label": "Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "87", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 60, "label": "Psychological Aid"}, "notes": "Concoction of roots and gooseberry roots used to make children intelligent and obedient.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"}
{"id": 33490, "species": {"value": 3368, "label": "Ribes divaricatum Dougl."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 60, "label": "Psychological Aid"}, "notes": "Roots used with wild cherry roots to wash newborn children for intelligence and obedience.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33491, "species": {"value": 3368, "label": "Ribes divaricatum Dougl."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Roots boiled with cedar and wild rose roots, pounded and woven into rope.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33492, "species": {"value": 3368, "label": "Ribes divaricatum Dougl."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Roots used to make reef nets.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33565, "species": {"value": 3375, "label": "Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 60, "label": "Psychological Aid"}, "notes": "Roots used with wild cherry roots to wash newborn children for intelligence and obedience.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33566, "species": {"value": 3375, "label": "Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Roots boiled with cedar and wild rose roots, pounded and woven into rope.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33567, "species": {"value": 3375, "label": "Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Roots used to make reef nets.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33621, "species": {"value": 3378, "label": "Ribes lobbii Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 60, "label": "Psychological Aid"}, "notes": "Roots used with wild cherry roots to wash newborn children for intelligence and obedience.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33622, "species": {"value": 3378, "label": "Ribes lobbii Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 99, "label": "Cordage"}, "notes": "Roots boiled with cedar and wild rose roots, pounded and woven into rope.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33623, "species": {"value": 3378, "label": "Ribes lobbii Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Roots used to make reef nets.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 33853, "species": {"value": 3412, "label": "Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "82", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Young leaves eaten raw.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 82"}
{"id": 34071, "species": {"value": 3427, "label": "Rosa nutkana K. Presl"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "87", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 52, "label": "Fruit"}, "notes": "Hips eaten raw in fall.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"}
{"id": 34848, "species": {"value": 3463, "label": "Rubus parviflorus Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "87", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 68, "label": "Antidiarrheal"}, "notes": "Leaves dried and chewed for diarrhea.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"}
{"id": 34849, "species": {"value": 3463, "label": "Rubus parviflorus Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "87", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 14, "label": "Gastrointestinal Aid"}, "notes": "Leaves dried and chewed for stomachaches.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"}
{"id": 35078, "species": {"value": 3472, "label": "Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "88", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 27, "label": "Beverage"}, "notes": "Old, dry leaves used to make tea.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 88"}
{"id": 35079, "species": {"value": 3472, "label": "Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "88", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Stems used in purification rituals before dancing.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 88"}
{"id": 35177, "species": {"value": 3480, "label": "Rumex acetosella L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "85", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 31, "label": "Vegetable"}, "notes": "Acid-tasting leaves eaten like lettuce.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 85"}
{"id": 35434, "species": {"value": 3489, "label": "Rumex obtusifolius L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "85", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Young stems cooked and used for food.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 85"}
{"id": 38819, "species": {"value": 3814, "label": "Stachys mexicana Benth."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 69, "label": "Tonic"}, "notes": "Infusion of pounded roots used as a spring tonic.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 38820, "species": {"value": 3814, "label": "Stachys mexicana Benth."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "84", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 5, "label": "Forage"}, "notes": "Roots eaten by wounded deer.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 84"}
{"id": 39082, "species": {"value": 3849, "label": "Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 82, "label": "Burn Dressing"}, "notes": "Berries rubbed on skin for burns.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"}
{"id": 39083, "species": {"value": 3849, "label": "Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "80", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Berries rubbed on skin for rashes and sores.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"}
{"id": 40216, "species": {"value": 3951, "label": "Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Boughs used to vigorously scrub the body for purity while bathing.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71"}
{"id": 40217, "species": {"value": 3951, "label": "Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "71", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Roots woven with gooseberry and wild rose roots to make reef nets.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71"}
{"id": 41839, "species": {"value": 4059, "label": "Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "90", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 31, "label": "Vegetable"}, "notes": "Young stems and leaves boiled and eaten like spinach.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 90"}
{"id": 43222, "species": {"value": 4143, "label": "Vicia nigricans ssp. gigantea (Hook.) Lassetter & Gunn."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "85", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of pounded roots used as a hair tonic for falling hair and dandruff.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 85"}
{"id": 44691, "species": {"value": 4260, "label": "Zostera marina L."}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "77", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 86, "label": "Spice"}, "notes": "Fleshy roots and leaf bases used to flavor seal, porpoise and deer meat.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 77"}