{"id": 10902, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 81, "label": "Green River Group"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 29, "label": "Cathartic"}, "notes": "Plant used as a physic.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"}
{"id": 10903, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 81, "label": "Green River Group"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 40, "label": "Emetic"}, "notes": "Plant used as an emetic.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"}
{"id": 10904, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 81, "label": "Green River Group"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Wood used to make disks for gambling games.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"}
{"id": 10905, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 94, "label": "Hoh"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "66", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 69, "label": "Tonic"}, "notes": "Infusion of bitter bark used as a tonic.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"}
{"id": 10906, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 94, "label": "Hoh"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "66", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Berries used in ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"}
{"id": 10907, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 94, "label": "Hoh"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "66", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 63, "label": "Smoke Plant"}, "notes": "Leaves dried and smoked.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"}
{"id": 10908, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "387", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 78, "label": "Herbal Steam"}, "notes": "Boughs used in the fire of the sweathouse.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"}
{"id": 10909, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 105, "label": "Karok"}, "source": {"value": 71, "label": "sg52"}, "pageno": "387", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 147, "label": "Good Luck Charm"}, "notes": "Plant used as a good luck charm.", "rawsource": "Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"}
{"id": 10910, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 114, "label": "Klallam"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Wood used to make disks for gambling games.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"}
{"id": 10911, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 129, "label": "Lummi"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 36, "label": "Laxative"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark taken as a laxative.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"}
{"id": 10912, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 202, "label": "Pomo, Kashaya"}, "source": {"value": 40, "label": "gl80"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 109, "label": "Furniture"}, "notes": "Long, slender branches used in making baby baskets.", "rawsource": "Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 42"}
{"id": 10913, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 209, "label": "Quileute"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "66", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 69, "label": "Tonic"}, "notes": "Infusion of bitter bark used as a tonic.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"}
{"id": 10914, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 209, "label": "Quileute"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "66", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Berries used in ceremonies.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"}
{"id": 10915, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 209, "label": "Quileute"}, "source": {"value": 77, "label": "r36"}, "pageno": "66", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 63, "label": "Smoke Plant"}, "notes": "Leaves dried and smoked.", "rawsource": "Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"}
{"id": 10916, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 210, "label": "Quinault"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 38, "label": "Decorations"}, "notes": "Charcoal used for tattooing.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"}
{"id": 10917, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 215, "label": "Saanich"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "81", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 338, "label": "Preservative"}, "notes": "Bark used to tan articles like cedar bark bailers.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 81"}
{"id": 10918, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "81", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Wood used to make bows and arrows.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 81"}
{"id": 10919, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 217, "label": "Salish, Coast"}, "source": {"value": 23, "label": "tb71"}, "pageno": "81", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 63, "label": "Smoke Plant"}, "notes": "Bark occasionally mixed with tobacco and used for smoking.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 81"}
{"id": 10920, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 241, "label": "Skagit"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Dry wood used to make foreshafts of salmon harpoons.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"}
{"id": 10921, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 241, "label": "Skagit"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Wood used to make disks for gambling games.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"}
{"id": 10922, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 245, "label": "Snohomish"}, "source": {"value": 25, "label": "g73"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 33, "label": "Cooking Tools"}, "notes": "Sticks used to pound brake ferns after roasting.", "rawsource": "Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"}
{"id": 10923, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "204", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 11, "label": "Blood Medicine"}, "notes": "Decoction of two bark strips and two cascara bark strips taken as a 'blood purifier.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 204"}
{"id": 10924, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "204", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 14, "label": "Gastrointestinal Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of two bark strips and two cascara bark strips taken for ulcers.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 204"}
{"id": 10925, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "461", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 14, "label": "Gastrointestinal Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of wood or bark taken for stomach trouble.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 461"}
{"id": 10926, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "204", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 60, "label": "Psychological Aid"}, "notes": "Strained decoction of flower heads used to wash the skin for 'seven year itch.'", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 204"}
{"id": 10927, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "204", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 48, "label": "Pulmonary Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of two bark strips & two cascara bark strips taken to improve hunters lungs before hiking.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 204"}
{"id": 10928, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "204", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 108, "label": "Black"}, "notes": "Bark & fir bark boiled into a black dye & used to dye bitter cherry bark for imbricating baskets.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 204"}
{"id": 10929, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 10, "label": "tta90"}, "pageno": "204", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 150, "label": "Brown"}, "notes": "Bark boiled to make an intense brown dye & used to color bitter cherry bark for imbricating baskets.", "rawsource": "Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 204"}
{"id": 10930, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "496", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Wood used to make bows.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496"}
{"id": 10931, "species": {"value": 1096, "label": "Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 259, "label": "Thompson"}, "source": {"value": 33, "label": "steed28"}, "pageno": "496", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 17, "label": "Tools"}, "notes": "Wood used to make implement handles.", "rawsource": "Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496"}