{"id": 552, "species": {"value": 27, "label": "Acer negundo L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Wood burned in the altar fire of the peyote ceremony.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 40"}
{"id": 571, "species": {"value": 29, "label": "Acer negundo var. negundo"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Wood burned in the altar fire of the peyote ceremony.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 40"}
{"id": 572, "species": {"value": 29, "label": "Acer negundo var. negundo"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "40", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Wood burned in the altar fire of the peyote ceremony.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 40"}
{"id": 1638, "species": {"value": 75, "label": "Aesculus glabra var. arguta (Buckl.) B.L. Robins."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "41", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 40, "label": "Emetic"}, "notes": "Infusion of the inside of fruit taken as an emetic.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 41"}
{"id": 2714, "species": {"value": 186, "label": "Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "26", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 57, "label": "Fasteners"}, "notes": "Used to make a glue.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 26"}
{"id": 2881, "species": {"value": 201, "label": "Ambrosia psilostachya DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant used as a wash for sores.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 55"}
{"id": 2882, "species": {"value": 201, "label": "Ambrosia psilostachya DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 34, "label": "Veterinary Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of plant used as a wash for sores on horses.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 55"}
{"id": 2883, "species": {"value": 201, "label": "Ambrosia psilostachya DC."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "55", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 37, "label": "Fuel"}, "notes": "Used rolled up, with various sages, in the sweat houses.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 55"}
{"id": 3194, "species": {"value": 222, "label": "Amorpha fruticosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Long stems used as a foundation for bedding material.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 31"}
{"id": 3195, "species": {"value": 222, "label": "Amorpha fruticosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Long stems used as a foundation for bedding material.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 31"}
{"id": 3196, "species": {"value": 222, "label": "Amorpha fruticosa L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "31", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Long stems used as a foundation for bedding material.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 31"}
{"id": 3807, "species": {"value": 297, "label": "Apocynum cannabinum L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "47", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 85, "label": "Candy"}, "notes": "Milky latex used as chewing gum. After the latex was squeezed from the plant, it was allowed to stand over night, whereupon it hardened into a 'white gum.'  Two kinds of gum were recognized; that which was left overnight, and that which was chewed only a few hours after it had been extracted from the plant.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 47"}
{"id": 4743, "species": {"value": 361, "label": "Argemone polyanthemos (Fedde) G.B. Ownbey"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "29", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Leaf ash used under the skin for tattooing.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 29"}
{"id": 5212, "species": {"value": 396, "label": "Artemisia filifolia Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "56", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 143, "label": "Paper"}, "notes": "Used for drying hands and as a substitute for toilet paper.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56"}
{"id": 5440, "species": {"value": 401, "label": "Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "56", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 14, "label": "Gastrointestinal Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of plants taken for stomach troubles.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56"}
{"id": 5441, "species": {"value": 401, "label": "Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "56", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 48, "label": "Pulmonary Aid"}, "notes": "Infusion of plants taken for the lungs or to cut phlegm.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56"}
{"id": 5504, "species": {"value": 402, "label": "Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. mexicana (Willd. ex Spreng.) Keck"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "56", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Poultice of chewed leaves applied to sores.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56"}
{"id": 5505, "species": {"value": 402, "label": "Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. mexicana (Willd. ex Spreng.) Keck"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "56", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 78, "label": "Herbal Steam"}, "notes": "Plant used as a purifying agent in the sweat house.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56"}
{"id": 5506, "species": {"value": 402, "label": "Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. mexicana (Willd. ex Spreng.) Keck"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "56", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 123, "label": "Throat Aid"}, "notes": "Leaves chewed for sore throats.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56"}
{"id": 5838, "species": {"value": 410, "label": "Artemisia vulgaris L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 16, "label": "Anthelmintic"}, "notes": "Plant used as a 'worm' medicine.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 57"}
{"id": 5839, "species": {"value": 410, "label": "Artemisia vulgaris L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Used to make cushions for the worshippers in the peyote ceremony.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 57"}
{"id": 5840, "species": {"value": 410, "label": "Artemisia vulgaris L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 107, "label": "Cleaning Agent"}, "notes": "Leaves rubbed on the face and hands as a purifying agent.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 57"}
{"id": 6180, "species": {"value": 441, "label": "Asclepias sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "47", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 52, "label": "Fruit"}, "notes": "Young fruits, after first removing the outer 'hairy' surface, cooked and eaten.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 47"}
{"id": 6181, "species": {"value": 441, "label": "Asclepias sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "47", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 33, "label": "Cooking Tools"}, "notes": "Dried pods used as spoons.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 47"}
{"id": 6182, "species": {"value": 441, "label": "Asclepias sp."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "47", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 38, "label": "Decorations"}, "notes": "Dried pods gathered for decorative purposes.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 47"}
{"id": 7402, "species": {"value": 604, "label": "Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 23, "label": "Oral Aid"}, "notes": "Stem used as a toothpick.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 13"}
{"id": 7403, "species": {"value": 604, "label": "Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 23, "label": "Oral Aid"}, "notes": "Stem used as a toothpick.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 13"}
{"id": 7420, "species": {"value": 606, "label": "Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Recognized as a good fodder.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 7421, "species": {"value": 606, "label": "Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 38, "label": "Decorations"}, "notes": "Worn by those, who in battle, had killed an enemy with a lance, grass resembled the feathered lance.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 7424, "species": {"value": 607, "label": "Bouteloua curtipendula var. curtipendula"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Recognized as a good fodder.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 7425, "species": {"value": 607, "label": "Bouteloua curtipendula var. curtipendula"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Recognized as a good fodder.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 7426, "species": {"value": 607, "label": "Bouteloua curtipendula var. curtipendula"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 38, "label": "Decorations"}, "notes": "Worn by those, who in battle, had killed an enemy with a lance, grass resembled the feathered lance.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 7427, "species": {"value": 607, "label": "Bouteloua curtipendula var. curtipendula"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 38, "label": "Decorations"}, "notes": "Worn by those, who in battle, had killed an enemy with a lance, grass resembled the feathered lance.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 7449, "species": {"value": 609, "label": "Bouteloua hirsuta Lag."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Very good fodder, according to the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, for horses and mules.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 7582, "species": {"value": 635, "label": "Bromus catharticus Vahl"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Grass recognized as an important fodder.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 7583, "species": {"value": 635, "label": "Bromus catharticus Vahl"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "14", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Grass recognized as an important fodder.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 14"}
{"id": 7681, "species": {"value": 666, "label": "Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & Gray) Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 38, "label": "Decorations"}, "notes": "Flowers, because of their beauty, have an esthetic appeal.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 42"}
{"id": 7682, "species": {"value": 666, "label": "Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & Gray) Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "42", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 38, "label": "Decorations"}, "notes": "Flowers, because of their beauty, have an esthetic appeal.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 42"}
{"id": 8305, "species": {"value": 765, "label": "Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "20", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 49, "label": "Tuberculosis Remedy"}, "notes": "Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 20"}
{"id": 8803, "species": {"value": 824, "label": "Celtis occidentalis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "23", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 52, "label": "Fruit"}, "notes": "Berries pounded into a paste like consistency, molded onto a stick and baked over an open fire.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 23"}
{"id": 8804, "species": {"value": 824, "label": "Celtis occidentalis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "22", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 37, "label": "Fuel"}, "notes": "Wood used as fuel for the altar fire in the peyote ceremony.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 22"}
{"id": 8811, "species": {"value": 826, "label": "Centaurea americana Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Poultice of leaves applied to skin sores.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58"}
{"id": 8834, "species": {"value": 832, "label": "Cephalanthus occidentalis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "51", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 111, "label": "Antihemorrhagic"}, "notes": "Decoction of roots taken for hemorrhages.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 51"}
{"id": 8867, "species": {"value": 837, "label": "Cercis canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 37, "label": "Fuel"}, "notes": "Slender stems used for fuel during the winter.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 32"}
{"id": 8868, "species": {"value": 837, "label": "Cercis canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 115, "label": "Season Indicator"}, "notes": "Flower welcomed as a sign of spring. This plant was esteemed because it is one of the earliest shrubs to flower in the spring.  The red or pink flowers which appear before the leaves gave rise to their saying 'pink flowers form into leaves.'  Flowering branches were used in the homes to 'drive winter out.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 32"}
{"id": 9759, "species": {"value": 927, "label": "Chrysobotrya odorata (Wendl.) Cockerell"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "29", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 52, "label": "Fruit"}, "notes": "Fruit eaten raw.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 29"}
{"id": 9760, "species": {"value": 927, "label": "Chrysobotrya odorata (Wendl.) Cockerell"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "29", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 1, "label": "Preserves"}, "notes": "Fruit made into jelly.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 29"}
{"id": 9972, "species": {"value": 964, "label": "Cirsium ochrocentrum Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 82, "label": "Burn Dressing"}, "notes": "Decoction of blossoms used as wash for burns.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58"}
{"id": 9973, "species": {"value": 964, "label": "Cirsium ochrocentrum Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Decoction of blossoms used as wash for sores.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58"}
{"id": 9974, "species": {"value": 964, "label": "Cirsium ochrocentrum Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots used for food.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58"}
{"id": 9975, "species": {"value": 964, "label": "Cirsium ochrocentrum Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Roots used for food.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58"}
{"id": 9976, "species": {"value": 964, "label": "Cirsium ochrocentrum Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 58, "label": "Protection"}, "notes": "Blossoms used to cover graves of those recently buried to keep the wolves from digging up the body.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58"}
{"id": 9977, "species": {"value": 964, "label": "Cirsium ochrocentrum Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "58", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 58, "label": "Protection"}, "notes": "Blossoms used to cover graves of those recently buried to keep the wolves from digging up the body.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58"}
{"id": 10080, "species": {"value": 979, "label": "Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 13, "label": "Poison"}, "notes": "Unripened plant considered poisonous.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 53"}
{"id": 11610, "species": {"value": 1161, "label": "Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 40, "label": "Emetic"}, "notes": "Decoction of peeled roots taken as an emetic.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 53"}
{"id": 11611, "species": {"value": 1161, "label": "Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 106, "label": "Soap"}, "notes": "Fruit used to cleanse hides and clothes by rubbing the dried fruit into the stains before washing.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 53"}
{"id": 11612, "species": {"value": 1161, "label": "Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "53", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 106, "label": "Soap"}, "notes": "Fruit used to cleanse hides and clothes by rubbing the dried fruit into the stains before washing.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 53"}
{"id": 11893, "species": {"value": 1202, "label": "Cyperus schweinitzii Torr."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "17", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Considered an excellent fodder for fattening horses.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 17"}
{"id": 11991, "species": {"value": 1217, "label": "Dalea candida var. oligophylla (Torr.) Shinners"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Peeled stems used for food.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 33"}
{"id": 11992, "species": {"value": 1217, "label": "Dalea candida var. oligophylla (Torr.) Shinners"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Peeled stems used for food.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 33"}
{"id": 12003, "species": {"value": 1219, "label": "Dalea enneandra Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used to kill small animals.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 32"}
{"id": 12004, "species": {"value": 1219, "label": "Dalea enneandra Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 28, "label": "Hunting & Fishing Item"}, "notes": "Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used to kill small animals.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 33"}
{"id": 12005, "species": {"value": 1219, "label": "Dalea enneandra Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "32", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used for games.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 32"}
{"id": 12006, "species": {"value": 1219, "label": "Dalea enneandra Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "33", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 24, "label": "Toys & Games"}, "notes": "Erect, slender stems made into small arrows, with a thorn in the end, used for games.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 33"}
{"id": 12284, "species": {"value": 1248, "label": "Delphinium carolinianum ssp. virescens (Nutt.) Brooks"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "28", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 30, "label": "Ceremonial Items"}, "notes": "Small seeds used in peyote rattles.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 28"}
{"id": 12455, "species": {"value": 1290, "label": "Dichanthelium oligosanthes var. scribnerianum (Nash) Gould"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "16", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Used to fatten horses very quickly.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 16"}
{"id": 12826, "species": {"value": 1349, "label": "Echinacea angustifolia var. angustifolia"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 9, "label": "Cough Medicine"}, "notes": "Ground root chewed for coughs.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 57"}
{"id": 12827, "species": {"value": 1349, "label": "Echinacea angustifolia var. angustifolia"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "57", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 123, "label": "Throat Aid"}, "notes": "Ground root chewed for sore throats.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 57"}
{"id": 13036, "species": {"value": 1383, "label": "Elymus canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Foliage and lemmas used as a palatable fodder for livestock.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 13037, "species": {"value": 1383, "label": "Elymus canadensis L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 50, "label": "Fodder"}, "notes": "Foliage and lemmas used as a palatable fodder for livestock.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 13727, "species": {"value": 1470, "label": "Erigeron divergens Torr. & Gray"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 147, "label": "Good Luck Charm"}, "notes": "Plant considered an omen of good fortune and brought into the home.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 60"}
{"id": 13962, "species": {"value": 1497, "label": "Eriogonum annuum Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "24", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Leaves rubbed on buffalo or deer hides in the process of staining and tanning.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 24"}
{"id": 13963, "species": {"value": 1497, "label": "Eriogonum annuum Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "24", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 144, "label": "Hide Preparation"}, "notes": "Leaves rubbed on buffalo or deer hides in the process of staining and tanning. The leaves were applied fresh, or, if the hide was dry, the leaves were moistened before application.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 24"}
{"id": 14078, "species": {"value": 1517, "label": "Eriogonum longifolium Nutt."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "25", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Root used for food.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 25"}
{"id": 14606, "species": {"value": 1591, "label": "Euphorbia marginata Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "36", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 85, "label": "Candy"}, "notes": "Used for chewing gum.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 36"}
{"id": 14607, "species": {"value": 1591, "label": "Euphorbia marginata Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "36", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 85, "label": "Candy"}, "notes": "Used for chewing gum.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 36"}
{"id": 14608, "species": {"value": 1591, "label": "Euphorbia marginata Pursh"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "36", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 85, "label": "Candy"}, "notes": "Used for chewing gum.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 36"}
{"id": 15440, "species": {"value": 1677, "label": "Gaillardia pulchella Foug."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 38, "label": "Decorations"}, "notes": "Flowers used for ornaments in the homes.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 60"}
{"id": 15441, "species": {"value": 1677, "label": "Gaillardia pulchella Foug."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 147, "label": "Good Luck Charm"}, "notes": "Flowers believed to bring luck.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 60"}
{"id": 16583, "species": {"value": 1821, "label": "Helianthus annuus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 23, "label": "Oral Aid"}, "notes": "Coagulated sap chewed, by the elders, to diminish thirst.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 60"}
{"id": 16584, "species": {"value": 1821, "label": "Helianthus annuus L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "60", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Seeds ground into a paste like consistency and eaten.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 60"}
{"id": 17239, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Dried foliage employed as a perfume.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17240, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Dried foliage employed as a perfume.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17241, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Dried foliage employed as a perfume.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17242, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 8, "label": "Dermatological Aid"}, "notes": "Dried foliage employed as a perfume.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17243, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Fragrant leaves used as stuffing for pillows and mattresses.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17244, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Fragrant leaves used as stuffing for pillows and mattresses.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17245, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Fragrant leaves used as stuffing for pillows and mattresses.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17246, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 4, "label": "Fiber"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 67, "label": "Mats, Rugs & Bedding"}, "notes": "Fragrant leaves used as stuffing for pillows and mattresses.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17247, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 53, "label": "Incense & Fragrance"}, "notes": "Dried leaves sprinkled over the fire to yield incense and used during the peyote ceremony.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17248, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 53, "label": "Incense & Fragrance"}, "notes": "Dried leaves sprinkled over the fire to yield incense and used during the peyote ceremony.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17249, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 53, "label": "Incense & Fragrance"}, "notes": "Dried leaves sprinkled over the fire to yield incense and used during the peyote ceremony.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 17250, "species": {"value": 1896, "label": "Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "15", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 53, "label": "Incense & Fragrance"}, "notes": "Dried leaves sprinkled over the fire to yield incense and used during the peyote ceremony.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 15"}
{"id": 18296, "species": {"value": 2034, "label": "Juglans nigra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "21", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 16, "label": "Anthelmintic"}, "notes": "Decoction of root bark taken to kill 'worms.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 21"}
{"id": 18297, "species": {"value": 2034, "label": "Juglans nigra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "20", "use_category": {"value": 5, "label": "Dye"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 228, "label": "Blue-Black"}, "notes": "Roots boiled to make a bluish, black dye for buffalo hides.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 20"}
{"id": 18298, "species": {"value": 2034, "label": "Juglans nigra L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "20", "use_category": {"value": 1, "label": "Food"}, "use_subcategory": null, "notes": "Nuts used for food.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 20"}
{"id": 19161, "species": {"value": 2064, "label": "Juniperus virginiana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 2, "label": "Drug"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 23, "label": "Oral Aid"}, "notes": "Berries chewed for canker sores in the mouth.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 13"}
{"id": 19162, "species": {"value": 2064, "label": "Juniperus virginiana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 53, "label": "Incense & Fragrance"}, "notes": "Needles thrown into the fire and used as incense during prayers in the peyote meeting.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 13"}
{"id": 19163, "species": {"value": 2064, "label": "Juniperus virginiana L."}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 146, "label": "Musical Instrument"}, "notes": "Red, aromatic heartwood used to make 'love flutes.'", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 13"}
{"id": 19235, "species": {"value": 2066, "label": "Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana"}, "tribe": {"value": 111, "label": "Kiowa"}, "source": {"value": 140, "label": "vs39"}, "pageno": "13", "use_category": {"value": 3, "label": "Other"}, "use_subcategory": {"value": 53, "label": "Incense & Fragrance"}, "notes": "Needles thrown into the fire and used as incense during prayers in the peyote meeting.", "rawsource": "Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 13"}