id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
10848,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,56,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Berries, roots and leaves used for fits.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56"
7829,695,Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes,259,Thompson,10,tta90,135,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Bulbs chewed or flowers sucked for mild epilepsy.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 135"
10189,1012,Claytonia virginica L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,317,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Cold infusion or decoction of powdered roots given to child with convulsions.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 317"
12829,1349,Echinacea angustifolia var. angustifolia,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,212,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound containing root used for stomach cramps and fits.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 212"
5982,421,Asarum canadense L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,308,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction given to children with convulsions.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 308"
20646,2221,Lobelia cardinalis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,452,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction of plants taken by women for epilepsy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 452"
5250,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction of root taken for convulsions.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
6483,472,Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction of root taken for convulsions.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
28784,3046,Polygala senega L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction of root taken for convulsions.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
33934,3419,Rosa arkansana Porter,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction of root taken for convulsions.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
3726,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction of root taken or sprinkled on chest for convulsions.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
32632,3299,Ranunculus abortivus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,325,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction of roots taken by men and women for epilepsy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 325"
23007,2478,Mimulus ringens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,435,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction of roots taken by women for epilepsy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 435"
38133,3703,Sium suave Walt.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,399,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction of roots taken by women for epilepsy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 399"
21519,2326,Lycopodium sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,262,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction taken by men for epilepsy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 262"
24053,2595,Nuphar lutea ssp. advena (Ait.) Kartesz & Gandhi,100,Iroquois,7,h77,319,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound decoction with plant taken by men with epilepsy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 319"
23111,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,440,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound infusion given to children with convulsions.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 440"
39247,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,138,Menominee,176,d32,128129,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Compound infusion of dried, powdered root used by children and adults for convulsions.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128129"
5251,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken for 'fits.',"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
6484,472,Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken for 'fits.',"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
28785,3046,Polygala senega L.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken for 'fits.',"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
33935,3419,Rosa arkansana Porter,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken for 'fits.',"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
22483,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,27,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Decoction of plant used for infant convulsions.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 27"
821,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Decoction of plants given and used as wash for babies with convulsions.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
38423,3737,Solidago juncea Ait.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Decoction of root taken for convulsions.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
16764,1850,Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa (Pursh) Steyermark,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Decoction of root taken, especially by children, for convulsions.","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
31784,3241,Pyrola elliptica Nutt.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,408,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Decoction of roots and leaves given to babies with fits or epileptic seizures.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 408"
1411,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,130,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Decoction of roots taken by children and adults for convulsions.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 130"
15867,1731,Geum aleppicum Jacq.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,353,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Decoction of roots taken for convulsions.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 353"
26527,2896,Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & M.C. Johnston,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,45,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Dried and pulverized plant 'good for epilepsy or fits, best if from oak.'","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45"
42795,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,432,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Dried leaves smoked for bad hiccoughs.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 432"
21761,2359,Macromeria viridiflora DC.,95,Hopi,37,w39,"33, 88",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Dried plant and mullein smoked for 'fits,' craziness and witchcraft.","Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 33, 88"
21107,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,196,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Flowers sucked for epilepsy.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 196"
1186,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion given to 'prevent recurrent spasms.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
22529,2426,Medeola virginiana L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,285,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of crushed dried berries and leaves given to babies with convulsions.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 285"
25097,2702,Osmunda regalis L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,33,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of fronds and wild ginger rhizomes used by children with convulsions from intestinal worms.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 33"
4063,318,Aralia nudicaulis L.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,231,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of leaves taken for fits.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231"
23248,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,173,Ojibwa,135,ahj81,2274,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of plant taken or used as a bath for infant convulsions.,"Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2274"
28948,3068,Polygonum pensylvanicum L.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,129,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of plant tops taken for epilepsy.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 129"
6177,441,Asclepias sp.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"32, 74",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of pounded roots of five species taken for epileptic fits.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 32, 74"
33032,3351,Rhus sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,370,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of root given to children with worms that cause convulsions.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 370"
4903,374,Aristolochia serpentaria L.,192,Penobscot,103,s17,310,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of root used for 'fits.',"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310"
27118,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,244,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of roots and bark used for trembling and fits.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 244"
5949,421,Asarum canadense L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,159,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of roots given to infants for convulsions.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 159"
10847,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,256,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Infusion of roots, leaves and berries used for fits.","Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 256"
10607,1069,Conyza canadensis var. canadensis,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,65,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of whole plant and roots from another plant used for children with convulsions and fevers.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 65"
3407,255,Anemopsis californica (Nutt.) Hook. & Arn.,232,Shoshoni,111,m90,46,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of whole plant taken for fits.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 46"
21108,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,196,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of woody part of vine taken in small amounts or used as a bath for children with epilepsy.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 196"
21109,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,196,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion of woody part of vine taken in small amounts or used as a bath for epilepsy.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 196"
43008,4128,Viburnum acerifolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion taken to prevent recurrent spasms.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
43118,4133,Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides (L.) Torr. & Gray,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion taken to prevent recurrent spasms.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
43169,4136,Viburnum prunifolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion taken to prevent recurrent spasms.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
23635,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion used for spasms.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
25482,2744,Papaver somniferum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"50, 51",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Large dose given as antispasmodic, to produce sleep and for pain.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50, 51"
39230,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 80",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Leaves chewed by epileptics.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 80"
42792,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,95,Hopi,37,w39,"33, 92",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Leaves smoked with onosmodium for 'fits,' craziness and witchcraft.","Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 33, 92"
5983,421,Asarum canadense L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,41,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Plant and other plants given to children with convulsions and fevers.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 41"
6656,504,Atriplex confertifolia (Torr. & Fr‚m.) S. Wats.,95,Hopi,82,c74,293,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Plant burned and smoke inhaled for epileptic medicine.,"Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 293"
6697,510,Atriplex obovata Moq.,95,Hopi,82,c74,293,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Plant burned and smoke inhaled for epileptic medicine.,"Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 293"
16958,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,107,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Plant tops used in smoke treatment for convulsions.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107"
27374,2952,Pinus banksiana Lamb.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,244,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Plant used for fits.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 244"
3980,312,Arabis perennans S. Wats.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,23,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Plant used for hiccoughs caused by dry throat.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 23"
22992,2474,Mimulus eastwoodiae Rydb.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,42,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Plant used for hiccoughs.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 42"
37036,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,231,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Plant used for trembling in fits or infusion of leaves taken for fits.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231"
29801,3118,Postelsia palmaeformis Ruprecht,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,54,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Plants burned and ashes used for convulsions.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 54"
31546,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,266,Tolowa,70,b81,48,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Poultice of pulverized leaves applied for Toxicodendron poisoning.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
42493,4093,Valeriana dioica var. sylvatica S. Wats.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,64,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Poultice of roots applied externally, especially to babies, for seizures.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 64"
29074,3084,Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott,100,Iroquois,7,h77,257,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Poultice of wet, smashed roots used on children's back and head for convulsions.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 257"
23420,2521,Monotropa uniflora L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,40,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Pulverized root given to children for fits, epilepsy and convulsions.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 40"
39257,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,268,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Raw leaves rolled and chewed for fits.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 268"
25340,2733,Panax quinquefolius L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,36,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Root used for convulsions and palsy.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36"
43001,4127,Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,247,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Root used for fits and constipation.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 247"
4897,374,Aristolochia serpentaria L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,55,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Root used for fits.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 55"
20209,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,76,Flathead,30,h92,24,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Roots chewed, rubbed on the body or smoked for seizures.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24"
11912,1205,Cypripedium acaule Ait.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,42,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Roots used for 'spasms' and 'fits.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"
11931,1208,Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,42,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Roots used for 'spasms' and 'fits.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"
18401,2053,Juniperus californica Carr.,15,"Apache, White Mountain",45,r29,158,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Scorched twigs rubbed on body for fits.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 158"
18612,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,15,"Apache, White Mountain",45,r29,158,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Scorched twigs rubbed on body for fits.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 158"
18764,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,15,"Apache, White Mountain",45,r29,158,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Scorched twigs rubbed on body for fits.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 158"
19730,2116,Lathyrus venosus Muhl. ex Willd.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Simple or compound decoction of root taken or applied to chest for convulsions.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
39258,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"75, 132",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Small piece of leaf eaten for epileptic seizures.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 75, 132"
36415,3559,Salvia dorrii ssp. dorrii var. incana (Benth.) Strachan,95,Hopi,37,w39,"33, 91",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Smoke blown in face or plant taken in a drink for epilepsy or faintness.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 33, 91"
22095,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,230231,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Smudge of root used in cases of a fit, to bring back to normal.","Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 230231"
8554,806,Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,30,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Syrup or decoction of root given for 'fits and hysterics.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"
23915,2585,Nicotiana rustica L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,59,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Used as an antispasmodic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"
23955,2587,Nicotiana tabacum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,59,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Used as an antispasmodic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"
3635,282,Anthemis cotula L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Used for epilepsy.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
13773,1480,Erigeron philadelphicus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,35,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Used for hemorrhages, spitting of blood and epilepsy.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
13799,1481,Erigeron pulchellus Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,35,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Used for hemorrhages, spitting of blood and epilepsy.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"