id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
60,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
116,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,24,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of foliage taken for rheumatism.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24"
827,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of plants taken when 'sore through the joints.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
1333,55,Acorus calamus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,128,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Small pieces of root used for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 128"
1421,60,Actaea racemosa var. racemosa,32,Cherokee,105,w47,"73, 74",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of root 'in spirits' used for rheumatic pains.,"Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 73, 74"
1422,60,Actaea racemosa var. racemosa,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,30,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of roots in alcoholic spirits used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"
1463,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,245,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root taken in a one teaspoon dose for arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 245"
1471,62,Actaea rubra ssp. arguta (Nutt.) Hult‚n,176,Okanagon,55,p52,41,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of roots taken for rheumatism.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
1475,62,Actaea rubra ssp. arguta (Nutt.) Hult‚n,259,Thompson,33,steed28,463,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root taken for rheumatism.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 463"
1476,62,Actaea rubra ssp. arguta (Nutt.) Hult‚n,259,Thompson,55,p52,41,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of roots taken for rheumatism.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
1539,69,Adiantum capillus-veneris L.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,60,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 60"
1550,71,Adiantum pedatum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion taken for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
1568,71,Adiantum pedatum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,258,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of green roots taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 258"
1716,88,Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze,144,Miwok,100,bg33,166,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 166"
1973,126,Aletris farinosa L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,57,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Taken for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57"
2625,174,Alnus sp.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,54,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Bark used for rheumatism.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 54"
2650,176,Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill,71,"Eskimo, Inuktitut",64,w78,188,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Bark burned as an inhalant for 'rheumatism.',"Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 188"
2686,180,Aloysia wrightii Heller ex Abrams,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,285,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant boiled and taken for rheumatism.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 285"
3277,236,Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth.,209,Quileute,25,g73,48,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Whole plant used as a steambath for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
3636,282,Anthemis cotula L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
3782,297,Apocynum cannabinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,38,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
4113,319,Aralia racemosa L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,392,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound used for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 392"
4114,319,Aralia racemosa L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,391,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of roots taken at night for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 391"
4166,321,Aralia spinosa L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"31, 32",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31, 32"
4251,327,Arctium lappa L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,27,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"
4270,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,173,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of roots taken for rheumatism.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 173"
4278,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,62,Delaware,97,t72,36,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of roots used for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 36"
4281,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 74",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of root taken for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 74"
4875,374,Aristolochia serpentaria L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion taken for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
4911,377,Armoracia rusticana P.G. Gaertn.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
5070,394,Artemisia douglasiana Bess.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,167,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 167"
5590,406,Artemisia tilesii Ledeb.,254,Tanaina,94,s73,329,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for diseases from rheumatism to tuberculosis.,"Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 329"
5617,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,351,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used externally and internally for rheumatism.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 351"
5842,410,Artemisia vulgaris L.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,167,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 167"
6342,447,Asclepias tuberosa L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 74",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root used for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 74"
6823,540,Bahia dissecta (Gray) Britt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,49,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of plant taken for arthritis.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 49"
6851,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,78,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root smudge smoke inhaled for body aches.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 78"
6888,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,167,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of ground root cooled and taken for rheumatism.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 167"
6967,552,Baptisia alba var. macrophylla (Larisey) Isely,116,Koasati,115,t40,31,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of roots taken for rheumatism.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 31"
6997,556,Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. f.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,363,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound used for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 363"
7365,591,Bignonia capreolata L.,116,Koasati,115,t40,57,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 57"
7721,673,Calochortus gunnisonii S. Wats.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,34,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of plant taken for swellings.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 34"
8338,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,7,h77,297,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of bark taken for arthritis.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 297"
8438,774,Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,128,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Leaves used for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 128"
8555,806,Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,30,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"
8569,806,Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,333,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 333"
8714,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,252,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of plant taken for arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 252"
8835,832,Cephalanthus occidentalis L.,116,Koasati,115,t40,58,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58"
9049,855,Chamaebatia foliolosa Benth.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,168,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 168"
9380,894,Chenopodium album L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,35,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of plant taken for painful limbs.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 35"
9579,913,Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Tops and roots used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
9626,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,56,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Herb used for rheumatism.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56"
9668,916,Chimaphila umbellata ssp. cisatlantica (Blake) Hult‚n,100,Iroquois,7,h77,408,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of plants taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 408"
10460,1046,Collinsonia canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,429,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of roots taken and used as foot soak for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 429"
11170,1108,Corydalis curvisiliqua ssp. occidentalis (Engelm. ex Gray) W.A. Weber,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used as a rheumatic remedy.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
11506,1146,Croton texensis (Klotzsch) Muell.-Arg.,102,Jemez,28,c30,22,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Decoction of ground whole plant, roots and salt taken for body aches.","Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 22"
11749,1166,Cucurbita sp.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,24,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of rind taken for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 24"
11774,1170,Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw. ex Gord.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,6,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of foliage used for rheumatism.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 6"
11775,1171,Cupressus sp.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,168,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of stems taken for rheumatism.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 168"
11800,1178,Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Spreng.) Coult.,95,Hopi,37,w39,"32, 74",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 32, 74"
12227,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,269,Tubatulabal,137,v38,59,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of plant taken for rheumatism.,"Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 59"
12712,1341,Dryopteris marginalis (L.) Gray,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of root used alone or in a compound for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
12831,1350,Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,38,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of roots and leaves taken for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 38"
12832,1350,Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,20,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of roots taken for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 20"
12932,1369,Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Gray,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,40,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion taken for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 40"
13198,1407,Ephedra viridis Coville,183,Paiute,12,tha41,68-70,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion or decoction of twigs or branches taken for rheumatism.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 68-70"
13242,1410,Epigaea repens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,410,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of plant taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 410"
13303,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,261,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 261"
13314,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of stems taken for lumbago.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13382,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of stems taken for lumbago.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13439,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of stems taken for lumbago.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13878,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,19,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 19"
13885,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,169,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for rheumatism.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 169"
13886,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,169,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Leaves chewed for rheumatism.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 169"
13902,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,214,Round Valley Indian,89,c02,381,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 381"
13916,1491,Eriodictyon trichocalyx Heller,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,71,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 71"
14249,1551,Eryngium yuccifolium Michx.,59,Creek,128,swan28,655656,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used with 'deer potato' for rheumatism.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 655656"
14275,1552,Eryngium yuccifolium var. synchaetum Gray ex Coult. & Rose,228,Seminole,88,s54,248,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Infusion of plant taken by men for menstruation sickness: stomachache, headache and body soreness.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 248"
14448,1579,Eupatorium maculatum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"41, 42",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41, 42"
14548,1582,Eupatorium purpureum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"41, 42",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41, 42"
14592,1586,Euphorbia corollata L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,220221,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root taken for rheumatism.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 220221"
15113,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of bark taken for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
15598,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"28, 76",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Complex compound containing entire plant taken for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 28, 76"
15601,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,410,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 410"
15610,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,35,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaf and berry taken for rheumatism.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 35"
15613,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,369,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism and 'to make one feel good.',"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 369"
15614,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,400,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Young, tender leaves used as a beverage tea and rheumatic medicine.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 400"
15620,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,"56, 57",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism and lumbago.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 56, 57"
16108,1764,Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br. ex Ait. f.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 76",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root used for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 76"
16420,1799,Hamamelis virginiana L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,348,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound used for arthritis.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 348"
16797,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,25,California Indian,73,b05,13,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Strong decoction of root used for rheumatism.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13"
17071,1869,Heuchera cylindrica var. alpina Sw.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,176,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of powdered plant tops taken for rheumatism or sore muscles.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 176"
17427,1920,Humulus lupulus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Taken for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
17658,1964,Hypericum hypericoides ssp. hypericoides,116,Koasati,115,t40,43,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction or infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 43"
17990,2002,Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,40,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for arthritis.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 40"
18082,2017,Iris versicolor L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"30, 76",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root taken for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 30, 76"
18490,2054,Juniperus communis L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,57,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Part of plant used for rheumatism and bark used for tuberculosis.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57"
18522,2054,Juniperus communis L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,92,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of branches taken for aching muscles.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 92"
19133,2064,Juniperus virginiana L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism and 'female obstructions.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
19143,2064,Juniperus virginiana L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,362,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of twigs taken for rheumatism.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362"
19157,2064,Juniperus virginiana L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,271,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 271"
19498,2099,Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,7,h77,268,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 268"
19548,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of plant taken for severe arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19605,2101,Larrea tridentata (Sess‚ & Moc. ex DC.) Coville,193,Pima,11,c49,61,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of plant taken for rheumatism.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 61"
19845,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,210,Quinault,25,g73,43,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
19858,2126,Ledum palustre L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",36,k85,16,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Fresh or dried leaves chewed for body aches.,"Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 16"
20002,2156,Leucothoe axillaris (Lam.) D. Don,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of leaf used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
20124,2164,Liatris acidota Engelm. & Gray,116,Koasati,115,t40,62,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of roots taken for rheumatism.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 62"
20160,2170,Liatris sp.,59,Creek,128,swan28,660,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Simple or compound infusion of root taken for affected rheumatic part.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 660"
20254,2183,Lilium canadense L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,43,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of root used in various ways for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 43"
20367,2199,Lindera benzoin var. benzoin,59,Creek,128,swan28,657,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of branches taken or used as herbal steam to cause sweating for pains.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 657"
20469,2211,Liriodendron tulipifera L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,50,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Bark used for 'dyspepsy, dysentery and rheumatism.'","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"
20634,2221,Lobelia cardinalis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion given for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
20694,2224,Lobelia siphilitica L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion given for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
20773,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion or decoction of roots taken for arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
21596,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Smoke of root inhaled for influenza, rheumatism and bad dreams.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21869,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,187,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Decoction of peeled, chopped rootbark taken for arthritis.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187"
21928,2374,Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,187,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Decoction of peeled, chopped rootbark taken for arthritis.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187"
21936,2375,Mahonia pinnata ssp. pinnata,144,Miwok,100,bg33,168,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root taken for rheumatism.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 168"
21993,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,157,Navajo,74,e44,48,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves and twigs taken for rheumatic stiffness.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 48"
22010,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,"51, 52",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of roots or leaves taken for general aches or rheumatic pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 51, 52"
22066,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,139,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of plant used as a tea for sore backs.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 139"
22074,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,78,Gitksan,9,s29,53,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Decoction of root, a very strong medicine, taken for rheumatism.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53"
22083,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,100,Iroquois,7,h77,283,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 283"
22128,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,259,Thompson,10,tta90,127,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken two or three times a day for rheumatism.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 127"
22171,2382,Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link,259,Thompson,10,tta90,129,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken two or three times a day for rheumatism.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 129"
22208,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,60,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of trunk and branch or inner bark taken for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60"
22214,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,87,Haisla and Hanaksiala,14,c93,265,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Fruit eaten after a long day of hunting, 'kills poison in muscles.'","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 265"
22707,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of stems taken for swellings.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
22894,2453,Mentzelia laevicaulis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Torr. & Gray,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,30,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Roots used for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 30"
22943,2462,Menyanthes trifoliata L.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,427,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound containing roots taken as a tonic for gas pains and rheumatism.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427"
23048,2488,Mirabilis multiflora (Torr.) Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,161,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 161"
23324,2509,Monarda sp.,59,Creek,128,swan28,657,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of plant taken for rheumatism.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 657"
23687,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,25,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves given to babies for rheumatism.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 25"
23691,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,231,Shinnecock,62,cw45,119,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Dried leaves smoked in a pipe for rheumatism.,"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 119"
24014,2590,Nolina microcarpa S. Wats.,101,Isleta,76,j31,35,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root taken for rheumatism.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
24084,2596,Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,56,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root taken for rheumatic pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 56"
24377,2634,Onoclea sensibilis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,256,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for arthritis and infection.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 256"
24406,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,62,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root bark and stems taken for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62"
24503,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,166,Nitinaht,3,g83,289,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of bark taken for arthritis and rheumatism.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 289"
24504,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,95,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of stem pieces taken for arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
25360,2733,Panax quinquefolius L.,96,Houma,49,speck41,61,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root with whiskey taken for rheumatism.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 61"
25423,2735,Panax trifolius L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,36,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36"
25857,2805,Penstemon deustus Dougl. ex Lindl.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,112113,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of whole plant taken for rheumatic aches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 112113"
26213,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,254,Tanaina,94,s73,329,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for diseases from rheumatism to tuberculosis.,"Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 329"
26484,2889,Phlox subulata L.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,59,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 59"
26639,2902,Phryma leptostachya L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,201,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root taken for rheumatic leg pains.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201"
26641,2904,Phyla lanceolata (Michx.) Greene,131,Mahuna,5,r54,60,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 60"
26765,2927,Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,73,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of bark taken for rheumatic fever.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 73"
26794,2931,Phytolacca americana L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,50,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of berry taken for arthritis.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"
26795,2931,Phytolacca americana L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,50,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Roots and berries or berry wine used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"
26818,2931,Phytolacca americana L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"27, 78",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound containing root used for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 27, 78"
26847,2931,Phytolacca americana L.,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,29,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Fermented infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 29"
26853,2931,Phytolacca americana L.,228,Seminole,88,s54,285,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Berries eaten for rheumatism.,"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 285"
26893,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,48,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of inner bark used for arthritis.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 48"
26993,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,255,"Tanana, Upper",36,k85,2,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Decoction of tree top, young birch tip and Hudson Bay tea taken for body aches.","Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 2"
27166,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"51, 52",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of twigs with leaves and bark taken for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51, 52"
27291,2939,Picea sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,268,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 268"
27723,2962,Pinus glabra Walt.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,49,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Syrup taken for chronic rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49"
27839,2965,Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,117118,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of resin taken for rheumatism.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 117118"
27902,2966,Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don,131,Mahuna,5,r54,60,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 60"
28107,2974,Pinus rigida P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,267,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Pitch taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 267"
28114,2975,Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,6,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Pitch chewed for rheumatism.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 6"
28150,2975,Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl.,273,Wailaki,89,c02,307,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Gum chewed for rheumatism.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 307"
28187,2977,Pinus strobus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,264,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of raw bark taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 264"
28270,2979,Pinus virginiana P. Mill.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,49,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Syrup taken for chronic rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49"
28675,3033,Podophyllum peltatum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root soaked in whiskey and taken for rheumatism and as a purgative.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
28708,3033,Podophyllum peltatum L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,206,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root used for rheumatism and as a physic.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 206"
28774,3046,Polygala senega L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
29066,3084,Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,33,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion taken for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"
29246,3096,Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,24,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Tincture of buds used for chronic rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24"
29253,3096,Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera,100,Iroquois,7,h77,292,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for arthritis.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 292"
29502,3104,Populus nigra L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,24,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Tincture of buds used for chronic rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24"
29647,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,41,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of stems and branches taken for rheumatism.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
29669,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,259,Thompson,55,p52,41,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of stems and branches taken for rheumatism.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
29693,3107,Porophyllum gracile Benth.,89,Havasupai,2,ws85,249,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of pounded plant taken for aches.,"Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 249"
29838,3128,Potentilla gracilis Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of pounded roots taken as a general tonic for aches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30304,3161,Prunus andersonii Gray,183,Paiute,12,tha41,123,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Weak decoction of bark taken for rheumatism.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 123"
31093,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"51, 52",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used with Carolina vetch for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 51, 52"
31248,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,51,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Gum mixed with dogfish oil and taken as emetic and purgative for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
31455,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,100,Iroquois,7,h77,259,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound used for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 259"
31605,3225,Pulsatilla patens ssp. multifida (Pritz.) Zamels,78,Gitksan,9,s29,57,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant eaten or decoction of plant taken in sweatbath for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 57"
31630,3229,Purshia mexicana (D. Don) Henrickson,97,Hualapai,127,w82,31,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Leaves chewed for arthritis.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 31"
31785,3241,Pyrola elliptica Nutt.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,409,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound infusion of plants taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 409"
32474,3289,Quercus sp.,160,Neeshenam,81,p74,374,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Burning pitch smoke inhaled for rheumatism.,"Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 374"
32598,3296,Quercus wislizeni var. frutescens Engelm.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,56,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of inner bark taken for arthritis.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 56"
32785,3328,Rhamnus ilicifolia Kellogg,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,58,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant smoke inhaled for rheumatism.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 58"
32860,3340,Rhododendron maximum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,52,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of leaf taken for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"
33256,3355,Rhus typhina L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,192,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Infusion of plant with choke cherry, oak, yellow birch and dogwood used for rheumatism.","Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 192"
33976,3422,Rosa californica Cham. & Schlecht.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,18,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of fruit 'hips' used for rheumatism.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 18"
34284,3438,Rubus allegheniensis Porter,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,26,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion given for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26"
34347,3442,Rubus argutus Link,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,26,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion given for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26"
34411,3448,Rubus flagellaris Willd.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,26,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion given for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26"
35047,3471,Rubus trivialis Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,26,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion given for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26"
35498,3496,Rumex venosus Pursh,183,Paiute,12,tha41,132133,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root taken for rheumatism.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 132133"
35581,3510,Sagittaria latifolia Willd.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,273,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of plant taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 273"
35715,3523,Salix caroliniana Michx.,228,Seminole,88,s54,248,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Infusion of plant taken by men for menstruation sickness: stomachache, headache and body soreness.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 248"
36152,3551,Salix sp.,59,Creek,115,t40,12,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 12"
36483,3564,Sambucus nigra L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,33,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of berry used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"
36596,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,259,Thompson,10,tta90,199,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of finely chopped bark taken for arthritis. One informant cautioned that this decoction must be boiled in a non-metal pot or it would become poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 199"
36644,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,33,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of berry used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"
36760,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,33,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Fermented decoction of berries taken for 'rheumatism' (neuritis).,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 33"
36823,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,42,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"
36834,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,259,Thompson,55,p52,42,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"
37085,3577,Sanicula marilandica L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,61,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Roots used for rheumatism.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 61"
37214,3589,Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,54,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion taken for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54"
37241,3589,Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees,100,Iroquois,7,h77,333,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound infusion of plant with whisky taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 333"
37839,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,60,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of root taken three times a day for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60"
38033,3687,Silphium perfoliatum L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,365,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of root taken for lumbago and other rheumatic back pains.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 365"
38038,3687,Silphium perfoliatum L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,132,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root used in smoke treatment for rheumatism.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132"
38043,3687,Silphium perfoliatum L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,132,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root used in smoke treatment for rheumatism.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132"
38047,3687,Silphium perfoliatum L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,132,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Root used in smoke treatment for rheumatism.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132"
38175,3709,Smilax glauca Walt.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
38185,3710,Smilax herbacea L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
38215,3712,Smilax pseudochina L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
38224,3713,Smilax rotundifolia L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
38568,3762,Sorbus sitchensis M. Roemer,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,210,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of root and branch bark taken for rheumatism.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 210"
38583,3764,Sorbus sitchensis var. sitchensis,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,59,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root bark or stem bark taken or used as bath for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 59"
38849,3819,Staphylea trifolia L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,377,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound infusion of plants taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 377"
39289,3891,Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz-Bip.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,60,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 60"
39436,3901,Taxus baccata L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,264,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 264"
39572,3903,Taxus canadensis Marsh.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,163,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163"
39573,3903,Taxus canadensis Marsh.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,123,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of needles used for rheumatism.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 123"
39579,3903,Taxus canadensis Marsh.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,362,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction of twigs taken for rheumatism.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362"
39617,3911,Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers.,30,Catawba,75,s37,187,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Speck, Frank G., 1937, Catawba Medicines and Curative Practices, Publications of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 1:179-197, page 187"
39840,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,130,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of branches taken for rheumatism.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 130"
40836,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,164,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164"
40837,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,163,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163"
40867,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
40984,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,44,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Decoction or infusion of bark, from inside of a crevice, taken for rheumatic fever.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 44"
41831,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,209,Quileute,25,g73,28,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of pounded roots taken for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
41855,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,254,Tanaina,94,s73,329,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for diseases from rheumatism to tuberculosis.,"Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 329"
42054,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,76,Flathead,30,h92,63,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of roots and stems taken for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 63"
42683,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,88,Hanaksiala,14,c93,201,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of roots taken for various types of swellings.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201"
42730,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,210,Quinault,25,g73,24,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of whole plant taken for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
42757,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,19,Atsugewi,129,g53,140,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 140"
42758,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,19,Atsugewi,129,g53,140,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 140"
42985,4127,Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,435,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 435"
43202,4140,Vicia caroliniana Walt.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound used for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
43478,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,362,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of root taken for rheumatism.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362"
43656,4211,Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray,131,Mahuna,5,r54,69,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 69"