id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
50,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,21,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Pitch used for menstrual irregularity.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
1065,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,225,Sanpoil,44,r32,218,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of stems and leaves used to cause abortion.,"Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem:  Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 218"
1276,55,Acorus calamus L.,62,Delaware,97,t72,37,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of roots used for suppressed menses.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 37"
1280,55,Acorus calamus L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 74",2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound containing root taken for suppressed menses.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 74"
1312,55,Acorus calamus L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of root used for irregular periods.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
1331,55,Acorus calamus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of root taken for suppressed menses.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
1388,55,Acorus calamus L.,239,"Sioux, Fort Peck",73,b05,5,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used to cause abortion.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
1418,60,Actaea racemosa var. racemosa,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,30,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used to stimulate menstruation.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"
1983,126,Aletris farinosa L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,54,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Root used as an emmenagogue.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 54"
1987,127,Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,56,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Nut shells and gourds burned and the resulting smoke or fumes entered the vagina for swollen wombs.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 56"
2353,168,Alnus incana (L.) Moench,120,Kutenai,30,h92,5,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of bark taken for menstrual regulation.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 5"
2645,176,Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,27,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant used in a steam treatment to bring about menstruation.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 27"
2839,196,Ambrosia acanthicarpa Hook.,291,Zuni,6,s15,"51, 52",2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of whole plant taken and used as wash for 'obstructed menstruation.',"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 51, 52"
3421,259,Angelica atropurpurea L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,23,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,'Root tonic' taken for obstructed menses.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 23"
3781,297,Apocynum cannabinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,38,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Root used for pox and 'uterine obstructions.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
4014,318,Aralia nudicaulis L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,358,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Simple or compound decoction of root taken for 'stoppage of periods.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"
4096,319,Aralia racemosa L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,358,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of root taken for 'stoppage of periods.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"
4110,319,Aralia racemosa L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,393,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Plant used to promote menstruation when stopped by a cold.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 393"
4560,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,29,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of whole plant and velvet leaf blueberry taken to bring menstruation.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 29"
4871,374,Aristolochia serpentaria L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion taken for obstructions.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
4910,377,Armoracia rusticana P.G. Gaertn.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for 'obstructed menses.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
4987,388,Artemisia campestris L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,60,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of leaves taken to abort difficult pregnancies.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60"
5010,389,Artemisia campestris ssp. borealis var. borealis (Pallas) M.E. Peck,138,Menominee,51,s23,29,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound infusion of leaf taken to restore menstrual flow.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 29"
5062,394,Artemisia douglasiana Bess.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,12,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant used when the menstrual flow had stopped.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 12"
5108,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,356,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of root taken for 'stoppage of periods.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"
5109,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,356,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion or decoction of root or leaf and stalk used for 'stoppage of periods.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"
5154,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,134,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant taken for irregular menstruation.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134"
5263,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,61,Dakota,17,g19,134,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant taken and used as wash for irregular menstruation.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134"
5287,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,177,Omaha,17,g19,134,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant taken and used as wash for irregular menstruation.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134"
5289,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,134,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant taken and used as wash for irregular menstruation.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134"
5291,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,205,Ponca,17,g19,134,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant taken and used as wash for irregular menstruation.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134"
5295,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,238,Sioux,30,h92,45,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction used for menstrual irregularity.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 45"
5952,421,Asarum canadense L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"35, 36",2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for 'scant or painful menstruation' and infusion taken 'to start periods.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35, 36"
6416,457,Asplenium trichomanes L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Taken for irregular menses.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
7129,579,Betula occidentalis Hook.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,60,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of flowers and leaves taken when bundle to stop conception fails.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60"
7130,579,Betula occidentalis Hook.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,60,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Flowers and leaves included in two separate bundles and used to stop conception.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60"
8123,752,Carex sp.,247,Songish,23,tb71,73,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Leaves eaten to induce abortions.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 73"
8259,762,Carya alba (L.) Nutt. ex Ell.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,38,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for female obstructions.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
8306,766,Carya laciniosa (Michx. f.) G. Don,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,38,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for female obstructions.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
8375,768,Carya pallida (Ashe) Engl. & Graebn.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,38,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for female obstructions.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
8452,778,Castilleja angustifolia (Nutt.) G. Don,209,Quileute,25,g73,46,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of whole plant taken to regulate menstruation.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 46"
8595,807,Ceanothus americanus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,381,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of roots taken for suppressed menses from catching cold.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 381"
8596,807,Ceanothus americanus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,381,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction taken as an abortifacient when fetus is hurt within 2 or 3 months.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 381"
8745,820,Celastrus scandens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,376,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of roots taken by young girls who catch cold and don't menstruate.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 376"
8746,820,Celastrus scandens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,376,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of leaves and stems taken as a regulator by women.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 376"
8799,824,Celtis occidentalis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,306,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,"Decoction taken 'for suppressed menses in girls, cause: working in the sun.'","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 306"
9140,863,Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of flower or herb used for 'female obstructions.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
9443,895,Chenopodium ambrosioides L.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,14,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Roots used for delayed menstrual period.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 14"
10426,1040,Cocos nucifera L.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,73,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Fruit shells burned and the smoke used for swollen wombs.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 73"
11478,1142,Croton californicus Muell.-Arg.,128,Luiseno,24,s08,231,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Plant used for abortions.,"Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 231"
12663,1327,Draba incerta Payson,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,60,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Plant used to cause abortions.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60"
12931,1369,Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Gray,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,40,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Taken for 'obstructed menses.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 40"
13354,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,54,Cree,146,j87,16,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant and two unknown roots used to correct menstrual irregularities.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 16"
13355,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,54,Cree,30,h92,58,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for irregular menstruation.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 58"
13401,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,15,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,"Decoction taken to regulate menses, informant insisted not an abortive.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13422,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,50,Costanoan,16,b84,4,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant used for retarded menstruation.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 4"
13477,1428,Equisetum sp.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,4,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant used for retarded menstruation.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 4"
13771,1480,Erigeron philadelphicus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,35,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Taken for 'suppressed menstruation.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
13797,1481,Erigeron pulchellus Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,35,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Taken for 'suppressed menstruation.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
14424,1574,Euonymus americana L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,375,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plants taken for suppressed menses.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 375"
14425,1574,Euonymus americana L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,375,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,"Decoction taken to stimulate suppressed menses, do not take when pregnant.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 375"
14485,1580,Eupatorium perfoliatum L.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,142,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Root used to correct irregular menses.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 142"
14667,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,302,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,"Bark used for abortions, only when mother was suffering.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 302"
14865,1635,Fragaria sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,352,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of whole plant taken by women to regulate menses.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 352"
14996,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,134,Malecite,93,mech59,258,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant and dwarf raspberry used for irregular menstruation.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 258"
14999,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,56,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Parts of plant used for irregular menstruation.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56"
15178,1655,Fraxinus americana L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,172,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of bark taken by women to provoke menses.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 172"
15179,1655,Fraxinus americana L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,154,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used as an emmenagogue.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154"
15485,1684,Galium boreale L.,39,Choctaw,138,c51,287,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of whole plant used as a 'deobstruent.',"Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 287"
15548,1696,Garrya elliptica Dougl. ex Lindl.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,106,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of leaves taken to bring on a woman's period.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 106"
16212,1780,Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal,54,Cree,145,b41,485,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used to prevent childbearing.,"Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, page 485"
16466,1806,Hedeoma pulegioides (L.) Pers.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,48,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion taken for 'obstructed menses.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 48"
16763,1850,Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa (Pursh) Steyermark,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,129,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of roots taken for amenorrhea.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 129"
16985,1860,Heteromeles arbutifolia (Lindl.) M. Roemer,51,Costanoan (Olhonean),109,m66,373,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of leaves taken 'for suppression of menses or irregular menses of girls.',"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 373"
17478,1926,Hydrangea arborescens L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,54,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound infusion taken for menstrual period.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54"
17626,1960,Hypericum ellipticum Hook.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,386,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of stems taken after the remedy for the suppression of menses.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 386"
17630,1962,Hypericum gentianoides (L.) B.S.P.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,53,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction taken 'to promote menstruation.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"
17639,1963,Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,53,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction taken 'to promote menstruation.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"
17663,1966,Hypericum perforatum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,53,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction taken 'to promote menstruation.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"
17692,1974,Hyssopus officinalis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,40,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion taken to 'bring on menses.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 40"
18132,2021,Iva axillaris Pursh,131,Mahuna,5,r54,67,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Plant used to cause abortions.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 67"
19131,2064,Juniperus virginiana L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for 'female obstructions.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
20260,2183,Lilium canadense L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,258,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant and sweet viburnum roots used for irregular menstruation.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 258"
20261,2183,Lilium canadense L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,58,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Parts of plant used for irregular menstruation.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 58"
20342,2198,Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,56,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Taken for female obstructions.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56"
20372,2199,Lindera benzoin var. benzoin,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,33,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion taken to correct delayed menses.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 33"
21634,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Raw root chewed by women to effect an abortion.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21635,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,101,ttco83,78,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Roots chewed to induce an abortion.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
22191,2390,Malus coronaria var. coronaria,100,Iroquois,7,h77,351,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of roots taken for suppressed menses.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 351"
23101,2494,Mitchella repens L.,62,Delaware,97,t72,36,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion used for suppressed menstruations to strengthen the female generative organs.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 36"
23103,2494,Mitchella repens L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"30, 76",2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant taken for 'suppressed menses.',"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 30, 76"
23174,2503,Monarda didyma L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for female obstructions.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
23196,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for female obstructions.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
23633,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion used for female obstructions.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
24829,2670,Opuntia sp.,125,Lakota,108,r80,42,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Roots and soapweed roots used as 'medicine for not give birth.',"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 42"
24889,2676,Orbexilum pedunculatum var. psoralioides (Walt.) Isely,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion taken for obstructed menstruation.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
25656,2770,Pedicularis canadensis L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"74, 130",2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of leaves taken to induce abortion.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 74, 130"
26071,2837,Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng.,228,Seminole,88,s54,320,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of leaves taken to abort a fetus up to about four months old.,"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 320"
26239,2848,Petroselinum crispum (P. Mill.) Nyman ex A.W. Hill,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,47,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of top and root taken as an abortive for 'female obstructions.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47"
26536,2896,Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & M.C. Johnston,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,344,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of roots taken for abortions.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 344"
26558,2899,Phoradendron villosum (Nutt.) Nutt.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,49,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant taken first two months of pregnancy to cause an abortion.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49"
26560,2899,Phoradendron villosum (Nutt.) Nutt.,200,Pomo,80,g67,13,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of leaves taken to bring on delayed menstruation.,"Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13"
26561,2899,Phoradendron villosum (Nutt.) Nutt.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,72,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of leaves used for delayed menstruation.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 72"
26733,2924,Physaria didymocarpa (Hook.) Gray,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,61,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant taken in small amounts to abort.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 61"
27998,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Green buds never chewed by pregnant women because it would cause a miscarriage.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28560,3017,Platanus occidentalis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,58,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction taken 'for menstrual period.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 58"
28773,3046,Polygala senega L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used as an emmenagogue.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
29495,3103,Populus grandidentata Michx.,54,Cree,145,b41,485,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used to prevent childbearing.,"Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, page 485"
29696,3107,Porophyllum gracile Benth.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,122,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of root taken as 'a regulator for delayed menstruation.',"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 122"
29697,3107,Porophyllum gracile Benth.,232,Shoshoni,111,m90,46,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Plant used to regulate delayed menstruation.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 46"
31552,3219,Pterocaulon virgatum (L.) DC.,228,Seminole,88,s54,284,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant used 'to correct irregularities and to relieve menstrual pain.',"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 284"
31593,3225,Pulsatilla patens ssp. multifida (Pritz.) Zamels,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,60,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Plant used to cause abortions.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60"
31751,3236,Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D. Jackson ex B.L. Robins. & Fern.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,358,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of powdered root taken for 'stoppage of periods.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"
32023,3259,Quercus ellipsoidalis E.J. Hill,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of inner bark taken for suppressed menses caused by cold.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
32289,3273,Quercus macrocarpa Michx.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of inner bark taken for suppressed menses caused by cold.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
33029,3351,Rhus sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,370,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of roots taken for irregular menses.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 370"
33749,3397,Ribes triste Pallas,38,Chippewa,4,d28,358,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of stalk taken for 'stoppage of periods.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"
34422,3449,Rubus frondosus Bigelow,38,Chippewa,4,d28,358,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of root taken for 'stoppage of periods.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"
34903,3468,Rubus pubescens var. pubescens,134,Malecite,93,mech59,258,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant and wild strawberry used for irregular menstruation.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 258"
34904,3468,Rubus pubescens var. pubescens,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,61,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Parts of plant used for irregular menstruation.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 61"
34908,3469,Rubus sp.,27,Carrier,134,c73,79,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of stems taken by women with sickness in their womb.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 79"
35468,3493,Rumex salicifolius var. mexicanus (Meisn.) C.L. Hitchc.,96,Houma,49,speck41,"56, 57",2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of white root used to regulate menstruation.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 56, 57"
36864,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,87,Haisla and Hanaksiala,14,c93,229,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Leaves boiled and used to shorten pregnancy.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229"
36930,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,154,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used as an abortifacient.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154"
37015,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of root used for irregular periods.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
37024,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,141,Micmac,188,r48,56,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used as an abortifacient.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 56"
37068,3575,Sanicula canadensis L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,358,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of powdered root taken for 'stoppage of periods.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"
37081,3577,Sanicula marilandica L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,258,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of bulb roots used for irregular menstruation.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 258"
37083,3577,Sanicula marilandica L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,61,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Roots used for irregular menstruation.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 61"
37180,3588,Sarracenia purpurea L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,59,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction or infusion of leaves taken for sickness associated with absence of menstrual period.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 59"
37577,3623,Scutellaria elliptica Muhl. ex Spreng.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of root used for monthly period.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
37586,3625,Scutellaria incana Biehler,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of root used for monthly period.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
37591,3626,Scutellaria lateriflora L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of root used for monthly period.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
38020,3687,Silphium perfoliatum L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,358,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Simple or compound decoction of root taken for 'stoppage of periods.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"
38442,3740,Solidago odora Ait.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,36,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for 'female obstructions.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36"
38509,3755,Sonchus oleraceus L.,96,Houma,49,speck41,64,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant taken to 'make tardy menstruation come.',"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 64"
38939,3835,Stillingia sp.,59,Creek,128,swan28,662,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of root used as a wash for irregular periods.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 662"
38997,3842,Stylosanthes biflora (L.) B.S.P.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,57,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound used to promote menstruation.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57"
39056,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,120,Kutenai,30,h92,59,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of cut branches taken for menstrual disorders.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 59"
39203,3876,Symphyotrichum puniceum var. puniceum,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,31,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of roots taken for failure to menstruate.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 31"
39299,3892,Tanacetum vulgare L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,358,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,"Decoction of leaf taken, especially by young girls, for 'stoppage of period.'","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"
39433,3901,Taxus baccata L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,264,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound taken for menstruation when stopped by a cold.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 264"
39577,3903,Taxus canadensis Marsh.,8,"Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule",113,ray45,132,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,"Infusion of young branches, alone or with other plants, used for stomachaches and irregular menses.","Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 132"
39627,3911,Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers.,59,Creek,128,swan28,658,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of plant taken and used as wash for irregular menstruation.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 658"
39642,3914,Tetradymia canescens DC.,157,Navajo,141,h56,156,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant used as bath for (inducing?) menstruation.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 156"
39890,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,46,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of dried inner bark taken during a cold to treat suppressed menses.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 46"
39944,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Chewed bark or decoction of bark taken to induce menstruation.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40704,4020,Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb.,138,Menominee,51,s23,41,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of root taken for 'irregularity of the menses.',"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 41"
40752,4027,Triosteum perfoliatum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,444,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of roots taken for irregular or profuse menses.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 444"
42102,4079,Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,63,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of leafy stems used to bring menstruation.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 63"
42103,4079,Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,63,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant used to bring menstruation.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 63"
42702,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,273,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Juice taken by women to bring about an abortion.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 273"
42853,4108,Verbena hastata L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used for female obstructions.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
42911,4118,Verbesina virginica L.,35,Chickasaw,138,c51,289,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Plant used as a 'deobstruant.',"Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 289"
43105,4132,Viburnum lentago L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,258,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of roots used for irregular menstruation.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 258"
43107,4132,Viburnum lentago L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,63,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Roots used for irregular menstruation.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 63"
43223,4144,Vicia sativa ssp. nigra (L.) Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,365,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of plant taken by women with suppressed menses.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 365"
44127,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,125,Lakota,108,r80,28,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Roots and prickly pear cactus roots used as 'medicine for not give birth.',"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 28"
44318,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,368,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of bark taken to promote miscarriage.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 368"