id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
36672,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,62,Delaware,97,t72,31,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Leaves and stems used for jaundice.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31"
36677,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,26,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Leaves and stems used for jaundice.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26"
36703,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,100,Iroquois,7,h77,450,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of bark taken to vomit up gall.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 450"
36836,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,199,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of white roots and cascara bark taken for liver diseases.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 199"
36996,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,337,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Compound infusion of roots taken as a gall medicine.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 337"
37191,3588,Sarracenia purpurea L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,343,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Compound infusion of whole roots taken for liver sickness.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 343"
37731,3654,Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb. ex D. Don) Endl.,96,Houma,49,speck41,61,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of inner bark in whiskey taken for jaundice and to purify the blood.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 61"
37913,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,209,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Berry juice used for gallstones.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209"
38390,3734,Solidago canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,461,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of flowers taken as an emetic for too much gall.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 461"
38432,3737,Solidago juncea Ait.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,460,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of plants taken for jaundice.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 460"
38435,3739,Solidago nemoralis Ait.,96,Houma,49,speck41,66,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Decoction of root taken for 'yellow jaundice.',"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 66"
38454,3741,Solidago rugosa P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,461,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Whole plant used for biliousness and as liver medicine.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 461"
38799,3809,Sporobolus heterolepis (Gray) Gray,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,200,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Decoction of root taken as an emetic 'to remove bile.',"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200"
39309,3892,Tanacetum vulgare L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,472,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Poultice of smashed leaves applied to body pains caused by too much gall.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 472"
39737,3926,Thalictrum pubescens Pursh,100,Iroquois,7,h77,327,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Compound infusion of roots taken as a gall medicine.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 327"
40957,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Cambium used for the gall bladder.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
42888,4111,Verbena officinalis L.,96,Houma,49,speck41,65,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Decoction of roots taken for kidney and liver trouble.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 65"
42975,4127,Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,31,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Compound taken for 'inactive liver.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31"
43126,4134,Viburnum opulus L.,100,Iroquois,107,p10,96,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Berries considered 'good' for the liver.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"
43340,4169,Vitis aestivalis Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of leaf taken for liver.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
43426,4176,Vitis labrusca L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of leaf taken for liver.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
43470,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of leaf taken for liver.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
43684,4213,Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh.,30,Catawba,115,t40,22,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Decoction of plant taken for jaundice.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 22"
43685,4213,Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh.,30,Catawba,75,s37,188,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Decoction of roots taken for jaundice.,"Speck, Frank G., 1937, Catawba Medicines and Curative Practices, Publications of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 1:179-197, page 188"