id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
25267,2723,Oxytropis sp.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,468,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Plant used in the sweatbath for rheumatism and various aches.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 468"
25283,2726,Packera aurea (L.) A.& D. L”ve,100,Iroquois,7,h77,473,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Roots used as a diaphoretic.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 473"
25351,2733,Panax quinquefolius L.,59,Creek,115,t40,44,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of plant taken to produce sweating for fevers.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 44"
25415,2734,Panax sp.,59,Creek,128,swan28,656,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,"Compound decoction of root taken to induce sweating, reducing fever.","Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 656"
25974,2829,Pericome caudata Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,52,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of root used as a sweatbath medicine.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52"
26165,2838,Persea palustris (Raf.) Sarg.,59,Creek,138,c51,289,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of root used as a diaphoretic in 'fevers of all descriptions.',"Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 289"
27692,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,291,Zuni,6,s15,"57, 58",2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Needles chewed and swallowed as a diaphoretic.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 57, 58"
28156,2975,Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl.,285,Yokia,89,c02,307,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Burning twigs and leaves used as sweat bath for rheumatism pain and bruises.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 307"
28477,3001,Plantago major L.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,64,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Leaf rubbed on the body to produce sweating.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 64"
28777,3046,Polygala senega L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Used as a sudorific.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
29190,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,54,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Branches with leaves used in a sweat bath for pains similar to rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54"
29654,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,192,Penobscot,103,s17,310,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of bark taken as a diaphoretic for colds.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310"
29757,3115,Porteranthus trifoliatus (L.) Britt.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,350,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of roots taken to cause sweating.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 350"
31606,3225,Pulsatilla patens ssp. multifida (Pritz.) Zamels,78,Gitksan,9,s29,57,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Eaten or decoction taken in sweatbath for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 57"
31727,3232,Pycnanthemum albescens Torr. & Gray,39,Choctaw,115,t40,54,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of leaves taken to cause sweating for colds.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 54"
31728,3232,Pycnanthemum albescens Torr. & Gray,39,Choctaw,118,bd09,24,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Hot decoction of leaves taken as diaphoretic for colds.,"Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 24"
34031,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,209,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Roots and sprouts used in steambaths.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 209"
35938,3536,Salix lasiolepis Benth.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,331,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of bark taken to cause sweating for any disease.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 331"
36450,3560,Salvia lyrata L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,53,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Used as a mild diaphoretic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"
36472,3562,Salvia officinalis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,53,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Used as a mild diaphoretic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"
36487,3564,Sambucus nigra L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,33,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of flowers taken to 'sweat out fever.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"
36522,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,62,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of leaves and flowers used as steambath to cause perspiration.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 62"
36648,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,33,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of flowers taken to 'sweat out fever.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"
37105,3582,Sanvitalia abertii Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Plant used to increase perspiration.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
38446,3740,Solidago odora Ait.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,36,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion taken as a diaphoretic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36"
38922,3831,Stephanomeria spinosa (Nutt.) S. Tomb,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,22,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of smashed roots taken and used as a steambath to cause sweating for colds.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 22"
38987,3840,Streptopus lanceolatus var. roseus (Michx.) Reveal,150,Montagnais,103,s17,314,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of blossoms taken to cause sweating.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 314"
39204,3876,Symphyotrichum puniceum var. puniceum,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,31,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of roots taken to cause sweating and reduce a fever.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 31"
39300,3892,Tanacetum vulgare L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,354,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Compound infusion of leaves taken to 'produce profuse perspiration.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 354"
39320,3892,Tanacetum vulgare L.,154,Nanticoke,22,t42,"58, 84",2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Whole plant used as a sudorific.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 58, 84"
39440,3901,Taxus baccata L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,264,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Used for colds and sweating.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 264"
39447,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,16,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of crushed leaves used as a wash to cause perspiring.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39756,3930,Thamnosma montana Torr. & Fr‚m.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,67,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Powdered plant caused men to sweat.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 67"
39893,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,46,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Plant used in the sudatory.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 46"
39906,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,150,Montagnais,103,s17,315,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of bruised twigs taken to cause sweating.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 315"
39911,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,380,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Compound containing leaves used in the sweatbath.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 380"
40407,3966,Torreya californica Torr.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,6,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Smashed nuts and fat rubbed on body to cause sweating.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 6"
40755,4027,Triosteum perfoliatum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,445,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Root used to cause sweating.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 445"
40778,4029,Tripterocalyx carnea var. wootonii (Standl.) L.A. Gal.,291,Zuni,6,s15,61,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Crushed leaves used in sweatbath for snake bite.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 61"
40873,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of twigs and bark taken to induce sweating.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
40894,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,138,Menominee,51,s23,46,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Leaves used in the sudatory.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 46"
40919,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,71,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,"Infusion of leaves taken to cause perspiration, which broke up a cold.","Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 71"
41810,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,146,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Plant used as an inhalant in the sweatbath for grippe or pneumonia.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 146"
42105,4079,Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,63,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of leafy stem used to make a person sweat.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 63"
42106,4079,Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,63,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of plant used to make a person sweat.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 63"
42736,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,76,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Roots used in medicinal sweatbaths.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 76"
42763,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,19,Atsugewi,129,g53,140,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Crushed leaves rubbed over the body in the sweatbath.,"Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 140"
42860,4108,Verbena hastata L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Used as a sudorific.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
42971,4127,Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,31,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Root used as a diaphoretic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31"
43009,4128,Viburnum acerifolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Root bark taken as a diaphoretic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
43119,4133,Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides (L.) Torr. & Gray,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Root bark used as a diaphoretic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
43170,4136,Viburnum prunifolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Root bark taken as a diaphoretic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
43593,4199,Wyethia angustifolia (DC.) Nutt.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,174,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of leaves used as a bath for fever and produced perspiration.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 174"
44547,4247,Zigadenus elegans Pursh,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,78,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Eleven plants used in sweatbath. An infusion of eleven plants was sprinkled on hot rocks to form dense steam.  Men stayed in the sweat bath for three to five minutes for several successive evenings before the deer hunt or race.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 78"
44634,4253,Zinnia grandiflora Nutt.,291,Zuni,6,s15,45,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Plant used in a sweatbath for fever.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 45"