id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
30541,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Leaves used as a yellow dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
31335,3204,Psilostrophe tagetina (Nutt.) Greene,15,"Apache, White Mountain",45,r29,160,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Blossoms used to make a yellow dye.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 160"
31336,3204,Psilostrophe tagetina (Nutt.) Greene,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,64,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Boiled, crushed flowers used for yellow paint or dye.","Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 64"
31346,3204,Psilostrophe tagetina (Nutt.) Greene,291,Zuni,6,s15,80,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Blossoms used to make a yellow dye.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 80"
32567,3294,Quercus virginiana P. Mill.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,55,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Bark blended with other oak barks and roots and used to make a yellow dye for buckskins.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 55"
32704,3314,Ranunculus pensylvanicus L. f.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,123,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Entire plant boiled with rushes or flags to dye them yellow; used to make mats or baskets.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 123"
32924,3347,Rhus glabra L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,374,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Inner bark, bloodroot and wild plum inner bark used to make a yellow dye.","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 374"
32925,3347,Rhus glabra L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,373,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Stalk pulp used to make a light yellow dye.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 373"
32953,3347,Rhus glabra L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,271,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Root used to dye rush mats and woven bark mats yellow.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 271"
32982,3347,Rhus glabra L.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,325,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Inner bark used to make a yellow dye.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 325"
32983,3347,Rhus glabra L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,99,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots used to make a yellow dye.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 99"
32993,3347,Rhus glabra L.,198,Plains Indian,30,h92,55,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Leaves, bark and roots used to make a yellow-tan dye.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 55"
33011,3347,Rhus glabra L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,99,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots used to make a yellow dye.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 99"
33286,3355,Rhus typhina L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,77,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots boiled for yellow dye.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 77"
35143,3476,Rudbeckia hirta L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,117,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Disk florets boiled with rushes to dye them yellow. Rushes used to make woven mats.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 117"
35246,3485,Rumex crispus L.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,172,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Leaves and stems boiled and used as a yellow dye.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 172"
35250,3485,Rumex crispus L.,39,Choctaw,118,bd09,14,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Pounded, dry roots boiled and used as a yellow dye.","Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 14"
35329,3485,Rumex crispus L.,193,Pima,11,c49,51,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Roots pounded, boiled and used to make a yellow dye.","Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 51"
35382,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Dried, ground roots used as a yellow dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely.  When ready for use, the dried roots were ground.  By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red.  Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained.  If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye.  When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
35383,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Fresh, crushed roots mixed with alum, made into soft paste and rubbed into wool as a gold dye.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
35412,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,193,Pima,11,c49,51,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Dry roots crushed, placed in water and used as a yellow dye for basket making.","Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 51"
35493,3496,Rumex venosus Pursh,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,172,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots and dried leaves boiled and used as a yellow dye.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 172"
36638,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,138,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Stems used to make a yellow dye.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 138"
36947,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,374,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Double handful of shredded roots boiled with wild plum roots to make a dark yellow dye.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 374"
36948,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,373,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Green or dried roots pounded and steeped to make a dark yellow dye.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 373"
37050,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,426,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Fresh or dried roots used as a dark yellow dye to paint faces with clan marks. The roots were used in four or five combinations in dyeing various materials.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 426"
39279,3886,Tagetes erecta L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Flowers used to make a yellow dye.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
39654,3914,Tetradymia canescens DC.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,53,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Flowers with two other plants used as a yellow dye for wool.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 53"
39822,3945,Thermopsis rhombifolia (Nutt. ex Pursh) Nutt. ex Richards.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,123,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Yellow petals rubbed on arrow shafts for coloring.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123"
41924,4064,Usnea sp.,133,Makah,3,g83,211,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Used as a source of yellow dye.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 211"
42910,4117,Verbesina sp.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,74,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Petals mixed with white clay and used as a yellow dye for cotton.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 74"
43696,4213,Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Entire plant crushed and used to make a yellow dye.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
44623,4253,Zinnia grandiflora Nutt.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,38,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Flowers rubbed into buckskin as a yellow dye.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
44624,4253,Zinnia grandiflora Nutt.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,38,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Flowers, ground with white clay or mixed with warm water, used as yellow dye for wool.","Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 38"