id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
4267,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,173,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied to the head for headaches.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 173"
4268,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,155,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for headaches.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
8253,761,Carum carvi L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,155,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used as an analgesic.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
10821,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,170,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of whole plant taken for side pains.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 170"
10822,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,155,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for side pains.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
28388,3001,Plantago major L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,172,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied for pain.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 172"
32645,3300,Ranunculus acris L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,166,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Flowers and leaves smashed and sniffed for headaches.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 166"
32646,3300,Ranunculus acris L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,155,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for headaches.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
993,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,426,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of leaves taken for pains in stomach, throat, chest and muscles.","Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426"
3519,265,Angelica lucida L.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,427,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied for internal or external pain.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427"
21488,2321,Lycopodium clavatum L.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,427,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken for postpartum pain.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427"
22466,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,426,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of leaves taken for stomach pains, especially from gas.","Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426"
22942,2462,Menyanthes trifoliata L.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,427,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of roots taken for gas pains, constipation and rheumatism.","Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427"
1445,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,6,Algonquin,202,b36,142,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Used for stomach pains, in some seasons for males, other seasons for females.","Bradley, Will T., 1936, Medical Practices of the New England Aborigines, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association 25(2):138-147, page 142"
730,38,Achillea millefolium L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,240,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Crushed leaves used as a snuff for headaches.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 240"
10505,1055,Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,149,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken or crushed leaf perfume inhaled for headaches.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 149"
15571,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,216,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant used for headaches and general discomforts.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 216"
19761,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,214,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant used for headaches.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 214"
734,38,Achillea millefolium L.,8,"Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule",113,ray45,118,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and flowers used for headaches.,"Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118"
19245,2070,Kalmia angustifolia L.,8,"Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule",113,ray45,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves boiled and used for headaches.,"Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 129"
43088,4131,Viburnum lantanoides Michx.,8,"Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule",113,ray45,134,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves mashed and rubbed on the head for migraines.,"Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 134"
31349,3205,Psoralidium lanceolatum (Pursh) Rydb.,17,Arapaho,139,n66,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves used on the head for headaches.,"Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48"
31350,3205,Psoralidium lanceolatum (Pursh) Rydb.,17,Arapaho,139,n66,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Snuff of leaves and sneezeweed blossoms inhaled for headaches.,"Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48"
20223,2179,Ligusticum grayi Coult. & Rose,19,Atsugewi,129,g53,140,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used to avoid pains.,"Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 140"
2413,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of compound containing buds applied for lung or hip pains.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 55"
3606,275,Antennaria howellii Greene,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,65,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of leaves taken for body pain, but not pain in the limbs.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
4009,318,Aralia nudicaulis L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 61"
5881,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,59,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 59"
6041,422,Asarum caudatum Lindl.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,56,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of plant used externally for headache, intestinal pain and knee pain.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 56"
15889,1735,Geum macrophyllum Willd.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,59,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 59"
16779,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of compound containing roots used for lung or hip pains.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 61"
18429,2054,Juniperus communis L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of roots, leaves, branches and bark taken for stomach pain.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 49"
19367,2083,Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fern.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,65,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of root taken for body pain, but not pain in the limbs.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
19768,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,63,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63"
22595,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,63,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of entire plant taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63"
24083,2596,Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,56,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for pain in any part of the body.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 56"
26783,2929,Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,59,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of inner bark taken as an emetic by 'persons dizzy with pain.',"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 59"
27142,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,"51, 52",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of cones taken for pain and bark used as steam bed for backache.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51, 52"
29023,3080,Polypodium virginianum L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Simple or compound decoction taken for stomach pains.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 48"
29186,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Branches with leaves used in a sweat bath for pains similar to rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54"
29187,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of rotten leaves used as a bath for body pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54"
29188,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of compound containing buds applied for lung or hip pains.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54"
29864,3136,Prenanthes alata (Hook.) D. Dietr.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,65,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of chewed root applied to any painful part of body.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
31246,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,51,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Gum mixed with dogfish oil and taken as emetic and purgative for intestinal pains.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
34142,3432,Rosa sp.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,59,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots and branches taken as a purgative for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 59"
35186,3482,Rumex aquaticus var. fenestratus (Greene) Dorn,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,56,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used in a sweatbath for pains similar to rheumatism all over body.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 56"
36772,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,64,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots used as an emetic and purgative for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 64"
39335,3894,Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,65,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
39926,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of powdered leaves used externally for various internal pains.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 49"
41749,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used in a sweatbath for pains similar to rheumatism all over the body.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 55"
42632,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,53,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bulbs taken or pieces of root swallowed for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53"
214,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,79,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Needle smudge smoke inhaled for headaches.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 79"
741,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,65,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken or rubbed on the body to soothe the pain of gastroenteritis.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 65"
1178,55,Acorus calamus L.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Rootstock ground, mixed with tobacco and smoked inhaled for headaches.","Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
2240,160,Allium sp.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,79,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant smudge smoke inhaled for headaches.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 79"
3345,250,Anemone multifida var. hudsoniana DC.,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,274275,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cottony flower burned on hot coals for headache.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 274275"
16031,1758,Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,72,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for chest pains.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 72"
20143,2167,Liatris punctata var. punctata,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,274,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for stomachache.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 274"
22597,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,51,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried leaves chewed and swallowed for chest pains.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 51"
25808,2798,Penstemon acuminatus Dougl. ex Lindl.,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,276,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken for stomach pain.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 276"
26734,2924,Physaria didymocarpa (Hook.) Gray,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,274,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant chewed for cramps and stomach trouble.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 274"
31594,3225,Pulsatilla patens ssp. multifida (Pritz.) Zamels,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Ripe seed head 'cotton' burned on hot coals and the smoke inhaled for headaches.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 35"
35761,3525,Salix discolor Muhl.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of new twigs taken as a painkiller.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 28"
42626,4103,Veratrum californicum var. californicum,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,275,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Small piece of root snuffed up nose for headache.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 275"
42646,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,25,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poisonous roots dried, crushed and snuffed for headaches.","Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 25"
6171,441,Asclepias sp.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,43,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Gum applied to insect sting pain.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 43"
12126,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Powdered leaves made into an ointment and applied as a pain killer in setting bones.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60"
12127,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Powdered leaves made into an ointment and applied for pain in specific areas of the body.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 60"
29463,3102,Populus fremontii S. Wats.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,106,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark and leaves used to wet a handkerchief and tie it around the head for headaches.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 106"
33972,3422,Rosa californica Cham. & Schlecht.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,133,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of blossoms used for infant pain.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 133"
41613,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,143,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used for headaches.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 143"
41867,4060,Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea (Nutt.) Thorne,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,143,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for headaches and sore backs.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 143"
11010,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,27,Carrier,134,c73,71,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of water soaked, inner bark applied with warmed ashes as a pain killer.","Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 71"
24410,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,27,Carrier,134,c73,82,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of bark scrapings applied or bark pills taken for pain.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 82"
41756,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,27,Carrier,134,c73,83,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used as whip for pain.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 83"
5427,400,Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. incompta (Nutt.) Keck,28,"Carrier, Northern",9,s29,65,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Hot infusion of plant taken for headache.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
24411,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,28,"Carrier, Northern",9,s29,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Inner bark taken for stomach and bowel cramps.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62"
18443,2054,Juniperus communis L.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Steam from boiling branches inhaled for headache and chest pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 49"
21491,2321,Lycopodium clavatum L.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Moss inserted into the nose to cause bleeding for headaches.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 48"
27163,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,"51, 52",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of new shoots and bark taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51, 52"
27403,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,"49, 50",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of new shoots taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 49, 50"
29582,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54"
43246,4150,Viola adunca Sm.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of entire plant taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60"
3307,241,Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) B.S.P.,30,Catawba,115,t40,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used for backaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 5"
3716,293,Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl. ex Willd.) Torr.,30,Catawba,75,s37,188,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Pounded, powdered, boiled roots used for head pains.","Speck, Frank G., 1937, Catawba Medicines and Curative Practices, Publications of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 1:179-197, page 188"
4927,378,Arnica acaulis (Walt.) B.S.P.,30,Catawba,75,s37,189,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for back pain.,"Speck, Frank G., 1937, Catawba Medicines and Curative Practices, Publications of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 1:179-197, page 189"
9598,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,30,Catawba,115,t40,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for backache.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 47"
16022,1756,Glyceria obtusa (Muhl.) Trin.,30,Catawba,115,t40,6,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of beaten roots taken for backaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 6"
17137,1880,Hexastylis arifolia (Michx.) Small,30,Catawba,75,s37,190,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken for stomach pains.,"Speck, Frank G., 1937, Catawba Medicines and Curative Practices, Publications of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 1:179-197, page 190"
17140,1881,Hexastylis arifolia var. arifolia,30,Catawba,115,t40,20,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken for stomach pains or backaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 20"
17141,1881,Hexastylis arifolia var. arifolia,30,Catawba,75,s37,188,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used for severe pain in the heart from heart disease.,"Speck, Frank G., 1937, Catawba Medicines and Curative Practices, Publications of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 1:179-197, page 188"
25635,2770,Pedicularis canadensis L.,30,Catawba,75,s37,190,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots used for stomach pains.,"Speck, Frank G., 1937, Catawba Medicines and Curative Practices, Publications of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 1:179-197, page 190"
39615,3911,Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers.,30,Catawba,75,s37,187,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves put in shoes for pain in the flesh of the body (fever).,"Speck, Frank G., 1937, Catawba Medicines and Curative Practices, Publications of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 1:179-197, page 187"
42765,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,30,Catawba,75,s37,190,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of smashed leaves applied to pain.,"Speck, Frank G., 1937, Catawba Medicines and Curative Practices, Publications of the Philadelphia Anthropological Society 1:179-197, page 190"
34038,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,31,Chehalis,25,g73,34,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark taken by women to ease labor pains in childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
606,32,Acer rubrum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken for cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
635,34,Acer saccharinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken for cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
1184,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root chewed for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1419,60,Actaea racemosa var. racemosa,32,Cherokee,105,w47,"73, 74",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root 'in spirits' used for rheumatic pains.,"Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 73, 74"
1420,60,Actaea racemosa var. racemosa,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,30,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used as an anodyne.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"
2597,173,Alnus serrulata (Ait.) Willd.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for childbirth pain and infusion of bark used for various pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 22"
3240,236,Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion steamed and inhaled for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 48"
3634,282,Anthemis cotula L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used as a 'sudorific and anodyne for colds.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
4799,367,Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of root used for headaches and various skin diseases.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41"
4872,374,Aristolochia serpentaria L.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,20,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for breast pains.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 20"
4873,374,Aristolochia serpentaria L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion taken for sharp darting pains and used as an anodyne.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
4874,374,Aristolochia serpentaria L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Taken for sharp pains in the breast and used as a wash for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
4964,386,Artemisia biennis Willd.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for cramps and painful menstruation.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
5953,421,Asarum canadense L.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,21,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken to cause vomiting for stomach pain.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 21"
6153,438,Asclepias perennis Walt.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken with root of 'virgin's bower' for backache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
6163,440,Asclepias quadrifolia Jacq.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken with root of 'virgin's bower' for backache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
6276,446,Asclepias syriaca L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken with root of 'virgin's bower' for backache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
6331,447,Asclepias tuberosa L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Used for breast, stomach and intestinal pains.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"
7386,594,Blephilia ciliata (L.) Benth.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45"
8016,730,Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,59,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of root used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"
8260,762,Carya alba (L.) Nutt. ex Ell.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,38,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for poliomyelitis pain.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
8307,766,Carya laciniosa (Michx. f.) G. Don,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,38,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for poliomyelitis pain.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
8376,768,Carya pallida (Ashe) Engl. & Graebn.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,38,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for poliomyelitis pain.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
8442,775,Castanea pumila (L.) P. Mill.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,29,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Brittle leaves heated and blown on patient for headaches.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 29"
8725,820,Celastrus scandens L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,25,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Strong compound infusion used for pain of childbirth.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 25"
9458,896,Chenopodium botrys L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion taken orally and used to moisten head for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41"
9578,913,Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of root used for pain.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
9904,950,Cirsium altissimum (L.) Hill,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken for neuralgia.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 58"
10032,975,Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken for neuralgia.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 58"
10274,1022,Clematis virginiana L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion with milkweed used for backache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
10748,1088,Cornus alternifolia L. f.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark chewed for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
10862,1093,Cornus florida L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark chewed for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
11760,1168,Cunila origanoides (L.) Britt.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion taken for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
11910,1205,Cypripedium acaule Ait.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for neuralgia and other pain and infusion taken for 'rupture pains.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"
11929,1208,Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for neuralgia and other pain and infusion taken for 'rupture pains.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"
12036,1231,Daphne mezereum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Root bark used for nocturnal, venereal disease pains.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
12037,1231,Daphne mezereum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root bark used for venereal disease pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
12426,1281,Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,59,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root used as a wash for cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"
12430,1283,Desmodium perplexum Schub.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,59,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root used as a wash for cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"
13233,1410,Epigaea repens L.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken to cause vomiting for abdominal pains.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 48"
13772,1480,Erigeron philadelphicus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used as a poultice for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
13798,1481,Erigeron pulchellus Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used as a poultice for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
14410,1574,Euonymus americana L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,38,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion taken for stomachache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
16407,1799,Hamamelis virginiana L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion taken for periodic pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
16467,1806,Hedeoma pulegioides (L.) Pers.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headaches.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 48"
16741,1849,Hepatica nobilis var. acuta (Pursh) Steyermark,32,Cherokee,115,t40,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken as an emetic for abdominal pains.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 22"
17426,1920,Humulus lupulus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,'Alleviates pain and produces sleep.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
17845,1986,Ionactis linariifolius (L.) Greene,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of roots used for pain.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24"
19263,2071,Kalmia latifolia L.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves put on scratches made over location of the pain.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 48"
19375,2084,Lactuca canadensis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for pain and infusion given 'for calming nerves.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"
20000,2156,Leucothoe axillaris (Lam.) D. Don,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion used for 'shifting pains.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
20161,2171,Liatris spicata (L.) Willd.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used as an anodyne and decoction or tincture used for backache and limb pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"
20632,2221,Lobelia cardinalis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound given for pain and poultice of crushed leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
20667,2222,Lobelia inflata L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of root used for body aches and leaves rubbed on aches and stiff neck.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 40"
20692,2224,Lobelia siphilitica L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound given for pain and poultice of crushed leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
21793,2366,Magnolia acuminata (L.) L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken for stomachache or cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
21809,2368,Magnolia macrophylla Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken for stomachache or cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
22803,2445,Mentha spicata L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"48, 49",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Taken for colic pains, cramps and used for nervous headache.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 48, 49"
22838,2442,Mentha ?piperita L. (pro sp.) [aquatica ? spicata],32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"48, 49",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Taken for colic pains, cramps and used for nervous headache.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 48, 49"
23088,2494,Mitchella repens L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Taken for 'monthly period pains.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47"
23175,2503,Monarda didyma L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
23197,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
23912,2585,Nicotiana rustica L.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,56,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Chewed plant used for headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56"
23913,2585,Nicotiana rustica L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,59,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for cramps and sharp pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"
23953,2587,Nicotiana tabacum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,59,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for cramps and sharp pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"
25339,2733,Panax quinquefolius L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,36,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36"
25420,2735,Panax trifolius L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,36,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,An 'ingredient to relieve sharp pains in the breast.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36"
25421,2735,Panax trifolius L.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Chewed plant used for headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 44"
25422,2735,Panax trifolius L.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken for breast pains and chewed plant used for headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 44"
25481,2744,Papaver somniferum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"50, 51",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Large dose used to produce sleep, for pain and cramps.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50, 51"
25584,2764,Pastinaca sativa L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Taken for 'sharp pains.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47"
26526,2896,Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & M.C. Johnston,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,'Tea ooze' used to bathe head for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45"
28354,2996,Plantago aristata Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,50,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaf applied for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"
28371,2999,Plantago lanceolata L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,50,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaf applied for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"
28397,3001,Plantago major L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,50,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaf applied for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"
28532,3009,Platanthera ciliaris (L.) Lindl.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47"
28885,3057,Polygonum aviculare L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion mixed with meal used as poultice for pain.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
28886,3057,Polygonum aviculare L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Taken for painful urination.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
28925,3066,Polygonum hydropiper L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion mixed with meal used as poultice for pain.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
28926,3066,Polygonum hydropiper L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Taken for painful urination.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
28954,3069,Polygonum persicaria L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,26,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction mixed with meal and used as poultice for pain.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26"
29879,3140,Prenanthes serpentaria Pursh,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used in stomachache medicine.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
29881,3141,Prenanthes trifoliolata (Cass.) Fern.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used in stomachache medicine.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
31091,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"51, 52",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Compound used for local pains, muscular cramps and twitching.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 51, 52"
31092,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,32,Cherokee,115,t40,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant rubbed into scratches made over muscle cramp pain.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 61"
31730,3234,Pycnanthemum flexuosum (Walt.) B.S.P.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45"
31738,3235,Pycnanthemum incanum (L.) Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45"
32858,3340,Rhododendron maximum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound used as liniment for pains and poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"
32859,3340,Rhododendron maximum L.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves put on scratches made over the location of the pain.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 49"
34453,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Strong infusion of red raspberry leaves used for childbirth pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"
34669,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Strong infusion of red raspberry leaves used for childbirth pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"
34739,3462,Rubus odoratus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Strong infusion of red raspberry leaves used for childbirth pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"
35548,3504,Sabatia angularis (L.) Pursh,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,53,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion taken for periodic pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"
37096,3579,Sanicula smallii Bickn.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion with pink lady's slipper for stomach cramps and infusion used for colic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
37313,3590,Satureja hortensis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Snuff of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54"
37700,3650,Senna hebecarpa (Fern.) Irwin & Barneby,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion taken for cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54"
37711,3651,Senna marilandica (L.) Link,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion taken for cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54"
38174,3709,Smilax glauca Walt.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Rubbed in brier scratches for local pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
38184,3710,Smilax herbacea L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Rubbed in brier scratches for local pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
38214,3712,Smilax pseudochina L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Rubbed in brier scratches for local pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
38223,3713,Smilax rotundifolia L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Rubbed in brier scratches for local pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
39179,3872,Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (L.) Nesom,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of roots used for pain.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24"
39290,3892,Tanacetum vulgare L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion used for backache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 58"
40510,3982,Tradescantia virginiana L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"56, 57",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion used for stomachache from overeating.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56, 57"
42654,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound used as liniment for pains.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 40"
42655,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,8,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves used as wash for aches and pains.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 8"
42770,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound taken for 'pains.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45"
42854,4108,Verbena hastata L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for afterpains and taken as a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
42933,4119,Vernonia glauca (L.) Willd.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root given for pains after childbirth.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41"
42943,4121,Vernonia noveboracensis (L.) Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root given for pains after childbirth.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41"
42969,4127,Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,31,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion used for backache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31"
43200,4140,Vicia caroliniana Walt.,32,Cherokee,115,t40,34,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant rubbed into scratches made over location of muscle pain.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 34"
43201,4140,Vicia caroliniana Walt.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Used for back pains, local pains and rubbed on stomach cramps.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
43251,4151,Viola bicolor Pursh,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
43264,4156,Viola cucullata Ait.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
43279,4160,Viola pubescens Ait.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
43293,4162,Viola rotundifolia Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
43304,4165,Viola sororia Willd.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
43325,4149,Viola ?pedata L. (pro sp.),32,Cherokee,1,hc75,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves used for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 60"
43686,4213,Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
766,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for chest pains.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
1198,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,13,g05,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for bowel pain.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 42"
1199,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,171,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for bowel pain.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171"
1200,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,7,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant smoked for headaches.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 7"
1665,84,Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,186,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves used for chest pains from coughing.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 186"
2867,201,Ambrosia psilostachya DC.,33,Cheyenne,13,g05,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and stem taken for cramps in the bowels.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 39"
2868,201,Ambrosia psilostachya DC.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,188,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and stems taken for bowel pains and bloody stools.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 188"
4535,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of leaves, stems and berries taken for 'persistent' back pain.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 40"
4536,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,183,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of stems, leaves and berries taken for back pain and sprained backs.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 183"
4537,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves wetted and used for pain relief.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 40"
4538,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,183,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of wetted leaves rubbed on the back for pain.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 183"
5356,399,Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,18,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Crushed leaves used as snuff for headaches.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 18"
5357,399,Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Snuff of crushed leaves used for headache.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 44"
6843,548,Balsamorhiza incana Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,189,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of leaves, roots and stems taken for stomach pains.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 189"
6844,548,Balsamorhiza incana Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,189,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of leaves, roots and stems used as a steam bath for headaches.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 189"
6857,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,13,g05,"38, 39",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of leaves, roots and stems taken for stomach pains.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 38, 39"
6858,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,189,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of leaves, roots and stems taken for stomach pains and headaches.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 189"
6859,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,13,g05,38,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Steam of decoction of plant inhaled for headache and used as wash on head.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 38"
7960,723,Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,174,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of powdered leaves and stems taken or small quantities of powder eaten for head pains.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 174"
12748,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,188,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of powdered leaves and roots used as a wash for sore and painful necks.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 188"
20608,2219,Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,185,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of dried, powdered leaves and stems applied for rheumatic pains.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 185"
20819,2237,Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,182,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of dried, powdered roots taken for stomach pains or any internal disorder.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 182"
20820,2237,Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,182,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of pulverized stems and leaves taken for stomach pains or any internal disorder.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 182"
21039,2248,Lomatium orientale Coult. & Rose,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,182,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of pounded roots and leaves taken for bowel pain.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 182"
21040,2248,Lomatium orientale Coult. & Rose,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,26,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots and leaves used or dried roots and leaves eaten for bowel pain.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
24416,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,33,Cheyenne,73,b05,12,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root mixed with tobacco and smoked for headache.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
32736,3322,Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,188,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and stems used as wash for pain.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 188"
37698,3649,Senecio triangularis Hook.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,190,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of pulverized leaves or roots taken for chest pains.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 190"
39825,3945,Thermopsis rhombifolia (Nutt. ex Pursh) Nutt. ex Richards.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,30,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried leaves burned and smoke inhaled for headaches.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 30"
33827,3407,Robinia sp.,35,Chickasaw,115,t40,33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used for headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 33"
36138,3551,Salix sp.,35,Chickasaw,115,t40,12,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used for headache or poultice of branches applied for severe headache.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 12"
36660,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,35,Chickasaw,115,t40,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of branches applied to head for severe headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 58"
45,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,338,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Gum melted on warm stone and fumes inhaled for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338"
778,38,Achillea millefolium L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves steamed and inhaled for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
1677,84,Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze,38,Chippewa,4,d28,340,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for cold and chest pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 340"
3296,240,Andropogon gerardii Vitman,38,Chippewa,4,d28,342,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342"
3725,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Root used as snuff, herbal steam, poultice or in decoction for headache.","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
3876,298,Apocynum sp.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,340,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Snuff of dried, pulverized root used to cause sneezing for 'relieving the head.'","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 340"
4551,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Pulverized, dried leaves compounded and smoked for headache.","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
7127,578,Betula nigra L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,342,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark taken for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342"
7961,723,Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of entire plant taken for dysentery cramps.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
8327,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,38,Chippewa,4,d28,338,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Fresh, small shoots steamed as inhalant for headache.","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338"
8561,806,Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root taken for cramps.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
10002,971,Cirsium sp.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,356,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root taken for back pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"
10598,1069,Conyza canadensis var. canadensis,38,Chippewa,4,d28,342,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root and leaves taken for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342"
11184,1110,Corylus americana Walt.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,338,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing charcoal pricked into temples with needles for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338"
11426,1131,Crataegus sp.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,356,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root taken for back pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"
12493,1298,Diervilla lonicera P. Mill.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,342,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342"
14639,1596,Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Greene,38,Chippewa,4,d28,340,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for chest pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 340"
17039,1866,Heuchera americana var. hispida (Pursh) E. Wells,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried root chewed and juice swallowed for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
22068,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,125,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Burning root fumes inhaled for headaches and pain.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 125"
22069,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,38,Chippewa,4,d28,356,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root taken for back pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"
23210,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,140,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Chewed leaves placed in nostrils for headaches.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 140"
28833,3049,Polygonatum biflorum var. commutatum (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Morong,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root steamed and inhaled for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
28957,3069,Polygonum persicaria L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and flowers taken for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
28962,3070,Polygonum punctatum Ell.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of leaves and flowers taken for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
29198,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,356,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root taken for back pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"
29821,3124,Potentilla arguta ssp. arguta,38,Chippewa,4,d28,338,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Dry, pulverized root pricked into temples or placed in nostrils for headache.","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338"
30756,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of inner bark taken for cramps.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
31603,3225,Pulsatilla patens ssp. multifida (Pritz.) Zamels,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Dried, pulverized leaves 'smelled' for headache.","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
32274,3273,Quercus macrocarpa Michx.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,340,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root or inner bark taken for cramps.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 340"
33267,3355,Rhus typhina L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of flowers taken for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
33506,3369,Ribes glandulosum Grauer,38,Chippewa,4,d28,356,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root taken for back pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"
33672,3387,Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. oxyacanthoides,38,Chippewa,4,d28,356,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of berries taken for back pain and 'female weakness.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"
34689,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,356,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root taken for back pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356"
36942,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root taken for cramps.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
38021,3687,Silphium perfoliatum L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,340,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for back and chest pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 340"
38193,3710,Smilax herbacea L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,346,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for back pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 346"
38470,3744,Solidago sp.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root applied externally for cramps.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
39850,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,338,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing charcoal pricked into temples with needles for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338"
43014,4128,Viburnum acerifolium L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of inner bark taken for cramps.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
4103,319,Aralia racemosa L.,39,Choctaw,138,c51,287,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Sweetened decoction of root given to children for 'gripes, colic, etc.'","Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 287"
4891,374,Aristolochia serpentaria L.,39,Choctaw,115,t40,20,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of roots taken for stomach pains.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 20"
4892,374,Aristolochia serpentaria L.,39,Choctaw,118,bd09,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for stomach pain.,"Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 24"
5933,418,Arundinaria gigantea ssp. tecta (Walt.) McClure,39,Choctaw,115,t40,6,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for breast pain.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 6"
17624,1959,Hypericum crux-andreae (L.) Crantz,39,Choctaw,118,bd09,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root used for colic.,"Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 23"
23212,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,39,Choctaw,115,t40,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant rubbed on child's chest for pain.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 54"
29875,3139,Prenanthes aspera Michx.,39,Choctaw,138,c51,288,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots and plant tops used as an anodyne.,"Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 288"
31103,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,39,Choctaw,115,t40,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and blossoms taken for lung pain.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 61"
31104,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,39,Choctaw,118,bd09,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and blossoms taken for lung pain.,"Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 24"
31746,3235,Pycnanthemum incanum (L.) Michx.,39,Choctaw,115,t40,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of mashed leaves taken and used as a wash for headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 55"
32303,3274,Quercus marilandica Muenchh.,39,Choctaw,115,t40,17,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of tree bark coal taken to remove the afterbirth and ease cramps.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 17"
41430,4051,Ulmus americana L.,39,Choctaw,115,t40,18,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of inner bark taken for menstrual cramps.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 18"
1517,67,Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,"77, 78",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of twigs taken for stomach and intestinal pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77, 78"
13648,1454,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,79,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of twigs taken for chest pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 79"
13693,1457,Ericameria palmeri var. palmeri,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves and twigs applied to feet for swelling and pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
13857,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of leaves used as a wash for 'sore parts' or painful, fatigued limbs.","Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
13998,1506,Eriogonum fasciculatum Benth.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for headache and stomach pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
33025,3350,Rhus ovata S. Wats.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken for chest pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
18932,2061,Juniperus pinchotii Sudsworth,48,Comanche,143,j68,3,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried leaves sprinkled on live coals and smoke inhaled for headache.,"Jones, David E., 1968, Comanche Plant Medicine, Papers in Anthropology 9:1-13, page 3"
11481,1145,Croton setigerus Hook.,49,Concow,89,c02,363,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of fresh, bruised leaves applied to chest for internal pains.","Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 363"
28713,3034,Pogogyne douglasii ssp. parviflora (Benth.) J.T. Howell,49,Concow,89,c02,384,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used as a counterirritant for stomach and bowel pains.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 384"
40552,3995,Trichostema lanceolatum Benth.,49,Concow,89,c02,385,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves used as a wash for feverish headaches.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 385"
1542,70,Adiantum jordanii C. Muell.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,4,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used for 'pain below the shoulders.',"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 4"
3372,255,Anemopsis californica (Nutt.) Hook. & Arn.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,8,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots used as a general pain remedy.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 8"
3544,267,Angelica sp.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root burned and inhaled for headaches.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 23"
4978,387,Artemisia californica Less.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,25,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied to the tooth for pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 25"
5052,394,Artemisia douglasiana Bess.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,25,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used as a compress for rheumatism pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 25"
10005,971,Cirsium sp.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,26,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Raw stalks chewed for stomach pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 26"
10211,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,7,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of foliage applied for chest pains.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 7"
12153,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,50,Costanoan,16,b84,14,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of heated leaves applied for chest pains.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 14"
13861,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,13,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of heated leaves applied to the forehead for headaches.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 13"
18408,2053,Juniperus californica Carr.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,6,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 6"
22330,2398,Malva nicaeensis All.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,8,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken for migraine headaches.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 8"
22331,2398,Malva nicaeensis All.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,8,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of heated leaves applied to the stomach or head for pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 8"
22482,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken for stomach pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 27"
31083,3191,Pseudognaphalium californicum (DC.) A. Anderb.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,26,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken for stomach pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 26"
36458,3561,Salvia mellifera Greene,50,Costanoan,16,b84,16,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Green leaves chewed for gas pains.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 16"
36459,3561,Salvia mellifera Greene,50,Costanoan,16,b84,16,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of heated leaves applied to the ear for earache pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 16"
40406,3966,Torreya californica Torr.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,6,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Smashed nuts and fat rubbed on temples for headaches.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 6"
40556,3995,Trichostema lanceolatum Benth.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,17,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Ground leaves rubbed on the skin for pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 17"
40689,4018,Trillium chloropetalum (Torr.) T.J. Howell,50,Costanoan,16,b84,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of heated plant applied to the chest for chest pains.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 28"
41903,4061,Urtica sp.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,21,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used to strike aching joints 'to reduce the pain.',"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 21"
2492,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Rotten wood rubbed on the body to ease 'aching bones.',"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
6570,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,14,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of stems taken for body pains.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
42661,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied for pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
19778,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,56,"Cree, Hudson Bay",83,h84,303,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of flowering tops used for insect sting pain.,"Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303"
788,38,Achillea millefolium L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant heads used to make a compress for headaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
1096,44,Achillea sp.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Fresh, crushed flower inserted into the nostril for headaches.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
1234,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of powdered roots and yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied for headaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
5260,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,30,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used for headaches associated with fevers.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 30"
16812,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of root, calamus and yellow pond lily used as a wash for severe headaches.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40"
16813,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of ground root, calamus and yellow pond lily applied to the head for severe headaches.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 40"
22625,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken for headaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 45"
24132,2597,Nuphar lutea ssp. variegata (Dur.) E.O. Beal,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,46,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of grated rhizome, calamus, water or grease and sometime cow parsnip applied for headaches.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 46"
42492,4093,Valeriana dioica var. sylvatica S. Wats.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,64,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Chewed roots rubbed on the head and temples for headaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 64"
3548,267,Angelica sp.,59,Creek,128,swan28,657,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used for 'a dry belly-ache' and back pains.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 657"
8738,820,Celastrus scandens L.,59,Creek,128,swan28,661,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used by women with urinary trouble or pain in small of back.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 661"
14247,1551,Eryngium yuccifolium Michx.,59,Creek,115,t40,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of pounded roots taken for neuralgia.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45"
14248,1551,Eryngium yuccifolium Michx.,59,Creek,128,swan28,655656,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of root taken for neuralgia and kidney troubles.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 655656"
14324,1558,Erythrina herbacea L.,59,Creek,128,swan28,666,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of root taken by women for bowel pain.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 666"
19085,2063,Juniperus sp.,59,Creek,128,swan28,657,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of warm sprigs and leaves applied to rheumatic aches and pains.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 657"
20355,2198,Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume,59,Creek,115,t40,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of branches taken and steambath used to cause perspiring for aches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 24"
13356,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,60,Crow,30,h92,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice used for bladder and prostate pains.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 58"
24422,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,60,Crow,73,b05,12,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root mixed with tobacco and smoked for headache.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
36165,3551,Salix sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,67,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark chewed for headache.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
7678,666,Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & Gray) Gray,61,Dakota,17,g19,103,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for internal pains.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 103"
7679,666,Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & Gray) Gray,61,Dakota,17,g19,103,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Smoke of dried root used to bathe aching body parts.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 103"
12755,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,61,Dakota,17,g19,131,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Juice used as wash for pain from burns.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131"
12756,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,61,Dakota,17,g19,131,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used in smoke treatment for headache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131"
16563,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,61,Dakota,91,g13i,369,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of flowers used for chest pains.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 369"
17433,1920,Humulus lupulus L.,61,Dakota,91,g13i,362,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of fruits taken for intestinal pains.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 362"
17459,1921,Humulus lupulus var. lupuloides E. Small,61,Dakota,17,g19,77,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of fruit taken for intestinal pains.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 77"
23217,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,111,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of flowers and leaves taken for abdominal pains.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 111"
23218,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,61,Dakota,91,g13i,363,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of flowers and leaves taken for abdominal pains.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 363"
25918,2811,Penstemon grandiflorus Nutt.,61,Dakota,91,g13i,363,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots used for chest pains.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 363"
32740,3322,Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.,61,Dakota,91,g13i,368,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Flowers used for chest pains and other ailments.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 368"
38653,3773,Sphaeralcea coccinea ssp. coccinea,61,Dakota,91,g13i,362,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 362"
42869,4108,Verbena hastata L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,111,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for stomachache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 111"
10833,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,62,Delaware,97,t72,31,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark used for body pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31"
39226,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,62,Delaware,97,t72,37,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves applied for pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 37"
1281,55,Acorus calamus L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 74",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing root used for stomachache and intestinal pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 74"
10834,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"26, 74",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing bark used for body pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 74"
16480,1806,Hedeoma pulegioides (L.) Pers.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"29, 76",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken for stomach pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 29, 76"
16555,1820,Helianthemum canadense (L.) Michx.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"27, 76",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken and poultice of root applied for sore throat.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 27, 76"
32323,3279,Quercus palustris Muenchh.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"25, 78",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of inner bark taken for intestinal pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25, 78"
39229,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 80",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves applied for pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 80"
42784,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"30, 31",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of heated leaves applied for rheumatic pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 30, 31"
4284,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,64,"Delaware, Ontario",22,t42,"66, 82",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves bound to body for pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 66, 82"
4922,377,Armoracia rusticana P.G. Gaertn.,64,"Delaware, Ontario",22,t42,"66, 82",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied for neuralgia.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 66, 82"
28181,2977,Pinus strobus L.,64,"Delaware, Ontario",22,t42,68,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of pitch applied to draw out the poison and pain from boils.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68"
42790,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,64,"Delaware, Ontario",22,t42,"66, 82",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves applied to bruises for pain and swelling.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 66, 82"
18411,2053,Juniperus californica Carr.,65,Diegueno,122,h75,216,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and bark taken for hangovers.,"Hinton, Leanne, 1975, Notes on La Huerta Diegueno Ethnobotany, Journal of California Anthropology 2:214-222, page 216"
19451,2091,Lamarckia aurea (L.) Moench,65,Diegueno,85,hedges86,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of grass with 'small tassels' taken for headaches.,"Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man  Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 23"
36040,3545,Salix pulchra Cham.,74,"Eskimo, Nunivak",94,s73,325,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and bark used as an analgesic.,"Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 325"
36338,3552,Salix tweedyi (Bebb ex Rose) Ball,74,"Eskimo, Nunivak",94,s73,325,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and bark used as an analgesic.,"Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 325"
7120,577,Betula nana L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
9283,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
12689,1335,Dryopteris campyloptera Clarkson,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
19888,2127,Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens (Ait.) Hult‚n,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of stem and leaf used for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
32835,3336,Rhodiola rosea L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of flowers taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
17230,1896,Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv.,76,Flathead,30,h92,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion used for 'sharp pains inside.',"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 28"
24747,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,76,Flathead,30,h92,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Stems smashed and used for backache.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 39"
27946,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,76,Flathead,30,h92,50,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of pitch and melted animal tallow or lard used for backache.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 50"
2494,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of stem bark used as an emetic and purgative for headache and other maladies.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 55"
3505,262,Angelica genuflexa Nutt.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root taken for headache.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 61"
24423,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,16,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Fresh or dried inner bark used for stomach ulcers and pain.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 16"
24424,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,16,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of dried bark used for stomach pain and ulcers.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 16"
39730,3925,Thalictrum occidentale Gray,78,Gitksan,9,s29,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root chewed and juice swallowed for headache.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 57"
43052,4130,Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,64,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction taken for headache.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 64"
807,38,Achillea millefolium L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,360,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant used for headaches.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"
3888,299,Aquilegia caerulea James,79,Gosiute,38,c11,362,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Seed chewed or infusion of roots used for abdominal pains.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 362"
8991,848,Chaenactis douglasii (Hook.) Hook. & Arn.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,365,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Mashed plant rubbed on limbs for soreness or aching.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 365"
22648,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,351,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken for coughs and colds with headaches.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 351"
37973,3675,Silene douglasii var. douglasii,79,Gosiute,38,c11,350,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken as an emetic for stomach trouble pain.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 350"
37974,3675,Silene douglasii var. douglasii,79,Gosiute,38,c11,381,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Warm infusion of pounded plant used as an emetic for stomach pain.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 381"
37992,3682,Silene scouleri Hook.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,381,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Warm infusion of pounded plant used as an emetic for stomach pain.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 381"
17597,1951,Hymenoxys hoopesii (Gray) Bierner,80,Great Basin Indian,139,n66,50,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Snuff of crushed blossoms and string plant leaves inhaled for headaches.,"Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 50"
17949,1999,Ipomopsis congesta ssp. congesta,80,Great Basin Indian,139,n66,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of dried, powdered blossoms applied for pain.","Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 49"
22654,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,82,Gros Ventre,30,h92,64,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion taken for headaches.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 64"
28981,3076,Polypodium glycyrrhiza D.C. Eat.,86,Haisla,14,c93,158,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Rhizomes used for chest pains.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 158"
36872,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,88,Hanaksiala,14,c93,229,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cooked shoots put in bath water and used as a soak for pain.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229"
36873,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,88,Hanaksiala,14,c93,229,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of cooked shoots applied for pain.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229"
2685,180,Aloysia wrightii Heller ex Abrams,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,285,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant boiled and taken for headaches.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 285"
13986,1501,Eriogonum corymbosum Benth.,89,Havasupai,2,ws85,216,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken three times a day for headaches.,"Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 216"
21967,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,89,Havasupai,2,ws85,219,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cooled decoction of roots taken three times a day for headaches.,"Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 219"
29691,3107,Porophyllum gracile Benth.,89,Havasupai,2,ws85,249,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of pounded plant taken for pain.,"Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 249"
2679,178,Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) Schott,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,17,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Plant, other plants & water taken as a laxative & an appetizer for acute pain in stomach or bowels.","Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 17"
9821,938,Cibotium chamissoi Kaulfuss,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,43,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of powdered bark and other plants taken for chest pains.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 43"
14404,1572,Eucalyptus sp.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,73,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Oil used for rubbing over backaches and rheumatic pain.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 73"
15335,1665,Freycinetia arborea Gaud.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Shoots and leaves laid over the sheets in bed for severe body pain.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 22"
17853,1989,Ipomoea indica (Burm. f.) Merr.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of pounded flowers, leaves and salt applied to the back for pain.","Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 52"
22966,2464,Merremia dissecta (Jacq.) Hallier f.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of pounded flowers, leaves and salt applied to the back for pain.","Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 52"
22983,2468,Metrosideros polymorpha var. polymorpha,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,31,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Flowers and other plants rubbed, squeezed and the resulting liquid taken for severe childbirth pain.","Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 31"
25443,2736,Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Zucc.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Roots and other plants pounded, squeezed, resulting liquid heated and taken for chest pains.","Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 41"
28295,2980,Piper methysticum G. Forst.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,17,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Roots chewed for sharp, blinding headaches.","Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 17"
33784,3403,Ricinus communis L.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used for severe headaches.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 55"
44610,4251,Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,19,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots or bulbs pounded with salt and the resulting juice used as a head wash for headaches.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 19"
35613,3513,Salicornia virginica L.,91,Heiltzuk,14,c93,91,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Plant used for arthritic pain, rheumatism, aches, pain and swelling.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 91"
814,38,Achillea millefolium L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves chewed and the juice swallowed for any kind of internal pain.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 61"
27188,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Boughs used to scrub skin, until it bled, for aches and pains.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
32714,3316,Ranunculus repens L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,71,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of chewed leaves used for muscular aches and rheumatic pains.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
36787,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,63,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Roots rubbed on the skin for aching, tired muscles.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63"
41685,4058,Urtica dioica L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,76,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Nettles rubbed on body for aches, pains and backaches.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
10605,1069,Conyza canadensis var. canadensis,95,Hopi,37,w39,"33, 96",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of rubbed plant applied to temples for headache.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 33, 96"
11530,1148,Cryptantha cinerea var. jamesii Cronq.,95,Hopi,37,w39,"32, 88",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of pounded plant applied for body pains.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 32, 88"
11799,1178,Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Spreng.) Coult.,95,Hopi,37,w39,"33, 74",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headache.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 33, 74"
13262,1414,Epilobium ciliatum ssp. ciliatum,95,Hopi,37,w39,"33, 86",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for leg pains.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 33, 86"
14133,1530,Eriogonum sp.,95,Hopi,37,w39,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Plant used for pain in hips and back, especially during pregnancy.","Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 35"
14134,1530,Eriogonum sp.,95,Hopi,82,c74,314,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Plant used for severe pain in hips and back, especially in pregnant state.","Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 314"
14135,1530,Eriogonum sp.,95,Hopi,82,c74,314,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for severe pain in hips and back.,"Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 314"
15429,1676,Gaillardia pinnatifida Torr.,95,Hopi,37,w39,96,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used as a diuretic for painful urination.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 96"
17009,1864,Heterotheca villosa var. villosa,95,Hopi,37,w39,95,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and flowers used for chest pain.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 95"
17979,2002,Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora,95,Hopi,37,w39,87,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves used for stomachache.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 87"
26225,2846,Petradoria pumila ssp. pumila,95,Hopi,37,w39,98,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant considered a good remedy for breast pain.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 98"
39010,3846,Suaeda moquinii (Torr.) Greene,95,Hopi,126,vest40,161,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of dried leaves used on sore places.,"Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 161"
39011,3846,Suaeda moquinii (Torr.) Greene,95,Hopi,126,vest40,161,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of dried leaves used on sore places.,"Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 161"
39012,3846,Suaeda moquinii (Torr.) Greene,95,Hopi,126,vest40,161,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of dried leaves used on sore places.,"Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 161"
39672,3917,Tetraneuris acaulis var. arizonica (Greene) Parker,95,Hopi,37,w39,"33, 94",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of plant applied for hip and back pain, especially in pregnancy.","Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 33, 94"
9439,895,Chenopodium ambrosioides L.,96,Houma,49,speck41,63,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves applied for headaches.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 63"
12428,1282,Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC.,96,Houma,49,speck41,63,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots in whiskey taken for weakness or cramps.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 63"
17654,1964,Hypericum hypericoides ssp. hypericoides,96,Houma,49,speck41,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of root taken, especially in childbirth, for severe pain.","Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 55"
19423,2090,Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.,96,Houma,49,speck41,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves applied to the forehead for headaches.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 62"
28610,3021,Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. polypodioides,96,Houma,49,speck41,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of fronds taken for headaches.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 55"
28964,3070,Polygonum punctatum Ell.,96,Houma,49,speck41,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for pains and swellings in the legs and joints.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 58"
36510,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,96,Houma,49,speck41,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark used as a wash for pain.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60"
36685,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,96,Houma,49,speck41,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark used as a wash for pain.,"Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60"
5528,404,Artemisia sp.,97,Hualapai,127,w82,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves used as a bitter tonic for headaches.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 41"
818,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,469,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots or leaves used internally or externally for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 469"
819,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant chewed and poultice of leaves applied for neuralgia.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
1566,71,Adiantum pedatum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,258,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used by children for cramps.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 258"
1639,77,Aesculus hippocastanum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,379,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound of powdered roots used for chest pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 379"
2351,168,Alnus incana (L.) Moench,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,38,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of young plant taken for pain.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 38"
3432,259,Angelica atropurpurea L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,400,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion of plants used as steam bath to sweat out headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 400"
4309,329,Arctium sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,474,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound poultice of smashed leaves applied to the head for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 474"
4310,329,Arctium sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,474,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied to pain caused by sorcery.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 474"
4812,367,Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott,100,Iroquois,7,h77,276,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound snuff used for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 276"
4813,367,Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott,100,Iroquois,7,h77,276,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction or infusion of roots taken for pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 276"
5980,421,Asarum canadense L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,308,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of roots given to children with headaches and fevers.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 308"
5981,421,Asarum canadense L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,309,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken for long lasting headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 309"
7999,729,Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,340,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of smashed roots applied to the head for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340"
9287,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,100,Iroquois,7,h77,389,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark applied as poultice for pain anywhere in the body.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 389"
9666,916,Chimaphila umbellata ssp. cisatlantica (Blake) Hult‚n,100,Iroquois,7,h77,407,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of roots taken for urinating pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 407"
10457,1046,Collinsonia canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,429,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of powdered leaves applied to the forehead for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 429"
10796,1089,Cornus amomum P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,402,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of roots taken for urinating pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 402"
11050,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,100,Iroquois,7,h77,403,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 403"
11919,1205,Cypripedium acaule Ait.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,289,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction taken for pains all over the skin and body, caused by bad blood.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 289"
11926,1206,Cypripedium arietinum Ait. f.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,288,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of whole plant taken for intestinal trouble with inflation and pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 288"
11949,1209,Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,69,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used with another plant for lower back pain.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 69"
12596,1317,Dirca palustris L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,388,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion of bark and roots taken for back pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 388"
13241,1410,Epigaea repens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,410,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound used for labor pains in parturition.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 410"
13302,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,261,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used for headaches and pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 261"
14492,1580,Eupatorium perfoliatum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,457,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for pains in the stomach and on the left side.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 457"
14493,1580,Eupatorium perfoliatum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,457,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of smashed plants applied for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 457"
15245,1659,Fraxinus nigra Marsh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,412,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken for painful urination.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 412"
15761,1715,Gentiana andrewsii Griseb.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,413,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots used as a wash and taken for pain and headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 413"
16482,1806,Hedeoma pulegioides (L.) Pers.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,426,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plants taken for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 426"
16748,1849,Hepatica nobilis var. acuta (Pursh) Steyermark,100,Iroquois,7,h77,328,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plants taken by pregnant women with side or labor pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 328"
16833,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,400,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion of plant used as steam bath for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 400"
17810,1984,Inula helenium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,465,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound roots used for chest pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 465"
17888,1991,Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Mey.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,419,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for abdominal pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 419"
17889,1991,Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Mey.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,419,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of powdered plants taken for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 419"
18185,2031,Juglans cinerea L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,295,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of plants taken for urinating pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 295"
18279,2034,Juglans nigra L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,296,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of bark applied for headache.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 296"
19382,2084,Lactuca canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,478,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion of roots and bark taken for back pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 478"
19497,2099,Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,7,h77,268,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Fermented compound decoction taken for soreness.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 268"
20645,2221,Lobelia cardinalis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,452,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken or poultice applied for pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 452"
21222,2267,Lonicera oblongifolia (Goldie) Hook.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,443,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of hot bark applied to abdomen for urinating pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 443"
22818,2445,Mentha spicata L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,427,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion applied to forehead or powdered plant snuffed for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 427"
23107,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,107,p10,96,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Berries used to prevent severe labor pains.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"
23108,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,441,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of roots taken for urinating pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 441"
23109,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,442,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion of roots and bark taken for back pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 442"
23110,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,441,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plants taken by pregnant women with side or labor pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 441"
23335,2509,Monarda sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,426,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots given to children for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 426"
23652,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,423,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of plants taken for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 423"
23653,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,423,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant tips given to children with headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 423"
24052,2595,Nuphar lutea ssp. advena (Ait.) Kartesz & Gandhi,100,Iroquois,7,h77,319,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction taken for pain between shoulder blades.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 319"
24153,2598,Nuphar sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,320,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound roots used for 'pains in the chest which make you hold your breath.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 320"
25060,2699,Osmorhiza sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,397,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for fevers and headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 397"
25084,2700,Osmunda cinnamomea L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,261,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction taken for headache and joint pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 261"
25438,2735,Panax trifolius L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,396,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound used for chest pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 396"
28506,3006,Plantago sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,438,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of whole plant taken for chest and stomach pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 438"
28507,3006,Plantago sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,438,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of hot leaves applied to bruises, swellings or for pain.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 438"
28553,3014,Platanthera psycodes (L.) Lindl.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,289,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of single root and flowers given to young children for cramps.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 289"
28935,3066,Polygonum hydropiper L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of wetted plant applied to the forehead for headaches.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 40"
29073,3084,Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott,100,Iroquois,7,h77,256,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used by children for cramps.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 256"
30188,3159,Prunella vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,425,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken for backaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 425"
30604,3177,Prunus serotina Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,362,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark taken or poultice applied to forehead and neck for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 362"
32653,3300,Ranunculus acris L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,320,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of smashed plant applied to chest for pains.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 320"
33030,3351,Rhus sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,370,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Warm poultice of bark applied to abdomen for pain when urinating.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 370"
34300,3438,Rubus allegheniensis Porter,100,Iroquois,7,h77,357,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound of plant used as a snuff for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 357"
34474,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,355,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for 'burning and pain when passing water.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 355"
35912,3534,Salix interior Rowlee,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of stems and other plant parts used for side pains.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 39"
36689,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,100,Iroquois,7,h77,448,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of bark applied for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 448"
36958,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,335,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for inside pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 335"
38132,3703,Sium suave Walt.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,399,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of smashed roots applied as poultice for pain from broken limb.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 399"
38156,3704,Smallanthus uvedalius (L.) Mackenzie ex Small,100,Iroquois,7,h77,467,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion of stalks and roots taken for back pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 467"
38386,3734,Solidago canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,65,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots and flowers used for side pains.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 65"
38713,3789,Spiraea alba Du Roi,100,Iroquois,7,h77,349,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of mashed and powdered dried roots taken for side pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 349"
39305,3892,Tanacetum vulgare L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,472,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied to the head for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 472"
39306,3892,Tanacetum vulgare L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,472,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of smashed leaves applied to body pains caused by too much gall.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 472"
39348,3894,Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers,100,Iroquois,7,h77,477,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of dried plants taken for pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 477"
39349,3894,Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers,100,Iroquois,7,h77,477,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion of roots and bark taken for back pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 477"
39350,3894,Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of flowers, roots and roots from another plant taken for lower back pain.","Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 61"
40728,4024,Trillium sp.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,286,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound of dried roots used as a snuff for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 286"
40753,4027,Triosteum perfoliatum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,445,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of roots taken for urinating pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 445"
42694,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,280,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Compound of dried plants used as snuff for catarrh, headaches and colds.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 280"
43018,4128,Viburnum acerifolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,447,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken and applied as poultice for pain caused by witchcraft.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 447"
44319,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,367,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark smoked for toothaches or neuralgia.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 367"
44320,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,368,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion taken for back pain.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 368"
44321,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,368,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken for pain after confinement.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 368"
15167,1654,Frasera speciosa Dougl. ex Griseb.,101,Isleta,76,j31,29,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of large, salted leaves applied to the head for headaches.","Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 29"
19914,2134,Lepidium densiflorum Schrad.,101,Isleta,76,j31,34,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves chewed for headaches.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 34"
11505,1146,Croton texensis (Klotzsch) Muell.-Arg.,102,Jemez,28,c30,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of ground whole plant, roots and salt taken for headaches.","Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 22"
5834,410,Artemisia vulgaris L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken by women for the pains of afterbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
24942,2692,Osmorhiza berteroi DC.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root chewed for headaches.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
25953,2825,Pentagramma triangularis ssp. triangularis,105,Karok,71,sg52,377,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used to mitigate the afterpains of childbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 377"
41621,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken by women for the pains of afterbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
409,20,Acamptopappus sphaerocephalus var. hirtellus Blake,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,9,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Mashed plant used as a salve for pain.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 9"
4725,356,Arenaria macradenia S. Wats.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,12,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried root smoke inhaled for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 12"
4726,356,Arenaria macradenia S. Wats.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,12,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of broken roots applied to the head for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 12"
4727,356,Arenaria macradenia S. Wats.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,12,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used as a salve for pain.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 12"
5635,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,13,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant fumes inhaled for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 13"
6528,488,Astragalus pachypus Greene,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,14,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for menstrual pains.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 14"
6543,493,Astragalus purshii var. tinctus M.E. Jones,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,15,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for menstrual pains.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 15"
9023,851,Chaenactis santolinoides Greene,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,19,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of roots taken for sore chest, sore shoulders and internal soreness.","Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 19"
9837,941,Cicuta douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,20,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,'Mashed root put on a hot stone and sore limbs laid directly over it.',"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 20"
11487,1145,Croton setigerus Hook.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used as a wash or taken for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 28"
11768,1169,Cupressus arizonica ssp. nevadensis (Abrams) E. Murray,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of dried seeds taken for sore chest.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 22"
12178,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of mashed roots taken for the pain of broken bones.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 23"
12179,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain and swellings.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 23"
12959,1373,Ehrendorferia chrysantha (Hook. & Arn.) Rylander,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,26,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Dried, mashed roots place in heated bag and applied to the heart for heart pains.","Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 26"
13106,1397,Encelia virginensis var. actonii (Elmer) B.L. Turner,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and flowers used as a wash for rheumatic pains.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27"
13752,1474,Erigeron foliosus var. foliosus,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots used as a wash for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 28"
16163,1771,Grindelia camporum Greene,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and flowers applied to sore parts of the body.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 33"
19588,2101,Larrea tridentata (Sess‚ & Moc. ex DC.) Coville,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,36,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves used as a wash for sore and aching parts of the body.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 36"
19981,2151,Lessingia glandulifera var. glandulifera,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,36,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Moxa of dried stem bark used for pain.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 36"
20846,2237,Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,37,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Pounded roots applied as a salve to sore limbs.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 37"
22664,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves and stems applied to areas of pain.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 40"
22999,2476,Mimulus guttatus DC.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of stems and leaves used as steambath for chest and back soreness.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 41"
23885,2584,Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,43,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Chewed plant put in the nostril for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43"
23886,2584,Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,43,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of plant applied to the chest for internal pains.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43"
31131,3195,Pseudognaphalium stramineum (Kunth) W.A. Weber,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Hot poultice of leaves or stems applied to parts of body affected by pain.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 33"
31616,3228,Purshia glandulosa Curran,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for menstrual cramps.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 55"
32783,3328,Rhamnus ilicifolia Kellogg,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots and bark taken for internal soreness.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 58"
32784,3328,Rhamnus ilicifolia Kellogg,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant smoke inhaled for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 58"
35451,3494,Rumex salicifolius Weinm.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Mashed roots used as a salve on sore limbs.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 60"
36407,3558,Salvia dorrii (Kellogg) Abrams,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves used as a wash for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 62"
36519,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and flowers used as steambath for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 62"
39156,3861,Symphyotrichum divaricatum (Nutt.) Nesom,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,14,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots used as a wash for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 14"
39410,3898,Tauschia parishii (Coult. & Rose) J.F. Macbr.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,66,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried root smoke inhaled for head pains.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 66"
39411,3898,Tauschia parishii (Coult. & Rose) J.F. Macbr.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,66,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried root smoke used for eye pains.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 66"
39412,3898,Tauschia parishii (Coult. & Rose) J.F. Macbr.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,66,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Ground root applied as a salve for aching limbs.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 66"
39413,3898,Tauschia parishii (Coult. & Rose) J.F. Macbr.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,66,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for inside pain.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 66"
39753,3930,Thamnosma montana Torr. & Fr‚m.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,67,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of stems taken for chest pains.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 67"
41874,4060,Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea (Nutt.) Thorne,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,68,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied for headaches.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 68"
41875,4060,Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea (Nutt.) Thorne,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,68,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of mashed plant applied to the neck for pain.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 68"
41876,4060,Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea (Nutt.) Thorne,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,68,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Stems and leaves used as a counterirritant for sore limbs and back.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 68"
5534,404,Artemisia sp.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves used for headache.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27"
6811,537,Baccharis sp.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion used to bathe the head for headaches.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 32"
22667,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,53,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of dried plants used for headaches.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 53"
28491,3004,Plantago patagonica Jacq.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant used for headaches.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 61"
21245,2271,Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult.,111,Kiowa,140,vs39,43,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of plants applied for rheumatic pains.,"Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 43"
39493,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,114,Klallam,25,g73,16,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for internal injury or pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
41783,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,114,Klallam,25,g73,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of stalks rubbed on the body for soreness or stiffness.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
43248,4150,Viola adunca Sm.,114,Klallam,25,g73,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of smashed flowers applied to the chest or side for pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
7364,591,Bignonia capreolata L.,116,Koasati,115,t40,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark used as a bath and taken for headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 57"
31466,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,116,Koasati,115,t40,4,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of ground roots taken for chest pain.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 4"
31748,3235,Pycnanthemum incanum (L.) Michx.,116,Koasati,115,t40,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 55"
36008,3542,Salix nigra Marsh.,116,Koasati,115,t40,13,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 13"
38234,3713,Smilax rotundifolia L.,116,Koasati,115,t40,8,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant splints used to scratch the back for headaches.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 8"
2519,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,279,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of bark applied to sores and aches.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279"
3536,265,Angelica lucida L.,121,Kwakiutl,148,b66,376,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used to prepare sweatbath for localized pains.,"Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 376"
4767,362,Argentina anserina (L.) Rydb.,121,Kwakiutl,148,b66,382,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root mixed with catfish oil and smeared on painful places.,"Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 382"
15525,1691,Galium triflorum Michx.,121,Kwakiutl,148,b66,379,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Nettles or vines and then hellebore used to rub the chest for chest pains.,"Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 379"
15526,1691,Galium triflorum Michx.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,291,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant rubbed on the skin for chest pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 291"
20987,2246,Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,276,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of chewed seeds applied or chewed seeds blown on head for headaches.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 276"
21169,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,121,Kwakiutl,148,b66,382,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Chewed leaves with yellow cedar rubbed on painful places.,"Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 382"
21170,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,121,Kwakiutl,148,b66,380,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion of bark used as foot bath for painful legs and feet.,"Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 380"
22958,2463,Menziesia ferruginea Sm.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,283,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves chewed for heart pain.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 283"
23396,2518,Moneses uniflora (L.) Gray,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,283,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of chewed or pounded plant applied to pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 283"
24106,2596,Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,287,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of heated leaves applied or rhizome extract taken for chest pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 287"
24214,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,289,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of chewed, burned plant and oil applied to sore places.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 289"
24485,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,278,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark used in a steambath for body pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"
24486,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,278,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root held in the mouth and juice swallowed for stomach pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"
27202,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,269,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Head struck with branches until it bled for headaches.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 269"
39117,3850,Symphoricarpos albus var. albus,121,Kwakiutl,148,b66,386,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Moxa of tips while still on plant used for headache.,"Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 386"
41692,4058,Urtica dioica L.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,292,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant rubbed on the skin for chest pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 292"
42703,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,273,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of scraped roots taken to induce vomiting for internal pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 273"
42704,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,273,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of roots or leaves applied to the chest for chest pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 273"
42705,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,273,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots and oil rubbed on bloody back for back pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 273"
2525,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,260,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of bark, fresh sea wrack and black twinberry applied for aches and pains.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 260"
15395,1672,Fucus gardneri Silva,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,260,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice applied for aches and pains.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 260"
21180,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,260,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of bark and berries or leaves, fresh sea wrack and alder bark applied for aches and pains.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 260"
23948,2586,Nicotiana sp.,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,260,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of dried plant and fresh sea wrack, alder and black twinberry applied for aches and pains.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 260"
41697,4058,Urtica dioica L.,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,297,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Fiber used to cauterize headaches.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 297"
6467,466,Astragalus canadensis L.,125,Lakota,108,r80,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots pulverized and chewed for chest and back pains.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 45"
10218,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,125,Lakota,108,r80,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for headaches.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 55"
12738,1346,Dyssodia papposa (Vent.) A.S. Hitchc.,125,Lakota,108,r80,37,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant breathed in for headaches.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 37"
31372,3206,Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb.,125,Lakota,108,r80,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots used for headaches.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 48"
32745,3322,Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl.,125,Lakota,108,r80,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant tops taken for headaches.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 39"
43575,4196,Woodwardia radicans (L.) J. Sm.,128,Luiseno,24,s08,234,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots used externally and internally for pain from injuries.,"Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 234"
859,38,Achillea millefolium L.,129,Lummi,25,g73,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of flowers taken for body aches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
33558,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,129,Lummi,25,g73,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of twigs taken for general body aches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
13153,1404,Ephedra sp.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,68,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for painful bloating of the stomach.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 68"
22327,2397,Malva neglecta Wallr.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,8,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for painful congestion of the stomach.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 8"
26836,2931,Phytolacca americana L.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,65,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Roots used for severe, neuralgic pains.","Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 65"
33988,3422,Rosa californica Cham. & Schlecht.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,8,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of seeds taken for painful congestion.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 8"
37125,3585,Saponaria officinalis L.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied to spleen pain.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 40"
2136,141,Allium cernuum Roth,133,Makah,25,g73,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of chewed plants applied to the chest for pleurisy pains.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
21636,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of warmed leaves applied for chest pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21637,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,101,ttco83,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Warmed leaves applied to chest for pain.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
34989,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of bark applied to wounds for the pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
4129,319,Aralia racemosa L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,257,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant and snakeroot used by women with back and side pain.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257"
4130,319,Aralia racemosa L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,248,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots mixed with red osier dogwood and smoked for headaches.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 248"
11071,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,134,Malecite,93,mech59,248,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plants mixed with spikenard roots and smoked for headaches.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 248"
17832,1984,Inula helenium L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,248,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried roots finely powdered and snuffed for headaches.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 248"
37091,3578,Sanicula odorata (Raf.) K.M. Pryer & L.R. Phillippe,134,Malecite,93,mech59,257,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant and spikenard used by women with back and side pain.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257"
38535,3758,Sorbus americana Marsh.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,258,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark used for pain after childbirth.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 258"
875,38,Achillea millefolium L.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,391,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for headaches.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 391"
3556,267,Angelica sp.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,371,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of roots applied to head and ears for headaches.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 371"
5315,398,Artemisia furcata var. heterophylla (Bess.) Hult‚n,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,392,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for headaches.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 392"
14378,1567,Eschscholzia californica Cham.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,351,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root juice used as a wash for headaches.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 351"
16991,1860,Heteromeles arbutifolia (Lindl.) M. Roemer,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,355,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for various aches and pains.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 355"
41632,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,349,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction taken, used as wash or poultice of leaves applied for headaches.","Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 349"
43603,4203,Wyethia longicaulis Gray,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,396,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots used as a wash for headaches.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 396"
44585,4250,Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,321,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of mashed bulbs applied to painful bruises and sprains.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 321"
79,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,138,Menominee,51,s23,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of inner bark taken for chest pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
1313,55,Acorus calamus L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,"22, 23",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Root, a very powerful remedy, used for stomach cramps.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 22, 23"
3446,259,Angelica atropurpurea L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of cooked, pounded root applied to painful areas.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 55"
4136,319,Aralia racemosa L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used to make a drink taken for stomachache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 24"
12935,1369,Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Gray,138,Menominee,51,s23,"33, 34",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of pulverized root used for headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 33, 34"
16529,1814,Helenium autumnale L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound of dried flowers applied to small cuts made on temples for headache.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
16530,1814,Helenium autumnale L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Snuff of compounded flowers used to cause sneezing for headaches.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
17035,1865,Heuchera americana L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root used for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
17543,1936,Hydrophyllum virginianum L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root used for chest pain.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
28228,2977,Pinus strobus L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,46,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of bark, an important medicine, taken for chest pain.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 46"
28826,3048,Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell.,138,Menominee,176,d32,134,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Compound poultice of boiled, mashed root applied for sharp pains.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 134"
31119,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried leaves steamed as an inhalant for headache.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
38416,3735,Solidago flexicaulis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Snuff of dried, powdered leaves used for headache.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
39246,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,138,Menominee,51,s23,"23, 24",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 23, 24"
40705,4020,Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb.,138,Menominee,51,s23,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of grated root taken for cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 41"
40891,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,138,Menominee,51,s23,46,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of inner bark taken for abdominal pains.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 46"
42524,4094,Valeriana edulis Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,138,Menominee,51,s23,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of pulverized root applied to painful, bleeding cuts and wounds.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 57"
42562,4097,Valeriana uliginosa (Torr. & Gray) Rydb.,138,Menominee,51,s23,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for cramps and 'disorders of the head.',"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 57"
43022,4128,Viburnum acerifolium L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,29,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of inner bark taken for cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 29"
44334,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of pounded inner bark used for rheumatism and sharp pains.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
1317,55,Acorus calamus L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,202,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for 'a cramp expected in the stomach.',"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 202"
1414,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,237238,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for childbirth pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 237238"
3337,249,Anemone cylindrica Gray,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,238,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for headache and dizzy spells.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 238"
4292,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,211,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing root used by women in labor.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 211"
6022,421,Asarum canadense L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,204,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound used for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 204"
6576,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,237,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken by women for bosom pains caused by childbirth.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 237"
8762,820,Celastrus scandens L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,208209,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing root used for 'the relief of women in labor.',"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 208209"
9934,955,Cirsium discolor (Muhl. ex Willd.) Spreng.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,213,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root used for stomachaches.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 213"
10482,1050,Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,246,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaf taken for lung pains.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 246"
10735,1084,Coreopsis tripteris L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,213,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of stems taken for internal pains.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 213"
10939,1098,Cornus racemosa Lam.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,"218, 219",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark held in mouth for neuralgia.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 218, 219"
11330,1121,Crataegus calpodendron (Ehrh.) Medik.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,241,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of twigs used for a pain in the side and bladder trouble.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 241"
12556,1308,Dioscorea villosa L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,220,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used by women for pain at childbirth.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 220"
12828,1349,Echinacea angustifolia var. angustifolia,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,212,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for stomach cramps and fits.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 212"
12939,1369,Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Gray,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,220,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of pounded root applied for headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 220"
13787,1480,Erigeron philadelphicus L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,213214,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Snuff of powdered florets used for sick headaches.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 213214"
15832,1727,Geranium maculatum L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,222,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root used for neuralgia and toothache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 222"
16865,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,249,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Seeds used for severe headache and root used for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 249"
21523,2327,Lycopus americanus Muhl. ex W. Bart.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,225,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing entire plant used for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 225"
23305,2508,Monarda punctata L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,225226,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing leaves snuffed up nostrils for sick headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 225226"
23306,2508,Monarda punctata L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,225226,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing leaves used for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 225226"
28589,3017,Platanus occidentalis L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,235,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark eaten for internal pains.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 235"
37021,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,234,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root chewed and spittle applied to burn pains.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 234"
37999,3685,Silphium integrifolium Michx.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,216,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root steam directed to crippled area and used for pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 216"
38117,3698,Sisyrinchium campestre Bickn.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,224,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for cramps and decoction used for hay fever.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 224"
40768,4027,Triosteum perfoliatum L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,207208,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used on a newborn infant with a sore head.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 207208"
43128,4134,Viburnum opulus L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,208,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken by 'one who feels pain over his entire body.',"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 208"
43509,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,252,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of twigs held in child's mouth for pain of Indian turnip poisoning.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 252"
44656,4256,Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J. Koch,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,250,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing flower stalks used as snuff for sick headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 250"
2623,174,Alnus sp.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark used for cramps.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 54"
4143,319,Aralia racemosa L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,"54, 55",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for headaches and female pains.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 54, 55"
6031,421,Asarum canadense L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for cramps and as a stomachic.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 55"
10529,1055,Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,56,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for headache and inflammation.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56"
11075,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,56,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Herb used for headache.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56"
17835,1984,Inula helenium L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for headaches.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57"
19251,2070,Kalmia angustifolia L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Herb used for pain, swellings and sprains.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57"
19252,2070,Kalmia angustifolia L.,141,Micmac,103,s17,316,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves bound to head for headache.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 316"
23442,2525,Morella cerifera (L.) Small,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used for headaches.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 58"
32657,3300,Ranunculus acris L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used for headaches.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 60"
37084,3577,Sanicula marilandica L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used for menstrual pain.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 61"
38537,3758,Sorbus americana Marsh.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,60,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark used for 'mother pains.',"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 60"
39256,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Herbs used for headache.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 62"
39586,3903,Taxus canadensis Marsh.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Parts of plant used for afterbirth pain and clots.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 62"
39897,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,62,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Stems used for headaches.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 62"
891,38,Achillea millefolium L.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,166,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried or green mashed leaves used for pain and used during influenza epidemic.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 166"
892,38,Achillea millefolium L.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,166,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried or green mashed leaves used for pain.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 166"
3448,260,Angelica breweri Gray,144,Miwok,100,bg33,166,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root chewed for headaches.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 166"
5069,394,Artemisia douglasiana Bess.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,167,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves worn in nostrils for headaches.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 167"
5841,410,Artemisia vulgaris L.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,167,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves worn in nostrils for headaches.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 167"
6887,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,167,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of ground root cooled and taken for headaches.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 167"
8814,829,Centaurium exaltatum (Griseb.) W. Wight ex Piper,144,Miwok,100,bg33,168,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of stems and leaves taken for internal pains.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 168"
19910,2132,Lepechinia calycina (Benth.) Epling ex Munz,144,Miwok,100,bg33,173,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for headaches.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 173"
23351,2511,Monardella lanceolata Gray,144,Miwok,100,bg33,171,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of leaves, upper stems and flowers taken for headaches.","Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 171"
28750,3041,Polygala cornuta Kellogg,144,Miwok,100,bg33,172,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction used for pains.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 172"
33991,3422,Rosa californica Cham. & Schlecht.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,172,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and berries taken for pains.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 172"
40567,3995,Trichostema lanceolatum Benth.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,173,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and flowers taken for headaches.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 173"
41644,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,174,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves and twigs bound to forehead for headaches.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 174"
41900,4060,Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea (Nutt.) Thorne,144,Miwok,100,bg33,174,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Branch used to strike affected parts for certain pains.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 174"
1332,55,Acorus calamus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for stomach pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
2365,168,Alnus incana (L.) Moench,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of twigs used as a liniment for pain of sprains, bruises, backache and headache.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
2634,174,Alnus sp.,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,265,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion used as wash for sprains, bruises, headaches and backache.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 265"
4295,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,70,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied for rheumatic pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 70"
4841,367,Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"70, 128",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of dried root used as a liniment for pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 70, 128"
7496,618,Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"71, 128",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of fresh leaves applied to headaches.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 71, 128"
7497,618,Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,264,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves bound to the skin for headache.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 264"
7498,618,Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch,149,Mohegan,62,cw45,120,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of mustard applied to body pains.,"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 120"
7499,618,Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch,149,Mohegan,62,cw45,120,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of wilted leaves applied to the skin for headache.,"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 120"
7970,723,Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"71, 128",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of seed pods taken for stomach pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 71, 128"
17447,1920,Humulus lupulus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,130,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Blossoms used for pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 130"
18101,2017,Iris versicolor L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"74, 130",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of pulverized root mixed with flour applied to pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 74, 130"
23425,2521,Monotropa uniflora L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"74, 130",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root or leaves taken for pain due to colds.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 74, 130"
26854,2932,Picea abies (L.) Karst.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,74,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of sap or gum applied for boil and abscess pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 74"
28241,2977,Pinus strobus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,74,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of sap or gum applied for boil and abscess pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 74"
31907,3253,Quercus alba L.,149,Mohegan,62,cw45,121,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark used as liniment for muscular pains.,"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121"
31908,3253,Quercus alba L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"75, 132",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of inner bark used as liniment for humans and horses with pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 75, 132"
43438,4176,Vitis labrusca L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"77, 132",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied to painful area.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 77, 132"
43439,4176,Vitis labrusca L.,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,264,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves bound to the head for headache.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 264"
43463,4182,Vitis sp.,149,Mohegan,62,cw45,121,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves applied to head for headache.,"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121"
18102,2017,Iris versicolor L.,150,Montagnais,110,tan28,268,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound poultice of plant and flour applied to pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 268"
18103,2017,Iris versicolor L.,150,Montagnais,103,s17,315,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed plant mixed with flour applied to any pain.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 315"
19257,2070,Kalmia angustifolia L.,150,Montagnais,103,s17,314,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken sparingly for backache.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 314"
22036,2378,Maianthemum canadense Desf.,150,Montagnais,103,s17,314,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken for headache.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 314"
32658,3300,Ranunculus acris L.,150,Montagnais,103,s17,315,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Crushed leaves inhaled for headaches.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 315"
35953,3538,Salix lucida Muhl.,150,Montagnais,103,s17,315,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken and poultice of bark applied for headache.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 315"
9848,941,Cicuta douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,71,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used for headaches.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 71"
10201,1017,Clematis hirsutissima Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves used for headaches.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
44590,4250,Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of cooked, mashed bulbs applied to strain and bruise pains.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 27"
27521,2958,Pinus echinata P. Mill.,154,Nanticoke,22,t42,55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,'Pellets of tar' considered 'beneficial for soreness of the back.',"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 55"
5663,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound of plants used for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5830,409,Artemisia tripartita ssp. tripartita,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
10226,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
11546,1153,Cryptantha fulvocanescens var. fulvocanescens,157,Navajo,74,e44,72,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain from a fall.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 72"
11968,1216,Dalea candida var. candida,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound of plants used for abdomen pain caused by colds and loose bowels.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
11969,1216,Dalea candida var. candida,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots chewed for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
12101,1242,Datura sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used as pain killer for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
13935,1494,Eriogonum alatum Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
15757,1713,Gentiana affinis Griseb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,69,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used as a snuff for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 69"
16304,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant ashes rubbed on the body for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16305,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
16452,1803,Hedeoma drummondii Benth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,72,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 72"
18868,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Seeds eaten for headaches.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
21730,2351,Machaeranthera pinnatifida ssp. pinnatifida,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant or some part of it used for headaches.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
23247,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of plant used as a wash for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
23295,2507,Monarda pectinata Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,153,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 153"
29781,3116,Portulaca oleracea L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
35565,3508,Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
1027,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches caused by weak or sore eyes.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 44"
3323,246,Androsace septentrionalis ssp. subulifera (Gray) G.T. Robbins,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain from witches' arrows.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 35"
3954,306,Aquilegia triternata Payson,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used as a ceremonial fumigant for headaches or other severe pain.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 22"
11841,1188,Cymopterus purpurascens (Gray) M.E. Jones,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,34,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for backache.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 34"
13436,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,15,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken or cold infusion used as a lotion for backaches.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 15"
13725,1469,Erigeron concinnus var. condensatus D.C. Eat.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used as a lotion for headaches.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 47"
13729,1470,Erigeron divergens Torr. & Gray,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used as a snuff for headaches.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 47"
14114,1527,Eriogonum racemosum Nutt.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,19,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for backaches and sideaches.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 19"
14577,1585,Euphorbia brachycera Engelm.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,30,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for injuries and pain.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 30"
18993,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,15,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 15"
20411,2205,Linum lewisii Pursh,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,30,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 30"
31286,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,15,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 15"
37934,3659,Shepherdia rotundifolia Parry,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Ash used as lotion for headaches.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 32"
1892,100,Ageratina herbacea (Gray) King & H.E. Robins.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,51,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion taken and used as lotion for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 51"
3319,245,Androsace septentrionalis L.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,"38, 39",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion taken for internal pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 38, 39"
3837,297,Apocynum cannabinum L.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken for persistent stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 39"
3982,312,Arabis perennans S. Wats.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion taken and used as lotion for general body pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 28"
4719,355,Arenaria lanuginosa ssp. saxosa (Gray) Maguire,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,26,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion used as lotion on forehead for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 26"
5674,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for postpartum pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 48"
6601,501,Atriplex argentea Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used as a fumigant for pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 24"
6633,503,Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of tops or roots taken as an emetic for gastric pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 24"
6822,540,Bahia dissecta (Gray) Britt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction taken for menstrual pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 49"
7558,627,Brickellia grandiflora (Hook.) Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of dried leaves taken for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 49"
7932,713,Campanula rotundifolia L.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used as ceremonial fumigant for head trouble.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 47"
8486,788,Castilleja linariifolia Benth.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for stomachaches.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44"
9154,865,Chamaesyce albomarginata (Torr. & Gray) Small,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion used for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 35"
9164,866,Chamaesyce fendleri (Torr. & Gray) Small,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion or decoction used for stomachache and diarrhea.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 35"
9237,880,Chamaesyce serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion or decoction of plant taken for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 35"
10203,1017,Clematis hirsutissima Pursh,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for congested nose pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 27"
10230,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of plant used as lotion for backache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 27"
10705,1076,Cordylanthus wrightii Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken for menstrual pain and by men for leg or body aches.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44"
11171,1108,Corydalis curvisiliqua ssp. occidentalis (Engelm. ex Gray) W.A. Weber,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion taken for stomachache and used as lotion for backache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 28"
11974,1216,Dalea candida var. candida,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 33"
12208,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Cold infusion of root taken and used as a lotion for injury pain, a narcotic.","Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 42"
12672,1330,Dracocephalum parviflorum Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Cold, compound infusion of leaves taken for headache.","Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 41"
13606,1450,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. bigelovii (Gray) Nesom & Baird,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,"49, 50",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves made into a lotion and used for headache and decoction of root used for menstrual pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 49, 50"
13722,1468,Erigeron concinnus (Hook. & Arn.) Torr. & Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,50,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion taken and used as lotion for general body pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 50"
13821,1484,Erigeron speciosus var. macranthus (Nutt.) Cronq.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,50,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction taken for menstrual pain and as a contraceptive.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 50"
14057,1514,Eriogonum jamesii Benth.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of whole plant taken to ease labor pains.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 23"
14073,1516,Eriogonum leptophyllum (Torr. & Gray) Woot. & Standl.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of whole plant used for postpartum pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 23"
14302,1553,Erysimum capitatum (Dougl. ex Hook.) Greene,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,"28, 29",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Crushed leaves 'smelled' for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 28, 29"
15500,1687,Galium fendleri Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken and used as lotion for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 45"
16321,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,51,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for painful urination and stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 51"
17091,1874,Heuchera novomexicana Wheelock,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,29,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken as needed for internal pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 29"
17106,1876,Heuchera parvifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,"29, 30",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 29, 30"
17989,2002,Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for stomachache and arthritis.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 40"
18687,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,"11, 12",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction used for postpartum or menstrual pain and cold infusion used for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 11, 12"
18994,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,12,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of needles taken and used as lotion for headache and stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 12"
21280,2279,Lotus wrightii (Gray) Greene,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves used for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 32"
22433,2417,Marrubium vulgare L.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used for stomachache and influenza.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 41"
22584,2440,Menodora scabra Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root used for backbone pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 39"
23297,2507,Monarda pectinata Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion taken and used as poultice for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 41"
23314,2508,Monarda punctata L.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion taken and used as poultice for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 42"
23760,2577,Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,43,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves smoked in corn husks for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 43"
24298,2619,Oenothera coronopifolia Torr. & Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,37,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of leaves taken for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37"
25143,2707,Oxalis drummondii Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,34,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bulb used for pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 34"
25295,2728,Packera multilobata (Torr. & Gray ex Gray) W.A. Weber & A. L”ve,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,53,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used for menstrual pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 53"
25821,2801,Penstemon barbatus (Cav.) Roth,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for menstrual pain and stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44"
25923,2812,Penstemon jamesii Benth.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Cold, compound infusion of plant taken for headache caused by hunting.","Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44"
25969,2829,Pericome caudata Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for general body pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52"
25970,2829,Pericome caudata Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Fresh leaves 'smelled' for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52"
27641,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,"12, 13",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction used for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 12, 13"
28901,3057,Polygonum aviculare L.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Warm infusion of plant taken for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 23"
28967,3071,Polygonum ramosissimum Michx.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Warm infusion of plant taken for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 24"
29850,3131,Potentilla norvegica ssp. monspeliensis (L.) Aschers. & Graebn.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,31,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of whole plant used for pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31"
30825,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,31,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of dried fruit taken for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31"
31338,3204,Psilostrophe tagetina (Nutt.) Greene,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Strong infusion taken for stomachache or as a cathartic.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52"
31358,3205,Psoralidium lanceolatum (Pursh) Rydb.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,34,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of plant taken for stomachache and menstrual pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 34"
32081,3263,Quercus gambelii Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root bark used for postpartum pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22"
32616,3250,Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella],159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root bark taken for internal pains.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22"
32617,3250,Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella],159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root bark used for internal pains.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 22"
32756,3323,Ratibida tagetes (James) Barnh.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,52,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Strong infusion of leaves used for stomachache or as a cathartic.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52"
33211,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,"35, 36",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves chewed for stomachache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 35, 36"
37107,3582,Sanvitalia abertii Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,53,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of leaves taken and used as lotion for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 53"
37108,3582,Sanvitalia abertii Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,53,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction used for menstrual pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 53"
39643,3914,Tetradymia canescens DC.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,53,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold simple or compound infusion of leaves taken for various aches and pain.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 53"
39817,3944,Thermopsis montana var. montana,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,34,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing plant used as fumigant for headache.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 34"
44628,4253,Zinnia grandiflora Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,54,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of plant taken for stomachache, heartburn and as a cathartic.","Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 54"
1340,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,355,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 355"
3756,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,354355,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root smoke inhaled for headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 354355"
4300,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,363,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing root taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 363"
7228,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,358,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root bark cooked with maple sugar as syrup for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 358"
8578,806,Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,358,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for stomach cramps accompanying painful menstruation.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 358"
10046,975,Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,364,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used by men and women for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364"
10500,1052,Comarum palustre L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,384385,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used alone for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 384385"
10539,1055,Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,375,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken for flux and stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 375"
11867,1195,Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale (Fern.) Cooperrider,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,359360,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant burned on live coals and fumes inhaled for headaches.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 359360"
13826,1485,Erigeron strigosus var. strigosus,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,364,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for sick headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364"
14633,1595,Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,363,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root used to bathe the head for headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 363"
14641,1597,Euthamia graminifolia var. graminifolia,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,366,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of flowers taken for chest pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 366"
15001,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,384,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion taken for stomachaches.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 384"
17768,1981,Impatiens capensis Meerb.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,357358,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Juice of fresh plant rubbed on head for headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 357358"
22037,2378,Maianthemum canadense Desf.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,373374,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headache and sore throat.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 373374"
22110,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,374,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing root used for headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 374"
27117,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,244,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots and bark used for stomach pain.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 244"
28874,3053,Polygonum amphibium var. emersum Michx.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,381,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken for stomach pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 381"
31481,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,382,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken by women to allay stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 382"
31482,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,382,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Smoke from dried leaves on coals used for headaches.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 382"
37035,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,231,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Plant used for stomach pain, fainting and trembling in fits.","Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231"
39907,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,380,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves used for headache.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 380"
41932,4066,Uvularia grandiflora Sm.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,374,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Root used for stomach pain, perhaps pleurisy.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 374"
43164,4135,Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,361,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of inner bark taken for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 361"
1460,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,201,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomach pain caused by having 'swallowed hair.',"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201"
3187,221,Amorpha canescens Pursh,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,200,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomach pain.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200"
3333,248,Anemone canadensis L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,201,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root used for pain in the lumbar region.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201"
3351,253,Anemone sp.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,200,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Snuff of powdered, dry leaves used as an errhine for headache.","Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200"
9135,861,Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves used as herbal steam for headache and backache.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
9136,861,Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves and bark applied for headache.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
15879,1731,Geum aleppicum Jacq.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,200,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Weak decoction of root taken for chest soreness.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200"
19179,2064,Juniperus virginiana L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bruised leaves and berries used internally for headache.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
19477,2097,Lappula squarrosa (Retz.) Dumort.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,201,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots on hot stones use as an inhalant or snuff of raw root used for headache.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201"
19528,2099,Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Boiled, crushed leaves and bark used as herbal steam for headache and backache.","Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
19529,2099,Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves and bark applied for headache.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
22117,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,199,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used as an inhalant for headache.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199"
23252,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,201,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for 'pain in the stomach and intestines.',"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201"
28101,2973,Pinus resinosa Soland.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and bark used as herbal steam for headache and backache.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
28102,2973,Pinus resinosa Soland.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves and bark applied for headache.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
28258,2977,Pinus strobus L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Boiled, crushed leaves used as herbal steam for headache and backache.","Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
28259,2977,Pinus strobus L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of crushed leaves applied for headaches.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
30509,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,199,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pains.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199"
30656,3177,Prunus serotina Ehrh.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,199,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of inner bark taken for chest pain and soreness.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199"
34550,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,199,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pain.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199"
34723,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,199,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pain.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199"
43262,4154,Viola canadensis L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,201,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root used for pains near the bladder.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201"
908,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for headaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
5139,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of mashed, dampened leaves applied to the forehead for headaches.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
13796,1480,Erigeron philadelphicus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,83,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and blossoms taken for headaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 83"
15420,1675,Gaillardia aristata Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Flowers used to 'paint' the body for pain.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
22706,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of stems taken for pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
25887,2808,Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant tops taken for headaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
29836,3128,Potentilla gracilis Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of pounded roots taken as a general tonic for pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
32678,3307,Ranunculus glaberrimus Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,119,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of mashed and dampened whole plants applied to pains of any kind.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"
33849,3412,Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of fresh, whole plants applied to the forehead for headaches.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
38718,3791,Spiraea betulifolia Pallas,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of branches used for menstrual pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38719,3791,Spiraea betulifolia Pallas,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of branches taken for abdominal pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
3956,307,Arabis drummondii Gray,176,Okanagon,55,p52,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of whole plant taken for pains in the lumbar region.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
5149,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,41,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of whole plant used as a headwash for headaches.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
6232,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for headaches and general debility.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"
8703,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of stems and leaves used internally and externally for dull pains.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
21290,2282,Luetkea pectinata (Pursh) Kuntze,176,Okanagon,55,p52,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken for abdominal pains.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"
22713,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and plant tips given to children with colicky pains.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"
22714,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and plant tips taken for pains.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"
42537,4095,Valeriana sitchensis Bong.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,40,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for pains.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
3189,221,Amorpha canescens Pursh,177,Omaha,17,g19,93,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Moxa of stems used in cases of neuralgia.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 93"
3190,221,Amorpha canescens Pursh,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,334,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Moxa of twigs applied for neuralgia.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 334"
3904,300,Aquilegia canadensis L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"82, 83",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of crushed seeds taken for headache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 82, 83"
11617,1161,Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth,177,Omaha,124,ff11,584,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Pulverized root mixed with water and taken for pains.,"Fletcher, Alice C. and Francis La Flesche, 1911, The Omaha Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #27, page 584"
12743,1346,Dyssodia papposa (Vent.) A.S. Hitchc.,177,Omaha,17,g19,132133,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves stuffed up nostrils to cause nosebleed for headache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132133"
12775,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,177,Omaha,17,g19,131,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Juice used as wash for pain from burns.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131"
12776,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,177,Omaha,17,g19,131,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used in smoke treatment for headache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131"
16890,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,177,Omaha,17,g19,107,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for intestinal pains.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 107"
19958,2145,Lespedeza capitata Michx.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"97, 98",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Moxa of stems used in cases of neuralgia.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 97, 98"
26690,2915,Physalis lanceolata Michx.,177,Omaha,17,g19,113,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root used for headache and stomach trouble.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 113"
31591,3224,Pulsatilla patens (L.) P. Mill.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"80, 81",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of crushed, fresh leaves applied for rheumatism and neuralgia.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 80, 81"
32974,3347,Rhus glabra L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"99, 100",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for painful urination and retention of urine.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 99, 100"
38036,3687,Silphium perfoliatum L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,132,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used in smoke treatment for neuralgia.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 132"
38037,3687,Silphium perfoliatum L.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,334,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Smoke from burning plant inhaled for pain.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 334"
24517,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,85,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of inner bark from young spring growth taken for general aches and pains.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 85"
922,38,Achillea millefolium L.,183,Paiute,65,stew33,317,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Green plants smelled by old men for headaches.,"Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 317"
1036,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Crushed green plant smelled for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1037,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1038,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for gas pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1039,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of boiled, whole plant applied to pains or sores.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1040,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of fresh, mashed and boiled leaves applied to sprained ankle pains.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
1041,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of fresh, mashed leaves dampened with water applied with a cloth to tired, aching feet.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
1042,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of mashed leaves applied as a compress for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1721,88,Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze,183,Paiute,12,tha41,33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of leaves used for stomach pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 33"
3922,303,Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,37,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Mashed fresh roots rubbed briskly on aching rheumatic joints.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 37"
5076,394,Artemisia douglasiana Bess.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,39,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of crushed, green leaves used as a compress for headaches.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 39"
5448,401,Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana,183,Paiute,12,tha41,40-42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used as a soaking bath for aching feet.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 40-42"
5449,401,Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana,183,Paiute,12,tha41,40-42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Hot or cold decoction of whole plant or young growth taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 40-42"
5450,401,Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana,183,Paiute,12,tha41,40-42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of steamed plants or bruised leaves used for rheumatism or other aches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 40-42"
5451,401,Artemisia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana,183,Paiute,12,tha41,40-42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of steeped leaves used as a compress for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 40-42"
5693,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,44-47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Burning plant used as an inhalant for headache.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 44-47"
5694,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,44-47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of branches taken for headache.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 44-47"
5695,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,44-47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of branches taken for stomachaches, especially children's.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 44-47"
6085,427,Asclepias cryptoceras S. Wats.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root used as a wash for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 47"
6910,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,"50, 51",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 50, 51"
8907,841,Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,53-55,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 53-55"
8997,848,Chaenactis douglasii (Hook.) Hook. & Arn.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of young leaves taken or put on the hair for headaches.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
9881,943,Cicuta maculata var. angustifolia Hook.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,"58, 59",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of roasted roots applied to 'deaden muscular pain.',"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 58, 59"
13707,1462,Erigeron aphanactis var. aphanactis,183,Paiute,12,tha41,"70, 71",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of whole plant taken for stomachaches and cramps.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 70, 71"
14173,1533,Eriogonum umbellatum Torr.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,73,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 73"
17676,1968,Hypericum scouleri Hook.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,89,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used as a bath for aching feet.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 89"
18033,2011,Iris missouriensis Nutt.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,"89, 90",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 89, 90"
18776,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,92-96,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of berries taken for menstrual cramps.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 92-96"
18777,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,92-96,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of young twigs taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 92-96"
18778,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,92-96,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Fumes from burning twigs or leaves inhaled for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 92-96"
18871,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,183,Paiute,12,tha41,93-96,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of berries taken for menstrual cramps.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 93-96"
18872,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,183,Paiute,12,tha41,93-96,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of young twigs taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 93-96"
18873,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,183,Paiute,12,tha41,93-96,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Fumes from burning twigs inhaled for headaches and colds.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 93-96"
19645,2102,Larrea tridentata var. tridentata,183,Paiute,12,tha41,"96, 97",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for bowel cramps.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 96, 97"
22439,2417,Marrubium vulgare L.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,103,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Branches used to whip aching body parts to stimulate circulation.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 103"
22723,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,104105,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of various plant parts taken for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 104105"
22724,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,104105,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used in several ways for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 104105"
23012,2482,Mirabilis alipes (S. Wats.) Pilz,183,Paiute,12,tha41,"86, 87",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken and used as a wash for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 86, 87"
23013,2482,Mirabilis alipes (S. Wats.) Pilz,183,Paiute,12,tha41,"86, 87",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root used as a wash for neuralgia.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 86, 87"
23014,2482,Mirabilis alipes (S. Wats.) Pilz,183,Paiute,12,tha41,"86, 87",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of crushed, fresh leaves applied for headaches.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 86, 87"
23365,2513,Monardella odoratissima Benth.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,105106,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken for gas pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 105106"
25001,2697,Osmorhiza occidentalis (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Torr.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,109110,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomachaches and gas pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 109110"
26609,2901,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,116,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Sugary sap taken by pneumonia patients to loosen phlegm and soothe lung pain.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 116"
27312,2942,Picrothamnus desertorum Nutt.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,"43, 44",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of branches taken for chronic stomach troubles and cramps.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 43, 44"
27836,2965,Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,117118,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of heated resin applied for general muscular soreness.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 117118"
30928,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,123124,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Dried, pulverized bark smoked for headache or headcold.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 123124"
31048,3187,Psathyrotes ramosissima (Torr.) Gray,183,Paiute,12,tha41,125126,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant used as a head wash for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 125126"
31386,3209,Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius,183,Paiute,12,tha41,64-66,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of stem taken for muscular pain and stem chewed for facial neuralgia.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66"
31387,3209,Psorothamnus polydenius var. polydenius,183,Paiute,12,tha41,64-66,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of stems taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 64-66"
31694,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,126-128,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound infusion of twigs and leaves taken for tubercular lung pain.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 126-128"
35314,3485,Rumex crispus L.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,131132,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of pulped root applied to rheumatic pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 131132"
35496,3496,Rumex venosus Pursh,183,Paiute,12,tha41,132133,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 132133"
36420,3559,Salvia dorrii ssp. dorrii var. incana (Benth.) Strachan,183,Paiute,12,tha41,136137,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaf and sometimes stem taken for stomachaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 136137"
36421,3559,Salvia dorrii ssp. dorrii var. incana (Benth.) Strachan,183,Paiute,12,tha41,136137,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of leaf or stem taken, used as a wash and fumes inhaled for headaches.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 136137"
38838,3818,Stanleya pinnata (Pursh) Britt.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,142,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of mashed root applied for throat pain.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 142"
39127,3852,Symphoricarpos longiflorus Gray,183,Paiute,12,tha41,143,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of plant taken for stomach pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 143"
44562,4249,Zigadenus paniculatus (Nutt.) S. Wats.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,149,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of bulb used for neuralgia.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 149"
44596,4250,Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,149150,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of bulb used for rheumatic pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 149150"
5735,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for headaches.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
5736,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Small plant pieces stuffed into the nostrils for headaches.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
18900,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,130,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roasted berry steam used for pains.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 130"
20787,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots mixed with tobacco and smoked for headaches.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 129"
20788,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots smoked and decoction of roots taken or used as a head wash for head pains.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 129"
25020,2697,Osmorhiza occidentalis (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Torr.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots chewed for chest pains.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"