id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
4573,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries and oil eaten with dry meat.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 99"
4574,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten with salmon eggs, to prevent the eggs from sticking to the teeth.","Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 99"
12982,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
30697,3179,Prunus subcordata Benth.,115,Klamath,66,c97,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried or fresh fruit used for food.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 99"
30940,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,183,Paiute,153,k32,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 99"
33993,3422,Rosa californica Cham. & Schlecht.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 99"
34012,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 99"
34270,3436,Rosa woodsii var. woodsii,115,Klamath,66,c97,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 99"
34614,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,115,Klamath,66,c97,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 99"
42132,4079,Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries and low sweet blueberry were important items of food and used fresh or canned.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 99"
42293,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries sweetened with maple sugar and always used as an article of food.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 99"
30348,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,115,Klamath,66,c97,98-99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 98-99"
10055,978,Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura & Nakai,16,Apalachee,197,hann86,98,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 98"
10855,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,98,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 98"
14995,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,115,Klamath,66,c97,98,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 98"
42005,4072,Vaccinium caespitosum var. caespitosum,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,98,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 98"
42010,4073,Vaccinium caespitosum var. paludicola (Camp) Hult‚n,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,98,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 98"
2975,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,115,Klamath,66,c97,97,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 97"
24632,2654,Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,97,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 97"
24789,2669,Opuntia ramosissima Engelm.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,97,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 97"
24884,2642,Opuntia ?occidentalis Engelm. & Bigelow (pro sp.) [littoralis ? (engelmannii ? phaeacantha)],24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,97,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 97"
33345,3359,Ribes aureum Pursh,115,Klamath,66,c97,97,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 97"
33405,3363,Ribes cereum Dougl.,115,Klamath,66,c97,97,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 97"
33512,3370,Ribes hirtellum Michx.,115,Klamath,66,c97,97,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 97"
34774,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,97,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 97"
42191,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,97,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 97"
11111,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries pounded, mixed with chokecherries or saskatoon berries or boiled and eaten alone.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
14991,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,100,Iroquois,107,p10,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"
15669,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten as fresh fruit.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 96"
15670,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries mixed with stink currants, sugar and oolichan grease and eaten.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 96"
15736,1707,Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,107,p10,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"
23147,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,107,p10,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten by women.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"
24648,2658,Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) P. Mill.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Peeled, cool fruit eaten as a refreshing early morning meal.","Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 96"
30707,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,Cherries eaten fresh.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 96"
34634,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 96"
36716,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,100,Iroquois,107,p10,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"
43127,4134,Viburnum opulus L.,100,Iroquois,107,p10,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used as a favorite autumn food.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"
24566,2643,Opuntia acanthocarpa Engelm. & Bigelow,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,95,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit gathered in the spring and eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 95"
30451,3171,Prunus nigra Ait.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,95,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 95"
30467,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,95,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 95"
34932,3469,Rubus sp.,100,Iroquois,107,p10,95,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95"
43065,4130,Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
21239,2270,Lonicera utahensis S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
31832,3248,Pyrus sp.,100,Iroquois,107,p10,94,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits boiled or baked and eaten.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 94"
31833,3248,Pyrus sp.,100,Iroquois,107,p10,94,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 94"
36568,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
11156,1105,Cornus unalaschkensis Ledeb.,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,93,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 93"
34375,3445,Rubus chamaemorus L.,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,93,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten raw with sugar, seal oil or both.","Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 93"
34443,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,93,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 93"
37873,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,93,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries whipped, mixed with sugar and eaten.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 93"
13071,1393,Empetrum nigrum L.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,92,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten with oil and sugar or mixed with other berries, sourdock, ice cream or fish livers. This was a favorite food made just the same way and still just as good as it had been for centuries.  It was one food one could eat all one wanted, for any meal, day after day and still like it.  It was good fresh or leftover and as a main meal, side dish or dessert.  The sweet acidic berries and fat fish livers balanced each other and also were exceptionally nutritious.  The only limiting factor in how much one ate was picking enough berries and catching enough fish to have the ingredients.  The recipe was as follows:  pick clean, ripe blackberries, at least one gallon.  Save the livers from four, large freshly caught fall trout.  Pinch out the bile sack, without breaking it, and discard.  Soak the livers in a bowl of cold water while you finish caring for the fish.  Rinse the livers, throw out the soak water.  Simmer the livers in clean water until just done, five to ten minutes.  Lift the livers out to drain and cool.  They could be stored a few days this way in the refrigerator.  Skim the oil off the broth and save to add.  Mash the livers thoroughly in a bowl, every tiny lump, using your hand or a fork.  Mix in a little water as you mash to make a smooth paste, like thick hotcake batter.  Stir in the whole blackberries until all the paste was taken up coating the berries.  No salt or sugar was ever used or needed.  Newcomers would prefer trout livers which were mild, but after awhile began to crave the stronger taste and more satisfying oiliness of Tom Cod livers.","Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 92"
34447,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,92,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 92"
34738,3462,Rubus odoratus L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,92,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 92"
34886,3467,Rubus pubescens Raf.,100,Iroquois,116,r45i,92,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 92"
11425,1131,Crataegus sp.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,91,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 91"
14958,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,91,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit gathered, cultivated and eaten fresh.","Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 91"
3136,214,Amelanchier sp.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 90"
3142,214,Amelanchier sp.,100,Iroquois,116,r45i,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 90"
4557,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
14938,1639,Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
14939,1639,Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
22019,2377,Mahonia sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
30339,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries occasionally eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
33729,3396,Ribes sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
34166,3432,Rosa sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
34595,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
34596,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
37825,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
38531,3758,Sorbus americana Marsh.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 90"
41658,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ffleshy end of the husk eaten raw and the kernel roasted and eaten whole.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 90"
42050,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries boiled and eaten.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
42051,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
42052,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,90,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
26715,2919,Physalis sp.,97,Hualapai,127,w82,9,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh from the vine.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 9"
42455,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",36,k85,9,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries boiled with sugar and flour to thicken.,"Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 9"
42456,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",36,k85,9,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten raw, plain or mixed raw with sugar, grease or the combination of the two.","Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 9"
42457,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",36,k85,9,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries fried in grease with sugar or dried fish eggs.,"Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 9"
43951,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,248,Southwest Indians,58,bc41,9,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 9"
3138,214,Amelanchier sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries boiled and eaten.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
3139,214,Amelanchier sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
3140,214,Amelanchier sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
11433,1131,Crataegus sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
21198,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 89"
30679,3178,Prunus sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
30880,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
30881,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
34925,3469,Rubus sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
34926,3469,Rubus sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
36921,3570,Sambucus sp.,47,Coeur d'Alene,144,teit28,89,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
31020,3184,Prunus virginiana var. virginiana,61,Dakota,17,g19,88,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88"
31025,3184,Prunus virginiana var. virginiana,177,Omaha,17,g19,88,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88"
31030,3184,Prunus virginiana var. virginiana,190,Pawnee,17,g19,88,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88"
31036,3184,Prunus virginiana var. virginiana,205,Ponca,17,g19,88,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 88"
33505,3369,Ribes glandulosum Grauer,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,88,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 88"
35029,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,88,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh in summer.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 88"
35081,3472,Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,88,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 88"
38276,3720,Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.,193,Pima,11,c49,88,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries powdered, placed in milk, a piece of rabbit or cow stomach added and liquid eaten as cheese.","Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 88"
2953,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,61,Dakota,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Prized berries used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
3019,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,177,Omaha,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Prized berries used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
3024,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,205,Ponca,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Prized berries used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
3060,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,280,Winnebago,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Prized berries used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
4240,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,287,Yuki,69,c57ii,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 87"
11341,1122,Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe,177,Omaha,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit sometimes used for food, but mostly as a famine food.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
11344,1122,Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe,205,Ponca,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit sometimes used for food, but mostly as a famine food.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
11348,1122,Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe,280,Winnebago,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit sometimes used for food, but mostly as a famine food.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
21398,2313,Lycium andersonii Gray,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 87"
21412,2315,Lycium fremontii Gray,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 87"
22279,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"
30249,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,61,Dakota,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
30285,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,177,Omaha,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
30290,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
30294,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,205,Ponca,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
30299,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Highly valued fruit eaten fresh and raw.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 87"
30970,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,287,Yuki,69,c57ii,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 87"
30971,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,287,Yuki,69,c57ii,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe berries cooked and eaten.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 87"
33450,3367,Ribes cynosbati L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used fresh.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 87"
33747,3397,Ribes triste Pallas,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used raw .,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 87"
34040,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,52,Cowichan,23,tb71,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Hips eaten raw in fall.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"
34071,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,215,Saanich,23,tb71,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Hips eaten raw in fall.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"
34641,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"
34655,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,287,Yuki,69,c57ii,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 87"
34851,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,87,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh or boiled.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87"
3027,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,215,Saanich,23,tb71,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten in late summer.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"
3028,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten in late summer.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"
11371,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Dry, sweetish fruits eaten in late fall.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"
14853,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"
14905,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"
15022,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"
22291,2392,Malus ioensis (Wood) Britt.,177,Omaha,17,g19,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 86"
22292,2392,Malus ioensis (Wood) Britt.,205,Ponca,17,g19,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 86"
24225,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,215,Saanich,23,tb71,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten ripe.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"
36621,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,287,Yuki,69,c57ii,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 86"
42443,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,86,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries cooked with fish eggs, fish (whitefish, sheefish or pike), blubber and eaten.","Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 86"
4417,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,287,Yuki,69,c57ii,85,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe berries eaten raw.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 85"
11249,1111,Corylus cornuta Marsh.,100,Iroquois,116,r45i,85,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit roasted and eaten.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 85"
21846,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
21855,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,225,Sanpoil,32,tbk80,85,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
11370,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,183,Paiute,98,m53,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or boiled.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 84"
14913,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,61,Dakota,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
14918,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,177,Omaha,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
14919,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,190,Pawnee,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
14920,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,205,Ponca,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
14923,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,280,Winnebago,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
14985,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,61,Dakota,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
15016,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,177,Omaha,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
15019,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,190,Pawnee,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
15020,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,205,Ponca,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
15032,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,280,Winnebago,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
30939,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,183,Paiute,98,m53,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Chokecherry cakes ground and boiled with flour, sugar and occasionally roasted deer liver.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 84"
33632,3382,Ribes missouriense Nutt.,61,Dakota,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food in season.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
33638,3382,Ribes missouriense Nutt.,177,Omaha,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food in season.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
33641,3382,Ribes missouriense Nutt.,205,Ponca,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food in season.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
33642,3382,Ribes missouriense Nutt.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food in season.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
34528,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,61,Dakota,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
34556,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,177,Omaha,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
34560,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,190,Pawnee,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
34563,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,205,Ponca,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
34696,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
34733,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
34736,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,84,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84"
3068,206,Amelanchier alnifolia var. cusickii (Fern.) C.L. Hitchc.,183,Paiute,98,m53,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 83"
15623,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berry-like fruits used for food.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 83"
15683,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83"
34836,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,183,Paiute,98,m53,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten ripe and fresh.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 83"
34939,3469,Rubus sp.,183,Paiute,98,m53,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 83"
42205,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83"
42242,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,216,Salish,23,tb71,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83"
42296,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83"
42346,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh or cooked.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83"
42429,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,83,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 83"
4646,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,82,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw or cooked.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 82"
35011,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,183,Paiute,98,m53,82,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten ripe and fresh.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 82"
10859,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,216,Salish,23,tb71,81,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 81"
14832,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,81,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 81"
18406,2053,Juniperus californica Carr.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,81,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 81"
34187,3432,Rosa sp.,183,Paiute,98,m53,81,1,Food,52,Fruit,Rose hips eaten fresh.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 81"
14878,1635,Fragaria sp.,183,Paiute,98,m53,80,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 80"
36588,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,80,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries cooked and used for food.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"
43067,4130,Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,80,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries cooked and eaten with oil.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"
43068,4130,Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,80,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"
21990,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
30528,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,95,Hopi,37,w39,79,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 79"
33742,3396,Ribes sp.,183,Paiute,98,m53,79,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 79"
14862,1635,Fragaria sp.,27,Carrier,134,c73,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 78"
24871,2673,Opuntia versicolor Engelm. ex Coult.,193,Pima,104,r08,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 78"
33355,3359,Ribes aureum Pursh,183,Paiute,98,m53,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Ripe, crushed berries eaten with sugar.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 78"
33709,3394,Ribes sanguineum Pursh,183,Paiute,98,m53,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 78"
34261,3435,Rosa woodsii var. ultramontana (S. Wats.) Jepson,95,Hopi,37,w39,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits occasionally eaten by children.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 78"
42411,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 78"
42412,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with blubber and blackberries and eaten with or without sugar.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 78"
42413,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries mixed with potatoes, cabbage or lettuce and pickled.","Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 78"
42414,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries mixed with raw, fresh fish eggs and eaten with seal oil and sugar.","Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 78"
42415,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,78,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with sourdock and fermented.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 78"
4328,332,Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng.,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,77,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food. Berry was juicy but rather insipid in flavor.  Not usually available in large quantities.  Picked in poor berry years and mixed with blueberries.  Flavor was much improved with cooking.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 77"
16982,1860,Heteromeles arbutifolia (Lindl.) M. Roemer,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,77,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten cooked and raw.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 77"
34953,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,27,Carrier,134,c73,77,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 77"
8807,824,Celtis occidentalis L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,76,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used occasionally for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76"
8808,824,Celtis occidentalis L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,76,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries pounded fine, mixed with a little fat and parched corn and used for food.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76"
22059,2379,Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,76,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries occasionally eaten raw.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 76"
44661,4257,Ziziphus obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray,193,Pima,104,r08,76,1,Food,52,Fruit,Black berries beaten with sticks and eaten raw.,"Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 76"
3072,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,75,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 75"
10086,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,193,Pima,104,r08,75,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten as one of the most important foods.,"Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 75"
21418,2315,Lycium fremontii Gray,193,Pima,104,r08,75,1,Food,52,Fruit,Red berries boiled and eaten.,"Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 75"
24626,2653,Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck,193,Pima,104,r08,75,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits freed from thorns, peeled and eaten.","Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 75"
35065,3472,Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,75,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten and well liked.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
14937,1639,Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,74,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit always eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 74"
21446,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,74,e44,74,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 74"
34045,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,74,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Outside of the fruit, or hip, eaten with oil.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
34602,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,74,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten with oil.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
34794,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,74,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
43500,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,74,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit considered an important food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 74"
43850,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,74,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten when thoroughly ripe.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 74"
44114,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,74,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten when thoroughly ripe.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 74"
34391,3445,Rubus chamaemorus L.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,73,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 73"
34392,3445,Rubus chamaemorus L.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,73,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with blueberries and eaten fresh.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 73"
2967,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,72,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"
14835,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,72,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"
14887,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,72,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"
14986,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,72,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"
43507,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,72,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 72"
43985,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,291,Zuni,6,s15,72,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit eaten fresh or boiled, cooled and the skin peeled off with a knife.","Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 72"
4329,332,Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
10835,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Gathered and mixed with other berries.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
11150,1104,Cornus suecica L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Gathered and mixed with other berries.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
13067,1393,Empetrum nigrum L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
41949,4069,Vaccinium alpinum Bigel.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
42405,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
42472,4090,Vaccinium vitis-idaea ssp. minus (Lodd.) Hult‚n,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
8201,757,Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,193,Pima,104,r08,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe fruits eaten raw.,"Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71"
14997,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,138,Menominee,51,s23,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71"
26502,2894,Phoradendron californicum Nutt.,193,Pima,104,r08,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries boiled and eaten.,"Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71"
30545,3174,Prunus pumila L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71"
30633,3177,Prunus serotina Ehrh.,138,Menominee,51,s23,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Cherries eaten fresh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71"
30634,3177,Prunus serotina Ehrh.,138,Menominee,51,s23,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Cherries, if eaten when picked and allowed to stand some time, said to make the Indian drunk.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71"
30811,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Cherries eaten fresh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71"
33454,3367,Ribes cynosbati L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used in favorite aboriginal Menomini dish.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71"
34313,3438,Rubus allegheniensis Porter,138,Menominee,51,s23,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71"
34539,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,138,Menominee,51,s23,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71"
34717,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten fresh, not important as a fresh fruit.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71"
38204,3710,Smilax herbacea L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for their pleasant taste.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 71"
43827,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,95,Hopi,37,w39,71,1,Food,52,Fruit,Large fruits oven baked.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 71"
4491,345,Arctostaphylos sp.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
16990,1860,Heteromeles arbutifolia (Lindl.) M. Roemer,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
22062,2380,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe berries eaten.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 70"
26705,2916,Physalis longifolia Nutt.,291,Zuni,6,s15,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries boiled, ground in a mortar with raw onions, chile and coriander seeds and used for food.","Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 70"
30448,3170,Prunus ilicifolia (Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) D. Dietr.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
30629,3177,Prunus serotina Ehrh.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
33016,3348,Rhus integrifolia (Nutt.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Brewer & S. Wats.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
33175,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
33310,3357,Ribes amarum McClatchie,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
33445,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,291,Zuni,6,s15,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Highly relished berries used for food.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 70"
33720,3395,Ribes sanguineum var. glutinosum (Benth.) Loud.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
34884,3466,Rubus procumbens,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
36887,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
43503,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,70,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten mainly to quench the thirst.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70"
4601,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
7981,724,Capsicum annuum L.,195,"Pima, Gila River",136,r91,7,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw and boiled.,"Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7"
21464,2317,Lycium sp.,195,"Pima, Gila River",136,r91,7,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw and boiled.,"Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7"
24628,2653,Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck,195,"Pima, Gila River",136,r91,7,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7"
24712,2663,Opuntia leptocaulis DC.,195,"Pima, Gila River",136,r91,7,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7"
43933,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,195,"Pima, Gila River",136,r91,7,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw and pit roasted.,"Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7"
44676,4258,Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston,195,"Pima, Gila River",136,r91,7,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw and boiled.,"Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7"
24706,2662,Opuntia imbricata var. imbricata,193,Pima,104,r08,69,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits roasted in pits and eaten.,"Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 69"
24880,2674,Opuntia whipplei Engelm. & Bigelow,291,Zuni,6,s15,69,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit, with the spines rubbed off, eaten raw or stewed.","Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 69"
33480,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,69,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Raw, fresh berries eaten with oil.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69"
33590,3376,Ribes laxiflorum Pursh,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,69,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw or cooked berries eaten with oil or sugar.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69"
36881,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,94,Hoh,77,r36,69,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries pit baked and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 69"
36904,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,209,Quileute,77,r36,69,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries pit baked and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 69"
38957,3839,Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC.,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,69,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 69"
44009,4227,Yucca brevifolia Engelm.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,69,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit pit roasted and eaten. Yucca supplies food in two forms.  In the early spring, the apical meristem--the 'heart' or 'cabbage' --was removed with the aid of an oak or a juniper shaft having a shovel like cutting edge at one end.  The 'cabbage' was roasted in a pit about three feet deep and perhaps five feet in diameter.  A large stone was placed in the center of the pit with smaller stones radiating out from the center.  Firewood--preferably Douglas oak--was thrown in and the hot fire burned for a half-day.  From time to time more stones--and probably wood--were added.  As the fire died down, it was covered with sand or dirt to about ground level, leaving a small aperture in the center.  The sand was tapped down, causing flames to shoot out of the hole.  Then a layer of dry pine needles was put on and the 'cabbages,' having been skinned, placed on top.  Two or three families shared the same oven.  the direction in which 'cabbages' were laid identified the owner.  Another layer of dry pine needles apparently mixed with silky California broom covered the 'cabbages.'  More sand or dirt, patted down and smoothed with a basketry tray, completed the mound, which would now reach a height of five feet but which settled in the roasting process.  The roasting continued for two nights, during which no sexual intercourse was permitted.  Otherwise it was said that 'it won't cook.'  When the 'cabbages' were pulled out, they were so hot they burned the hands.  They were cooled before they were eaten.  To be stored, they were pulled apart, mashed a little and dried.  They could not be dried or stored uncooked.  After storage they were soaked and eaten.","Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 69"
12550,1305,Dioscorea bulbifera L.,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,68,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Bitter fruit cooked, grated, washed several times, strained and eaten.","Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 68"
21462,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,291,Zuni,6,s15,68,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw when perfectly ripe or boiled and sometimes sweetened.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 68"
33379,3361,Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,68,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten with oil and could cause stomachache, if too many were eaten.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 68"
42164,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,94,Hoh,77,r36,68,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 68"
42199,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,209,Quileute,77,r36,68,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 68"
42315,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,94,Hoh,77,r36,68,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 68"
42339,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,209,Quileute,77,r36,68,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 68"
4218,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh or roasted.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 67"
15563,1701,Gaultheria ovatifolia Gray,94,Hoh,77,r36,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 67"
15566,1701,Gaultheria ovatifolia Gray,209,Quileute,77,r36,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 67"
30405,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Cherries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 67"
34570,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 67"
34643,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 67"
34856,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 67"
42021,4075,Vaccinium deliciosum Piper,94,Hoh,77,r36,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 67"
42024,4075,Vaccinium deliciosum Piper,209,Quileute,77,r36,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 67"
42121,4079,Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.,94,Hoh,77,r36,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 67"
42133,4079,Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.,209,Quileute,77,r36,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 67"
42162,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten with oil.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67"
42215,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten with oil.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67"
42218,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,94,Hoh,77,r36,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 67"
42238,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,209,Quileute,77,r36,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 67"
42271,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Raw berries, without sugar, eaten with oil.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67"
42313,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,67,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw berries eaten with oil.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67"
6204,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,66,1,Food,52,Fruit,Immature fruits peeled and inner layer eaten.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 66"
10067,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,89,Havasupai,2,ws85,66,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 66"
33152,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,66,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw berries eaten as an appetizer.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 66"
33404,3363,Ribes cereum Dougl.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,66,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 66"
33540,3374,Ribes inerme Rydb.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,66,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 66"
3030,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,65,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 65"
42161,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,65,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten with oil of whale, dogfish, hair seal or sea lion.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65"
42285,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,65,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries sweetened with maple sugar and eaten.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 65"
3077,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,94,Hoh,77,r36,64,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64"
3079,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,209,Quileute,77,r36,64,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64"
12894,1362,Echinocereus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,64,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 64"
22226,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,94,Hoh,77,r36,64,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64"
22270,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,209,Quileute,77,r36,64,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64"
42467,4090,Vaccinium vitis-idaea ssp. minus (Lodd.) Hult‚n,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,64,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries mixed with boiled fish eggs, livers, air bladders and fat and eaten.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 64"
43763,4224,Yucca angustissima Engelm. ex Trel.,95,Hopi,58,bc41,64,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit sometimes used for food.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 64"
14836,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
14837,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
14849,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
14850,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
18865,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,95,Hopi,37,w39,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 63"
30534,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh peaches eaten for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 63"
30990,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 63"
33519,3371,Ribes hudsonianum Richards.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 63"
33572,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 63"
34117,3431,Rosa pisocarpa Gray,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34121,3431,Rosa pisocarpa Gray,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34531,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34532,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34567,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34568,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34574,3455,Rubus laciniatus Willd.,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34575,3455,Rubus laciniatus Willd.,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34580,3455,Rubus laciniatus Willd.,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34581,3455,Rubus laciniatus Willd.,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34603,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34604,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34637,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34638,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34663,3460,Rubus nivalis Dougl. ex Hook.,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34664,3460,Rubus nivalis Dougl. ex Hook.,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34666,3460,Rubus nivalis Dougl. ex Hook.,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34667,3460,Rubus nivalis Dougl. ex Hook.,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34797,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34798,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34842,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34843,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34974,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
34975,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
35016,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
35017,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
35086,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
35087,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,94,Hoh,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
35095,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
35096,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,209,Quileute,77,r36,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63"
36793,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries should always be eaten cooked, as they are potentially poisonous when raw.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63"
36794,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit cooked with sugar and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63"
41997,4071,Vaccinium caespitosum Michx.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 63"
42062,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 63"
42076,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 63"
42116,4079,Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 63"
42117,4079,Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Sun dried berries boiled or pounded into pemmican and eaten.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 63"
42206,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 63"
43058,4130,Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw berries gathered to eat with oil 'on the spot.',"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63"
43106,4132,Viburnum lentago L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 63"
43163,4135,Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait.,138,Menominee,51,s23,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 63"
44015,4227,Yucca brevifolia Engelm.,248,Southwest Indians,58,bc41,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 63"
44222,4234,Yucca schidigera Roezl ex Ortgies,248,Southwest Indians,58,bc41,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 63"
44272,4237,Yucca torreyi Shafer,248,Southwest Indians,58,bc41,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten occasionally.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 63"
21415,2315,Lycium fremontii Gray,188,Papago,160,cb42,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 62"
24707,2662,Opuntia imbricata var. imbricata,258,Tewa of Hano,61,rhf16,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits boiled and eaten with sweetened cornmeal porridge.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 62"
24739,2666,Opuntia phaeacantha var. camanchica (Engelm. & Bigelow) L. Benson,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 62"
28705,3033,Podophyllum peltatum L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fresh, ripe fruits eaten.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 62"
33704,3394,Ribes sanguineum Pursh,94,Hoh,77,r36,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62"
33705,3394,Ribes sanguineum Pursh,94,Hoh,77,r36,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62"
33710,3394,Ribes sanguineum Pursh,209,Quileute,77,r36,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62"
33711,3394,Ribes sanguineum Pursh,209,Quileute,77,r36,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62"
34583,3456,Rubus lasiococcus Gray,94,Hoh,77,r36,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62"
34584,3456,Rubus lasiococcus Gray,94,Hoh,77,r36,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62"
34586,3456,Rubus lasiococcus Gray,209,Quileute,77,r36,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62"
34587,3456,Rubus lasiococcus Gray,209,Quileute,77,r36,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stewed and used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 62"
43396,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,289,Yurok,70,b81,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 62"
11131,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,61,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61"
37886,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,61,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries mixed with timber grass, dried, water added and beaten to a foam.","Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61"
42338,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,61,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 61"
42360,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,266,Tolowa,70,b81,61,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 61"
42362,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,289,Yurok,70,b81,61,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 61"
42375,4086,Vaccinium scoparium Leib. ex Coville,289,Yurok,70,b81,61,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 61"
43136,4134,Viburnum opulus L.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,61,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61"
43501,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,125,Lakota,108,r80,61,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 61"
24710,2663,Opuntia leptocaulis DC.,193,Pima,11,c49,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits freed from thorns and eaten raw.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 60"
33190,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten as they come off the bush.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33192,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits ground with sugar in a little water and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33987,3422,Rosa californica Cham. & Schlecht.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit, a 'fleshy hip,' eaten ripe.","Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 60"
34263,3435,Rosa woodsii var. ultramontana (S. Wats.) Jepson,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit, a 'fleshy hip,' eaten ripe.","Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 60"
42221,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,105,Karok,70,b81,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 60"
42236,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 60"
42245,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,266,Tolowa,70,b81,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 60"
43350,4169,Vitis aestivalis Michx.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 60"
43413,4174,Vitis cinerea var. baileyana (Munson) Comeaux,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 60"
43436,4176,Vitis labrusca L.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 60"
43445,4178,Vitis rotundifolia Michx.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 60"
2994,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries spiced and eaten.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
8782,822,Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson,97,Hualapai,127,w82,6,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 6"
25551,2757,Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe fruit collected and eaten like grapes.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
30685,3178,Prunus sp.,134,Malecite,78,sd52,6,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
22016,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 59"
24574,2644,Opuntia arbuscula Engelm.,193,Pima,11,c49,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Green fruits boiled with saltbush and used for food.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 59"
24872,2673,Opuntia versicolor Engelm. ex Coult.,193,Pima,11,c49,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Green fruits boiled with saltbush and used for food.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 59"
26702,2916,Physalis longifolia Nutt.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 59"
26724,2920,Physalis subulata var. neomexicana (Rydb.) Waterfall ex Kartesz & Gandhi,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 59"
26727,2920,Physalis subulata var. neomexicana (Rydb.) Waterfall ex Kartesz & Gandhi,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 59"
33396,3362,Ribes californicum Hook. & Arn.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 59"
33684,3390,Ribes quercetorum Greene,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 59"
33690,3391,Ribes roezlii Regel,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 59"
33773,3400,Ribes velutinum var. velutinum,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 59"
41664,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,266,Tolowa,70,b81,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit shelled, roasted and eaten.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 59"
41673,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,289,Yurok,70,b81,59,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 59"
15077,1646,Frangula californica ssp. tomentella (Benth.) Kartesz & Gandhi,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,58,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 58"
33326,3358,Ribes americanum P. Mill.,125,Lakota,108,r80,58,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 58"
33367,3360,Ribes aureum var. villosum DC.,125,Lakota,108,r80,58,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 58"
12882,1357,Echinocereus engelmannii (Parry ex Engelm.) Lem.,193,Pima,11,c49,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe fruits freed from spines and eaten raw.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 57"
14975,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57"
30801,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,125,Lakota,108,r80,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 57"
32887,3345,Rhus copallinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57"
32914,3347,Rhus glabra L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57"
33266,3355,Rhus typhina L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57"
34204,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,125,Lakota,108,r80,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Rose hips used for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 57"
34471,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten with dried fish flesh and fish oil.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 57"
34684,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 57"
34715,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,125,Lakota,108,r80,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 57"
34751,3462,Rubus odoratus L.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 57"
34885,3467,Rubus pubescens Raf.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 57"
37781,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 57"
39483,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten one at a time.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 57"
41304,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Young, fruiting heads boiled or roasted and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
43857,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,108,Keresan,90,w45,564,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 564"
33156,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,108,Keresan,90,w45,563,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 563"
30537,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,108,Keresan,90,w45,562,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 562"
18670,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,108,Keresan,90,w45,561,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 561"
18979,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,108,Keresan,90,w45,561,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten raw by hunters while out in the mountains, but better when cooked.","White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 561"
2981,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,125,Lakota,108,r80,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 56"
11336,1122,Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe,125,Lakota,108,r80,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 56"
11408,1126,Crataegus macrosperma Ashe,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 56"
14889,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,125,Lakota,108,r80,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 56"
14974,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 56"
24613,2653,Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh tunas used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 56"
24738,2666,Opuntia phaeacantha var. camanchica (Engelm. & Bigelow) L. Benson,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Mountain tunas used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 56"
30266,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,125,Lakota,108,r80,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 56"
30554,3175,Prunus pumila var. besseyi (Bailey) Gleason,125,Lakota,108,r80,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 56"
34344,3441,Rubus arcticus ssp. acaulis (Michx.) Focke,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 56"
34383,3445,Rubus chamaemorus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 56"
44677,4259,Ziziphus parryi Torr.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,56,1,Food,52,Fruit,Drupes eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 56"
30314,3163,Prunus armeniaca L.,108,Keresan,90,w45,558,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 558"
3119,211,Amelanchier laevis Wieg.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 55"
10056,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 55"
22049,2379,Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit eaten with oil.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
26714,2919,Physalis sp.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 55"
33651,3385,Ribes oxyacanthoides L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 55"
33883,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55"
34273,3436,Rosa woodsii var. woodsii,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
34336,3440,Rubus arcticus L.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55"
34361,3443,Rubus arizonensis Focke,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
34395,3445,Rubus chamaemorus L.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55"
34491,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55"
43776,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,2,Acoma,19,c35,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits eaten raw, boiled or baked.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 55"
43861,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,124,Laguna,19,c35,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits eaten raw, boiled or baked.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 55"
43935,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,207,Pueblo,19,c35,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits eaten raw, boiled or baked.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 55"
44061,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,2,Acoma,19,c35,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits eaten raw, boiled or baked.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 55"
44126,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,124,Laguna,19,c35,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits eaten raw, boiled or baked.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 55"
44172,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,207,Pueblo,19,c35,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits eaten raw, boiled or baked.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 55"
3093,208,Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 54"
29930,3151,Prosartes trachycarpa S. Wats.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 54"
30690,3178,Prunus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten as soon as they were picked.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30900,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 54"
33510,3369,Ribes glandulosum Grauer,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries eaten in considerable quantity.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 54"
43877,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,19,c35,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or cooked.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54"
43937,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,222,San Felipe,19,c35,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe fruits eaten without preparation.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54"
43986,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,291,Zuni,19,c35,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits pared and eaten raw or boiled and skinned.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54"
30771,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,53,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit and pits, sometimes with fish eggs, crushed, mixed with grease and eaten.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 53"
36624,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,289,Yurok,70,b81,53,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 53"
36919,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,289,Yurok,70,b81,53,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 53"
37858,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,53,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 53"
32927,3347,Rhus glabra L.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,524,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten by children.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 524"
33363,3360,Ribes aureum var. villosum DC.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,524,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 524"
43459,4182,Vitis sp.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,524,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruits used for food.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 524"
23492,2532,Morus rubra L.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,523,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 523"
24806,2670,Opuntia sp.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,523,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 523"
30310,3162,Prunus angustifolia Marsh.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,523,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruits used for food.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 523"
19148,2064,Juniperus virginiana L.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,522,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 522"
8769,823,Celtis laevigata Willd.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,521,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits beaten to a pulp, mixed with fat, rolled into balls and roasted over fire.","Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 521"
11436,1131,Crataegus sp.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,521,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 521"
12571,1310,Diospyros virginiana L.,48,Comanche,147,cj40,521,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 521"
12558,1309,Diospyros texana Scheele,48,Comanche,147,cj40,520,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of  Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 520"
3002,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
3167,216,Amelanchier utahensis Koehne,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
33433,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
34465,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"
34685,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"
34752,3462,Rubus odoratus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 52"
35114,3474,Rubus vitifolius Cham. & Schlecht.,105,Karok,70,b81,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 52"
35123,3474,Rubus vitifolius Cham. & Schlecht.,289,Yurok,70,b81,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 52"
36924,3570,Sambucus sp.,111,Kiowa,140,vs39,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 52"
44189,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 52"
23510,2533,Morus sp.,125,Lakota,108,r80,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 51"
33399,3362,Ribes californicum Hook. & Arn.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Singed berries eaten whole.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 51"
34607,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,105,Karok,70,b81,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 51"
34656,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,289,Yurok,70,b81,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 51"
34876,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,289,Yurok,70,b81,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 51"
35043,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,266,Tolowa,70,b81,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 51"
35045,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,289,Yurok,70,b81,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 51"
43393,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 51"
43826,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,95,Hopi,61,rhf16,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 51"
37752,3655,Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small,228,Seminole,88,s54,504,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit and trunk used for food.,"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 504"
18822,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries roasted, mixed with warm water, crushed and eaten.","Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 50"
21405,2313,Lycium andersonii Gray,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh and crushed or mixed with water.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 50"
23507,2533,Morus sp.,97,Hualapai,127,w82,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 50"
25579,2763,Passiflora incarnata L.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 50"
30227,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"
33357,3359,Ribes aureum Pursh,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 50"
33448,3365,Ribes cruentum Greene,105,Karok,70,b81,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruits used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 50"
33627,3378,Ribes lobbii Gray,266,Tolowa,70,b81,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruits used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 50"
33688,3391,Ribes roezlii Regel,105,Karok,70,b81,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 50"
33693,3391,Ribes roezlii Regel,289,Yurok,70,b81,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 50"
36857,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,10,Apache,19,c35,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh or cooked.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 50"
36899,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 50"
43365,4171,Vitis arizonica Engelm.,12,"Apache, Mescalero",52,b74,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 50"
43963,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits formerly eaten.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 50"
44674,4258,Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston,193,Pima,11,c49,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Ripe, black berries eaten raw.","Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 50"
21890,2372,Mahonia fremontii (Torr.) Fedde,97,Hualapai,127,w82,5,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 5"
26503,2894,Phoradendron californicum Nutt.,195,"Pima, Gila River",136,r91,5,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten cooked or raw.,"Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 5"
36755,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,195,"Pima, Gila River",136,r91,5,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 5"
36602,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,259,Thompson,33,steed28,490,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh in large quantities.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 490"
42083,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,490,1,Food,52,Fruit,Sweet berries eaten as a favorite food.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 490"
42211,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,490,1,Food,52,Fruit,Sweet berries eaten as a favorite food.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 490"
42355,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,490,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Bright red, acidic berries eaten in large quantities.","Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 490"
42394,4087,Vaccinium sp.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,490,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 490"
4516,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 49"
21900,2373,Mahonia haematocarpa (Woot.) Fedde,12,"Apache, Mescalero",52,b74,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 49"
30945,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten ripe.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49"
31943,3255,Quercus chrysolepis Liebm.,105,Karok,70,b81,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit buried from one to four years to kill the bugs and worms and used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 49"
32192,3270,Quercus kelloggii Newberry,105,Karok,70,b81,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit soaked in mud for a year and used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 49"
32236,3270,Quercus kelloggii Newberry,266,Tolowa,70,b81,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 49"
32241,3270,Quercus kelloggii Newberry,289,Yurok,70,b81,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 49"
33017,3349,Rhus microphylla Engelm. ex Gray,10,Apache,19,c35,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 49"
33235,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten whole or ground.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 49"
33421,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,2,Acoma,19,c35,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 49"
33431,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,124,Laguna,19,c35,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 49"
33539,3374,Ribes inerme Rydb.,10,Apache,19,c35,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 49"
33542,3374,Ribes inerme Rydb.,207,Pueblo,19,c35,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 49"
33607,3377,Ribes leptanthum Gray,101,Isleta,19,c35,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 49"
33609,3377,Ribes leptanthum Gray,102,Jemez,19,c35,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 49"
39158,3862,Symphyotrichum dumosum var. dumosum,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Small fruits eaten.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 49"
3044,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,259,Thompson,33,steed28,489,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh in large quantities.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 489"
33533,3371,Ribes hudsonianum Richards.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,489,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten sparingly by some.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 489"
33534,3371,Ribes hudsonianum Richards.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,489,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 489"
33670,3386,Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. irriguum (Dougl.) Sinnott,259,Thompson,33,steed28,489,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mainly eaten fresh.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 489"
34022,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,489,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits eaten, but not in large quantities.","Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 489"
37801,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,489,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Scarlet, sour fruits eaten fresh.","Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 489"
14953,1639,Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt,259,Thompson,33,steed28,488,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 488"
34023,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,488,1,Food,52,Fruit,Small fruits occasionally eaten.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 488"
38589,3764,Sorbus sitchensis var. sitchensis,259,Thompson,33,steed28,488,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten except by some of the Upper Thompsons.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 488"
14921,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,259,Thompson,33,steed28,487,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Large, wild berries eaten as a favorite food.","Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 487"
33719,3394,Ribes sanguineum Pursh,262,"Thompson, Upper (Lytton Band)",33,steed28,487,1,Food,52,Fruit,Grayish-black berries eaten.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 487"
34651,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,259,Thompson,33,steed28,487,1,Food,52,Fruit,Reddish-purple berries eaten.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 487"
35104,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,259,Thompson,33,steed28,487,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 487"
42395,4087,Vaccinium sp.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,487,1,Food,52,Fruit,Bluish-black berries eaten in large quantities.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 487"
4679,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,486,1,Food,52,Fruit,Drupes eaten fresh.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 486"
22136,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,259,Thompson,33,steed28,486,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten in large quantities.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 486"
22173,2382,Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link,259,Thompson,33,steed28,486,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten in large quantities.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 486"
35039,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,259,Thompson,33,steed28,486,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 486"
38978,3839,Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,486,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten in large quantities.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 486"
42138,4081,Vaccinium myrtillus var. oreophilum (Rydb.) Dorn,259,Thompson,33,steed28,486,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Small, black berries eaten.","Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 486"
12976,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,54,Cree,145,b41,485,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, page 485"
2965,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,80,Great Basin Indian,139,n66,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh or added to elk or deer meat to make pemmican.,"Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48"
8249,759,Carpobrotus chilensis (Molina) N.E. Br.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 48"
23488,2532,Morus rubra L.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 48"
30675,3178,Prunus sp.,12,"Apache, Mescalero",52,b74,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 48"
30972,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,289,Yurok,70,b81,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
31821,3247,Pyrus communis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 48"
33077,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,10,Apache,19,c35,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 48"
33191,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,19,c35,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 48"
33443,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 48"
6180,441,Asclepias sp.,111,Kiowa,140,vs39,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Young fruits, after first removing the outer 'hairy' surface, cooked and eaten.","Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 47"
6385,450,Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47"
18813,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,183,Paiute,98,m53,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries and roasted, mashed deer liver combination used for food.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 47"
21429,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,95,Hopi,61,rhf16,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47"
23099,2494,Mitchella repens L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47"
23471,2530,Morus microphylla Buckl.,12,"Apache, Mescalero",52,b74,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 47"
25580,2763,Passiflora incarnata L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47"
30521,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47"
31014,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries boiled and eaten.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47"
31015,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47"
31434,3213,Ptelea trifoliata ssp. trifoliata var. mollis Torr. & Gray,222,San Felipe,19,c35,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits commonly eaten by children.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 47"
36593,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,243,Skokomish,25,g73,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
42252,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries stewed and eaten with smoked fish.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47"
42253,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries stewed and eaten with smoked fish.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47"
42254,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47"
42255,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 47"
4490,345,Arctostaphylos sp.,97,Hualapai,127,w82,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 46"
6492,472,Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt.,125,Lakota,108,r80,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 46"
8778,822,Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46"
30262,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,101,Isleta,19,c35,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46"
30263,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,101,Isleta,19,c35,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46"
30497,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 46"
30974,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,2,Acoma,19,c35,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46"
30976,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46"
30982,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,43,Cochiti,19,c35,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46"
30998,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,124,Laguna,19,c35,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46"
31006,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,207,Pueblo,19,c35,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh or cooked.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46"
31008,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,222,San Felipe,19,c35,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46"
34265,3436,Rosa woodsii var. woodsii,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,46,1,Food,52,Fruit,Rose hips eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46"
6719,515,Atriplex semibaccata R. Br.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries gathered and eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 45"
12892,1362,Echinocereus sp.,12,"Apache, Mescalero",52,b74,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 45"
14399,1571,Escobaria vivipara var. vivipara,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 45"
18571,2056,Juniperus deppeana Steud.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 45"
23467,2529,Morus alba L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45"
24825,2670,Opuntia sp.,111,Kiowa,140,vs39,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe fruits gathered in large quantities and used fresh in jams.,"Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 45"
42279,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries stored in boxes or baskets until soft and brown and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
42280,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,133,Makah,25,g73,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries stored in boxes or baskets until soft and brown and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
42294,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries stored in boxes or baskets until soft and brown and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
43843,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,101,Isleta,76,j31,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit baked, seasoned and used for food.","Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 45"
44101,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,101,Isleta,76,j31,45,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit baked, seasoned and used for food.","Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 45"
4550,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
4656,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten with salmon eggs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
4658,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries occasionally eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
11406,1125,Crataegus erythropoda Ashe,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44"
14800,1626,Forestiera pubescens var. pubescens,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruits occasionally eaten as food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44"
14925,1638,Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruits occasionally eaten as food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44"
23469,2530,Morus microphylla Buckl.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44"
28683,3033,Podophyllum peltatum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
33606,3377,Ribes leptanthum Gray,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44"
33630,3381,Ribes mescalerium Coville,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit eaten without preparation.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44"
33777,3402,Ribes wolfii Rothrock,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit eaten without preparation.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44"
34359,3443,Rubus arizonensis Focke,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44"
37778,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,125,Lakota,108,r80,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 44"
42154,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42172,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,114,Klallam,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42179,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,133,Makah,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42198,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,209,Quileute,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42203,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,210,Quinault,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42241,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42321,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,114,Klallam,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42324,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,129,Lummi,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42326,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,133,Makah,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42340,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,209,Quileute,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42344,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,210,Quinault,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42348,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,241,Skagit,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42351,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42352,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
42353,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
43364,4171,Vitis arizonica Engelm.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44"
43371,4171,Vitis arizonica Engelm.,101,Isleta,76,j31,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit considered an important part of the diet.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 44"
8135,756,Carica papaya L.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,43,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 43"
10846,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,133,Makah,25,g73,43,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15678,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,43,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries dipped in whale oil and eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
19069,2063,Juniperus sp.,12,"Apache, Mescalero",52,b74,43,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries boiled, ground or mashed and used with other foods.","Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 43"
26712,2918,Physalis pubescens L.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,43,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or boiled.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 43"
37777,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,125,Lakota,156,k90,43,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 43"
43420,4175,Vitis girdiana Munson,65,Diegueno,85,hedges86,43,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man  Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 43"
33240,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,286,Yokut,109,m66,420,1,Food,52,Fruit,Sour berries gathered and used for food.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 420"
12916,1364,Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. triglochidiatus,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Tunas used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 42"
14735,1609,Ferocactus sp.,97,Hualapai,127,w82,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 42"
21459,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw or boiled with clay.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 42"
21471,2318,Lycium torreyi Gray,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw or boiled with clay.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 42"
21736,2353,Machaerocereus eruca (T. Brandeg.) Britt. & Rose,189,Papago and Pima,151,cb37,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 42"
22993,2474,Mimulus eastwoodiae Rydb.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 42"
22994,2474,Mimulus eastwoodiae Rydb.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries stewed and used for food.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 42"
23587,2562,Myrtillocactus cochal (Orcutt) Britt. & Rose,189,Papago and Pima,151,cb37,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 42"
25804,2795,Peniocereus striatus (Brandeg.) Buxbaum,189,Papago and Pima,151,cb37,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 42"
26519,2895,Phoradendron juniperinum Engelm. ex Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
30820,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30821,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries pulverized, shaped into round cakes, sun dried and used to make pemmican.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
32058,3263,Quercus gambelii Nutt.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42"
32154,3267,Quercus grisea Liebm.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 42"
33429,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,101,Isleta,76,j31,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 42"
36578,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Tart berries eaten fresh in small quantities, canned or cooked for pie filling.","Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 42"
43400,4173,Vitis cinerea (Engelm.) Millard,111,Kiowa,140,vs39,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Grapes gathered in large quantities and eaten raw.,"Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 42"
33335,3358,Ribes americanum P. Mill.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,410,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410"
33337,3358,Ribes americanum P. Mill.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,410,1,Food,52,Fruit,"In the winter, a favorite dish was wild currants cooked with sweet corn.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410"
33459,3367,Ribes cynosbati L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,410,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries relished when ripe.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410"
33656,3385,Ribes oxyacanthoides L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,410,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries gathered for fresh food.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410"
33657,3385,Ribes oxyacanthoides L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,410,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries often cooked with sweet corn.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410"
33763,3397,Ribes triste Pallas,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,410,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410"
33764,3397,Ribes triste Pallas,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,410,1,Food,52,Fruit,"In the winter, a favorite dish was wild currants cooked with sweet corn.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410"
34548,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,410,1,Food,52,Fruit,This was a favorite fresh fruit.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410"
8786,822,Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries ground and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
12877,1356,Echinocereus coccineus Engelm.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41"
12886,1358,Echinocereus engelmannii var. chrysocentrus (Engelm. & Bigelow) Rumpl.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41"
12887,1359,Echinocereus fendleri (Engelm.) F. Seitz,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41"
12890,1360,Echinocereus polyacanthus Engelm.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41"
12891,1361,Echinocereus rigidissimus (Engelm.) Haage f.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41"
22354,2403,Mammillaria grahamii Engelm.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41"
22355,2403,Mammillaria grahamii Engelm.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41"
22360,2405,Mammillaria mainiae K. Brandeg.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 41"
24235,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,266,Tolowa,70,b81,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food. This was called the 'wood that lies' because it was the first to bloom in the spring and the last to set fruit.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 41"
36682,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,65,Diegueno,85,hedges86,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man  Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 41"
11439,1131,Crataegus sp.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,409,1,Food,52,Fruit,Haw apples used as a food in the fall.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409"
15005,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,409,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used in season.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409"
30461,3171,Prunus nigra Ait.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,409,1,Food,52,Fruit,Large quantities of plums found in thickets and gathered for food.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409"
30506,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,409,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food. The pin cherry was abundant around the Flambeau Reservation and the Ojibwe were fond of it.  It was an education in itself to see a group of Ojibwe women working on mats with a supply of fruit laden branches beside them.  With one hand they would start a stream of berries into the mouth and the stream of cherry stones ejected from the other corner of the mouth seemed ceaseless.  The Pillager Ojibwe also had the tree and used it is the same manner.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409"
30549,3174,Prunus pumila L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,409,1,Food,52,Fruit,This species was plentiful on sandy openings in the forest and the fruit gathered for food.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409"
30835,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,409,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit of this cherry was liked, especially after the fruit had been frosted.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 409"
42290,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,401,1,Food,52,Fruit,This was an important wild food.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 401"
15617,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,400,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 400"
4354,335,Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastw.,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40"
4462,343,Arctostaphylos pungens Kunth,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 40"
8137,757,Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 40"
15106,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,133,Makah,25,g73,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh in the summer.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
18717,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,223,San Ildefonso,61,rhf16,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 40"
18737,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten by children and young people.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 40"
21737,2354,Machaerocereus gummosus (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,189,Papago and Pima,151,cb37,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 40"
26703,2916,Physalis longifolia Nutt.,207,Pueblo,19,c35,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh or boiled.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 40"
26704,2916,Physalis longifolia Nutt.,222,San Felipe,19,c35,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh or boiled.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 40"
30261,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,101,Isleta,76,j31,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten for food.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 40"
38864,3823,Stenocereus thurberi (Engelm.) Buxbaum,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 40"
44211,4234,Yucca schidigera Roezl ex Ortgies,97,Hualapai,127,w82,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 40"
24816,2670,Opuntia sp.,97,Hualapai,127,w82,4,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 4"
43109,4132,Viburnum lentago L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,398,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh from the bush.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 398"
8793,822,Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 39"
15668,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,176,Okanagon,55,p52,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"
15700,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,259,Thompson,55,p52,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"
15725,1707,Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 39"
21197,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits occasionally used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"
21216,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,259,Thompson,55,p52,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits occasionally used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"
21401,2313,Lycium andersonii Gray,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 39"
24755,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 39"
26501,2894,Phoradendron californicum Nutt.,193,Pima,19,c35,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries boiled and eaten.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 39"
26668,2914,Physalis heterophylla Nees,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe fruits eaten in fall.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 39"
26726,2920,Physalis subulata var. neomexicana (Rydb.) Waterfall ex Kartesz & Gandhi,207,Pueblo,19,c35,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh or boiled.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 39"
33162,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,111,Kiowa,140,vs39,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with corn meal and eaten.,"Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 39"
33163,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,111,Kiowa,140,vs39,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with corn meal and eaten.,"Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 39"
33251,3354,Rhus trilobata var. trilobata,111,Kiowa,140,vs39,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with corn meal and eaten.,"Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 39"
33252,3354,Rhus trilobata var. trilobata,111,Kiowa,140,vs39,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with corn meal and eaten.,"Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 39"
34149,3432,Rosa sp.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh or roasted.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 39"
35062,3472,Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht.,65,Diegueno,85,hedges86,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man  Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 39"
36826,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"
36839,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,259,Thompson,55,p52,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"
37870,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh by children.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"
37924,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,55,p52,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh by children.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39"
43836,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,97,Hualapai,127,w82,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 39"
36517,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,1,Food,52,Fruit,Mashed berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
4341,333,Arctostaphylos canescens Eastw.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Dried berries pounded, mixed with salmon eggs, cooked in a basket with a hot rock and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4391,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Dried berries pounded, mixed with salmon eggs, cooked in a basket with a hot rock and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4425,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Dried berries pounded, mixed with salmon eggs, cooked in a basket with a hot rock and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
36544,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,388,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries formerly eaten raw.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 388"
42319,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
15634,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
38320,3724,Solanum nigrum L.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,387,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fully ripe berries used for food.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 387"
43379,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
2971,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
16997,1861,Heteromeles arbutifolia var. arbutifolia,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries put on a basket plate in front of the fire, turned until wilted and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
25592,2765,Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf.,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
14942,1639,Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
30896,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
33449,3366,Ribes cruentum var. cruentum,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
33481,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
34606,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
34804,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
35113,3474,Rubus vitifolius Cham. & Schlecht.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
37775,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,381,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 381"
34600,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,79,Gosiute,38,c11,380,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380"
34790,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,380,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380"
36786,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,380,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used in season for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380"
3075,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3083,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,241,Skagit,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3085,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
3088,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3125,212,Amelanchier pallida Greene,24,Cahuilla,31,bs72,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 38"
4633,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Insipid fruits eaten fresh.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
4681,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Insipid fruits eaten fresh.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
5865,413,Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit cooked and eaten.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 38"
11367,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
11384,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
11397,1124,Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
11400,1124,Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
12569,1310,Diospyros virginiana L.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 38"
13066,1393,Empetrum nigrum L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten in the fall.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 38"
14881,1635,Fragaria sp.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
14964,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 38"
15586,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 38"
15691,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
21860,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or mashed.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
21925,2374,Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or mashed.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
22123,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Bright-colored berries used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
22126,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
22137,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Bright-colored berries used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
22157,2382,Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Bright-colored berries used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
22174,2382,Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Bright-colored berries used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
22204,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22207,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits cooked, stored in baskets until soft and used for food.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22251,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,133,Makah,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22271,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,209,Quileute,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22277,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,210,Quinault,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22284,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,221,Samish,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22285,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit ripened in storage and then eaten.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
22288,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
24229,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
24797,2670,Opuntia sp.,12,"Apache, Mescalero",52,b74,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Tunas eaten fresh.,"Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 38"
30800,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,125,Lakota,156,k90,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
33411,3363,Ribes cereum Dougl.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Insipid, bright orange-red fruits used for food.","Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
33419,3363,Ribes cereum Dougl.,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Insipid, bright orange-red fruits used for food.","Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
33497,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh and never stored.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
33576,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
33602,3376,Ribes laxiflorum Pursh,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
33714,3394,Ribes sanguineum Pursh,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
34645,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
34861,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
35003,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Yellow fruits used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
35031,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
35040,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Yellow fruits used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
35103,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
38588,3764,Sorbus sitchensis var. sitchensis,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits occasionally used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
38590,3764,Sorbus sitchensis var. sitchensis,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits occasionally used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
38969,3839,Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Bright-colored berries used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
38979,3839,Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC.,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Bright-colored berries used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
42078,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
42350,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38"
43167,4135,Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits occasionally used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
43168,4135,Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait.,259,Thompson,55,p52,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits occasionally used for food.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38"
32937,3347,Rhus glabra L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,379,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379"
33107,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,379,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379"
33344,3359,Ribes aureum Pursh,79,Gosiute,38,c11,379,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379"
33478,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,379,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379"
33556,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,379,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379"
33653,3385,Ribes oxyacanthoides L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,379,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379"
33771,3399,Ribes velutinum Greene,79,Gosiute,38,c11,379,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379"
33985,3422,Rosa californica Cham. & Schlecht.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,379,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379"
34268,3436,Rosa woodsii var. woodsii,79,Gosiute,38,c11,379,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 379"
30889,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,378,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 378"
42231,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,200,Pomo,89,c02,377,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 377"
4398,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,375,1,Food,52,Fruit,Green fruits eaten in small quantities to quench thirst.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 375"
4399,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,375,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe fruits eaten raw or cooked.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 375"
16999,1861,Heteromeles arbutifolia var. arbutifolia,160,Neeshenam,81,p74,375,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Bright, red berries used for food.","Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 375"
4213,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,200,Pomo,89,c02,374,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 374"
4235,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,273,Wailaki,89,c02,374,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 374"
18850,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,79,Gosiute,38,c11,372,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten in the fall and winter after proper boiling.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 372"
43824,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,95,Hopi,82,c74,371,1,Food,52,Fruit,Baked fruits used for food.,"Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 371"
14886,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,370,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food in season.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 370"
11149,1104,Cornus suecica L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",152,aa80,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fresh, ripe berries used for food.","Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37"
12881,1356,Echinocereus coccineus Engelm.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37"
13092,1394,Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) B”cher,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",152,aa80,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten alone.,"Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37"
14890,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,125,Lakota,156,k90,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 37"
14891,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,125,Lakota,156,k90,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten with other foods.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 37"
18936,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,11,"Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero",95,co36,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with mescal and eaten.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 37"
24211,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24218,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,129,Lummi,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24224,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,210,Quinault,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24226,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,221,Samish,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24228,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,241,Skagit,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24230,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,245,Snohomish,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24231,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,251,Squaxin,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24232,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,253,Swinomish,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24716,2664,Opuntia macrorhiza var. macrorhiza,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 37"
26667,2914,Physalis heterophylla Nees,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
30267,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,125,Lakota,156,k90,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 37"
36592,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 37"
36912,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,242,"Skagit, Upper",131,t89,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 37"
42259,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",152,aa80,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten occasionally, but not considered an important food source.","Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37"
42404,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",152,aa80,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37"
42471,4090,Vaccinium vitis-idaea ssp. minus (Lodd.) Hult‚n,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",152,aa80,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten occasionally, but not considered an important food source.","Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37"
43077,4130,Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with fat and used for food.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 37"
43349,4169,Vitis aestivalis Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
43435,4176,Vitis labrusca L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
43476,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 37"
1613,73,Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,366,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits roasted and eaten cold without salt.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 366"
24672,2661,Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf.,61,Dakota,91,g13i,366,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or stewed.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 366"
30248,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,61,Dakota,91,g13i,364,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 364"
30552,3175,Prunus pumila var. besseyi (Bailey) Gleason,61,Dakota,91,g13i,364,1,Food,52,Fruit,Pitted fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 364"
30983,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,61,Dakota,91,g13i,364,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 364"
2962,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,79,Gosiute,38,c11,361,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used in season.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 361"
2980,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,125,Lakota,156,k90,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 36"
14839,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,133,Makah,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh immediately after picking.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14848,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,209,Quileute,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten after fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14863,1635,Fragaria sp.,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14877,1635,Fragaria sp.,165,Nisqually,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14879,1635,Fragaria sp.,208,Puyallup,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14883,1635,Fragaria sp.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14929,1638,Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14936,1638,Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt,253,Swinomish,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
15037,1631,Fragaria ?ananassa var. cuneifolia (Nutt. ex T.J. Howell) Staudt (pro nm.),31,Chehalis,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
15038,1631,Fragaria ?ananassa var. cuneifolia (Nutt. ex T.J. Howell) Staudt (pro nm.),114,Klallam,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
15041,1631,Fragaria ?ananassa var. cuneifolia (Nutt. ex T.J. Howell) Staudt (pro nm.),251,Squaxin,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
24881,2674,Opuntia whipplei Engelm. & Bigelow,291,Zuni,19,c35,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Spineless fruits eaten raw or stewed.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 36"
25562,2759,Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr) A.S. Hitchc.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 36"
26420,2876,Philadelphus microphyllus Gray,101,Isleta,76,j31,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit formerly eaten as food.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 36"
26722,2919,Physalis sp.,101,Isleta,76,j31,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries eaten for food.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 36"
33255,3354,Rhus trilobata var. trilobata,272,Ute,142,c09,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36"
33361,3359,Ribes aureum Pursh,272,Ute,142,c09,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36"
33368,3360,Ribes aureum var. villosum DC.,125,Lakota,156,k90,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 36"
34281,3436,Rosa woodsii var. woodsii,272,Ute,142,c09,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36"
34331,3440,Rubus arcticus L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",152,aa80,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries sometimes used for food, but not considered a significant food source.","Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 36"
37803,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,272,Ute,142,c09,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries formerly used for food.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36"
42207,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 36"
42430,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 36"
42458,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 36"
30699,3179,Prunus subcordata Benth.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,356,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 356"
30950,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,214,Round Valley Indian,89,c02,356,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 356"
2986,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,355,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Black, glaucous berries eaten fresh.","Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 355"
16993,1860,Heteromeles arbutifolia (Lindl.) M. Roemer,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,355,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits boiled or roasted and used for food.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 355"
16994,1860,Heteromeles arbutifolia (Lindl.) M. Roemer,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,355,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 355"
34619,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,355,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 355"
35120,3474,Rubus vitifolius Cham. & Schlecht.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,355,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Black, juicy berries eaten fresh.","Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 355"
14944,1639,Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,354,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh by children.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 354"
34877,3464,Rubus parviflorus var. velutinus (Hook. & Arn.) Greene,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,354,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 354"
33398,3362,Ribes californicum Hook. & Arn.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,353,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten directly from the bushes by children.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 353"
33485,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,353,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Black, juicy berries used for food.","Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 353"
4447,340,Arctostaphylos patula Greene,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 35"
8640,809,Ceanothus fendleri Gray,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries sweetened with sugar and used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
8802,824,Celtis occidentalis L.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used extensively for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
18420,2053,Juniperus californica Carr.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries boiled fresh and eaten cold.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 35"
21953,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 35"
24020,2590,Nolina microcarpa S. Wats.,101,Isleta,76,j31,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
24609,2653,Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck,2,Acoma,19,c35,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe tunas eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35"
24617,2653,Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck,124,Laguna,19,c35,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe tunas eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35"
24629,2653,Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck,222,San Felipe,19,c35,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe tunas eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 35"
24818,2670,Opuntia sp.,101,Isleta,76,j31,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
33220,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruit eaten raw, with sugar, sometimes ground and used with other foods, especially roasted corn.","Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 35"
33327,3358,Ribes americanum P. Mill.,125,Lakota,156,k90,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
33633,3382,Ribes missouriense Nutt.,125,Lakota,156,k90,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
34599,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34601,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,81,Green River Group,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34609,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,114,Klallam,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34622,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,165,Nisqually,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34636,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,208,Puyallup,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34954,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,31,Chehalis,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34956,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34959,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34961,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,81,Green River Group,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34987,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34992,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35015,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35027,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35033,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,251,Squaxin,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35035,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,253,Swinomish,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35084,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35094,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,209,Quileute,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35100,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,241,Skagit,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34408,3447,Rubus discolor Weihe & Nees,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,348,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 348"
34658,3458,Rubus leucodermis var. leucodermis,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,348,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 348"
34978,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,347,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 347"
34873,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,267,Tsimshian,14,c93,346,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 346"
34881,3465,Rubus pedatus Sm.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,346,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 346"
34538,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,345,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 345"
3148,214,Amelanchier sp.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
4657,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
10985,1101,Cornus sericea ssp. occidentalis (Torr. & Gray) Fosberg,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
11442,1131,Crataegus sp.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
14951,1639,Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
22033,2377,Mahonia sp.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
24213,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 343"
30963,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
33745,3396,Ribes sp.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
34191,3432,Rosa sp.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
34646,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
34946,3469,Rubus sp.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
36927,3570,Sambucus sp.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
37892,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
42079,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,250,Spokan,144,teit28,343,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 343"
14838,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,342,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 342"
14888,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,342,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 342"
14994,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,342,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 342"
2974,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,341,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 341"
16704,1835,Helianthus tuberosus L.,177,Omaha,124,ff11,341,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Fletcher, Alice C. and Francis La Flesche, 1911, The Omaha Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #27, page 341"
11352,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruits cooked and used for food.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 34"
14978,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits formerly used for food.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 34"
21435,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,101,Isleta,76,j31,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fresh, summer berries eaten for food.","Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 34"
34785,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34788,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34841,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,209,Quileute,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34846,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34853,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,221,Samish,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34859,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,241,Skagit,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34863,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34865,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with blackberries and eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34866,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
33381,3361,Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,338,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 338"
42320,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,337,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 337"
4693,348,Arctostaphylos viscida Parry,140,Mewuk,109,m66,336,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 336"
4702,349,Arctostaphylos viscida ssp. mariposa (Dudley) P.V. Wells,140,Mewuk,109,m66,336,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 336"
42278,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,336,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 336"
42004,4072,Vaccinium caespitosum var. caespitosum,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,335,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 335"
42009,4073,Vaccinium caespitosum var. paludicola (Camp) Hult‚n,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,335,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 335"
42058,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,335,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 335"
42170,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,335,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 335"
42423,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,335,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 335"
42169,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,334,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 334"
15635,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,333,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 333"
13091,1393,Empetrum nigrum L.,267,Tsimshian,14,c93,332,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 332"
11154,1105,Cornus unalaschkensis Ledeb.,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,331,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 331"
18627,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,95,Hopi,82,c74,330,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten with piki or cooked with stew.,"Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 330"
18738,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,257,Tewa,82,c74,330,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten with piki.,"Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 330"
18574,2056,Juniperus deppeana Steud.,101,Isleta,76,j31,33,1,Food,52,Fruit,Large fruit boiled and eaten as food.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 33"
21436,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,102,Jemez,19,c35,33,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe or cooked berries used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 33"
36494,3564,Sambucus nigra L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,33,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"
36656,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,33,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"
44138,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or baked in ashes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
11340,1122,Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten by children fresh from the hand.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"
11410,1127,Crataegus mollis Scheele,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten by children fresh from the hand.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"
15015,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"
23502,2532,Morus rubra L.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"
30284,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh in season.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"
30557,3175,Prunus pumila var. besseyi (Bailey) Gleason,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"
30850,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh. The dried cakes were used in winter with dried corn or cooked alone with sugar.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"
33639,3382,Ribes missouriense Nutt.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"
34730,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"
37791,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,326,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 326"