id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
4798,366,Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott,138,Menominee,51,s23,79,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Root used in sacred bundles and gave the power of supernatural dreams to the owner.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 79"
7258,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,414,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,"No birch was gathered by the Ojibwe without due offering of tobacco to Winabojo & Grandmother Earth. Families made a pilgrimage to birch groves during the latter part of June and in July to gather their supply of birch bark, because it peels most easily at that time.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414"
7259,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,414,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,"Paper birch and cedar form the two most sacred trees of the Ojibwe, both of which were very useful.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414"
7260,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,414,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,The Ojibwe regard the bark as a distinct 'contribution from Winabojo.',"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 414"
7450,609,Bouteloua hirsuta Lag.,157,Navajo,74,e44,25,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Used to make sacred charcoal for certain ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25"
8105,752,Carex sp.,102,Jemez,28,c30,21,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Plant considered sacred and used in the kiva.,"Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 21"
9126,860,Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,65,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Wood used to carve totem pole models and talking sticks.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65"
13246,1410,Epigaea repens L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,118,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Tribal flower of Forest Potawatomi and considered these flowers came directly from their divinity.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 118"
17258,1896,Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv.,138,Menominee,51,s23,75,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Grass used to burn as an oblation to the deities.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 75"
20550,2214,Lithospermum canescens (Michx.) Lehm.,138,Menominee,51,s23,80,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,"White, ripened seed used as a sacred bead in the Midewewin ceremony.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 80"
20736,2232,Lomatium californicum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,199,Poliklah,109,m66,173,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Plant considered the most sacred plant of the tribe.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 173"
21451,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,72,f96,19,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Plant considered to be a sacred plant.,"Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 19"
23160,2495,Mitella diphylla L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,81,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,"Seed used as the sacred bead and swallowed in the medicine dance, during the reinstatement ceremony.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 81"
23984,2587,Nicotiana tabacum L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,75,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,"Sacred plant depicted with beans, corn & squash in the first sacred painting of the Mountain Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 75"
27221,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,269,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Branch tips used as sacred items.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 269"
29419,3100,Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenwalder,177,Omaha,17,g19,72,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Plant used to make the sacred pole.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 72"
30922,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Tree sacred to the Navajo.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
33207,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Used to make sacred baskets to hold sacred meal for rites.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
36894,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,100,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Pithy branches hollowed out and used to make ceremonial and sacred wolf whistles.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 100"
38855,3819,Staphylea trifolia L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,274,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Seeds considered sacred and used in the rattles of the medicine dance.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 274"
39916,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,421,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,This tree and the white cedar were worshipped as the two most useful trees in the forest.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 421"
41663,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,90,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Plant very sacred to the Kashaya Pomo because of it's ceremonial uses.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 90"
44473,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,"Cornmeal, considered less sacred than corn pollen, used in innumerable ceremonies.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44474,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Sacred pollen used in innumerable ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"