id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
23185,2503,Monarda didyma L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Used for hysterics and restful sleep.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
23207,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,39,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Used for hysterics and restful sleep.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
23333,2509,Monarda sp.,59,Creek,115,t40,54,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Decoction of plant used for delirium.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 54"
23642,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion used for hysterics.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
23650,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,64,"Delaware, Ontario",22,t42,67,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of leaves given to soothe infants.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 67"
23670,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,423,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Decoction of plant tips given to children when peevish.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 423"
23675,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Decoction of whole plant, except root, taken to produce restful sleep.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
23900,2584,Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,43,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant used as a soporific.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43"
24174,2600,Nymphaea sp.,228,Seminole,88,s54,237,2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Plant used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237"
24178,2601,Nymphoides cordata (Ell.) Fern.,228,Seminole,88,s54,237,2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Plant used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237"
25215,2713,Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,56,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion taken for nerves.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56"
25407,2733,Panax quinquefolius L.,228,Seminole,88,s54,221,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant and other plants used as a baby's charm for fear from dreams about raccoons or opossums.,"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 221"
25483,2744,Papaver somniferum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,"50, 51",2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Large dose used for pain, to produce sleep and soothe and tranquilize the system.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50, 51"
26151,2837,Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng.,228,Seminole,88,s54,236,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of leaves taken and used as a steam for turkey sickness: dizziness or 'craziness.',"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 236"
26152,2837,Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng.,228,Seminole,88,s54,221,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Leaves with other plants used as a baby's charm for fear from dreams about raccoons or opossums.,"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 221"
27739,2962,Pinus glabra Walt.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,49,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Given for hysterics.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49"
28051,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,259,Thompson,10,tta90,104,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Gum used on babies' skin like baby oil causing them to sleep all the time.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104"
28287,2979,Pinus virginiana P. Mill.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,49,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Given for hysterics.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49"
28309,2980,Piper methysticum G. Forst.,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,17,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Decoction of plant and other plants taken for sleeplessness.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 17"
28654,3025,Pluchea sericea (Nutt.) Coville,193,Pima,11,c49,105,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Poultice of roots applied to soothe nervous child that cried while sleeping.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 105"
28824,3048,Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,126,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant used to insure sound sleep.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 126"
30209,3159,Prunella vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,424,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Compound infusion of plants given to babies that cry too much.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 424"
30815,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,242,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of root bark used as a sedative and for stomach trouble.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 242"
30910,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,356,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Inner bark used for nervous excitability.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 356"
31089,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,3,Alabama,128,swan28,663664,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Compound decoction of plant used many ways for nervousness or sleeplessness.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 663664"
31090,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,3,Alabama,115,t40,61,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Decoction of plant used as a face wash for nerves and insomnia.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 61"
31115,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,59,Creek,128,swan28,661,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Decoction of plant tops taken and used as a wash for old people unable to sleep.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 661"
31767,3238,Pyrola asarifolia Michx.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Decoction of plant used as a steam bath for 'goofy' child in the Brush Dance.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
32607,3249,Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.)  [gambelii ? turbinella],158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,18,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant used for nervousness.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 18"
32629,3299,Ranunculus abortivus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,31,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Juice used as sedative.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31"
32650,3300,Ranunculus acris L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,31,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Juice used as sedative.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31"
32707,3315,Ranunculus recurvatus Poir.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,31,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Juice used as sedative.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31"
32754,3323,Ratibida tagetes (James) Barnh.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,65,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of plant used for epileptic fits.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 65"
32774,3325,Rhamnus alnifolia L'H‚r.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,381,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion given and used as a wash for peevish children.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 381"
33529,3371,Ribes hudsonianum Richards.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,509,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Sprigs placed in baby's carrier to quiet child.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 509"
33696,3392,Ribes rotundifolium Michx.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,36,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of leaf taken for nerves.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36"
35531,3501,Ruta graveolens L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,53,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Added to whiskey and taken for hysterics.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"
35703,3522,Salix candida Fluegg‚ ex Willd.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,243,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant used for trembling.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243"
35781,3525,Salix discolor Muhl.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,243,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant used for trembling.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243"
36044,3546,Salix pyrifolia Anderss.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,243,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant used for trembling.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243"
36454,3560,Salvia lyrata L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,53,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion taken for nervous debility.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"
36476,3562,Salvia officinalis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,53,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion taken for nervous debility.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53"
36733,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,61,2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Berries, bark and flower used as a soporific and purgative.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 61"
37268,3589,Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,26,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of root taken as a nerve medicine.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 26"
37545,3614,Scirpus sp.,96,Houma,49,speck41,60,2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Decoction of plant given to nervous, fretful, crying children.","Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60"
37635,3636,Sedum spathulifolium Hook.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,41,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of whole plant used as a wash for babies with extreme nervousness.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
37643,3636,Sedum spathulifolium Hook.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,462,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Decoction of whole plant used as a wash to soothe cross babies.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462"
37644,3636,Sedum spathulifolium Hook.,259,Thompson,55,p52,41,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of whole plant used as a wash for babies with extreme nervousness.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
37699,3649,Senecio triangularis Hook.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,190,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of pulverized leaves or roots taken as a sedative.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 190"
37914,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,209,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Berry whip said to make one sleepy.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209"
37915,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,209,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of fruits and leaves considered a good sedative.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 209"
37943,3662,Shinnersoseris rostrata (Gray) S. Tomb,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant smoked as a sedative.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
38162,3704,Smallanthus uvedalius (L.) Mackenzie ex Small,100,Iroquois,7,h77,467,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Dried root smoke used as rub to sleep without being disturbed by ghosts.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 467"
38324,3724,Solanum nigrum L.,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,34,2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Weak infusion of dried leaves, poisonous, taken for sleeplessness.","Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 34"
38394,3734,Solidago canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,461,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Compound infusion of tubers given to babies that start suddenly during sleep.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 461"
38410,3734,Solidago canadensis L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,184,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Decoction of plant used as a bath for babies with sleeplessness or excessive crying.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 184"
38450,3740,Solidago odora Ait.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,36,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion taken for 'nerves' and infusion of root held in mouth for neuralgia.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36"
38496,3753,Sonchus arvensis L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,59,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion taken to calm nerves.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59"
38500,3754,Sonchus asper (L.) Hill,100,Iroquois,7,h77,478,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Compound infusion given to babies 'who cry until they hold their breath.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 478"
38853,3819,Staphylea trifolia L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,377,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of bark used as a wash to keep children from crying.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 377"
38861,3821,Stenandrium dulce (Cav.) Nees,228,Seminole,88,s54,221,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant and other plants used as a baby's charm for fear from dreams about raccoons or opossums.,"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 221"
39338,3894,Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,31,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion of herb used to 'calm nerves.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 31"
39803,3939,Thelypodium wrightii ssp. wrightii,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,25,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant tied to cradle bow to make baby sleep.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 25"
40471,3973,Toxicodendron pubescens P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,373,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Given to nervous boys and girls.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 373"
40775,4029,Tripterocalyx carnea var. wootonii (Standl.) L.A. Gal.,95,Hopi,37,w39,"36, 75",2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant placed on child's head to induce sleep.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 36, 75"
42568,4097,Valeriana uliginosa (Torr. & Gray) Rydb.,138,Menominee,51,s23,57,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant used as a 'feeble sedative to the nervous system.',"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 57"
42675,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,86,Haisla,14,c93,201,2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Decoction of cleaned, sliced, dried and boiled roots used as a sedative.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 201"
43693,4213,Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion taken for nerves.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
44055,4229,Yucca filamentosa L.,32,Cherokee,105,w47,75,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Used as a soporific.,"Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 75"
44341,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,138,Menominee,176,d32,128,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Compound infusion taken and rubbed on body to quiet person near convulsions.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128"