id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
1,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,197,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and used for infected eyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
2,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,197,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of bark taken for stomach ailments.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
3,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,197,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and taken for sore throat.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
4,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,197,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
5,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Bark and other plants used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
6,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark and other plants used for 'sickness.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
10,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,88,Hanaksiala,14,c93,173,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of bark taken for stomach ulcers.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173"
11,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,88,Hanaksiala,14,c93,173,2,Drug,74,Hemorrhoid Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for hemorrhoids.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173"
13,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,316,2,Drug,,,Decoction of bark used medicinally.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316"
15,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,71,2,Drug,110,Internal Medicine,"Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries.","Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
16,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,71,2,Drug,137,Preventive Medicine,Boughs placed in fire and smoke inhaled to prevent sickness.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
20,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,68,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Pitch boiled with grease or pitch and sugar and taken for colds.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 68"
21,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Pitch taken for colds. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
22,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,20,Panacea,"Pitch taken for any type of bad disease. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
23,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of boughs and/or bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
24,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,"Pitch taken for tuberculosis. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
25,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Poultice of pitch and buttercup roots used for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
26,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,,,Decoction of branches taken as medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
28,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,164,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gum used for 'slight' itches.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164"
29,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,164,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gum used to make various ointments.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164"
30,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,155,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Used as an antiseptic.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
31,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,155,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Leaves made into pillows and used as a panacea.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
32,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,163,2,Drug,,,Needles and wood stuffed into pillows and used for good health.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163"
33,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,164,2,Drug,,,Needles stuffed into pillows and used for good health.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164"
34,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,124,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of gum applied to open sores, insect bites, boils and infections.","Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
35,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,124,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
36,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,124,2,Drug,104,Heart Medicine,Roots used for heart disease.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
37,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,124,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Needles used to make a laxative tea.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
38,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,124,2,Drug,138,Poultice,Needles used for making poultices.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
39,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,124,2,Drug,,,Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
40,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,8,"Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule",113,ray45,118,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Sap chewed for colds.,"Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118"
42,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,9,Anticosti,150,r46,64,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Decoction of bark and bark from another plant taken for kidney troubles.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64"
43,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,9,Anticosti,150,r46,64,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Gum eaten for kidney pains.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64"
44,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,9,Anticosti,150,r46,64,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of sap used for sore throats.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64"
45,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,338,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Gum melted on warm stone and fumes inhaled for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338"
46,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,362,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of root used as herbal steam for rheumatic joints.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362"
47,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,350,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gum of plant with bear grease used as an ointment for the hair.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 350"
48,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,362,2,Drug,78,Herbal Steam,Decoction of root sprinkled on hot stones and used as herbal steam for rheumatism.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362"
49,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,338,2,Drug,78,Herbal Steam,Gum of plant melted on warm stone as herbal steam for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338"
50,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,21,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Pitch used for menstrual irregularity.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
51,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,21,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of bark and sometimes wood taken for colds.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
52,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,21,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of bark and sometimes wood taken for coughs.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
53,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,21,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pitch and grease used as an ointment for scabies and boils.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
54,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,21,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pitch applied to cuts.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
55,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,21,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of pitch and sturgeon oil used for tuberculosis.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
56,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,21,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
59,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Steam from decoction of branches used as a bath for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
60,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
61,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,37,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Poultice of gum and dried beaver kidneys applied for cancer.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 37"
62,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Compound decoction taken for colds.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
63,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,37,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of gum and hot milk taken as an antiseptic for colds.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 37"
64,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction taken straight or diluted with alcohol for coughs.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
65,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Compound decoction applied to cuts, bruises, sprains or sores.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
66,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Steam from decoction of branches used as a bath for parturition.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
67,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,269,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,"Decoction used as wash and poultice applied to cuts, bruises, sprains and sores.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
68,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,270,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Compound decoction taken during early stages of consumption.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 270"
69,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,270,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Used for bed wetting.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 270"
70,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,270,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Used for gonorrhea.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 270"
71,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,244,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Juice used as a laxative.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 244"
72,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,134,Malecite,78,sd52,6,2,Drug,,,Pitch used in medicines.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
73,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,257,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of bark used for gonorrhea.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257"
74,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,257,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,"Infusion of bark, spruce bark and tamarack bark used for gonorrhea.","Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257"
78,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,138,Menominee,51,s23,45,2,Drug,149,Adjuvant,Inner bark used as a seasoner for medicines.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
79,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,138,Menominee,51,s23,45,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of inner bark taken for chest pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
80,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,138,Menominee,51,s23,45,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Liquid balsam pressed from trunk used for colds.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
81,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gum from plant blisters applied to sores.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
82,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,138,Menominee,51,s23,45,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Liquid balsam pressed from trunk used for pulmonary troubles.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
83,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,138,Menominee,51,s23,45,2,Drug,,,Poultice of fresh inner bark used for unspecified illnesses.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
84,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,"Buds, cones and inner bark used for diarrhea.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
85,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Gum used for burns.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
86,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Gum used for colds.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
87,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Gum used for bruises, sores and wounds.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
88,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Cones used for colic.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
89,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Buds used as a laxative.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
90,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Gum used for fractures.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
91,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Bark used for gonorrhea and buds used as a laxative.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
95,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,150,Montagnais,103,s17,313,2,Drug,202,Dietary Aid,Inner bark grated and eaten to benefit the diet.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 313"
96,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,378,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Needle-like leaves used as part of the ceremony involving the sweatbath.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
97,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,378,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Balsam gum used for colds and leaf smoke inhaled for colds.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
98,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,244,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Plant used as a cough medicine.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 244"
99,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,378,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Balsam gum used for sores and compound containing leaves used as a wash.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
100,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,378,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Needle-like leaves used as part of the medicine for the sweatbath.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
101,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,378,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Liquid balsam from bark blister used for sore eyes.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
102,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,378,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Leaves used as a reviver and used in compound as a wash.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
104,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Bark gum taken for chest soreness from colds.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
105,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark gum applied to cuts and sores.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
106,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of bark used to induce sweating.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
107,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Bark gum taken for gonorrhea.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
108,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,192,Penobscot,103,s17,309,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,"Sap smeared over burns, sores and cuts.","Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 309"
109,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,192,Penobscot,103,s17,309,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Sap used as a salve for burns, sores and cuts.","Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 309"
110,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,"68, 69",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Fresh balsam gum swallowed for colds.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 68, 69"
111,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,121,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Needles used to make pillows, believing that the aroma kept one from having a cold.","Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121"
112,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,"68, 69",2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Balsam gum used as a salve for sores.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 68, 69"
113,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,"68, 69",2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for 'consumption and other internal affections.',"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 68, 69"
115,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,24,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Infusion of foliage used as a bath for rheumatism.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24"
116,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,24,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of foliage taken for rheumatism.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24"
121,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,30,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of fresh pitch applied to cuts.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30"
122,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,30,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of needles and bark resin taken for pulmonary troubles.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30"
123,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,30,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Soft bark resin eaten or infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30"
124,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,30,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Compound decoction of resin taken for venereal disease.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30"
125,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,30,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Simple or compound poultice of warm pitch applied to sores or boils.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30"
126,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,30,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of needles and bark resin taken for pulmonary troubles.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30"
127,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,38,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Resinous sap from main stem and larger branches used for cuts.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 38"
129,3,Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.,276,Washo,12,tha41,30,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Soft bark resin eaten or infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30"
130,4,Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Used for wounds and ulcers.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
131,4,Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Taken 'to loosen bowels and cleanse and heal internal ulcers.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
132,4,Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,"Used for 'falling of the womb,' the 'whites' and weak backs in females.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
133,4,Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,"Burst blister, take ooze alone or with turpentine for 'kidney trouble.'","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
134,4,Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Taken 'to loosen bowels and cleanse and heal internal ulcers.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
135,4,Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,"'Balsam for breast and lung complaints with pain, soreness or cough.'","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
136,4,Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Used for urinary diseases.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
137,4,Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,34,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Used for venereal diseases.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 34"
138,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,50,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Compound of gum drawn on a hair across sore eyes.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50"
139,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,197,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and used for infected eyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
140,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,50,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of root bark or stem taken every day for stomach trouble.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50"
141,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,197,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of bark taken for stomach ailments.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
142,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,50,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Compound of gum from bark blisters warmed and taken for sore throat.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50"
143,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,197,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and taken for sore throat.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
144,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,50,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of root bark or stem taken every day for tuberculosis.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50"
145,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,197,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
146,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,50,2,Drug,,,Tree used as medicine.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50"
147,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of needles taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
149,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,50,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of compound containing bark applied for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50"
150,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,50,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of compound containing bark applied to boils or ulcers.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50"
151,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,50,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Poultice of compound containing bark used as a chest plaster for lung hemorrhage.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50"
152,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,81,Green River Group,25,g73,19,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of needles taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
153,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,41,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Blister pitch mixed with oil rubbed on the hair and scalp because it smelled nice.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
154,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,41,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Blister pitch mixed with oil rubbed on the scalp to prevent the hair from falling out.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
157,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of needles taken as a tonic.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
158,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,268,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Branches and pollen used in purification rites and ceremonies.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268"
159,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,268,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of pitch taken for coughs and tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268"
160,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,268,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pitch and grease eaten or rubbed on sores and boils.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268"
161,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,268,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Decoction of pitch taken as a tonic and laxative.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268"
162,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,268,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Pitch and catfish oil taken for constipation.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268"
163,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,268,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Root held in the mouth for gum boils and canker sores.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268"
164,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,268,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of bark taken as a tonic to stay young and strong.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268"
165,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,268,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of pitch taken or pitch rubbed on chest and back for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 268"
166,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,71,2,Drug,110,Internal Medicine,"Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries.","Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
167,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,71,2,Drug,,,Boughs placed in fire and smoke inhaled to prevent sickness.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
171,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark taken for bad coughs.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
172,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Bark dried, powdered and rubbed on the neck and under the arms as a deodorant.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
173,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Needles dried, powdered, mixed with marrow and used to scent the hair and keep from going bald.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
174,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,237,Dietary Aid,Pitch taken for a loss of appetite.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
175,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of bark taken for 'bad stomachs' with loss of appetite and loss of weight.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
176,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Pitch taken for ulcers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
177,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,177,Gland Medicine,Pitch mixed with deer marrow and applied externally each evening for goiter.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
178,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,18,Other,Branch tips chewed for allergies caused by water hemlock.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
179,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,Pitch taken for a general feeling of weakness.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
180,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Pitch taken for consumption.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
182,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,41,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Decoction of bark and gum taken as a physic.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
183,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,41,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Gum used for sore eyes.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
185,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,215,Saanich,23,tb71,69,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pitch made into a salve and used for cuts and bruises.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69"
186,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,215,Saanich,23,tb71,69,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pitch mixed with venison suet and used for psoriasis and other skin diseases.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69"
187,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,69,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of pounded root bark used for falling hair and dandruff.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69"
188,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,50,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of soft pitch applied to sores.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50"
189,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,50,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis and other sickness.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50"
190,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,50,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Hard pitch chewed to clean the teeth.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50"
191,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,50,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50"
194,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,462,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Decoction of bark and gum taken as a physic.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462"
195,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Pitch taken for colds. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
196,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,462,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of bark used as a wash for sore eyes and gum used in corners of eyes.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462"
197,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,55,p52,41,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Gum used for sore eyes.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
198,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of boughs taken for any illness.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
199,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,20,Panacea,"Pitch taken for any type of bad disease. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
200,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,509,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Branches thought to be of help to young girl under 'magical spell.',"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 509"
201,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,"Pitch taken for tuberculosis. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
202,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Poultice of pitch and buttercup roots used for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
203,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,,,Decoction of branches taken as medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
204,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,462,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Very strong decoction of various plant parts taken for gonorrhea.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462"
205,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,509,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Branches thought to be of help to young girl under 'magical spell.',"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 509"
214,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,79,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Needle smudge smoke inhaled for headaches.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 79"
215,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,273,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant burned as ceremonial incense.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 273"
216,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,17,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poultice of leaves applied for chest colds.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17"
217,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,273,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poultice of plant applied for chest colds.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 273"
218,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gummy secretions used on wounds as an antiseptic.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17"
219,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,123,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of needles mixed with grease and applied as a hair tonic.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123"
220,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves mixed with grease and used as hairdressing.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17"
221,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,123,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Needles packed into moccasins as a foot deodorant.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123"
222,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,107,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Needles used as a deodorant.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107"
223,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,65,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Infusion of resin taken as an emetic to clean the insides.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 65"
224,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,17,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Poultice of leaves applied for fevers.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17"
225,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,273,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Poultice of plant applied for fevers.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 273"
226,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,123,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Resin chewed for bad breath and pleasure.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 123"
227,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,17,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Gummy secretions taken for lung troubles.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17"
228,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,79,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Needle smudge smoke inhaled for fainting.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 79"
229,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,70,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,"Infusion of needles taken for coughing up blood, a sign of tuberculosis.","Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 70"
230,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,70,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Needle smudge used to fumigate the patient with tuberculosis.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 70"
231,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,69,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Needle smudge used to fumigate those faces that were swollen from a form of venereal disease.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 69"
232,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,17,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Ground needles used in horse medicine bundles.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 17"
233,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,87,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Infusion of bark given to horses for diarrhea.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 87"
234,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,87,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Little bags of needles tied on a belt and hung around the horse's neck as a perfume.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 87"
235,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,87,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Needle smudge used to fumigate sick horses.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 87"
248,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,5,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Needles burned as incense in ceremonies by persons afraid of thunder.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 5"
249,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,5,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Plant used to revive a dying person's spirit.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 5"
250,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,5,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Burning needle smoke and aroma used to chase away bad influences (illness).,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 5"
253,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,60,Crow,73,b05,5,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Young twigs and leaves burned as incense in certain ceremonies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
254,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,2,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of crushed needles taken for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
255,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,2,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of crushed needles taken for coughs.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
256,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,2,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of crushed needles used for constipation.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
257,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,76,Flathead,30,h92,2,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Needles dried, pounded, mixed with deer grease and used as a hair tonic.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
258,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,76,Flathead,30,h92,2,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Needles pounded and used alone or mixed with grease or marrow for skin diseases.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
259,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,76,Flathead,30,h92,2,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Needles pulverized into baby powder and used for rashes from excessive urination.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
260,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,76,Flathead,30,h92,2,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Needles, lovage roots, buckbrush leaves and pinedrops boiled and used to make hair grow longer.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
261,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,76,Flathead,30,h92,2,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,"Needles pounded, mixed with lard and used for bleeding gums.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
262,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,76,Flathead,30,h92,2,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Needles pulverized into baby powder and used for rashes from excessive urination.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
265,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
266,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
267,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
268,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
272,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,120,Kutenai,30,h92,2,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gummy bark secretions used for cuts and bruises.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
273,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,2,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of needles and resinous blisters used for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
274,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,2,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poultice of needles used for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
275,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,2,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gummy bark secretions used as an antiseptic for wounds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
276,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gummy secretion from the bark used as an antiseptic for wounds and ulcers.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
277,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant applied to corns for easy removal.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
278,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,2,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Poultice of needles used for chest fevers.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
279,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Gummy secretion from the bark taken for lung troubles.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
282,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark taken for bad coughs.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
283,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Bark dried, powdered and rubbed on the neck and under the arms as a deodorant.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
284,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Needles dried, powdered, mixed with marrow and used to scent the hair and keep from going bald.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
285,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,335,Dietary Aid,Pitch taken for a loss of appetite.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
286,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of bark taken for 'bad stomachs' with loss of appetite and loss of weight.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
287,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Pitch taken for ulcers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
288,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,177,Gland Medicine,Pitch mixed with deer marrow and applied externally each evening for goiter.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
289,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,18,Other,Branch tips chewed for allergies caused by water hemlock.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
290,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,Pitch taken for a general feeling of weakness.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
291,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Pitch taken for consumption.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
293,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,232,Shoshoni,111,m90,37,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of needles taken for colds.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 37"
294,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,232,Shoshoni,111,m90,37,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of resinous blisters taken for colds.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 37"
300,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Pitch taken for colds. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
301,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark taken over a period of time for bad coughs.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
302,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of bark taken over a period of time for bruises.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
303,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of pitch used alone for cuts or with Vaseline for sores. The pitch was smeared over injuries and covered with a bandage.  In earlier times, animal fat was probably used in place of Vaseline","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
304,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Decoction of bark taken over a period of time for sprains.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
305,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,20,Panacea,"Pitch taken for any type of bad disease. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
306,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of boughs and/or bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
307,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,"Inner bark eaten as a medicine for 'shadow on the chest,' the beginning of tuberculosis. It made the informant very sick with aching, flu like symptoms, but after that, she did not develop tuberculosis.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
308,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,"Pitch taken for tuberculosis. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
309,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Poultice of pitch and buttercup roots used for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
310,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,97,2,Drug,,,Decoction of branches taken as medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
315,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
316,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
317,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
318,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
319,7,Abies procera Rehd.,183,Paiute,98,m53,45,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Crumbled leaves smoked for colds.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 45"
320,7,Abies procera Rehd.,183,Paiute,98,m53,45,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Dried branches stored for use as a cold remedy.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 45"
321,7,Abies procera Rehd.,183,Paiute,98,m53,45,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Mashed leaves sewn into a sack placed around the child's neck 'for colds.',"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 45"
322,7,Abies procera Rehd.,183,Paiute,98,m53,45,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of leaves taken as cough medicine.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 45"
323,7,Abies procera Rehd.,183,Paiute,98,m53,45,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Dried branches stored for use as a deodorant.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 45"
324,8,Abies sp.,27,Carrier,134,c73,71,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed nodules applied to wounds.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 71"
325,8,Abies sp.,27,Carrier,134,c73,70,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Poultice of pitch applied to injured eyes.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 70"
326,8,Abies sp.,27,Carrier,134,c73,70,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of tree warts and pitch taken for tuberculosis.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 70"
329,8,Abies sp.,28,"Carrier, Northern",9,s29,51,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,"Gum used as an ointment on wounds, especially on burns.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
330,8,Abies sp.,28,"Carrier, Northern",9,s29,51,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Decoction of bark taken as a purgative.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
331,8,Abies sp.,28,"Carrier, Northern",9,s29,51,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Gum used as an ointment on wounds, especially on burns.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
332,8,Abies sp.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,169,2,Drug,149,Adjuvant,"Leaves and fungus burned on coals, with or without sweet grass, and used to strengthen medicines.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 169"
333,8,Abies sp.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,169,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Leaves with fungus burned on coals with or without sweet grass used ceremonially to purify sickness.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 169"
334,8,Abies sp.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,51,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Gum or mashed cones used as purgative and diuretic for consumption and gonorrhea.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
335,8,Abies sp.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,51,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Gum or mashed cones applied to cuts and sores, especially gonorrheal sores.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
336,8,Abies sp.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,51,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Gum or mashed cones used as purgative and diuretic for consumption and gonorrhea.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
337,8,Abies sp.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,51,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Juicy inner bark taken for constipation.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
338,8,Abies sp.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,51,2,Drug,18,Other,Gum or mashed cones taken for many serious ailments.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
339,8,Abies sp.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,51,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Gum or mashed cones used as purgative and diuretic for consumption.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
340,8,Abies sp.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,51,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Gum or mashed cones taken for gonorrhea and applied to gonorrheal sores.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
341,8,Abies sp.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,51,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Gum or mashed cones used as purgative and diuretic for gonorrhea.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
342,8,Abies sp.,236,Sikani,9,s29,51,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gum applied to wounds.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 51"
343,8,Abies sp.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,462,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of shoots and bark taken for stomach trouble.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462"
344,8,Abies sp.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,462,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of shoots and bark taken as a tonic.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 462"
346,9,Abronia elliptica A. Nels.,95,Hopi,37,w39,75,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Plant placed on child's head to induce sleep.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 75"
347,9,Abronia elliptica A. Nels.,95,Hopi,37,w39,"36, 75",2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant placed on child's head to induce sleep.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 36, 75"
349,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,24,2,Drug,229,Dietary Aid,"Roots ground, mixed with corn flour and eaten to give one a good appetite and to make one fat.","Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24"
350,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,24,2,Drug,60,Psychological Aid,"Roots ground, mixed with corn flour and eaten to keep one from becoming greedy.","Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24"
353,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,157,Navajo,141,h56,158,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for boils.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 158"
354,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant taken to 'remove the effects of swallowing a spider.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
355,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,21,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Plant used as a cathartic.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 21"
356,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,21,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for insect bites.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 21"
357,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,21,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Plant used as a sudorific.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 21"
358,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,21,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Plant used as an emetic.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 21"
359,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,21,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant used for stomach cramps.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 21"
360,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,21,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Plant used as a life medicine.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 21"
361,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,26,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Cold infusion used as lotion for sores or sore mouth and to bathe perspiring feet.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 26"
362,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,26,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Cold infusion used as lotion for sores or sore mouth.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 26"
363,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,272,Ute,142,c09,32,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Roots and flowers used for stomach and bowel troubles.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 32"
364,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,291,Zuni,157,cb80,377,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Fresh flowers eaten for stomachaches.,"Camazine, Scott and Robert A. Bye, 1980, A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2:365-388, page 377"
368,12,Abronia turbinata Torr. ex S. Wats.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,30,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed leaves applied to swellings.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30"
369,13,Abronia villosa S. Wats.,183,Paiute,111,m90,41,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Used as an urinary inducer.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 41"
370,13,Abronia villosa S. Wats.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,30,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of mashed roots applied to burns.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 30"
371,14,Abutilon incanum (Link) Sweet,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,69,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Dried flowers eaten for gripping stomachaches.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 69"
372,14,Abutilon incanum (Link) Sweet,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,69,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Flowers, root bark and other plants pounded, resulting liquid heated and taken for stomachaches.","Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 69"
396,16,Acacia koa Gray,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,46,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Leaves spread out on the bed to cause the patient lying on them to sweat.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 46"
397,16,Acacia koa Gray,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,46,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Ashes of this and other plants applied to the mouth interior of infants for physical weakness.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 46"
398,16,Acacia koa Gray,90,Hawaiian,68,a22,46,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,Ashes of this and other plants applied to the mouth interior of infants for physical weakness.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 46"
406,19,Acalypha virginica L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,61,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Root used for 'dropsy.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61"
407,19,Acalypha virginica L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,61,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Root used for pox.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61"
408,19,Acalypha virginica L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,61,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Root used for 'gravel.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61"
409,20,Acamptopappus sphaerocephalus var. hirtellus Blake,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,9,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Mashed plant used as a salve for pain.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 9"
410,21,Acer alba L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Bark used as a cough remedy.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
414,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Branches used by women as a love medicine.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
430,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,259,Thompson,10,tta90,145,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,"Wood burned to charcoal, mixed with water and brown sugar and taken for dysentery. The wood was always taken early in the morning from the sunrise side of the tree.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 145"
431,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,259,Thompson,10,tta90,145,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,"Wood burned to charcoal, mixed with water and brown sugar and taken for polio. The wood was always taken early in the morning from the sunrise side of the tree.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 145"
439,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,65,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Infusion of bark taken in the morning as a cathartic.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 65"
444,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,36,2,Drug,20,Panacea,"Infusion of branches used for swellings, a 'life medicine.'","Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 36"
445,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,Branch tied in a knot and placed over the bear's tracks while hunting to stop the wounded bear.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
455,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,475,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,Decoction of wood and bark taken for nausea caused by smelling a corpse.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 475"
456,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,146,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,"Decoction of sticks and saskatoon sticks taken to heal women's insides and stimulate lactation. The decoction was made either with two sticks each of saskatoon and rocky mountain maple, or, for a stronger medicine, four sticks each and used after childbirth to heal women's insides and to stimulate the flow of milk for nursing.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 146"
457,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,146,2,Drug,114,Snake Bite Remedy,"Decoction of four straight, young sticks used as a wash or taken for snakebites. The informant could not recall whether the decoction was taken internally or used as a wash.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 146"
493,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,114,Klallam,25,g73,39,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
495,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,275,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Sticky, bud gum and oil used as a hair tonic.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 275"
524,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,259,Thompson,10,tta90,147,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Raw sap used as a tonic in the olden days.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 147"
541,27,Acer negundo L.,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,4,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Wood burned as incense for making spiritual medicines.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 4"
553,27,Acer negundo L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,200,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Decoction of inner bark taken as an emetic.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 200"
559,27,Acer negundo L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,353,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Infusion of inner bark taken as an emetic.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 353"
577,30,Acer nigrum Michx. f.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,199,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of inner bark used for diarrhea.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199"
578,30,Acer nigrum Michx. f.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,199,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,"'Arbor liquore abundans, ex quo liquor tanquam urina vehementer projicitur.'","Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199"
579,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,154,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Used for bronchial troubles.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154"
580,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,196,2,Drug,,,Infusion of plant used as a medicinal tea.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 196"
581,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,196,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Plant eaten by a moose with a broken bone to aid its healing.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 196"
583,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Decoction of bark taken as an emetic.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
584,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Compound decoction of bark taken as a laxative.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
585,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Decoction of bark applied as poultice for paralysis.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
586,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Wood used for spitting blood.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
587,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Bark used for colds.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
588,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Bark used for coughs.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
589,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Wood used for kidney trouble.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
590,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Bark used for 'grippe.',"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
591,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Unspecified plant parts used for 'trouble with the limbs.',"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
592,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Wood used for gonorrhea.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
596,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,200,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Decoction of inner bark taken as an emetic.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 200"
597,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,192,Penobscot,103,s17,311,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Compound infusion of plant taken for 'spitting up blood.',"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311"
598,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,192,Penobscot,103,s17,310,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of steeped bark applied to swollen limbs.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310"
599,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,192,Penobscot,103,s17,311,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Compound infusion of plant taken for kidney trouble.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311"
600,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,192,Penobscot,103,s17,311,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311"
601,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,192,Penobscot,103,s17,311,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Compound infusion of plant taken for gonorrhea .,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311"
606,32,Acer rubrum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken for cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
607,32,Acer rubrum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion taken for dysentery.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
608,32,Acer rubrum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion taken for hives.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
609,32,Acer rubrum L.,32,Cherokee,105,w47,73,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of inner bark boiled to a syrup and used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 73"
610,32,Acer rubrum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Inner bark boiled and used with water as wash for sore eyes.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
611,32,Acer rubrum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Compound infusion of bark taken for 'female trouble' and cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
612,32,Acer rubrum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Hot infusion of bark given for measles.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
617,32,Acer rubrum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Complex compound taken as a blood purifier.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
618,32,Acer rubrum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of bark used as drops for sore eyes and cataracts.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
619,32,Acer rubrum L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,"Decoction of plants used as a wash for traps, a 'trapping medicine.'","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
624,32,Acer rubrum L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,353,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of bark used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 353"
626,32,Acer rubrum L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,37,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of inner bark used as an eyewash.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 37"
628,32,Acer rubrum L.,228,Seminole,88,s54,269,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Decoction of bark used for ballgame sickness: sores, back or limb pains and hemorrhoids.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 269"
629,32,Acer rubrum L.,228,Seminole,88,s54,269,2,Drug,74,Hemorrhoid Remedy,"Decoction of bark used for ballgame sickness: sores, back or limb pains and hemorrhoids.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 269"
630,32,Acer rubrum L.,228,Seminole,88,s54,269,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,"Decoction of bark used for ballgame sickness: sores, back or limb pains and hemorrhoids.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 269"
634,33,Acer rubrum var. drummondii (Hook. & Arn. ex Nutt.) Sarg.,116,Koasati,115,t40,39,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of bark taken and used as a wash for gun wounds.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 39"
635,34,Acer saccharinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of bark taken for cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
636,34,Acer saccharinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion taken for dysentery.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
637,34,Acer saccharinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion taken for hives.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
638,34,Acer saccharinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Inner bark boiled and used with water as wash for sore eyes.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
639,34,Acer saccharinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Compound infusion of bark taken for 'female trouble' and cramps.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
640,34,Acer saccharinum L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Hot infusion of bark given for measles.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
645,34,Acer saccharinum L.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,136,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Bark boiled and used as a wash for old, stubborn, running sores.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 136"
649,34,Acer saccharinum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,,,"Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a medicine.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142"
654,34,Acer saccharinum L.,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,269,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,"Infusion of bark, removed from south side of tree, taken for cough.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 269"
655,34,Acer saccharinum L.,173,Ojibwa,8,r28,232,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of root bark taken for gonorrhea.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 232"
659,34,Acer saccharinum L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,198,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of inner bark used for diarrhea.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198"
660,34,Acer saccharinum L.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,199,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Compound decoction of inner bark taken as a diuretic.,"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199"
678,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Complex compound used as a blood purifier.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
679,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Compound decoction of leaves used as a wash on parts affected by 'Italian itch.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
680,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Compound infusion of bark used as drops for blindness.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
681,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Sap used for sore eyes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142"
682,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,52,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Infusion of bark with another whole plant taken by forest runners for shortness of breath.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 52"
683,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,,,"Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a medicine.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142"
700,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Inner bark used as a cough remedy.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
707,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,37,2,Drug,139,Expectorant,Inner bark used as an expectorant.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 37"
713,37,Acer spicatum Lam.,8,"Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule",113,ray45,118,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of boiled root chips applied to wounds and abscesses.,"Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118"
714,37,Acer spicatum Lam.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,377,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Compound decoction of roots and bark taken for internal hemorrhage.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 377"
715,37,Acer spicatum Lam.,100,Iroquois,116,r45i,94,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant used for intestinal diseases.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 94"
716,37,Acer spicatum Lam.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,248,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of outside bark used for sore eyes.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 248"
717,37,Acer spicatum Lam.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,248,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Poultice of outside bark used for sore eyes.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 248"
719,37,Acer spicatum Lam.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Bark used for sore eyes.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
720,37,Acer spicatum Lam.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,353,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of pith used as a wash for sore eyes and pith used to remove foreign matter.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 353"
724,37,Acer spicatum Lam.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,37,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Compound containing inner bark used as cough syrup.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 37"
726,38,Achillea millefolium L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,174,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of whole plant given to children for colds.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 174"
727,38,Achillea millefolium L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,154,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Used for fevers.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154"
728,38,Achillea millefolium L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,154,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Used for grippe.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154"
729,38,Achillea millefolium L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,174,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of whole plant given to children for colds.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 174"
730,38,Achillea millefolium L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,240,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Crushed leaves used as a snuff for headaches.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 240"
731,38,Achillea millefolium L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,240,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Used for colds.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 240"
732,38,Achillea millefolium L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,240,2,Drug,138,Poultice,Leaves used for poultices.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 240"
733,38,Achillea millefolium L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,240,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Used for respiratory disorders.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 240"
734,38,Achillea millefolium L.,8,"Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule",113,ray45,118,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves and flowers used for headaches.,"Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118"
735,38,Achillea millefolium L.,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,201,2,Drug,148,Breast Treatment,"Leaves pounded, heated and used for breast abscesses.","Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201"
736,38,Achillea millefolium L.,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,201,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,"Leaves pounded, heated and used for burns.","Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201"
737,38,Achillea millefolium L.,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,65,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to burns.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
738,38,Achillea millefolium L.,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,201,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Leaves pounded, heated and used for boils.","Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201"
739,38,Achillea millefolium L.,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,201,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Poultice of leaves and eulachon grease applied to the chest and back of children for bronchitis.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201"
740,38,Achillea millefolium L.,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,201,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Poultice of leaves and eulachon grease applied to the chest and back of children for bronchitis.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201"
741,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,65,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken or rubbed on the body to soothe the pain of gastroenteritis.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 65"
742,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,74,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Infusion of plant applied to swellingss.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 74"
743,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,74,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of chewed flowers applied to swollen parts.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 74"
744,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,74,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plant applied to sores.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 74"
745,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,69,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of plant taken as a diuretic to pass the sickness with the urine.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 69"
746,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,60,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of leaves taken to expel the afterbirth.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60"
747,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,60,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of leaves taken when labor pains started and to ease the delivery.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60"
748,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,65,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of plant taken or rubbed on the body for liver troubles.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 65"
749,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,69,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of plant rubbed on the body part affected by sickness.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 69"
750,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,70,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of plant taken for sore throats.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 70"
751,38,Achillea millefolium L.,23,Blackfoot,26,h74,87,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Infusion of plant used as an eyewash for horses.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 87"
753,38,Achillea millefolium L.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,65,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Decoction of entire plant, except roots, taken for colds.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
754,38,Achillea millefolium L.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,65,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to swellings.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
755,38,Achillea millefolium L.,29,"Carrier, Southern",9,s29,65,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to sprains.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
756,38,Achillea millefolium L.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,49,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of leaves taken for the passage of blood with diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
757,38,Achillea millefolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Used for hemorrhages and spitting blood.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
758,38,Achillea millefolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Astringent leaves used for hemorrhages and bowel complaints.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
759,38,Achillea millefolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion taken for fever.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
760,38,Achillea millefolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Used for bowel complaints.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
761,38,Achillea millefolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Used for flooding.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
762,38,Achillea millefolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,74,Hemorrhoid Remedy,Used for bloody piles.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
763,38,Achillea millefolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Dried leaves smoked for catarrh.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
764,38,Achillea millefolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion taken for restful sleep.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
765,38,Achillea millefolium L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,62,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Used for bloody urine.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
766,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for chest pains.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
767,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,Infusion of fresh or dried plant taken for nausea.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
768,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of fresh or dried plant taken for colds.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
769,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,6,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves used for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
770,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of fresh or dried plant taken for coughs.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
771,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of fresh or dried plant taken to cause perspiring.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
772,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,6,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of leaves used for fevers.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
773,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,104,Heart Medicine,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for heart troubles and chest pains.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
774,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Crushed leaves placed in the nose for nosebleeds.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
775,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion of plant taken or leaves rubbed on body for respiratory diseases.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
776,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of fresh or dried plant taken for tickling of the throat.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
777,38,Achillea millefolium L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,17,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of plant taken or leaves rubbed on body for tuberculosis.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 17"
778,38,Achillea millefolium L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves steamed and inhaled for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
779,38,Achillea millefolium L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,350,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of root applied to skin 'eruptions.',"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 350"
780,38,Achillea millefolium L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,336,2,Drug,78,Herbal Steam,Decoction of leaves sprinkled on hot stones as herbal steam for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 336"
781,38,Achillea millefolium L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,364,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Dried chewed root spit onto limbs as a stimulant.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364"
782,38,Achillea millefolium L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,366,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Decoction of leaves and stalk applied to horses as a stimulant.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 366"
783,38,Achillea millefolium L.,41,Clallam,99,f80,199,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves used for colds.,"Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 199"
784,38,Achillea millefolium L.,41,Clallam,99,f80,199,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of leaves used during childbirth.,"Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 199"
786,38,Achillea millefolium L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
787,38,Achillea millefolium L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,49,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of roots taken for stomach troubles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
788,38,Achillea millefolium L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant heads used to make a compress for headaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
789,38,Achillea millefolium L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Leaves chewed for bleeding.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
790,38,Achillea millefolium L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of roots taken for fevers.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
791,38,Achillea millefolium L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of plant heads used to make a compress for fevers.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
792,38,Achillea millefolium L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Decoction of roots taken or roots chewed for toothaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
794,38,Achillea millefolium L.,59,Creek,128,swan28,663,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Plant used as toothache medicine.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 663"
795,38,Achillea millefolium L.,60,Crow,30,h92,6,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of plant used for burns.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
796,38,Achillea millefolium L.,60,Crow,30,h92,6,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of plant used for boils and open sores.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
797,38,Achillea millefolium L.,62,Delaware,97,t72,35,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of plant used for kidney disorders.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 35"
798,38,Achillea millefolium L.,62,Delaware,97,t72,35,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of plant used for liver disorders.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 35"
799,38,Achillea millefolium L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"29, 74",2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of whole plant taken for kidney disorders.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 29, 74"
800,38,Achillea millefolium L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"29, 74",2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of whole plant taken for liver disorders.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 29, 74"
801,38,Achillea millefolium L.,76,Flathead,30,h92,6,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Leaves boiled and used for aching backs and legs.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
802,38,Achillea millefolium L.,76,Flathead,30,h92,6,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves used for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
803,38,Achillea millefolium L.,76,Flathead,30,h92,6,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves crushed and used for wounds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
804,38,Achillea millefolium L.,76,Flathead,30,h92,6,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Herb used as a disinfectant.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
805,38,Achillea millefolium L.,76,Flathead,30,h92,6,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of leaves used for fevers.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
806,38,Achillea millefolium L.,78,Gitksan,9,s29,65,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of young plant or root gargled for sore throat.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 65"
807,38,Achillea millefolium L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,360,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant used for headaches.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"
808,38,Achillea millefolium L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,360,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of plant applied for rheumatism.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"
809,38,Achillea millefolium L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,350,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of plant applied to joints affected by rheumatism.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 350"
810,38,Achillea millefolium L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,360,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of plant applied to bruises.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"
811,38,Achillea millefolium L.,79,Gosiute,38,c11,360,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of plant used for biliousness.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"
812,38,Achillea millefolium L.,87,Haisla and Hanaksiala,14,c93,220,2,Drug,,,Plants placed on heated rocks and rising vapors used for unspecified illness.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 220"
814,38,Achillea millefolium L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,61,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves chewed and the juice swallowed for any kind of internal pain.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 61"
815,38,Achillea millefolium L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,61,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Leaves chewed and the juice swallowed for prolonged cough.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 61"
816,38,Achillea millefolium L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,61,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Leaves chewed and the juice swallowed for the stomach.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 61"
817,38,Achillea millefolium L.,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,61,2,Drug,110,Internal Medicine,Leaves chewed and the juice swallowed for internal organs.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 61"
818,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,469,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots or leaves used internally or externally for headaches.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 469"
819,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant chewed and poultice of leaves applied for neuralgia.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
820,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,16,Anthelmintic,Infusion of leaves given to children with worms.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
821,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Decoction of plants given and used as wash for babies with convulsions.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
822,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,"Compound decoction of plants, bark and roots taken for diarrhea.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
823,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,64,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of plant and seeds from another plant used for diarrhea.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 64"
824,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,471,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of smashed plants taken for diarrhea.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 471"
825,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,64,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,"Decoction of leaves, branches and another plant taken for vomiting and nausea.","Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 64"
826,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,"Decoction or infusion of plants, bark and roots taken for vomiting.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
827,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of plants taken when 'sore through the joints.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
828,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,"Compound decoction of plants, roots and bark taken as a blood purifier.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
829,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,471,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Infusion of smashed plants taken as an emetic for sunstroke.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 471"
830,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,469,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of leaves given to babies with any kind of fever.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 469"
831,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,471,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of smashed plants taken for fever caused by sunstroke.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 471"
832,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,116,r45i,103,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Poultice of plant applied and infusion of plant used for fevers.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 103"
833,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,64,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of plant fragments taken for digestive cramps.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 64"
834,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant used for 'summer complaint' and decoction of plants taken for cramps.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
835,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Plant used as a miscellaneous disease remedy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
836,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,469,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of leaves given to babies with any kind of sickness.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 469"
837,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Compound decoction of stems given to children with diarrhea.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
838,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of plants given and used as wash for babies with convulsions.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
839,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,469,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of leaves given to babies with any kind of sickness or fever.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 469"
840,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Cold infusion given and used as wash on unconscious person who had fallen.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
841,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,470,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,"Compound decoction of plants, roots and bark taken for venereal disease.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 470"
842,38,Achillea millefolium L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,471,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of plant tops used as a wash on parts affected by gonorrhea.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 471"
843,38,Achillea millefolium L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of soaked stalks and leaves applied to wounds.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
844,38,Achillea millefolium L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,49,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of leaves taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
845,38,Achillea millefolium L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
846,38,Achillea millefolium L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,49,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of leaves taken during childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
848,38,Achillea millefolium L.,120,Kutenai,30,h92,6,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction used for washing sores and other skin problems.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
849,38,Achillea millefolium L.,120,Kutenai,30,h92,6,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves crushed and used for wounds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
850,38,Achillea millefolium L.,120,Kutenai,30,h92,6,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Herb used as a disinfectant.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
852,38,Achillea millefolium L.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,278,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Leaves used in a steambath for rheumatism.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"
853,38,Achillea millefolium L.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,278,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poultice of leaves applied to the chest for colds.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"
854,38,Achillea millefolium L.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,266,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied or compound rubbed on sores and swellings.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 266"
855,38,Achillea millefolium L.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,278,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to chest for hardened breasts after childbirth.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"
856,38,Achillea millefolium L.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,278,2,Drug,78,Herbal Steam,Leaves used in a steambath for rheumatism or general sickness.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"
857,38,Achillea millefolium L.,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,278,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Leaves used in a steambath for general sickness.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"
858,38,Achillea millefolium L.,125,Lakota,156,k90,46,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of dried and chewed plants applied to wounds and sores.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 46"
859,38,Achillea millefolium L.,129,Lummi,25,g73,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of flowers taken for body aches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
860,38,Achillea millefolium L.,129,Lummi,25,g73,49,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of flowers taken to produce sweating.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
861,38,Achillea millefolium L.,129,Lummi,25,g73,49,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of flowers taken to prevent mumps.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
862,38,Achillea millefolium L.,131,Mahuna,5,r54,24,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Rolled leaves inserted into cavity of painful tooth.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 24"
863,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,25,g73,49,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of leaves taken to purify the blood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
864,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,3,g83,322,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Leaves chewed as a blood purifier.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 322"
865,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,3,g83,322,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Leaves chewed 'to clean one out.',"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 322"
866,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,25,g73,49,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Raw leaves chewed by women to produce sweating at childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
867,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,25,g73,49,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of leaves taken to heal the uterus after birth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
868,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,3,g83,322,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant taken at the start of labor 'to hurry the baby.',"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 322"
869,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,3,g83,322,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant taken by an expectant mother close to the time of birth for an easy delivery.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 322"
870,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,25,g73,49,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Raw leaves chewed by women to produce sweating at childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
871,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,3,g83,322,2,Drug,18,Other,Plant used like an antibiotic.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 322"
872,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,3,g83,322,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Leaves chewed and the juice swallowed for sore throats.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 322"
873,38,Achillea millefolium L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,244,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Used as a liniment for bruises.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 244"
874,38,Achillea millefolium L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,244,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Used as a liniment for sprains.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 244"
875,38,Achillea millefolium L.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,391,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for headaches.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 391"
876,38,Achillea millefolium L.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,391,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves and flowers used as a wash for bruises.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 391"
877,38,Achillea millefolium L.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,391,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of leaves and flowers used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 391"
878,38,Achillea millefolium L.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,391,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for stomachaches.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 391"
879,38,Achillea millefolium L.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,391,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Infusion of leaves and flowers used as a wash for sprains.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 391"
880,38,Achillea millefolium L.,137,Mendocino Indian,89,c02,391,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for consumption.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 391"
881,38,Achillea millefolium L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of dried, powdered leaves applied to swellings and sores.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
882,38,Achillea millefolium L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,"28, 29",2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves used on children's rash and fresh tops used to rub on eczema.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 28, 29"
883,38,Achillea millefolium L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,"28, 29",2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of leaves used for fevers.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 28, 29"
884,38,Achillea millefolium L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,"28, 29",2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Poultice of leaves used for 'the rash of children.',"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 28, 29"
885,38,Achillea millefolium L.,141,Micmac,155,w22,25,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),"Dried, powdered bark or green leaves rubbed over swellings.","Wallis, Wilson D., 1922, Medicines Used by the Micmac Indians, American Anthropologist 24:24-30, page 25"
886,38,Achillea millefolium L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Herb used for colds.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
887,38,Achillea millefolium L.,141,Micmac,155,w22,25,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Dried, powdered bark or green leaves rubbed over bruises.","Wallis, Wilson D., 1922, Medicines Used by the Micmac Indians, American Anthropologist 24:24-30, page 25"
888,38,Achillea millefolium L.,141,Micmac,155,w22,25,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of plant taken with milk to cause a sweat for colds.,"Wallis, Wilson D., 1922, Medicines Used by the Micmac Indians, American Anthropologist 24:24-30, page 25"
889,38,Achillea millefolium L.,141,Micmac,155,w22,25,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,"Dried, powdered bark or green leaves rubbed over sprains.","Wallis, Wilson D., 1922, Medicines Used by the Micmac Indians, American Anthropologist 24:24-30, page 25"
890,38,Achillea millefolium L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,53,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,"Herb used for swelling, bruises and sprains.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
891,38,Achillea millefolium L.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,166,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried or green mashed leaves used for pain and used during influenza epidemic.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 166"
892,38,Achillea millefolium L.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,166,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried or green mashed leaves used for pain.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 166"
893,38,Achillea millefolium L.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,166,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for bad colds.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 166"
894,38,Achillea millefolium L.,144,Miwok,100,bg33,166,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of leaves and flowers used externally for influenza.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 166"
895,38,Achillea millefolium L.,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,266,2,Drug,290,Dietary Aid,"Cold, compound infusion taken as an appetizer.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266"
896,38,Achillea millefolium L.,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,266,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Cold, compound infusion taken for the stomach.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266"
897,38,Achillea millefolium L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"75, 128",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Compound infusion of leaves taken as a stomach aid and to improve the appetite.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 75, 128"
898,38,Achillea millefolium L.,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,269,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of plant taken for the kidneys.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 269"
899,38,Achillea millefolium L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Simple or compound infusion of leaves taken for kidney disorders.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
900,38,Achillea millefolium L.,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,269,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Infusion of plant taken for the liver.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 269"
901,38,Achillea millefolium L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Simple or compound infusion of leaves taken for liver disorders.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
902,38,Achillea millefolium L.,150,Montagnais,103,s17,315,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of plant used for fever.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 315"
903,38,Achillea millefolium L.,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,96,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of plants taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
904,38,Achillea millefolium L.,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,96,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Plants chewed and swallowed as 'medicine for everything.',"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
905,38,Achillea millefolium L.,166,Nitinaht,3,g83,322,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Leaves chewed and the juice swallowed for sore throats.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 322"
906,38,Achillea millefolium L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,362,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Florets smoked for ceremonial purposes.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 362"
907,38,Achillea millefolium L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,362,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Florets placed on coals and smoke inhaled to break a fever.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 362"
908,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for headaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
909,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of roots taken for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
910,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of whole plant used as a bath for arthritic or rheumatic pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
911,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Decoction or roots and scarlet gilia leaves taken as a physic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
912,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
913,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves and stems mixed with white clematis and witch's broom branches to make a shampoo.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
914,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of roots taken for stomachaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
915,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Decoction or roots and scarlet gilia leaves taken as a laxative.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
916,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Roots mashed and applied to the tooth for toothaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
918,38,Achillea millefolium L.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,40,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Decoction used as wash for chapped hands, pimples, rashes and insect bites.","Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
919,38,Achillea millefolium L.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,40,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of whole plant used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
920,38,Achillea millefolium L.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,40,2,Drug,114,Snake Bite Remedy,Decoction of plant used as a wash for insect or snake bites.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
921,38,Achillea millefolium L.,176,Okanagon,55,p52,40,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of whole plant taken as a tonic.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
922,38,Achillea millefolium L.,183,Paiute,65,stew33,317,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Green plants smelled by old men for headaches.,"Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 317"
923,38,Achillea millefolium L.,183,Paiute,65,stew33,317,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of plant taken or green plants smelled for colds.,"Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 317"
924,38,Achillea millefolium L.,183,Paiute,65,stew33,317,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of leaves and stems used as a liniment for skin sores.,"Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 317"
925,38,Achillea millefolium L.,183,Paiute,153,k32,196,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of crushed leaves applied to swellings.,"Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 196"
926,38,Achillea millefolium L.,183,Paiute,153,k32,197,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Cold infusion of leaves used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 197"
927,38,Achillea millefolium L.,183,Paiute,153,k32,196,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of crushed leaves applied to sprains.,"Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 196"
928,38,Achillea millefolium L.,183,Paiute,153,k32,197,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Leaves chewed for toothache.,"Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 197"
929,38,Achillea millefolium L.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of roots taken for chest cold.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
930,38,Achillea millefolium L.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Roots dried and chewed raw for colds.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
931,38,Achillea millefolium L.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Leaves soaked and used for coughs.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
932,38,Achillea millefolium L.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pulverized roots applied to cuts and sores.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
933,38,Achillea millefolium L.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Leaves soaked and sprinkled on the hot rocks in the sweatbath.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
934,38,Achillea millefolium L.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Decoction of roots taken for kidney troubles.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
935,38,Achillea millefolium L.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of roots taken for flu.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
936,38,Achillea millefolium L.,185,"Paiute, Northern",50,f89,128,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Root chewed and the saliva allowed to flow down the throat for sore throats.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
937,38,Achillea millefolium L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,"47, 48",2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Flowers smudged on live coals to revive comatose patient.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 47, 48"
938,38,Achillea millefolium L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,"47, 48",2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Flowers smudged on live coals to repel evil spirits.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 47, 48"
940,38,Achillea millefolium L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of boiled leaves applied to rheumatic limbs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
941,38,Achillea millefolium L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Poultice of boiled leaves applied to rheumatic limbs for the fever.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
942,38,Achillea millefolium L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction of leaves used as an aromatic bath for sick infants.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
943,38,Achillea millefolium L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of leaves used as an aromatic bath for sick infants.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
944,38,Achillea millefolium L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,49,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of roots used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
945,38,Achillea millefolium L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,49,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of roots taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
946,38,Achillea millefolium L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,49,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of roots taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
947,38,Achillea millefolium L.,215,Saanich,23,tb71,80,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Young leaves chewed and juice swallowed for colds.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"
948,38,Achillea millefolium L.,215,Saanich,23,tb71,80,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Young leaves chewed and juice swallowed for sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"
949,38,Achillea millefolium L.,215,Saanich,23,tb71,80,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Poultice of leaves held in the mouth for toothaches.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 80"
950,38,Achillea millefolium L.,216,Salish,144,teit28,293,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of plants used for sore eyes.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 293"
951,38,Achillea millefolium L.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,58,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of flowers and roots taken as a blood purifier.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 58"
952,38,Achillea millefolium L.,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,56,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves taken for poison ivy.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 56"
953,38,Achillea millefolium L.,241,Skagit,25,g73,49,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of leaves taken for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
954,38,Achillea millefolium L.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,49,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of leaves taken for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
955,38,Achillea millefolium L.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
956,38,Achillea millefolium L.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,49,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of roots taken for stomach troubles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
957,38,Achillea millefolium L.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,49,2,Drug,18,Other,Plant used as a bath for invalids.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
958,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of leaves given to children for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
959,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of roots or whole plant taken for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
960,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Leaves chewed or infusion of leaves taken for dysentery.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
961,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of leaves and roots used for bathing arthritic limbs.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
962,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of pounded roots used on the skin for sciatica.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
963,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of flowers taken in small quantities for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
964,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots or whole plant taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
965,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Leaves chewed or decoction of leaves taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
966,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Roots chewed or decoction of roots taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
967,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,55,p52,40,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Decoction of plant used as a wash for chapped hands, pimples, rashes and insect bites.","Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
968,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,460,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plant used as wash or powdered stem and leaf applied for skin problems.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 460"
969,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves and roots rubbed on sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
970,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed basal leaves used for cuts.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
971,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,460,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of whole plant used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 460"
972,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of roots or whole plant taken for bad stomach cramps.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
973,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of flowers taken in small quantities for influenza.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
974,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Leaves and roots rubbed on broken bones.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
975,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction of plant used as a wash for any kind of sickness.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
976,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction of whole plant taken for any sickness.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
977,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of leaves given to children for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
978,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,55,p52,40,2,Drug,114,Snake Bite Remedy,Decoction of plant used as a wash for insect or snake bites.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
979,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,460,2,Drug,114,Snake Bite Remedy,Decoction of whole plant used as a wash for snakebites.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 460"
980,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,33,steed28,460,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of whole plant taken as a tonic 'for slight indisposition.',"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 460"
981,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,55,p52,40,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of whole plant taken as a tonic.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
982,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Mashed root placed over a tooth for toothache.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
983,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,,,Roots and stems considered 'a good medicine.',"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
984,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Infusion of flowers taken in small quantities for bladder trouble.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
985,38,Achillea millefolium L.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,166,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Root used for venereal disease.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
986,38,Achillea millefolium L.,272,Ute,142,c09,32,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of plant applied externally to bruises.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 32"
987,38,Achillea millefolium L.,272,Ute,142,c09,32,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of plant taken for cases of sickness.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 32"
988,38,Achillea millefolium L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,134,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of herb used as a wash for swellings.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134"
989,38,Achillea millefolium L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,134,2,Drug,156,Ear Medicine,Wad of leaves or infusion put into ear for earache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134"
990,38,Achillea millefolium L.,287,Yuki,69,c57ii,47,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for cold in the chest.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 47"
991,38,Achillea millefolium L.,287,Yuki,69,c57ii,47,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion of leaves and flowers taken for cold in the chest.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 47"
992,39,Achillea millefolium var. arenicola (Heller) Nobs,202,"Pomo, Kashaya",40,gl80,120,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Mashed leaf juice used as a salve on sores.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 120"
993,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,426,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of leaves taken for pains in stomach, throat, chest and muscles.","Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426"
994,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,426,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Infusion of leaves taken for colds, stomach pains and throat pains.","Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426"
995,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,426,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of leaves taken for stomach pains and throat pains.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426"
996,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,426,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Leaves used as a coagulant for cuts and stuffed into nostrils for nosebleeds.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426"
997,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,426,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,"Infusion of leaves taken for stomach pains, throat pains and colds.","Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426"
998,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,426,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken for consumption in post-Russian era.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 426"
999,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,25,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant used as a wash for sores.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 25"
1000,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,25,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of heated leaves applied to wounds to prevent swelling.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 25"
1001,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,25,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of plant taken for stomach aches.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 25"
1002,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,50,Costanoan,16,b84,25,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Heated leaves held in the mouth for toothaches.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 25"
1003,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,2,Drug,,,Infusion of dried plants used for medicinal purposes.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
1004,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,74,"Eskimo, Nunivak",94,s73,325,2,Drug,,,Infusion of dried plants used for its medicinal qualities.,"Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 325"
1005,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,121,Kwakiutl,148,b66,381,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed or soaked and heated plant applied to swellings and sores.,"Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 381"
1006,41,Achillea millefolium var. californica (Pollard) Jepson,289,Yurok,70,b81,15,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,"Used to wash or steam aching, sore eyes.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15"
1007,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,27,Carrier,134,c73,85,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of leaves and stems used as a bath for rheumatism.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 85"
1008,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,27,Carrier,134,c73,85,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Crushed roots placed in the tooth for toothaches.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 85"
1009,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,189,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,Infusion of green or dried leaves taken for slight nausea.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 189"
1010,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,189,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of green or dried leaves taken for colds.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 189"
1011,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,189,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,"Infusion of dried, pounded plant taken for coughs.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 189"
1012,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,189,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,"Infusion of dried, pounded plant taken for tickling in the throat.","Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 189"
1013,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,22,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,"Flowers & wild mint flowers wrapped in a cloth, dipped in water & used to remove teething gum pus.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 22"
1014,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,22,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Decoction of roots and other herbs taken for teething related sickness.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 22"
1015,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,22,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,"Flowers & wild mint flowers wrapped in a cloth, dipped in water & used to remove teething gum pus.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 22"
1016,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,80,Great Basin Indian,139,n66,50,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of crushed, fresh plant applied to sores.","Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 50"
1017,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,80,Great Basin Indian,139,n66,50,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of plant taken as a mild laxative.,"Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 50"
1019,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,106,Kawaiisu,60,z81,9,2,Drug,114,Snake Bite Remedy,"Dried, crushed and powdered leaves applied to snake bite wounds.","Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 9"
1020,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,210,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of stem and leaves used as a wash for 'place on the body that is ailing.',"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 210"
1021,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,210,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of leaves and blossoms taken for fever.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 210"
1022,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,210,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of leaves and blossoms taken for ague.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 210"
1023,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Infusion of herb used as a cathartic.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
1024,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plant used as a wash for cuts and saddle sores.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
1025,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Plant used in a 'life medicine for impaired vitality.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
1026,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Plant used in a tonic.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
1027,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,44,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches caused by weak or sore eyes.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 44"
1028,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,44,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Plant used in lotion for sore eyes caused from wearing ceremonial masks.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 44"
1029,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,44,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Plant used as a fever medicine.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 44"
1030,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,47,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used as a ceremonial emetic.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 47"
1031,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,47,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Plant used as a ceremonial emetic.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 47"
1032,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,362,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Compound containing flowering heads smoked for ceremonial purposes.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 362"
1033,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,362,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to spider bite.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 362"
1036,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Crushed green plant smelled for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1037,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1038,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for gas pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1039,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of boiled, whole plant applied to pains or sores.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1040,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of fresh, mashed and boiled leaves applied to sprained ankle pains.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
1041,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of fresh, mashed leaves dampened with water applied with a cloth to tired, aching feet.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
1042,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of mashed leaves applied as a compress for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1043,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of plant used as a liniment or wash for sores or rashes.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1044,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of plant taken as a blood tonic after childbirth.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1045,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Root chewed for colds.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1046,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of leaves taken as a cough medicine.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
1047,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant used as a liniment or wash for sores or rashes.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1048,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of boiled, whole plant applied to sores.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1049,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed leaves applied to swellings or sores.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1050,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of mashed, green plant applied to swellings.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1051,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Infusion of yarrow taken as an emetic for tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
1052,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Strained decoction of leaves used as drops for sore eyes.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1053,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of leaves used as a wash for fevers.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1054,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of root taken for gas pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1055,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of plant taken as a blood tonic after childbirth.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1056,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Decoction of root believed to be good for the kidneys.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1057,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion of yarrow taken as an emetic for respiratory diseases.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
1058,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Green leaves or roots used in various ways for toothaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1059,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,"Poultice of fresh, mashed roots packed around an infected tooth for the pain.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
1060,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,118,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of yarrow taken as an emetic for tuberculosis.,"Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 118"
1061,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Decoction of plant taken for bladder ailments.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1062,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Compound decoction of plant taken for gonorrhea.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1063,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Decoction of plant used to disinfect cuts and saddle sores on horses.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1064,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,183,Paiute,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Poultice of boiled leaves applied to collar sores on horses.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1065,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,225,Sanpoil,44,r32,218,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Decoction of stems and leaves used to cause abortion.,"Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem:  Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 218"
1066,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,225,Sanpoil,44,r32,218,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of root boiled until dark in color and taken while warm for colds.,"Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem:  Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 218"
1067,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Crushed green plant smelled for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1068,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of flower taken for stomachaches and used as a liniment for muscular pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1069,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for headaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1070,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of boiled, whole plant applied to pains or sores.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1071,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,95,Anesthetic,Poultice of fresh roots applied to deaden pain so wound could be opened.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1072,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,95,Anesthetic,"Poultice of mashed, fresh roots applied as an anesthetic to painful wounds.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1073,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of plant taken for diarrhea.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1074,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,Decoction of plant taken for upset stomach.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1075,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of plant used as a liniment or wash for sores or rashes.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1076,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,111,m90,45,2,Drug,119,Carminative,Infusion of roots taken for gas pains.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 45"
1077,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of plant taken for colds.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1078,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of flower used as a wash for itching.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1079,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant used as a liniment or wash for sores or rashes.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1080,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of root used as a preliminary soak to help extract splinters.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1081,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of boiled, whole plant applied to sores.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1082,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of fresh roots applied to deaden pain so wound could be opened.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1083,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed leaves applied to swellings or sores.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1084,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,111,m90,43,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of whole plant applied for felon (an abscess or boil).,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 43"
1085,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of flowers taken for stomachaches or indigestion.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1086,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of leaves taken for colic or dyspepsia.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1087,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Decoction of flowers used as a liniment for muscular pains.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1088,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,232,Shoshoni,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Green leaves or roots used in various ways for toothaches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1089,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,276,Washo,12,tha41,31-33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed leaves applied to swellings or sores.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1090,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,291,Zuni,6,s15,42,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Blossoms and root chewed and juice applied before fire-eating or -walking.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 42"
1091,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,291,Zuni,6,s15,42,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of pulverized plant mixed with water applied to burns.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 42"
1092,43,Achillea sibirica Ledeb.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Poultice of chewed roots applied to gum sores.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
1093,43,Achillea sibirica Ledeb.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of roots and other herbs taken for teething related sickness.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
1094,43,Achillea sibirica Ledeb.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Decoction of roots and other herbs taken for teething related sickness.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
1096,44,Achillea sp.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Fresh, crushed flower inserted into the nostril for headaches.","Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
1097,44,Achillea sp.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of a flower applied to burn pains.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
1098,44,Achillea sp.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,23,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Poultice of chewed roots applied to toothaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 23"
1100,44,Achillea sp.,140,Mewuk,109,m66,366,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of bruised leaves applied to cuts and wounds.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 366"
1101,44,Achillea sp.,140,Mewuk,109,m66,366,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of leaves used for stomach distress.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 366"
1102,44,Achillea sp.,140,Mewuk,109,m66,366,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Infusion of leaves used for lung distress.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 366"
1103,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,31,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1104,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,129,Lummi,25,g73,31,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1105,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,129,Lummi,25,g73,31,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Infusion of smashed plants taken as an emetic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1106,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,183,Paiute,98,m53,73,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,"Strained infusion of dried, shredded roots used as a wash for cataracts.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 73"
1108,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1109,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1110,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,186,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Decoction of roots used as a delousing wash for sheep.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 186"
1158,49,Aconitum columbianum Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered highly poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
1159,49,Aconitum columbianum Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Used for witchcraft.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
1160,50,Aconitum delphiniifolium DC.,72,"Eskimo, Inupiat",54,j83,140,2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots considered poisonous.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 140"
1161,50,Aconitum delphiniifolium DC.,216,Salish,144,teit28,294,2,Drug,,,Plant used as a medicine.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 294"
1162,51,Aconitum fischeri,79,Gosiute,38,c11,360,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"
1163,52,Aconitum heterophyllum,56,"Cree, Hudson Bay",83,h84,303,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303"
1164,53,Aconitum maximum Pallas ex DC.,5,Aleut,130,bt53,428,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant possibly used at one time as a poison.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 428"
1165,54,Aconitum sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,2,Drug,13,Poison,Used for fish and whale poison.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
1166,54,Aconitum sp.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,34,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Roots used for fevers.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 34"
1167,54,Aconitum sp.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,34,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 34"
1168,54,Aconitum sp.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,34,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Roots used for acute respiratory infections.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 34"
1169,54,Aconitum sp.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,34,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Roots used for acute throat  infections.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 34"
1170,55,Acorus calamus L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,175,2,Drug,119,Carminative,Decoction of roots taken for stomach gas.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 175"
1171,55,Acorus calamus L.,1,Abnaki,84,r47,154,2,Drug,119,Carminative,Used for stomach gases.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154"
1173,55,Acorus calamus L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,135,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of ground roots taken for colds.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 135"
1174,55,Acorus calamus L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,135,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of ground roots and choke cherry taken for coughs.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 135"
1175,55,Acorus calamus L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,135,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of ground roots taken after childbirth and for symptoms of menopause.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 135"
1176,55,Acorus calamus L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,135,2,Drug,104,Heart Medicine,Infusion of ground roots and pepperroot taken for heart disease.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 135"
1177,55,Acorus calamus L.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,135,2,Drug,137,Preventive Medicine,Carried on the person in order to avoid contracting a disease.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 135"
1178,55,Acorus calamus L.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,23,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Rootstock ground, mixed with tobacco and smoked inhaled for headaches.","Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
1179,55,Acorus calamus L.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Poultice of crushed rootstocks and hot water applied for cramps.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
1180,55,Acorus calamus L.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,23,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Poultice of crushed rootstocks and hot water applied to sore chests.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
1181,55,Acorus calamus L.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,23,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Poultice of crushed rootstocks and hot water applied to sore throats.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
1182,55,Acorus calamus L.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,23,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Poultice of crushed rootstocks and hot water applied to toothaches.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
1184,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root chewed for headache.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1185,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,16,Anthelmintic,Used for worms.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1186,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Infusion given to 'prevent recurrent spasms.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1187,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Root chewed and juice swallowed for diarrhea.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1188,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,119,Carminative,Used for flatulent colic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1189,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Root variously chewed or used in infusion for colds.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1190,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Used for 'white swelling.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1191,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Used as a diaphoretic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1192,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Used as a diuretic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1193,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,'Possesses stimulant and stomachic virtues' and used for 'gravel.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1194,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Used for yellowish urine and 'dropsy.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1195,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,'Possesses stimulant and stomachic virtues' and used for 'gravel.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1196,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Root chewed for sore throat.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1197,55,Acorus calamus L.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,28,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,"Used for flatulent colic, 'white swelling,' worms, yellowish urine and 'gravel.'","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
1198,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,13,g05,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for bowel pain.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 42"
1199,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,171,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for bowel pain.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171"
1200,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,7,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant smoked for headaches.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 7"
1201,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,7,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used in a sweat lodge ceremony.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 7"
1202,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,7,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Plant smoked or infusion of roots taken for colds.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 7"
1203,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,7,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of roots taken as a diuretic.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 7"
1204,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,13,g05,42,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of root taken for bowel pain.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 42"
1205,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,7,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of roots taken as a laxative.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 7"
1206,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,13,g05,42,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Chewed root rubbed on skin for any illness.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 42"
1207,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,171,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Root chewed and rubbed on the skin for any illness.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171"
1208,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,13,g05,42,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Bit of root tied to child's clothing to keep the night spirits away.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 42"
1209,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,171,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Root tied to child's dress or blanket to keep away the night spirits.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171"
1210,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,13,g05,42,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Bit of root tied to clothes to keep night spirits away from children.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 42"
1211,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,7,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Plant used to ward off ghosts.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 7"
1212,55,Acorus calamus L.,33,Cheyenne,39,g72,171,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Root tied to child's dress or blanket to keep away the night spirits.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171"
1215,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Warm infusion of root taken as a physic by children and adults.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
1216,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,340,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of root taken or snuff of pulverized root used for colds.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 340"
1217,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,124,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of plants taken for colds.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 124"
1218,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,124,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of plants taken for coughs.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 124"
1219,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,376,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,Decoction of roots used on fish nets as a charm.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 376"
1220,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,342,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of root taken and dried root chewed by children for toothache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342"
1221,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,342,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of root used by children as a gargle for sore throat.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342"
1222,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,344,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of root taken by children and adults as a physic.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344"
1223,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,124,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion of plants taken for bronchial troubles.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 124"
1224,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,342,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of root gargled by children and root chewed by adults for sore throat.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342"
1225,55,Acorus calamus L.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,342,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,"Decoction of root taken or root chewed, especially by children, for toothache.","Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342"
1228,55,Acorus calamus L.,54,Cree,146,j87,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Rootstock ground, mixed with water and taken for an upset stomach.","Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
1229,55,Acorus calamus L.,54,Cree,146,j87,23,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,"Rootstock peeled, chewed and liquid swallowed for sore throats.","Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
1230,55,Acorus calamus L.,55,"Cree, Alberta",94,s73,331,2,Drug,153,Hallucinogen,Root chewed for the hallucinogenic effects.,"Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 331"
1231,55,Acorus calamus L.,55,"Cree, Alberta",94,s73,331,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Root chewed for the stimulant effects.,"Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 331"
1232,55,Acorus calamus L.,55,"Cree, Alberta",94,s73,331,2,Drug,,,Root chewed for the medicinal effects.,"Smith, G. Warren, 1973, Arctic Pharmacognosia, Arctic 26:324-333, page 331"
1233,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,149,Adjuvant,Roots added to any decoction to improve medicinal action.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1234,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of powdered roots and yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied for headaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1235,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Decoction of rootstocks used for coughing up blood.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1236,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of powdered roots & yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied to painful joints.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1237,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of powdered roots and yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied for muscle pain.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1238,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of powdered roots and yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied for rheumatism.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1239,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Rootstocks used for sore muscles and rheumatic pains.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1240,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Dried rootstock chewed for colds.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1241,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Roots smoked in a pipe for colds.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1242,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Rootstock chewed to prevent getting a cold after sweating during the winter.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1243,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Dried rootstock chewed for coughs.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1244,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Rootstock chewed for coughs from colds.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1245,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of rootstocks used for rash from touching nettles or other irritating plants.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1246,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed rootstock applied to cuts.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1247,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of powdered roots and yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied to flesh worms.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1248,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,156,Ear Medicine,Poultice of water softened rootstock applied to the ear for earaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1249,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Rootstocks used for severe chill.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1250,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Grated rootstocks in water taken for stomachaches.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1251,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Rootstocks used for upset stomachs.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1252,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Poultice of chewed rootstock applied as a styptic.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1253,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Decoction of rootstocks used for lower back pains.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1254,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of powdered roots & yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied to limb swellings.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1255,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Rootstock used for facial paralysis.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1256,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Grated rootstocks used as an ingredient in a many herb remedy for various ailments.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1257,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of rootstocks used for sickness related to teething.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1258,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of rootstocks used for stabbing pains in the chest.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1259,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of rootstocks used for whooping cough.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1260,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of rootstocks used for sore throats.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1261,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Dried rootstock chewed for sore throats.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1262,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Decoction of rootstocks used for sickness related to teething.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1263,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Poultice of chewed rootstock applied to aching teeth.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1264,55,Acorus calamus L.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,24,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of rootstocks used for venereal disease.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1265,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,91,g13i,359,2,Drug,119,Carminative,Dried roots taken as a carminative.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 359"
1266,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,119,Carminative,Plant used as a carminative and decoction taken for fever.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1267,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Blades of grass used as garlands in mystery ceremonies.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1268,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Rootstock chewed, decoction taken or smoke treatment used for colds.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1269,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Rootstock chewed as a cough remedy.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1270,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of plant taken for fever.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1271,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of pounded rootstock taken for colic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1272,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,20,Panacea,Rootstock regarded as a panacea.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1273,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,60,Psychological Aid,Paste of rootstock rubbed on warrior's face to prevent excitement and fear.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1274,55,Acorus calamus L.,61,Dakota,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Rootstock chewed for toothache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1276,55,Acorus calamus L.,62,Delaware,97,t72,37,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of roots used for suppressed menses.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 37"
1277,55,Acorus calamus L.,62,Delaware,97,t72,37,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots used for colds.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 37"
1278,55,Acorus calamus L.,62,Delaware,97,t72,37,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of roots used for coughs.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 37"
1279,55,Acorus calamus L.,62,Delaware,97,t72,37,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Roots used with sassafras roots for intestinal pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 37"
1280,55,Acorus calamus L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 74",2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound containing root taken for suppressed menses.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 74"
1281,55,Acorus calamus L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 74",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound containing root used for stomachache and intestinal pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 74"
1282,55,Acorus calamus L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,"31, 74",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Compound containing root taken for colds.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 74"
1283,55,Acorus calamus L.,63,"Delaware, Oklahoma",22,t42,31,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,"Infusion of root taken for coughs, colds and suppressed menses.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31"
1284,55,Acorus calamus L.,64,"Delaware, Ontario",22,t42,31,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of scraped root taken for colds.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31"
1285,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,279,2,Drug,16,Anthelmintic,Compound infusion of roots taken for tape worms.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 279"
1286,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,279,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Compound infusion of roots taken as a blood remedy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 279"
1287,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,70,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of plant and another plant given to children with poor blood circulation.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 70"
1288,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,279,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Used for colds and sore throats from colds or singing.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 279"
1289,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,278,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Compound decoction taken for 'boils around the abdomen of children.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 278"
1290,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,279,2,Drug,156,Ear Medicine,Decoction of roots used as drops in ear for earache.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 279"
1291,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,278,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Compound decoction of plant taken by women as an emetic for epilepsy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 278"
1292,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,70,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Powdered roots and cold water taken when feeling bad after eating meals.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 70"
1293,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,70,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of powdered roots taken for grippe with chills.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 70"
1294,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,278,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Compound decoction taken for 'boils around the abdomen of children.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 278"
1295,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,70,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of plant and another plant given to children with poor blood circulation.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 70"
1296,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,70,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of roots and another plant given to children who scream during the night.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 70"
1297,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,70,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion of roots and roots from another plant used for hard respiration from lower chest pains.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 70"
1298,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,279,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of roots used as gargle for sore throat.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 279"
1299,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,278,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Root packed into hole of aching tooth to break up the tooth.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 278"
1300,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,278,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Roots smoked and the smoke sucked into hollow tooth for toothache.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 278"
1301,55,Acorus calamus L.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,278,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Used for the detection of bewitchment.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 278"
1302,55,Acorus calamus L.,125,Lakota,156,k90,48,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Roots chewed for coughs.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
1303,55,Acorus calamus L.,125,Lakota,156,k90,48,2,Drug,184,Hypotensive,Infusion of roots taken for high blood pressure.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
1304,55,Acorus calamus L.,125,Lakota,156,k90,48,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for diabetes.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
1305,55,Acorus calamus L.,125,Lakota,108,r80,26,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Infusion of pulverized roots and gun powder taken for arm and leg cramps.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 26"
1306,55,Acorus calamus L.,125,Lakota,156,k90,48,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Roots chewed for sore throat.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
1307,55,Acorus calamus L.,125,Lakota,156,k90,48,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Roots chewed for toothache.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
1309,55,Acorus calamus L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,249,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of one root used for colds.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 249"
1310,55,Acorus calamus L.,134,Malecite,93,mech59,249,2,Drug,137,Preventive Medicine,Roots chewed to prevent disease.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 249"
1311,55,Acorus calamus L.,134,Malecite,78,sd52,6,2,Drug,,,Used for medicines.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
1312,55,Acorus calamus L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of root used for irregular periods.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
1313,55,Acorus calamus L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,"22, 23",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Root, a very powerful remedy, used for stomach cramps.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 22, 23"
1314,55,Acorus calamus L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,"22, 23",2,Drug,29,Cathartic,"Root used as a 'good physic for the whole system, clearing the bile and all.'","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 22, 23"
1315,55,Acorus calamus L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Root chewed or decoction of root used as cold remedy.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
1316,55,Acorus calamus L.,138,Menominee,51,s23,"22, 23",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Root used for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 22, 23"
1317,55,Acorus calamus L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,202,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for 'a cramp expected in the stomach.',"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 202"
1318,55,Acorus calamus L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,201202,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Compound used for burns.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 201202"
1319,55,Acorus calamus L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,201202,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Plant used as a physic.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 201202"
1320,55,Acorus calamus L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,202,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of root taken for cough.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 202"
1321,55,Acorus calamus L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,202,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of root taken for 'a cramp expected in the stomach.',"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 202"
1322,55,Acorus calamus L.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,202,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of root taken for tuberculosis.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 202"
1323,55,Acorus calamus L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,"53, 54",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Root used for colds.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53, 54"
1324,55,Acorus calamus L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,"53, 54",2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Root used for coughs.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53, 54"
1325,55,Acorus calamus L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,"53, 54",2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,"Root used for cholera, smallpox and other epidemics.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53, 54"
1326,55,Acorus calamus L.,141,Micmac,103,s17,316,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Plant used as a panacea.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 316"
1327,55,Acorus calamus L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,"53, 54",2,Drug,20,Panacea,Root and herb used for the prevention of disease in general and root used for disease in general.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53, 54"
1328,55,Acorus calamus L.,141,Micmac,35,cfh79,"53, 54",2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,"Root used for lung ailments, pneumonia and pleurisy.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53, 54"
1329,55,Acorus calamus L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,2,Drug,,,Roots chewed for medicinal use.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
1331,55,Acorus calamus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of root taken for suppressed menses.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
1332,55,Acorus calamus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root taken for stomach pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
1333,55,Acorus calamus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,128,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Small pieces of root used for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 128"
1334,55,Acorus calamus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of root taken for colds.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
1335,55,Acorus calamus L.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,20,Panacea,Root chewed to insure good health and root carried to 'ward off sickness.',"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
1336,55,Acorus calamus L.,149,Mohegan,110,tan28,266,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Complex compound infusion including sweetflag root taken as spring tonic.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266"
1337,55,Acorus calamus L.,154,Nanticoke,22,t42,55,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of root given to infants for colds.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 55"
1338,55,Acorus calamus L.,154,Nanticoke,22,t42,"55, 84",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Root used as colic medicine.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 55, 84"
1339,55,Acorus calamus L.,154,Nanticoke,22,t42,55,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of root given to infants for colds.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 55"
1340,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,355,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 355"
1341,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,355,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Root used as a quick acting physic.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 355"
1342,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,355,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Root used for cold in the throat.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 355"
1343,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,355,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Root used for stomach cramps.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 355"
1344,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,135,ahj81,2247,2,Drug,104,Heart Medicine,Used as a heart stimulant.,"Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2247"
1345,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,428,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,Root and sarsaparilla root made into tea and used on gill nets to bring a fine catch of white fish.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 428"
1346,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,135,ahj81,2247,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Root chewed for sore throat.,"Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2247"
1347,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,355,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Root used for 'a cold in the throat.',"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 355"
1348,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,135,ahj81,2309,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Roots chewed for sore throat.,"Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2309"
1349,55,Acorus calamus L.,173,Ojibwa,135,ahj81,2247,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Used to make a throat tonic for singers.,"Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2247"
1350,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,119,Carminative,Plant used as a carminative and decoction taken for fever.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1351,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,334,2,Drug,119,Carminative,Plant used as a carminative.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 334"
1352,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Blades of grass used as garlands in mystery ceremonies.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1353,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Rootstock chewed, decoction taken or smoke treatment used for colds.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1354,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Rootstock chewed as a cough remedy.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1355,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of plant taken for fever.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1356,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of pounded rootstock taken for colic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1357,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,124,ff11,584,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Root chewed for stomach disorders.,"Fletcher, Alice C. and Francis La Flesche, 1911, The Omaha Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #27, page 584"
1358,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,20,Panacea,Rootstock regarded as a panacea.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1359,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,154,g13ii,334,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Rootstock chewed as a tonic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 334"
1360,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Rootstock chewed for toothache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1361,55,Acorus calamus L.,177,Omaha,124,ff11,584,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Plant put into the feed of ailing horses.,"Fletcher, Alice C. and Francis La Flesche, 1911, The Omaha Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #27, page 584"
1363,55,Acorus calamus L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,119,Carminative,Plant used as a carminative and decoction taken for fever.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1364,55,Acorus calamus L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Blades of grass used as garlands in mystery ceremonies.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1365,55,Acorus calamus L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Rootstock chewed, decoction taken or smoke treatment used for colds.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1366,55,Acorus calamus L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Rootstock chewed as a cough remedy.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1367,55,Acorus calamus L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of plant taken for fever.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1368,55,Acorus calamus L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of pounded rootstock taken for colic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1369,55,Acorus calamus L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,20,Panacea,Rootstock regarded as a panacea.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1370,55,Acorus calamus L.,190,Pawnee,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Rootstock chewed for toothache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1371,55,Acorus calamus L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,119,Carminative,Plant used as a carminative.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1372,55,Acorus calamus L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Blades of grass used as garlands in mystery ceremonies.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1373,55,Acorus calamus L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Rootstock chewed, decoction taken or smoke treatment used for colds.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1374,55,Acorus calamus L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Rootstock chewed as a cough remedy.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1375,55,Acorus calamus L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction taken for fever.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1376,55,Acorus calamus L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of pounded rootstock taken for colic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1377,55,Acorus calamus L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,20,Panacea,Rootstock regarded as a panacea.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1378,55,Acorus calamus L.,205,Ponca,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Rootstock chewed for toothache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1379,55,Acorus calamus L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,"39, 40",2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Compound decoction of small amount of root taken for hemorrhage.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 39, 40"
1380,55,Acorus calamus L.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,"39, 40",2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Powdered root snuffed up nose for catarrh.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 39, 40"
1381,55,Acorus calamus L.,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,29,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Chewed plant juice taken by older people for the stomach.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 29"
1382,55,Acorus calamus L.,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,30,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion given to children and babies for pains and stomach cramps.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30"
1383,55,Acorus calamus L.,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,30,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,"Infusion given to children and babies for fretfulness, pains and stomach cramps.","Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30"
1384,55,Acorus calamus L.,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,30,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Infusion given to children and babies for fretfulness.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30"
1385,55,Acorus calamus L.,211,Rappahannock,102,shc42,29,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Chewed plant juice taken by older people as a tonic.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 29"
1386,55,Acorus calamus L.,231,Shinnecock,62,cw45,118,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Root nibbled 'to dry your blood.',"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 118"
1387,55,Acorus calamus L.,231,Shinnecock,62,cw45,118,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,"Root dried, cooked in sugar and eaten for the breath.","Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 118"
1388,55,Acorus calamus L.,239,"Sioux, Fort Peck",73,b05,5,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used to cause abortion.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
1389,55,Acorus calamus L.,239,"Sioux, Fort Peck",73,b05,5,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Root chewed and swallowed as a 'cure-all.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
1390,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,119,Carminative,Plant used as a carminative and decoction taken for fever.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1391,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Blades of grass used as garlands in mystery ceremonies.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1392,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Rootstock chewed, decoction taken or smoke treatment used for colds.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1393,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Rootstock chewed as a cough remedy.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1394,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of plant taken for fever.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1395,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of pounded rootstock taken for colic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1396,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,20,Panacea,Rootstock regarded as a panacea.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1397,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,203,r23,265,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Complex compound injected via bird wing bone for general health.,"Radin, Paul, 1923, The Winnebago Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #37, page 265"
1398,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,17,g19,"69, 70",2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Rootstock chewed for toothache.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69, 70"
1399,56,Acourtia microcephala DC.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Decoction of plant taken to produce 'a very quick passage of the bowels.',"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
1400,57,Acourtia wrightii (Gray) Reveal & King,97,Hualapai,127,w82,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of wooly 'cotton' applied to open, bleeding wounds.","Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 49"
1401,57,Acourtia wrightii (Gray) Reveal & King,158,"Navajo, Kayenta",106,wh51,49,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,"Plant used for difficult labor, a postpartum medicine.","Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 49"
1402,57,Acourtia wrightii (Gray) Reveal & King,193,Pima,104,r08,80,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Plant used as a styptic.,"Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 80"
1403,58,Acrostichum danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch.,228,Seminole,88,s54,202,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of plant taken and rubbed on the body for high fevers.,"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 202"
1405,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,275,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of root used for colds and coughs.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 275"
1406,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,23,Blackfoot,42,m09,275,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of root used for coughs and colds.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 275"
1407,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of root used for itch.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
1408,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Infusion given 'to relieve and rally a patient at point of death.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
1409,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of root used as a gargle.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
1410,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,55,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,'Will kill teeth of young people if not careful with it.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 55"
1411,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,130,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Decoction of roots taken by children and adults for convulsions.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 130"
1412,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,130,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of roots taken by children and adults for convulsions.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 130"
1413,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,321,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Decoction of roots taken when 'a man urinates blood.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 321"
1414,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,237238,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for childbirth pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 237238"
1415,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,237238,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of root taken for childbirth pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 237238"
1416,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,237238,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Root used to revive and rally a patient at the point of death.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 237238"
1417,59,Actaea pachypoda Ell.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,237238,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Used as a genito-urinary remedy for men and women.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 237238"
1418,60,Actaea racemosa var. racemosa,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,30,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used to stimulate menstruation.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"
1419,60,Actaea racemosa var. racemosa,32,Cherokee,105,w47,"73, 74",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of root 'in spirits' used for rheumatic pains.,"Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 73, 74"
1420,60,Actaea racemosa var. racemosa,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,30,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Used as an anodyne.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"