id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
253,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,60,Crow,73,b05,5,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Young twigs and leaves burned as incense in certain ceremonies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
254,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,2,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of crushed needles taken for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
255,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,2,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of crushed needles taken for coughs.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
256,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,2,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of crushed needles used for constipation.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
795,38,Achillea millefolium L.,60,Crow,30,h92,6,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of plant used for burns.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
796,38,Achillea millefolium L.,60,Crow,30,h92,6,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of plant used for boils and open sores.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
2952,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,60,Crow,30,h92,9,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Wood used for tipi stakes and closure pins.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9"
4568,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,60,Crow,30,h92,40,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Leaves pulverized and powder used for canker sores of the mouth.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 40"
5124,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,60,Crow,30,h92,45,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of stems and leaves used as an eyewash for snowblindness.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 45"
5125,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,60,Crow,30,h92,45,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Poultice of leaves used for the eyes.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 45"
5371,399,Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,44,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion used as an astringent for eczema.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 44"
5372,399,Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,44,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion used for underarm and foot perspiration and odor.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 44"
5373,399,Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,44,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Salve of plants and neck fat used for sores.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 44"
5374,399,Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,44,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plants used extensively in ceremonies.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 44"
6212,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,60,Crow,30,h92,66,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Flowers boiled with soup or meat, flour added and eaten as a gravy.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 66"
6213,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,60,Crow,73,b05,7,1,Food,,,Flowers boiled for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
6214,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,60,Crow,73,b05,7,1,Food,,,Seeds eaten raw.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
6215,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,60,Crow,30,h92,66,3,Other,26,Paint,Milky juice used for temporary branding of livestock.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 66"
8543,800,Catabrosa aquatica (L.) Beauv.,60,Crow,73,b05,12,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Burned as incense during certain ceremonies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
8544,800,Catabrosa aquatica (L.) Beauv.,60,Crow,73,b05,12,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
11035,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,60,Crow,30,h92,21,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Branches used to make tipi stakes and pins.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21"
11036,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,60,Crow,30,h92,21,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Branches used to make drumsticks.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21"
11037,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,60,Crow,30,h92,21,3,Other,17,Tools,Branches used to make forks for sweatlodge rocks.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21"
12846,1350,Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,38,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Roots chewed and used for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 38"
12847,1350,Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,38,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of roots taken for colic.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 38"
12848,1350,Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.,60,Crow,30,h92,38,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Roots chewed for toothache.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 38"
13356,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,60,Crow,30,h92,58,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice used for bladder and prostate pains.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 58"
13357,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,60,Crow,30,h92,58,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of stems used as a diuretic.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 58"
14395,1570,Escobaria missouriensis var. missouriensis,60,Crow,73,b05,15,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Red, ripe fruit eaten.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
16018,1755,Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br.,60,Crow,73,b05,12,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Burned as incense during certain ceremonies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
16019,1755,Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br.,60,Crow,73,b05,12,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
16216,1780,Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal,60,Crow,30,h92,32,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Taken for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 32"
16217,1780,Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal,60,Crow,30,h92,32,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Taken for coughs.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 32"
16218,1780,Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal,60,Crow,30,h92,32,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Taken for whooping cough and pneumonia.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 32"
16219,1780,Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal,60,Crow,30,h92,32,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion sniffed up the nose for catarrh.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 32"
16220,1780,Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal,60,Crow,30,h92,32,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Taken for bronchitis and asthma.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 32"
18598,2057,Juniperus horizontalis Moench,60,Crow,73,b05,13,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Young twigs and leaves burned as incense during incantations.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13"
18967,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,60,Crow,30,h92,36,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion taken for diarrhea.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"
18968,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,60,Crow,30,h92,36,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Infusion taken for lung or nose hemorrhages.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"
18969,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,60,Crow,30,h92,36,2,Drug,165,Dietary Aid,Fleshy cones chewed to increase the appetite.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"
18970,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,60,Crow,30,h92,36,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Fleshy cones chewed for upset stomach.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"
18971,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,60,Crow,30,h92,36,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion taken after birth for cleansing and healing.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"
19997,2155,Leucocrinum montanum Nutt. ex Gray,60,Crow,73,b05,14,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
20203,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,24,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Roots chewed for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24"
20204,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,24,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Roots chewed for coughs.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24"
20205,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,24,2,Drug,156,Ear Medicine,Infusion of roots used for earache.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24"
20206,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,24,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Root shavings added to boiling water and steam inhaled for sinus infection and congestion.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24"
20207,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,24,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Root shavings sprinkled on live coals for incense.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24"
20208,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,24,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Root shavings added to tobacco and kinnikinnick and smoked.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24"
20677,2222,Lobelia inflata L.,60,Crow,73,b05,"14, 15",2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Used in religious ceremonies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14, 15"
20943,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,26,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of boiled root shavings used for swellings.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
20944,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,26,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of root shavings mixed with animal fat and used for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
20945,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,26,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Roots chewed and juice used for sore throats.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
20946,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,26,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Root shavings sprinkled on live coals to produce a ceremonial incense.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
20947,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,60,Crow,30,h92,26,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Root shavings sprinkled on live coals to deodorize and purify the air.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
21776,2362,Madia glomerata Hook.,60,Crow,73,b05,15,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Dried herbs burned as incense in some ceremonies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
21777,2362,Madia glomerata Hook.,60,Crow,73,b05,15,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
22489,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,60,Crow,30,h92,23,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Plants dried, crushed and used to line baby cradles.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 23"
23215,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,60,Crow,30,h92,70,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion taken for respiratory problems.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 70"
23216,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,60,Crow,30,h92,70,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,"Plants mixed with other plants and beaver castor oil and used as a hair, body or clothing perfume.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 70"
23433,2523,Morchella sp.,60,Crow,73,b05,16,3,Other,106,Soap,Used as a substitute for soap.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
23552,2550,Musineon divaricatum var. hookeri (Torr. & Gray) Mathias,60,Crow,73,b05,16,1,Food,,,Fleshy root used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
24422,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,60,Crow,73,b05,12,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root mixed with tobacco and smoked for headache.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
24746,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,60,Crow,30,h92,39,5,Dye,105,Mordant,Stems peeled and used to fix color on hides.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 39"
27943,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,60,Crow,30,h92,50,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Pitch used as glue.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 50"
29602,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,60,Crow,30,h92,37,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Logs used to make Sundance lodges.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 37"
30243,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,60,Crow,73,b05,19,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe plums used fresh.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
30244,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,60,Crow,73,b05,19,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Ripe plums dried for winter use.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
30773,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,60,Crow,30,h92,42,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of bark used for diarrhea and dysentery.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30774,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,60,Crow,30,h92,42,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Infusion of bark used for cleansing burns.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30775,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,60,Crow,30,h92,42,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of bark used for cleansing sores.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30776,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,60,Crow,30,h92,42,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Sap mixed with the neck portion of certain animals and used to make a glue.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30777,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,60,Crow,30,h92,42,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Wood used to make tipi stakes and pins.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
34167,3432,Rosa sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,62,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of stems or root bark taken for diarrhea.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62"
34168,3432,Rosa sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,62,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Infusion of crushed roots used for swelling.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62"
34169,3432,Rosa sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,62,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of stems or root bark taken for stomach maladies.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62"
34170,3432,Rosa sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,62,2,Drug,118,Nose Medicine,Vapor from infusion of crushed roots used for nose bleeding.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62"
34171,3432,Rosa sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,62,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Infusion of crushed roots taken for mouth bleeding.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62"
34172,3432,Rosa sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,62,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of crushed roots taken for tonsillitis and sore throat.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62"
36165,3551,Salix sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,67,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Bark chewed for headache.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36166,3551,Salix sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,67,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Stem tips formerly chewed as an emetic.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36167,3551,Salix sp.,60,Crow,30,h92,67,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Bark chewed for tooth hygiene.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
39047,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,60,Crow,30,h92,59,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Decoction of crushed roots used for horses failing to void.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 59"
43481,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,60,Crow,73,b05,26,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruit eaten dried.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 26"
43482,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,60,Crow,73,b05,26,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 26"