id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
353,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,157,Navajo,141,h56,158,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for boils.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 158"
354,10,Abronia fragrans Nutt. ex Hook.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant taken to 'remove the effects of swallowing a spider.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
558,27,Acer negundo L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make tubes for bellows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
1024,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plant used as a wash for cuts and saddle sores.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
1025,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Plant used in a 'life medicine for impaired vitality.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
1026,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Plant used in a tonic.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
1135,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,157,Navajo,74,e44,26,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Ground seeds made into cakes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26"
1136,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds ground and made into bread and dumplings.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
1137,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,1,Food,50,Fodder,Plant used as a fodder for both wild and domesticated animals.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
1138,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used as a forage for both wild and domesticated animals.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
1139,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds ground and made into gruel.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
1140,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,1,Food,75,Staple,Ground seeds used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
1141,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,157,Navajo,19,c35,27,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 27"
1853,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Plant fibers used to make rope.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1854,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,27,Beverage,Juice squeezed from baked fibers and drunk.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1855,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Heads baked or boiled, pounded into flat sheets, sun dried and stored for future use.","Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1856,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Dried, baked heads boiled and made into a 'paste.'","Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1857,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,56,Soup,"Dried, baked heads boiled and made into soup.","Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1858,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,,,Heads baked and eaten.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1859,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,,,Leaves boiled and eaten.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1860,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,,,Young and tender flowering stalks and shoots roasted and eaten.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1861,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,91,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to line the baking pits.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 91"
1862,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,3,Other,17,Tools,Sharp pointed leaf tips used to make basketry awls.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1870,97,Agave utahensis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fibers used to make blankets.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
2089,140,Allium cepa L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,31,1,Food,,,"Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, and eaten immediately.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31"
2090,140,Allium cepa L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,31,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31"
2140,141,Allium cernuum Roth,157,Navajo,121,l86,29,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Bulbs used to make gravies.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29"
2141,141,Allium cernuum Roth,157,Navajo,121,l86,29,1,Food,56,Soup,Bulbs used to make soup.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29"
2142,141,Allium cernuum Roth,157,Navajo,121,l86,29,1,Food,86,Spice,Leaves finely chopped and used like chives in salads or sauces.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29"
2143,141,Allium cernuum Roth,157,Navajo,74,e44,31,1,Food,,,"Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, and eaten immediately.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31"
2144,141,Allium cernuum Roth,157,Navajo,121,l86,29,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Bulbs cooked with other vegetables.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29"
2145,141,Allium cernuum Roth,157,Navajo,121,l86,29,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Roasted bulbs eaten with salt and pepper.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29"
2146,141,Allium cernuum Roth,157,Navajo,74,e44,31,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31"
2198,151,Allium macropetalum Rydb.,157,Navajo,19,c35,15,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Bulbs rubbed in hot ashes, dried and stored for winter use.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2199,151,Allium macropetalum Rydb.,157,Navajo,19,c35,15,1,Food,,,Bulbs rubbed in hot ashes and eaten.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2200,151,Allium macropetalum Rydb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,31,1,Food,,,"Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, and eaten immediately.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31"
2201,151,Allium macropetalum Rydb.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Entire plant eaten raw or cooked with meat.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
2202,151,Allium macropetalum Rydb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,31,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31"
2270,160,Allium sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,5,Dye,121,Green,Used for a green dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
2367,168,Alnus incana (L.) Moench,157,Navajo,74,e44,39,5,Dye,136,Red,"Powdered bark used as a reddish dye. A dull reddish dye was made from the alder and several other plants.  The woman first burned some of the twigs of the juniper or spruce then crushed and boiled the root bark of the mountain mahogany.  Only the bark was used because the roots themselves contain no color bearing material.  To this was added the powdered bark of the alder together with a ground lichen.  This was put together and boiled until it was thought to be right, then it was strained and the wool or yarn was soaked in it overnight.  This produced a dull reddish color on wool and a fine tan color on buckskin.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39"
2443,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,157,Navajo,74,e44,39,5,Dye,150,Brown,Bark and twigs used as a brownish dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39"
2444,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,157,Navajo,74,e44,39,5,Dye,150,Brown,"Powdered bark used as a tan dye. A dull reddish dye was made from the alder and several other plants.  The woman first burned some of the twigs of the juniper or spruce then crushed and boiled the root bark of the mountain mahogany.  Only the bark was used because the roots themselves contain no color bearing material.  To this was added the powdered bark of the alder together with a ground lichen.  This was put together and boiled until it was thought to be right, then it was strained and the wool or yarn was soaked in it overnight.  This produced a dull reddish color on wool and a fine tan color on buckskin.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39"
2445,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,157,Navajo,74,e44,39,5,Dye,136,Red,"Powdered bark used as a reddish dye. A dull reddish dye was made from the alder and several other plants.  The woman first burned some of the twigs of the juniper or spruce then crushed and boiled the root bark of the mountain mahogany.  Only the bark was used because the roots themselves contain no color bearing material.  To this was added the powdered bark of the alder together with a ground lichen.  This was put together and boiled until it was thought to be right, then it was strained and the wool or yarn was soaked in it overnight.  This produced a dull reddish color on wool and a fine tan color on buckskin.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39"
2700,184,Amaranthus albus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,45,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Used, with many different plants, to smoke for lewdness, which was performed at the Coyote Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 45"
2721,186,Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,45,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used as sheep forage.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 45"
2722,186,Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,45,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds ground into meal and made into stiff porridge or mixed with goat's milk and made into gruel.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 45"
2723,186,Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,45,1,Food,75,Staple,Seeds ground into a meal and used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 45"
2724,186,Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats.,157,Navajo,19,c35,15,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Boiled and eaten like spinach, boiled and fried in lard or canned.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2776,191,Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,1,Food,75,Staple,Seeds ground into a meal and used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
2777,191,Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,1,Food,135,Sweetener,"Parched, ground seeds chewed to obtain sugar.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
2816,193,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Seeds ground, boiled, mixed with corn flour and made into dumplings.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
2817,193,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds ground, boiled and mixed with corn flour into a gruel.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
2818,193,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,1,Food,,,Leaves and seeds mixed with grease and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
2819,193,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
2820,193,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,157,Navajo,19,c35,15,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Boiled and eaten like spinach, boiled and fried in lard or canned.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2821,193,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves boiled and eaten like spinach.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
2822,193,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Leaves boiled and canned.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
2832,194,Amaranthus sp.,157,Navajo,19,c35,23,1,Food,75,Staple,Seeds ground into meal and used as food.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 23"
2833,194,Amaranthus sp.,157,Navajo,19,c35,23,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Seeds ground into meal and chewed by the handful to obtain sugar.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 23"
2884,202,Ambrosia tenuifolia Spreng.,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used to facilitate delivery of the placenta after childbirth.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
2885,202,Ambrosia tenuifolia Spreng.,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Herb mixed with tobacco.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
3002,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
3143,214,Amelanchier sp.,157,Navajo,141,h56,148,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Plant used as an emetic.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 148"
3164,216,Amelanchier utahensis Koehne,157,Navajo,141,h56,148,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used during labor and delivery.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 148"
3165,216,Amelanchier utahensis Koehne,157,Navajo,141,h56,148,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried for winter use.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 148"
3166,216,Amelanchier utahensis Koehne,157,Navajo,141,h56,148,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 148"
3167,216,Amelanchier utahensis Koehne,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
3168,216,Amelanchier utahensis Koehne,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Fruits dried and preserved for winter use.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
3199,223,Amorpha nana Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Plant used as a snuff for catarrh.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
3671,283,Anthemis sp.,157,Navajo,121,l86,20,1,Food,27,Beverage,Fresh or dried plant used to make tea.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 20"
3977,310,Arabis holboellii Hornem.,157,Navajo,74,e44,48,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plant used in the Night Chant Ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 48"
4452,341,Arctostaphylos pringlei Parry,157,Navajo,121,l86,23,1,Food,27,Beverage,Crushed berries used to make a beverage.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 23"
4453,341,Arctostaphylos pringlei Parry,157,Navajo,121,l86,23,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw or cooked.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 23"
4454,341,Arctostaphylos pringlei Parry,157,Navajo,121,l86,23,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds ground into a mush.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 23"
4455,341,Arctostaphylos pringlei Parry,157,Navajo,121,l86,23,1,Food,1,Preserves,Berries used to make jelly.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 23"
4795,365,Argythamnia cyanophylla (Woot. & Standl.) Ingram,157,Navajo,141,h56,158,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Plant used as a 'life medicine.',"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 158"
5037,393,Artemisia carruthii Wood ex Carruth.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds ground and made into bread and dumplings.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
5038,393,Artemisia carruthii Wood ex Carruth.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds ground and made into gruel.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
5039,393,Artemisia carruthii Wood ex Carruth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,82,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82"
5213,396,Artemisia filifolia Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used as stock feed.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5214,396,Artemisia filifolia Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,3,Other,143,Paper,Very soft leaves used as a convenient substitute for toilet paper.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5280,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,3,Other,143,Paper,Very soft leaves used as a convenient substitute for toilet paper.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5403,399,Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,2,Drug,,,Used by the medicine men.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5543,404,Artemisia sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Leaves used to make a soft yellow dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5544,404,Artemisia sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Bunches of plant, with other plants, tied to corners of hoops used in unraveling ceremonial objects.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5545,404,Artemisia sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used as a wand when practicing for the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5663,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound of plants used for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5664,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,158,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used for religious and medicinal ceremonies.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 158"
5665,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Plant used for colds.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5666,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Plant used for fevers.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5667,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of plants taken for stomachaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5668,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plants taken by women as an aid for deliverance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5669,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,2,Drug,134,Sports Medicine,"Plant taken before long hikes & athletic contests to rid the body of lingering, undesirable things.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5670,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,82,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Used between the poles of the sweathouse to prevent the sand from sifting through.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82"
5671,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,81,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used in the end of the fire drill.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 81"
5830,409,Artemisia tripartita ssp. tripartita,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
5831,409,Artemisia tripartita ssp. tripartita,157,Navajo,74,e44,82,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant burned to charcoal & given to patient to blacken legs & forearms in Mountain Chant Ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82"
5832,409,Artemisia tripartita ssp. tripartita,157,Navajo,74,e44,82,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plant used as a wash for wounds caused by removed corns.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82"
5833,409,Artemisia tripartita ssp. tripartita,157,Navajo,74,e44,82,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to stuff into the necks of bottles to keep the water from spilling out.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82"
5943,420,Arundo donax L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Reed made into a whistle and attached to the collar of a otter skin for the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
5944,420,Arundo donax L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Reed used to make prayersticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
5945,420,Arundo donax L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Reed, with tassels, used in the special pouch required for every chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
6123,433,Asclepias hallii Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,69,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plant used as tonic after deliverance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 69"
6188,441,Asclepias sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,69,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Infusion of crushed, dried leaves taken for stomach troubles.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 69"
6189,441,Asclepias sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,69,1,Food,,,Plant eaten raw or boiled.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 69"
6369,448,Asclepias verticillata L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,118,Nose Medicine,Plant used for nose troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
6370,448,Asclepias verticillata L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Plant used for throat troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
6439,459,Aster sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,82,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Used, with other plants, as a liniment for the Bead Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82"
6440,459,Aster sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,82,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Used, with other plants, as the Bead Chant tobacco.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82"
6443,460,Astragalus allochrous Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used in the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
6504,479,Astragalus kentrophyta var. kentrophyta,157,Navajo,74,e44,56,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Plant used for rabies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 56"
6524,487,Astragalus mollissimus var. matthewsii (S. Wats.) Barneby,157,Navajo,74,e44,56,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used by the male and female shooters in the Lightning Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 56"
6559,496,Astragalus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
6609,502,Atriplex argentea ssp. expansa (S. Wats.) Hall & Clements,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,1,Food,50,Fodder,"Plant used, for the salt, and stored for the winter as fodder.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
6610,502,Atriplex argentea ssp. expansa (S. Wats.) Hall & Clements,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,1,Food,5,Forage,"Plant used, for the salt, to pasture sheep in the summer.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
6626,503,Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,148,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for ant bites.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 148"
6627,503,Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Leaves and twigs used in coloring wool yellow.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
6628,503,Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,1,Food,50,Fodder,Plant used in the winter to provide salt for the sheep.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
6629,503,Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,1,Food,5,Forage,"Plant used as forage for cattle, sheep and goats, especially when other forage was scarce.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
6630,503,Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,148,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,Flowers used to make puddings.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 148"
6665,504,Atriplex confertifolia (Torr. & Fr‚m.) S. Wats.,157,Navajo,141,h56,149,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Plant rubbed on horses to repel gnats.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 149"
6728,517,Atriplex sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of chewed plants applied to ant, bee and wasp sting swellings.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
6768,529,Avena sativa L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,25,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used for hay.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25"
6965,551,Bambusa sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,25,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Stems made into whistles and used in certain ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25"
7025,561,Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Used by the medicine man for painting a patient during a healing ceremony.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
7026,561,Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for sores.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
7027,561,Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,1,Food,5,Forage,"Plant used as sheep forage, especially in the winter.","Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
7134,579,Betula occidentalis Hook.,157,Navajo,74,e44,39,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Branch used for the pole in the 'hoop and pole' game.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39"
7440,608,Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths,157,Navajo,74,e44,25,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Tied to the end of the wand carried by the girl in the Squaw Dance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25"
7450,609,Bouteloua hirsuta Lag.,157,Navajo,74,e44,25,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Used to make sacred charcoal for certain ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25"
7456,611,Bouteloua sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,25,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used for sheep and horse feed.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25"
7557,627,Brickellia grandiflora (Hook.) Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,83,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plant and other plants used as a ceremonial liniment for the Female Shooting Life Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83"
7707,669,Calochortus aureus S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,,,"Bulbs gathered in early spring, peeled and eaten raw.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
7731,675,Calochortus luteus Dougl. ex Lindl.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,,,"Bulbs gathered in early spring, peeled and eaten raw.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
7757,677,Calochortus nuttallii Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,101,Baby Food,"Bulbs, a children's food, eaten by children while playing.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
7758,677,Calochortus nuttallii Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,121,l86,24,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Bulbs formerly used for food in times of scarcity.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 24"
7759,677,Calochortus nuttallii Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,121,l86,24,1,Food,,,Bulbs eaten raw.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 24"
7923,709,Camissonia tanacetifolia ssp. tanacetifolia,157,Navajo,74,e44,67,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant rubbed on as a liniment for boils.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 67"
7940,714,Campanula uniflora L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Pollen used for some of the sacred ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
7978,724,Capsicum annuum L.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,,,Chile peppers used for food.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
8451,778,Castilleja angustifolia (Nutt.) G. Don,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant used for stomach troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
8470,787,Castilleja integra Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,159,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Plant used for burns.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 159"
8471,787,Castilleja integra Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,76,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of crushed leaves taken for stomach troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 76"
8498,789,Castilleja lineata Greene,157,Navajo,74,e44,76,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Infusion of crushed, dried leaves taken for stomach troubles.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 76"
8499,789,Castilleja lineata Greene,157,Navajo,74,e44,76,1,Food,47,Special Food,"Flowers sucked for the honey, a delicacy.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 76"
8642,809,Ceanothus fendleri Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Compound infusion taken and poultice of plants applied for nervousness.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
8785,822,Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,Leaves and branches boiled into a dark brown or red dye for wool.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
8786,822,Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries ground and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
8787,822,Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (Torr.) L. Benson,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make tubes for bellows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
8857,836,Cerasus crenulata Greene.,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,5,Dye,161,Purple,Roots used to color wool purple.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
8879,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,157,Navajo,19,c35,21,1,Food,,,Pods roasted in ashes and seeds eaten.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 21"
8880,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,157,Navajo,74,e44,56,1,Food,,,Seeds roasted and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 56"
8881,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,157,Navajo,74,e44,56,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Leaves used as an incense in the Mountain Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 56"
8950,842,Cercocarpus montanus Raf.,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Roots and bark used for stomach troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
8951,842,Cercocarpus montanus Raf.,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,"Wood used to make the handle of the weaving distaff, dice and the sweathouse for ceremonies.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
8952,842,Cercocarpus montanus Raf.,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,1,Food,5,Forage,Whole plant used by sheep for forage.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
8953,842,Cercocarpus montanus Raf.,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make the sweathouse and male prayersticks for ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
8954,842,Cercocarpus montanus Raf.,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make the handle of the weaving distaff.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
8955,842,Cercocarpus montanus Raf.,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make dice and the sweathouse for ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
9163,866,Chamaesyce fendleri (Torr. & Gray) Small,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of plant taken for stomachache.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
9178,870,Chamaesyce lata (Engelm.) Small,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Plant used as a purge.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
9179,870,Chamaesyce lata (Engelm.) Small,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant used for upset stomachs.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
9407,894,Chenopodium album L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,149,2,Drug,208,Dietary Aid,Plant used as a nutrient.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 149"
9408,894,Chenopodium album L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Seeds dried and used like corn.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
9409,894,Chenopodium album L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,149,1,Food,75,Staple,Seeds ground and eaten as a nutrient.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 149"
9410,894,Chenopodium album L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young, tender plants eaten raw, boiled as herbs alone or with other foods.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
9497,899,Chenopodium fremontii S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds used to make tortillas and bread.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
9503,900,Chenopodium graveolens Willd.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Used, with other herbs, in the liniment for the Mountain Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
9556,910,Chenopodium sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds used to make bread.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
9557,910,Chenopodium sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds used to make a stiff porridge.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
9558,910,Chenopodium sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,1,Food,75,Staple,Seeds of several species ground and used like corn.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
9559,910,Chenopodium sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Used, with other plants, as a liniment in the Mountain Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
9560,910,Chenopodium sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Finely chopped plant used on the face and arms to keep the flies and mosquitoes from biting.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
9695,919,Chloracantha spinosa (Benth.) Nesom,157,Navajo,74,e44,83,1,Food,85,Candy,Stems chewed for gum.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83"
9785,933,Chrysothamnus greenei (Gray) Greene,157,Navajo,74,e44,83,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plant tops used as a wash for chickenpox and measles eruptions.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83"
9786,933,Chrysothamnus greenei (Gray) Greene,157,Navajo,74,e44,83,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of plant tops used as a wash for chickenpox and measles eruptions.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83"
9797,934,Chrysothamnus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,83,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Used as a yellow dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83"
9805,935,Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,84,5,Dye,193,Orange,"Flowers boiled with roasted alum and used as a light-orange dye for leather, wool and basketry.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 84"
9806,935,Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,84,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Flowers boiled with roasted alum and used as a yellow dye for leather, wool and basketry.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 84"
9807,935,Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,84,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Plant used as thatch to prevent the sand on top of the sweathouse from sifting through.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 84"
9820,937,Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus ssp. viscidiflorus var. viscidiflorus,157,Navajo,74,e44,84,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Plant used to make a sick person vomit.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 84"
9963,961,Cirsium neomexicanum Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Plant used for chills and fevers.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
10045,975,Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.,157,Navajo,74,e44,84,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Decoction of plant taken to induce vomiting.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 84"
10082,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Fruit cut into strips, wound upon sticks in the form of a rope, sun dried and stored for months.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
10226,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
10227,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used as tonic after deliverance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
10228,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Plant used as tonic after deliverance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
10289,1025,Cleome multicaulis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Leaves used to make a gravy.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
10290,1025,Cleome multicaulis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,1,Food,56,Soup,Leaves used to make a watery stew.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
10291,1025,Cleome multicaulis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,1,Food,47,Special Food,Leaves made into tea and taken at a general feast after finishing the masks for the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
10292,1025,Cleome multicaulis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves used for greens.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
10293,1025,Cleome multicaulis DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,3,Other,17,Tools,"Stalks used as a drill to start fires. The brittle stalks, about an inch in diameter were used for the drills which were whirled between the palms of the hands and were made to revolve on the edge of a larger stalk into which a notch had been cut.  A pinch of sand was sometimes placed under the point of the drill which caused the wood to become a fine powder.  This powder then ran down the notch and formed a little pile on the ground.  Smoke was produced in less than a minute and in about two minutes tiny sparks dropped onto the pile of dry powder which took fire from them.  By carefully feeding the fire with bits of dried bark and grass and with much blowing, a blaze was produced.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
10313,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Dried leaves and meat or tallow used to make dumplings.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10314,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,121,l86,13,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Leaves dried and stored for winter use.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 13"
10315,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,19,c35,24,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Young plants boiled, pressed, rolled into balls, dried and stored for winter use.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10316,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Young shoots boiled, rolled into small balls and dried for winter use.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
10317,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,121,l86,13,1,Food,56,Soup,Dried leaves used to make stew.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 13"
10318,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,56,Soup,"Leaves, onions, wild celery and tallow or meat used to make stew.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10319,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,19,c35,24,1,Food,56,Soup,"Plant made into stew with wild onions, wild celery, tallow or bits of meat.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10320,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,141,h56,149,1,Food,86,Spice,Used as a seasoning.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 149"
10321,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,,,Pods used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10322,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,19,c35,24,1,Food,,,"Young plants boiled, pressed, rolled into balls and eaten.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10323,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves boiled like spinach.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10324,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young plants boiled and rolled into balls and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10325,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,19,c35,24,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young plants boiled with a pinch of salt and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10326,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young shoots boiled, rolled into small balls and eaten fresh with or without mutton.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
10327,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young shoots eaten as greens.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
10328,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Young plants boiled, rolled into balls, dried and stored for the winter.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10488,1051,Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl,157,Navajo,141,h56,150,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant used as a foot bath for corns.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150"
10694,1074,Cordylanthus ramosus Nutt. ex Benth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,76,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Infusion of plant taken to induce vomiting.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 76"
10695,1074,Cordylanthus ramosus Nutt. ex Benth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,76,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plant taken by menstruating women to stop menses.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 76"
10696,1074,Cordylanthus ramosus Nutt. ex Benth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,76,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Infusion of plant used by men for nosebleeds.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 76"
10697,1074,Cordylanthus ramosus Nutt. ex Benth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Plant used to prevent broken ribs.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
10698,1074,Cordylanthus ramosus Nutt. ex Benth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,76,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of plant taken for syphilis.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 76"
10702,1076,Cordylanthus wrightii Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,76,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of plant used for syphilis.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 76"
11170,1108,Corydalis curvisiliqua ssp. occidentalis (Engelm. ex Gray) W.A. Weber,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used as a rheumatic remedy.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
11324,1117,Cosmos sp.,157,Navajo,141,h56,150,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Plant used for burns.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150"
11543,1152,Cryptantha fulvocanescens (S. Wats.) Payson,157,Navajo,141,h56,150,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of plants taken at childbirth.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150"
11546,1153,Cryptantha fulvocanescens var. fulvocanescens,157,Navajo,74,e44,72,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain from a fall.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 72"
11547,1153,Cryptantha fulvocanescens var. fulvocanescens,157,Navajo,74,e44,72,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Plant chewed for colds.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 72"
11548,1153,Cryptantha fulvocanescens var. fulvocanescens,157,Navajo,74,e44,72,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Plant chewed for coughs.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 72"
11550,1155,Cryptantha sp.,157,Navajo,121,l86,18,2,Drug,195,Dietary Aid,Infusion of plant taken to stay slender.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 18"
11563,1157,Cucumis melo L.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Fruit cut into strips, wound upon sticks in the form of a rope, sun dried and stored for months.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
11564,1157,Cucumis melo L.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit boiled with sugar and eaten like apple sauce.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
11684,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Fruit cut into strips and dried for future use, could be kept for years.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
11685,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,1,Preserves,Dried fruit boiled with large amounts of sugar into a preserve.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
11686,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit boiled and eaten with sugar as a sauce.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
11725,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,150,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Leaves used for upset stomachs.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150"
11726,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,150,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Fruit pulp and seeds used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150"
11777,1171,Cupressus sp.,157,Navajo,121,l86,22,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,Infusion of branches taken by women to regain strength after childbearing.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 22"
11778,1171,Cupressus sp.,157,Navajo,121,l86,22,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Berries ground into a meal and mixed with bread dough.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 22"
11779,1171,Cupressus sp.,157,Navajo,121,l86,22,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Leaf ash mixed with breads.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 22"
11780,1171,Cupressus sp.,157,Navajo,121,l86,22,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw or roasted.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 22"
11781,1171,Cupressus sp.,157,Navajo,121,l86,22,1,Food,44,Porridge,Leaf ash mixed with cornmeal mush.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 22"
11782,1171,Cupressus sp.,157,Navajo,121,l86,22,3,Other,125,Jewelry,Dried berries used to make necklaces.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 22"
11795,1177,Cuscuta sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,70,1,Food,,,Parched seeds used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 70"
11810,1180,Cymopterus acaulis (Pursh) Raf.,157,Navajo,121,l86,28,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Plant dried for future use.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 28"
11811,1180,Cymopterus acaulis (Pursh) Raf.,157,Navajo,19,c35,24,1,Food,56,Soup,Used with the Rocky Mountain bee plant to make stew.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
11812,1180,Cymopterus acaulis (Pursh) Raf.,157,Navajo,121,l86,28,1,Food,86,Spice,Dried plant used as an herb for mutton stew.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 28"
11817,1181,Cymopterus acaulis var. fendleri (Gray) Goodrich,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Leaves rubbed through hot ash to remove the strong taste and dried for winter use.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
11818,1181,Cymopterus acaulis var. fendleri (Gray) Goodrich,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,86,Spice,"Leaves used as a seasoning for corn meal mush, gruel and boiled meat.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
11819,1181,Cymopterus acaulis var. fendleri (Gray) Goodrich,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves rubbed through hot ash to remove the strong taste and eaten fresh.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
11832,1185,Cymopterus montanus Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,68,1,Food,112,Substitution Food,"Roots peeled, baked and ground as an occasional substitute for cornmeal.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 68"
11833,1185,Cymopterus montanus Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,19,c35,26,1,Food,,,Cooked in the winter with wild carrot roots.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 26"
11834,1185,Cymopterus montanus Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,19,c35,15,1,Food,,,Cooked with dried wild desert onions in the winter.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
11835,1185,Cymopterus montanus Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,68,1,Food,,,Peeled stems used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 68"
11836,1185,Cymopterus montanus Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,68,1,Food,,,Raw roots used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 68"
11846,1189,Cymopterus purpureus S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,67,1,Food,86,Spice,Plant used as a potherb in seasoning mush and soup.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 67"
11963,1214,Dahlia pinnata Cav.,157,Navajo,74,e44,85,5,Dye,172,Orange-Yellow,Roots and flowers used as a yellow-orange dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 85"
11968,1216,Dalea candida var. candida,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound of plants used for abdomen pain caused by colds and loose bowels.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
11969,1216,Dalea candida var. candida,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots chewed for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
11970,1216,Dalea candida var. candida,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Compound of plants used for abdomen pain caused by colds and loose bowels.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
11971,1216,Dalea candida var. candida,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Plant used as toothache medicine.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
11972,1216,Dalea candida var. candida,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,1,Food,47,Special Food,Roots eaten as a delicacy by little children and sheepherders.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
11973,1216,Dalea candida var. candida,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Ground plant mixed with other ingredients and used in the Wind Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
12020,1227,Dalea purpurea Vent.,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves used to make tea.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
12026,1226,Dalea purpurea var. purpurea,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Plant used for pneumonia.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
12101,1242,Datura sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used as pain killer for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
12102,1242,Datura sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Raw, dried roots chewed in a ceremony for chills and fevers.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
12103,1242,Datura sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Plant used for trachoma.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
12104,1242,Datura sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,"Raw, dried roots chewed in a ceremony for chills and fevers.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
12105,1242,Datura sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Plant used as pain killer for toothaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
12106,1242,Datura sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Infusion of leaves used as a wash on castration wounds of sheep.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
12202,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,157,Navajo,141,h56,160,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Infusion of leaf used as wash for wounds of sheep after castration.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 160"
12203,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,157,Navajo,19,c35,26,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruits dried and used in the winter after soaking and boiling.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 26"
12204,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,157,Navajo,19,c35,26,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits ground and eaten without further preparation.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 26"
12205,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,157,Navajo,74,e44,74,1,Food,47,Special Food,Seeds eaten in ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 74"
12271,1246,Daucus pusillus Michx.,157,Navajo,19,c35,26,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Roots dried and cooked in the winter with wild celery.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 26"
12272,1246,Daucus pusillus Michx.,157,Navajo,19,c35,26,1,Food,,,Roots eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 26"
12273,1246,Daucus pusillus Michx.,157,Navajo,74,e44,67,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw or cooked with or without wild celery.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 67"
12274,1246,Daucus pusillus Michx.,157,Navajo,74,e44,67,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Roots dried for winter use.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 67"
12294,1252,Delphinium menziesii DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,2,Drug,,,Powdered petals sometimes used by the medicine man instead of larkspur petals.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
12311,1257,Delphinium scaposum Greene,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,2,Drug,,,Powdered petals used by the medicine man.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
12312,1257,Delphinium scaposum Greene,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,5,Dye,55,Blue,Petals used to make blue dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
12313,1257,Delphinium scaposum Greene,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Pollen used extensively in many ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
12367,1272,Descurainia pinnata ssp. halictorum (Cockerell) Detling,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Parched seeds ground, made into a gruel and used to dip bread in.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
12537,1303,Dimorphocarpa wislizeni (Engelm.) Rollins,157,Navajo,74,e44,49,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used by sheep for forage.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 49"
12590,1316,Dipsacus fullonum L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,78,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to card wool.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 78"
12665,1328,Draba rectifructa C.L. Hitchc.,157,Navajo,74,e44,49,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of plants taken as a diuretic.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 49"
12879,1356,Echinocereus coccineus Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,64,2,Drug,104,Heart Medicine,Plant used as a heart stimulant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 64"
12880,1356,Echinocereus coccineus Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,64,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 64"
12894,1362,Echinocereus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,64,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 64"
13139,1403,Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats.,157,Navajo,45,r29,157,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of stems and leaves taken for kidney troubles.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157"
13140,1403,Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats.,157,Navajo,45,r29,157,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of stems and leaves taken for venereal troubles.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157"
13168,1405,Ephedra torreyana S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,1,Food,27,Beverage,Branches used to make tea.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
13172,1406,Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of dried plants taken for stomach troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
13173,1406,Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of dried plants taken for kidney affections.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
13174,1406,Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of dried plants taken for venereal disease.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
13175,1406,Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,"Wood burned for venereal disease. Wood burned with charcoal, buffalo hair, wood rat hair and bat hair in a hole in the middle of the hogan.  The person with venereal disease sits over the hole and the smudge covers his exposed parts and cures him.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
13192,1407,Ephedra viridis Coville,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of plant tops taken as a cough medicine.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
13193,1407,Ephedra viridis Coville,157,Navajo,121,l86,19,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Strong infusion of plant used for syphilis.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 19"
13194,1407,Ephedra viridis Coville,157,Navajo,121,l86,19,5,Dye,150,Brown,Twigs and leaves boiled with alum and used as a light tan dye.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 19"
13195,1407,Ephedra viridis Coville,157,Navajo,121,l86,19,1,Food,27,Beverage,Roasted stems used to make tea.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 19"
13196,1407,Ephedra viridis Coville,157,Navajo,121,l86,19,1,Food,27,Beverage,Stems chewed to relieve thirst when on the move and away from water supplies.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 19"
13627,1451,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. glabrata (Gray) Nesom & Baird,157,Navajo,74,e44,83,5,Dye,121,Green,"Immature flowers, leaves or green bark boiled with heated alum and used as a green dye for wool.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83"
13628,1451,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. glabrata (Gray) Nesom & Baird,157,Navajo,74,e44,83,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Mature flowering tops boiled with heated alum and used as a yellow dye for wool.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83"
13629,1451,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. glabrata (Gray) Nesom & Baird,157,Navajo,74,e44,83,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Plant used to remove evil spells in the Witch, Wind and other chants.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83"
13636,1453,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. latisquamea (Gray) Nesom & Baird,157,Navajo,74,e44,83,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Twigs and flowers used as a yellow dye for wool.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 83"
13662,1454,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa,157,Navajo,141,h56,159,1,Food,5,Forage,Plants browsed by animals.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 159"
13663,1454,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa,157,Navajo,141,h56,159,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Source of a commercial volatile oil.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 159"
13664,1454,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa,157,Navajo,141,h56,159,3,Other,37,Fuel,Used as a kiva fuel.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 159"
13728,1470,Erigeron divergens Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,85,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plant taken by women as an aid for deliverance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 85"
13935,1494,Eriogonum alatum Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
13936,1494,Eriogonum alatum Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
13937,1494,Eriogonum alatum Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plant used in the Life or Knife Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
14006,1506,Eriogonum fasciculatum Benth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Decoction of plants used as an anti-witchcraft medicine.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
14124,1529,Eriogonum rotundifolium Benth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Plant taken to vomit after swallowing ants.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
14125,1529,Eriogonum rotundifolium Benth.,157,Navajo,141,h56,150,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Leaves used for sore throats.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150"
14126,1529,Eriogonum rotundifolium Benth.,157,Navajo,141,h56,150,2,Drug,,,Roots used as medicine.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150"
14127,1529,Eriogonum rotundifolium Benth.,157,Navajo,141,h56,150,1,Food,,,Stems used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150"
14145,1530,Eriogonum sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Cold infusion of roots taken for diarrhea.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
14146,1530,Eriogonum sp.,157,Navajo,141,h56,150,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used during confinement after childbirth.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150"
14564,1582,Eupatorium purpureum L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,85,2,Drug,122,Antidote,Plant used as an antidote for poison.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 85"
14565,1582,Eupatorium purpureum L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,85,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant taken for arrow wounds.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 85"
14574,1585,Euphorbia brachycera Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Compound infusion of plants taken for purging.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
14575,1585,Euphorbia brachycera Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant rubbed as a liniment or poultice of plant applied to boils and pimples.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
14576,1585,Euphorbia brachycera Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Compound infusion of plants taken for confinement.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
14714,1605,Fendlera rupicola Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of inner bark taken for swallowed ants.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
14715,1605,Fendlera rupicola Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Notched stick rubbed with a smooth stick instead of beating a drum in the Mountain Chant Ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
14716,1605,Fendlera rupicola Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used by the Home God in the Mountain Chant Ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
14717,1605,Fendlera rupicola Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make arrow shafts.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
14718,1605,Fendlera rupicola Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Plant used to kill hair lice.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
14719,1605,Fendlera rupicola Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,51,3,Other,17,Tools,"Wood used to make weaving forks, planting sticks and knitting needles.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 51"
14806,1626,Forestiera pubescens var. pubescens,157,Navajo,74,e44,68,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used to make prayersticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 68"
14934,1638,Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt,157,Navajo,19,c35,29,1,Food,47,Special Food,Fruits eaten as a delicacy.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 29"
14935,1638,Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,1,Food,47,Special Food,Fruits used for food and considered a delicacy.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
15170,1654,Frasera speciosa Dougl. ex Griseb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant used for alarm and nervousness.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
15218,1657,Fraxinus cuspidata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,68,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Stems used to make arrows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 68"
15219,1657,Fraxinus cuspidata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,68,3,Other,164,Stable Gear,Wood used to make a fair imitation of the Mexican saddle.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 68"
15434,1676,Gaillardia pinnatifida Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken and poultice of leaves applied for gout.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
15562,1700,Gaultheria humifusa (Graham) Rydb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,68,5,Dye,108,Black,Used to make a black dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 68"
15714,1706,Gaura mollis James,157,Navajo,74,e44,66,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Infusion of plant used for burns.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 66"
15715,1706,Gaura mollis James,157,Navajo,74,e44,66,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plant used for inflammation.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 66"
15716,1706,Gaura mollis James,157,Navajo,74,e44,66,3,Other,58,Protection,Plant used to keep the dancers from burning themselves during the Fire Dance at the Mountain Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 66"
15757,1713,Gentiana affinis Griseb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,69,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used as a snuff for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 69"
15758,1713,Gentiana affinis Griseb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,69,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Plant used for fainting.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 69"
15759,1713,Gentiana affinis Griseb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,69,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Plant used as an antidote for witchcraft.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 69"
16138,1768,Gossypium sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Used to make string for many different ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
16139,1768,Gossypium sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Used to make fabrics.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
16140,1768,Gossypium sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,3,Other,17,Tools,"Twisted, soaked in mutton tallow and used as a lampwick for soldering.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
16269,1785,Gutierrezia microcephala (DC.) Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Poultice of plant applied to the back and legs of horses.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
16304,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant ashes rubbed on the body for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16305,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
16306,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Wood made into charcoal used in the medicines applied to the ailing gods. Two kinds of charcoal were used in the medicines which were applied to the ailing gods.  The first was made from the bark of the pine and willow.  The second was made from this plant and three-lobed sagebrush, to which were added the feathers dropped from a live crow and a live buzzard.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16307,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for wounds.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
16308,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of chewed plant applied to ant, bee and wasp stings swellings.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16309,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant used for 'nervousness.',"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
16310,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,2,Drug,114,Snake Bite Remedy,Plant used for snakebites.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16311,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Decoction of ground plant applied as poultice to sheep bitten by a snake.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16312,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Tops used to make a yellow dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16313,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Leaves, grama grass, sagebrush and unidentified leaves burned to charcoal for blackening ceremony.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16314,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood ash and pitch used to cover the oak bull-roarer for the Female Shooting Life Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16315,1786,Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. & Rusby,157,Navajo,74,e44,86,3,Other,17,Tools,Stems used for whirls when making fire by friction.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 86"
16452,1803,Hedeoma drummondii Benth.,157,Navajo,74,e44,72,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 72"
16461,1805,Hedeoma nana (Torr.) Briq.,157,Navajo,74,e44,72,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Used by assistant during the War Dance. At noon of the third day of the War Dance, the body of the patient was painted black.  Medicine was then made of yarrow, red juniper, pine needles and meadow rue, which were previously pulverized, then thrown into a bowl of water and stirred.  This was then dabbed all over the patient who sipped the mixture before bathing his whole body in it.  Foxtail grass and mock pennyroyal were then chewed by the assistant and sputtered on the patient.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 72"
16594,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Plant, double bladderpod, sumac and mistletoe used in the liniment for the War Dance.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
16595,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,2,Drug,274,Dietary Aid,Seeds eaten to give appetite.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
16596,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,5,Dye,136,Red,"Outer seed coatings boiled and used as a dull, dark red dye.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
16597,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds ground and made into bread and dumplings.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
16598,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Seeds mixed with corn, ground into a meal and made into cakes.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
16599,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds ground and made into gruel.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
16600,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Hollow stalk used in the illusion of swallowing the arrow during the Mountain Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
16601,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Stalk made into flute used in an ancient custom of timing the grinding of the corn at the War Dance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
16602,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Stalks used to make bird snares. Bird snares were made of stalks in which were drilled two small holes.  In one of these holes was inserted a twig of greasewood and at the end of this was fastened a sliding loop of horsehair.  The greasewood twig was then bent in a bow and the loop passed through the upper hole, across which was laid a small piece of reed.  The small stick below the loop was placed so that one end rests on the rim of the stalk and the other end on the reed.  When a bird alighted on this, the small piece of reed was disturbed and the greasewood twig straightened, drawing the horsehair loop with the bird's foot in it into the stalk.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
16659,1830,Helianthus nuttallii Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Infusion of dried, crushed leaves taken for stomach troubles.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
17044,1867,Heuchera bracteata (Torr.) Ser.,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant chewed for indigestion.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
17045,1867,Heuchera bracteata (Torr.) Ser.,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Plant chewed for sore gums.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
17046,1867,Heuchera bracteata (Torr.) Ser.,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Compound poultice of crushed leaves applied to toothaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
17047,1867,Heuchera bracteata (Torr.) Ser.,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,Stems used to make a pinkish tan dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
17469,1922,Humulus lupulus var. neomexicanus A. Nels. & Cockerell,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,1,Food,,,Hops used for cooking.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
17576,1944,Hymenopappus filifolius var. lugens (Greene) Jepson,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of whole plant taken for blood poisoning.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
17599,1951,Hymenoxys hoopesii (Gray) Bierner,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,Plant used to inhibit vomiting.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
17600,1951,Hymenoxys hoopesii (Gray) Bierner,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Crushed flowers boiled with juniper ash and used as a yellow dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
17601,1951,Hymenoxys hoopesii (Gray) Bierner,157,Navajo,74,e44,87,1,Food,85,Candy,Roots used as a chewing gum.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87"
17602,1952,Hymenoxys richardsonii (Hook.) Cockerell,157,Navajo,74,e44,80,1,Food,85,Candy,Plant used as a chewing gum.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 80"
17609,1953,Hymenoxys richardsonii var. floribunda (Gray) Parker,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Flowers used as a yellow dye for wool.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
17945,1997,Ipomopsis aggregata ssp. attenuata (Gray) V.& A. Grant,157,Navajo,74,e44,70,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Infusion of crushed, dried leaves taken for stomach troubles.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 70"
17946,1997,Ipomopsis aggregata ssp. attenuata (Gray) V.& A. Grant,157,Navajo,141,h56,160,1,Food,5,Forage,Used as a browse plant.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 160"
17947,1997,Ipomopsis aggregata ssp. attenuata (Gray) V.& A. Grant,157,Navajo,141,h56,160,3,Other,38,Decorations,Cultivated as an ornamental flower.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 160"
17982,2002,Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora,157,Navajo,74,e44,70,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used as medicine in the Wind and Female Shooting Chants.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 70"
17983,2002,Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora,157,Navajo,74,e44,70,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Decoction of pounded plant taken to vomit.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 70"
17984,2002,Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora,157,Navajo,74,e44,70,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of pounded plant taken for the bowels.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 70"
17985,2002,Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora,157,Navajo,74,e44,70,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Infusion of flowers mixed with feed and given to sheep for stomach troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 70"
17986,2002,Ipomopsis longiflora ssp. longiflora,157,Navajo,74,e44,70,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used to make prebreakfast drink and taken to make the person 'bark' or sing loudly for Squaw Dance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 70"
18056,2013,Iris sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,5,Dye,121,Green,Used to make a green dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
18238,2033,Juglans major (Torr.) Heller,157,Navajo,74,e44,39,5,Dye,150,Brown,Nut hulls used as a golden brown dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39"
18239,2033,Juglans major (Torr.) Heller,157,Navajo,74,e44,39,5,Dye,150,Brown,Young twigs used as a light brown dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39"
18240,2033,Juglans major (Torr.) Heller,157,Navajo,74,e44,39,1,Food,,,Nuts gathered and eaten on a fairly large scale.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39"
18320,2035,Juglans regia L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,39,5,Dye,150,Brown,Nut hulls used as a golden brown dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 39"
18387,2048,Juncus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,31,3,Other,17,Tools,Used as a sandpaper for smoothing bows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31"
18674,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,5,Dye,121,Green,Bark and berries used as a green dye for wool.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18675,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used to make a canopy to protect a new born child from the sparks of the fire.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18676,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used to make fence posts and hogan roofs.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18677,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,1,Food,50,Fodder,Branches cut off and given to the sheep to eat when the snow was deep.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18678,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten ripe.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18679,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,19,c35,31,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Inner bark chewed in times of food shortage to obtain the juice.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 31"
18680,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Inner bark chewed in times of food shortage.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18681,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make prayersticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18682,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,3,Other,38,Decorations,Used to make bows for the canopy of the baby's cradle.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18683,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood made into charcoal and used for smelting silver.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18684,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for firewood.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18685,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Leaves chewed and spat out for better luck.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18686,2058,Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,3,Other,98,Weapon,"Wood used to make bows, formerly carried in war.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18773,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,5,Dye,136,Red,"Wood ash, mountain mahogany and black alder used as a red dye for buckskin.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18774,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Branchlets, with needles, used to make prayersticks of the west.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18775,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,157,Navajo,74,e44,19,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make the wand for the War Dance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 19"
18868,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Seeds eaten for headaches.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
18869,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Used to wash the hair.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
18870,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,157,Navajo,37,w39,62,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Green timber used to make corrals.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 62"
18990,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,20,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant taken as a 'War Dance medicine.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 20"
18991,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,20,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant rubbed on the hair for dandruff.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 20"
18992,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,157,Navajo,74,e44,20,2,Drug,,,Pounded mixture of herbs given to patient during the blackening ceremony of the War Dance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 20"
19110,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of berries taken for influenza.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19111,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,5,Dye,,,"Bark, berries and twigs used for dye purposes.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19112,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark used in the construction of hogans.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19113,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Boughs used to build the corral for public exhibitions at the close of a ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19114,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Boughs used to make the summer shelters where the women weave.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19115,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Bark woven into garments and used to make sandals.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19116,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Dry bark mixed with mud and worn as clothing during hard times.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19117,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Bark used to make blankets and passageway curtains.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19118,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant eaten by sheep during droughts.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19119,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Branches made into a fagot and used by the personator of the Black God, owner of all fire.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19120,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Branches made into wands and used in certain ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19121,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Shredded bark carried by the dancers in the Fire Dance during the last night of the Mountain Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19122,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Wood burned into charcoal, ground and used for black in sandpaintings.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19123,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make prayersticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19124,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Wood, struck by lightning, used as the two parts of the fire drill for the Night Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19125,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,32,Containers,Concave bark used to make improvised trays for the sandpainting powders.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19126,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,37,Fuel,Light bark used as tinder to catch the spark from the fire drill.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19127,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood burned into charcoal and used as a fuel.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19128,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,125,Jewelry,"Seeds used to make necklaces, bracelets, anklets and wristlets.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19129,2063,Juniperus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,17,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make dice.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 17"
19171,2064,Juniperus virginiana L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,20,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make the wand carried in the War Dance Ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 20"
19340,2080,Krascheninnikovia lanata (Pursh) A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Decoction of leaves taken for blood spitting.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
19341,2080,Krascheninnikovia lanata (Pursh) A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for sores and boils.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
19342,2080,Krascheninnikovia lanata (Pursh) A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Plant used for smallpox.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
19343,2080,Krascheninnikovia lanata (Pursh) A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used as winter forage for the sheep.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
19344,2080,Krascheninnikovia lanata (Pursh) A.D.J. Meeuse & Smit,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Armful of stems with leaves used on heated stones in the sweathouse for the Mountain Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
19398,2088,Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella (Pursh) Breitung,157,Navajo,45,r29,158,1,Food,85,Candy,Gummy substance from the root used for chewing gum.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 158"
19403,2089,Lactuca virosa L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,"Plant used for gastroenteritis (nausea, vomiting and diarrhea).","Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
19404,2089,Lactuca virosa L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,"Plant used for gastroenteritis (nausea, vomiting and diarrhea).","Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
19405,2089,Lactuca virosa L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,152,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Plant used for gastroenteritis (nausea, vomiting and diarrhea).","Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 152"
19432,2090,Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used to make rattles for various ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
19433,2090,Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,3,Other,32,Containers,Used to make cups for preparing medicines.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
19434,2090,Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.,157,Navajo,74,e44,79,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Used to make dippers.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 79"
19471,2095,Lappula occidentalis var. cupulata (Gray) Higgins,157,Navajo,141,h56,153,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Parts of the plant used at confinement.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 153"
19472,2095,Lappula occidentalis var. cupulata (Gray) Higgins,157,Navajo,141,h56,153,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Parts of the plant used for nosebleeds.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 153"
19926,2136,Lepidium lasiocarpum Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,153,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Plant used as a 'disinfectant.',"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 153"
19969,2148,Lesquerella fendleri (Gray) S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plants taken to counteract the effects of spider bites.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 49"
20578,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,71,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Plant chewed for colds.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 71"
20579,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,157,Navajo,141,h56,161,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Plant used for colds.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 161"
20580,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,157,Navajo,141,h56,161,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Plant used as an oral contraceptive.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 161"
20581,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,71,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Plant chewed for coughs.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 71"
20582,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,157,Navajo,141,h56,161,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Plant used for coughs.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 161"
20583,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,71,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Roots used for soreness at the attachment of the umbilical cord.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 71"
20584,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,71,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Roots used for soreness at the attachment of the umbilical cord.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 71"
20585,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,71,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used in the Life or Knife Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 71"
20616,2219,Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm.,157,Navajo,146,j87,51,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Plant used as an oral birth control.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 51"
20852,2237,Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,157,Navajo,74,e44,67,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Infusion of dried, ground plant mixed with other plants & taken by patients for Mountain Top Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 67"
21046,2248,Lomatium orientale Coult. & Rose,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,,,Roots rubbed in hot ash to remove the strong taste and eaten raw or baked.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
21047,2248,Lomatium orientale Coult. & Rose,157,Navajo,74,e44,68,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 68"
21310,2288,Lupinus brevicaulis S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,56,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant rubbed on as a liniment for boils.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 56"
21311,2288,Lupinus brevicaulis S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,56,2,Drug,142,Reproductive Aid,Plant used for sterility.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 56"
21312,2288,Lupinus brevicaulis S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,56,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used in the female shooters branch of the Lightning Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 56"
21331,2295,Lupinus lyallii Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for boils.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
21332,2295,Lupinus lyallii Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,5,Dye,55,Blue,Flowers used to make a blue dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
21333,2295,Lupinus lyallii Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,5,Dye,121,Green,Used to make a green dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
21373,2306,Lupinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,56,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used in the Male Shooting Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 56"
21440,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,121,l86,32,1,Food,27,Beverage,Berries mashed in water and used as a beverage.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 32"
21441,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,74,e44,74,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Fruits boiled, dried, stored for winter use and eaten dry.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 74"
21442,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,121,l86,32,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Sun dried berries used for food.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 32"
21443,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,121,l86,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh off the bush.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 32"
21444,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,141,h56,153,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 153"
21445,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fresh, mashed berries mixed with powdered clay to counteract astringency and used for food.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
21446,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,74,e44,74,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 74"
21447,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,121,l86,32,1,Food,56,Soup,Berries used to make soup and stew.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 32"
21448,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,74,e44,74,1,Food,56,Soup,"Fruits boiled, dried, stored for winter use and made into a soup.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 74"
21449,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,74,e44,74,1,Food,47,Special Food,Fruit sacrificed to the gods.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 74"
21450,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Fresh berries soaked, boiled until tender, ground with clay and stored for winter use.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
21451,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,157,Navajo,72,f96,19,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Plant considered to be a sacred plant.,"Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 19"
21710,2344,Machaeranthera alta A. Nels.,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used as a rub on pimples.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
21711,2345,Machaeranthera canescens ssp. canescens var. canescens,157,Navajo,74,e44,82,2,Drug,118,Nose Medicine,Dried and pulverized plant used as a snuff for nose troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82"
21712,2345,Machaeranthera canescens ssp. canescens var. canescens,157,Navajo,74,e44,82,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Dried and pulverized plant used as a snuff for throat troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 82"
21729,2350,Machaeranthera parviflora Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,148,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Plant used as a purgative.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 148"
21730,2351,Machaeranthera pinnatifida ssp. pinnatifida,157,Navajo,141,h56,151,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant or some part of it used for headaches.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
21891,2372,Mahonia fremontii (Torr.) Fedde,157,Navajo,74,e44,48,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots and bark used as a yellow dye for buckskin.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 48"
21993,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,157,Navajo,74,e44,48,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of leaves and twigs taken for rheumatic stiffness.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 48"
22313,2394,Malus pumila P. Mill.,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,5,Dye,289,Red-Yellow,Bark used to make a red yellow dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
22363,2406,Mammillaria sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,64,1,Food,,,Flesh used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 64"
22432,2417,Marrubium vulgare L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of plant taken for sore throats.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
22801,2444,Mentha sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Used with sage, red penstemon, red willow, scrub oak & chokecherry as medicine for Shooting Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
22911,2454,Mentzelia multiflora (Nutt.) Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,161,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Plant used as an emetic.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 161"
22912,2454,Mentzelia multiflora (Nutt.) Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,63,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 63"
22913,2454,Mentzelia multiflora (Nutt.) Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,63,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Leaves chewed and sprayed with the mouth on offerings before and after making prayersticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 63"
23048,2488,Mirabilis multiflora (Torr.) Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,161,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant used for rheumatism.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 161"
23049,2488,Mirabilis multiflora (Torr.) Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,161,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for 'swellings.',"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 161"
23050,2488,Mirabilis multiflora (Torr.) Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,161,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Plant used for various mouth disorders.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 161"
23082,2493,Mirabilis sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,5,Dye,150,Brown,Petals boiled and used as a light brown dye for wool.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
23083,2493,Mirabilis sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,5,Dye,161,Purple,Petals boiled and used as a purple dye for wool.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
23084,2493,Mirabilis sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,5,Dye,136,Red,Petals boiled for about fifteen minutes and used as a light red dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
23085,2493,Mirabilis sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,46,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Petals boiled for about fifteen minutes and used as a muddy yellow dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
23247,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Cold infusion of plant used as a wash for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
23295,2507,Monarda pectinata Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,153,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 153"
23313,2508,Monarda punctata L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,73,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Plant hung in the hogan for the pleasing odor.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 73"
23513,2536,Muhlenbergia cuspidata (Torr. ex Hook.) Rydb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,25,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Stems used to make hair brushes and brooms for sweeping out the hogan.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25"
23514,2537,Muhlenbergia dubia Fourn. ex Hemsl.,157,Navajo,141,h56,153,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Compound poultice with roots applied to make sheep's blood cake.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 153"
23522,2541,Muhlenbergia pungens Thurb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,26,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,"Stems, pulled out of their sheaths when dry, tied with string and used as brooms and brushes.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26"
23545,2544,Muhlenbergia sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,25,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Used in the making of brushes and brooms.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 25"
23632,2573,Neomammillaria sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,64,1,Food,,,Spines removed and used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 64"
23756,2577,Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,75,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Smoked after the feast following the completion of the masks for the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 75"
23757,2577,Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,75,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used for filling ceremonial prayersticks in the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 75"
23866,2581,Nicotiana obtusifolia var. palmeri (Gray) Kartesz,157,Navajo,74,e44,75,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used for filling ceremonial prayersticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 75"
23950,2586,Nicotiana sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,74,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Infusion of leaves given to the patient in a painted turtle shell during the Raven Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 74"
23951,2586,Nicotiana sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,74,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for sores caused by the handling or burning a raven's nest.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 74"
23984,2587,Nicotiana tabacum L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,75,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,"Sacred plant depicted with beans, corn & squash in the first sacred painting of the Mountain Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 75"
24031,2590,Nolina microcarpa S. Wats.,157,Navajo,76,j31,35,5,Dye,,,Plant used to make a dye for blankets.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
24338,2629,Oenothera sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,66,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Compound infusion of plants used as a wash for sore skin.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 66"
24724,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,27,Beverage,Plant used to make fruit juice.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24725,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Pad pulp formed into cakes, dried, stored for later use and fried or roasted.","Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24726,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,85,Candy,"Pad strips peeled, parboiled, boiled and used as chewing gum.","Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24727,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,85,Candy,"Pads peeled, sliced, roasted, boiled in sugar water, dried and eaten like candy.","Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24728,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,131,Cooking Agent,"Seed flour used to thicken soups, puddings or fruit dishes.","Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24729,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Plant eaten dried.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24730,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24731,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,1,Preserves,"Pads peeled, sliced, roasted, boiled in sugar water until dissolved into a syrup & eaten like jelly.","Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24732,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,1,Preserves,Plant used to make jelly.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24733,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,75,Staple,Dried seeds ground into flour.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24734,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,,,"Pads parboiled, peeled, sliced, boiled in salted water and eaten.","Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24735,2665,Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,14,1,Food,,,Plant eaten fresh.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
24760,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,157,Navajo,74,e44,65,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant used as a poison for hunting.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 65"
24761,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,157,Navajo,74,e44,65,5,Dye,136,Red,"Dead, ripe fruits used to make a cardinal dye.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 65"
24762,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,157,Navajo,74,e44,65,5,Dye,136,Red,Fruit used to dye wool pink.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 65"
24763,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,157,Navajo,74,e44,65,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Juice used to adhere buckskin cuttings and trimmings to the buckskin war shirt.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 65"
24838,2670,Opuntia sp.,157,Navajo,141,h56,161,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for boils.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 161"
24839,2670,Opuntia sp.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Fruit with thorns rubbed off, dried and used for food.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
24840,2670,Opuntia sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,64,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Fruits split, sun dried and used for food.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 64"
24841,2670,Opuntia sp.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit boiled and eaten plain or boiled with dried peaches.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
24842,2670,Opuntia sp.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Juice mixed with sugar and used to make syrup.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
24843,2670,Opuntia sp.,157,Navajo,19,c35,37,1,Food,,,Tunas stewed with dried peaches and eaten.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 37"
24844,2670,Opuntia sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,64,3,Other,167,Designs,Plant shape used as form for figures in the sandpainting of the Cactus People for the Wind Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 64"
24894,2677,Oreoxis alpina ssp. alpina,157,Navajo,74,e44,67,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Plant, greasewood and wild privet used as a medicine for the Coyote Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 67"
24906,2682,Orobanche fasciculata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,77,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves used as wash for sores.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 77"
24907,2682,Orobanche fasciculata Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,153,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of plant applied to wounds and open sores.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 153"
24918,2686,Orobanche sp.,157,Navajo,141,h56,153,2,Drug,18,Other,Plant used for infections.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 153"
25243,2718,Oxytropis lambertii Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plant offered to the bighorn at the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
25260,2723,Oxytropis sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Plant used for rabies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
25261,2723,Oxytropis sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion of crushed leaves taken for bronchial and esophagus troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
25262,2723,Oxytropis sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,57,1,Food,5,Forage,"Plant used by sheep, in the spring, for forage.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 57"
25456,2738,Panicum capillare L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,26,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26"
25559,2759,Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr) A.S. Hitchc.,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Used as part of the medicine the patient takes in the Mountain Chant Ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
25560,2759,Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr) A.S. Hitchc.,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Used on ramadas for shade.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
25618,2766,Pectis angustifolia Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,119,Carminative,Plant used as a carminative.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
25619,2766,Pectis angustifolia Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used in the liniment for the Chiricahua Apache Wind Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
25620,2766,Pectis angustifolia Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Crushed leaves used for stomachaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
25833,2802,Penstemon barbatus ssp. torreyi (Benth.) Keck,157,Navajo,74,e44,77,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of plants taken as a diuretic.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 77"
25940,2821,Penstemon sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,77,2,Drug,114,Snake Bite Remedy,Infusion taken and poultice of pounded leaves applied to rattlesnake bites.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 77"
25941,2821,Penstemon sp.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,1,Food,27,Beverage,Used to make beverages.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
25942,2821,Penstemon sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,77,1,Food,27,Beverage,Used to make tea.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 77"
25943,2821,Penstemon sp.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant browsed by animals.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
26224,2845,Petradoria pumila (Nutt.) Greene,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Flowering tops mixed with wild rhubarb and used as a yellow dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
26354,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,56,Soup,Beans boiled and used in stews.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
26355,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Beans formed a large part of the vegetable diet.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
26437,2881,Phlox caespitosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Plant used for burns.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
26438,2881,Phlox caespitosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Plant used as a cathartic.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
26439,2881,Phlox caespitosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,70,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Crushed plant and other plants used to make the Night Chant liniment.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 70"
26440,2881,Phlox caespitosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used in medicine ceremonies.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
26441,2881,Phlox caespitosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Plant used as a diuretic.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
26442,2881,Phlox caespitosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used for childbirth.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
26443,2881,Phlox caespitosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Plant used as toothache medicine.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
26516,2895,Phoradendron juniperinum Engelm. ex Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for warts.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
26517,2895,Phoradendron juniperinum Engelm. ex Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for warts.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
26518,2895,Phoradendron juniperinum Engelm. ex Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,1,Food,27,Beverage,Stems used to make tea.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
26519,2895,Phoradendron juniperinum Engelm. ex Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 42"
26550,2898,Phoradendron sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used in the War Dance liniment.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
26551,2898,Phoradendron sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,3,Other,58,Protection,Twigs hung over the doorway of a hogan for protection from lightning.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
26603,2901,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.,157,Navajo,74,e44,26,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Reeds made into frames, like kite frames, and carried by dancers on last night of Mountain Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26"
26604,2901,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.,157,Navajo,74,e44,26,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Reeds used to make prayersticks for the Mountain Chant Ceremony. The reeds were first rubbed with a polishing stone to remove the silicious surface in order that the paint might adhere well.  The reeds were then rubbed with finely powdered tobacco or sometimes with snakeweed.  Afterwards the reed was cut into four pieces (or ten pieces for the second ceremony).  When this was finished, the sticks were colored and yucca inserted to serve as handles.  The sections were then filled with some kind of tobacco.  These had to be kept in order.  The section growing nearest the ground was segment number one, the next number two and so on.  It was also important that the side of the reed growing toward the east be indicated, so the painting would be done on the side having that exposure.  This made it more potent.  Fifty-two prayer sticks were made for the evening of the third day of the Night Chant.  Of these, four were made of sections of reed, twelve of mountain mahogany, twelve of russian olive, twelve of sierra juniper and twelve of cherry.  The first people, according to the Navajo, were supposed to have come up to this earth on a reed.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26"
26605,2901,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.,157,Navajo,74,e44,26,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Stems used to make arrow shafts.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26"
26689,2915,Physalis lanceolata Michx.,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
26708,2918,Physalis pubescens L.,157,Navajo,121,l86,17,1,Food,52,Fruit,Sour berries mixed with honey and eaten.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 17"
26709,2918,Physalis pubescens L.,157,Navajo,121,l86,17,1,Food,1,Preserves,Sour berries used to make jam.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 17"
26710,2918,Physalis pubescens L.,157,Navajo,121,l86,17,1,Food,75,Staple,"Berries dried, ground into a flour and stored for winter use.","Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 17"
26725,2920,Physalis subulata var. neomexicana (Rydb.) Waterfall ex Kartesz & Gandhi,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,52,Fruit,Raw fruit used for food.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
26760,2926,Physaria newberryi Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,49,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Plant used as a snuff for catarrh.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 49"
27132,2936,Picea pungens Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,20,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Branches used for the Chant of the Sun's House.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 20"
27298,2939,Picea sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Plant used for 'Shooting, Witch, Lightning and Night Chant' ceremonies.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27299,2939,Picea sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Used to make an arrow and shot over the person to revive them from fainting.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27300,2939,Picea sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Used to make hoops, dresses, collars, bows and arrows for many different ceremonies.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27301,2939,Picea sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,17,Tools,"Twigs used as beaters to make a high, stiff, lasting lather of yucca roots and water.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27602,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Needles used in the medicine for the 'War Dance.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27603,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Pitch painted all over the patient in the War Dance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27604,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gum with tallow and red clay and used as a salve on open cuts and sores.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27605,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for cuts and sores.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
27606,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Resin used as an emetic.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
27607,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,5,Dye,108,Black,"Gum used to make black dye. A black dye was made from pinyon gum, the leaves and twigs of sumac and a native yellow ocher.  The sumac leaves were put in water and allowed to boil until the mixture became strong.  While this was boiling, the ocher was powdered and roasted.  Pinyon gum was then added to the ocher and the whole roasted again.  As roasting proceeded, the gum melted and finally the mixture was reduced to a black powder.  This was cooled and thrown into the sumac mixture, forming a rich blue-black fluid which was essentially an ink.  When this process was finished the wool was put in and allowed to boil until it was dyed the right shade.  This same dye was also used to color leather and buckskin.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27608,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Boughs used to build the corral for public exhibitions at the close of a ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27609,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Logs used to make hogans for ordinary and ceremonial purposes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27610,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make various parts of the cradle.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27611,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,21,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Ground nuts formed into cakes.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 21"
27612,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,1,Food,85,Candy,Sap used as a chewing gum.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27613,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,21,1,Food,44,Porridge,Nuts boiled into a gruel.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 21"
27614,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,1,Preserves,"Nuts roasted, cracked and shelled on a metate, ground fine, made into butter and used with bread.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
27615,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,1,Food,1,Preserves,Roasted nuts mashed into a butter.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27616,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,21,1,Food,47,Special Food,Ground nuts rolled into balls and eaten as a delicacy.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 21"
27617,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,19,c35,40,1,Food,75,Staple,"Nuts hulled, parched and ground with corn meal to make a flour.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 40"
27618,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,19,c35,32,1,Food,,,Hardened resinous secretions chewed.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 32"
27619,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,21,1,Food,,,Nuts eaten raw or roasted directly from the shell.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 21"
27620,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,19,c35,40,1,Food,,,"Nuts hulled, roasted and eaten without further preparation.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 40"
27621,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
27622,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Nuts gathered and sold or traded.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27623,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,61,rhf16,41,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,"Nuts sold to the Hano, Jemez and the Keresan Pueblos.","Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 41"
27624,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,121,l86,21,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Nuts sold to the nearest trading posts.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 21"
27625,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,19,c35,40,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Seeds gathered in large quantities and sold or traded.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 40"
27626,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Seeds used as a commercial crop.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
27627,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Branches used to make the circle of branches for the Mountain Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27628,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Bunches of needles carried in each hand by dancers on the last night of the Mountain Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27629,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Pitch smeared on burier's body before burying person & on forehead & under the eyes during mourning.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27630,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Sapling, stripped of its branches, carried by the Talking God on the fourth day of the Night Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27631,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Tree used for ceremonial purposes. On the ninth day of the Night Chant, The Slayer of Alien Gods and The Child of the Water deposit their cigarettes in the shade of a tree, preferably a pinon, while The Shooting Divinity lays hers on the ground in a cluster of snakeweed.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27632,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood charcoal used to make the best black for sandpaintings.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27633,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make ceremonial pokers and wands.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27634,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Resin used to cement turquoise in jewelry.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
27635,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for firewood.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27636,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,"Dried gum, together with parts of different birds, used as an incense for ceremonial fumigation.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27637,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,125,Jewelry,"Dried seeds used to make necklaces, bracelets, anklets and wristlets.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27638,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,17,Tools,"Wood used to make loom poles, beams and uprights used in the construction of looms.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27639,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,21,3,Other,154,Waterproofing Agent,"Gum used to make water bottles water tight. The gum was heated and poured into the jar, and by turning the jar, the melted gum was brought in contact with the entire inner surface, after which the surplus was poured off.  The outside was also covered with the gum to which a red clay had been added so that the bottle, when finished, had a reddish hue.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 21"
27640,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,157,Navajo,141,h56,162,3,Other,154,Waterproofing Agent,Resin used to waterproof containers.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 162"
27714,2961,Pinus flexilis James,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make the small bow and arrow used in the Witch and Shooting Chants.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
27982,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Pollen used in the 'Night Chant' medicine.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28162,2976,Pinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Needles, in water, used ceremonially. In the first ceremony of the fourth day of the Mountain Chant, the medicine man carried a bowl of pine needles in water, in which the patient washed both hands.  He then drank some of it, and finally bathed his feet and legs to the thighs, his arms and shoulders, his body and then his face and head, before he emptied the remainder over his back.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28163,2976,Pinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark used as a covering for summer shelters.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28164,2976,Pinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Gum mixed with gypsum and used as a white paste on the 'spirits of the fire' in the Fire Dance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28165,2976,Pinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make the bull roarer for some ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28166,2976,Pinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to make the trays for the colored powders used in the sandpaintings.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28167,2976,Pinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,3,Other,32,Containers,Wood used to make a tinderbox for fire by friction.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28168,2976,Pinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used extensively for firewood.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28169,2976,Pinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Wood used to make the ball for the game, shinny.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28170,2976,Pinus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,3,Other,154,Waterproofing Agent,Gum used to make water bottles water tight.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
28493,3004,Plantago patagonica Jacq.,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of seeds given to babies when they 'spoil' (colic or constipation).,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
28494,3004,Plantago patagonica Jacq.,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of seeds given to babies when they 'spoil' (colic or constipation).,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
28495,3004,Plantago patagonica Jacq.,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of seeds given to babies when they 'spoil' (colic or constipation).,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
29176,3094,Populus angustifolia James,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Soft wood used for parts of the cradle.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
29177,3094,Populus angustifolia James,157,Navajo,45,r29,159,1,Food,85,Candy,Buds used as chewing gum.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 159"
29178,3094,Populus angustifolia James,157,Navajo,45,r29,159,1,Food,,,Buds used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 159"
29450,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,"Wood used for firewood, fenceposts, vigas (heavy rafters) yand tinder boxes.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
29451,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make cradles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
29452,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,157,Navajo,45,r29,159,1,Food,85,Candy,Buds used as chewing gum.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 159"
29453,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,1,Food,85,Candy,"Sap or catkins, alone or mixed with animal fat, used for chewing gum.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
29454,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,157,Navajo,45,r29,159,1,Food,,,Buds used for food.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 159"
29455,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to carve dolls and images of some animals for ceremonial purposes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
29456,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,32,Containers,Wood used to make tinder boxes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
29457,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for firewood.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
29458,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make wooden tubes for the bellows used in silversmithing.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
29557,3105,Populus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Boughs used to make the circular or oval summer shelter.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
29558,3105,Populus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to carve the image of a duck for the Water Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
29559,3105,Populus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make prayersticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
29560,3105,Populus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,3,Other,32,Containers,Wood used to make tinderboxes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
29561,3105,Populus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,3,Other,37,Fuel,Sticks used in making fire by friction and fiber used for tinder.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
29562,3105,Populus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make the frame of the loom.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
29563,3105,Populus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make clubs for the moccasin game.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
29564,3105,Populus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make dice.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
29636,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Tree important to the Sun's House Chant. This tree, according to legend, has the distinction of being the first tree against which the bear rubs his back in the Sun's House Chant.  The others are red willow, fir and chokecherry.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
29781,3116,Portulaca oleracea L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for pain.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
29782,3116,Portulaca oleracea L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant taken for stomachaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
29783,3116,Portulaca oleracea L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Plant used to 'cure sick people.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
29784,3116,Portulaca oleracea L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used as a good sheep forage.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
29785,3116,Portulaca oleracea L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,1,Food,,,Plants used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
29786,3116,Portulaca oleracea L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
29787,3116,Portulaca oleracea L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,47,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
29993,3154,Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa,157,Navajo,74,e44,58,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 58"
30275,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,5,Dye,136,Red,Roots used as a red dye for wool.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30539,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Dried fruit used as a purgative.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30540,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Plant used as a purgative.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
30541,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Leaves used as a yellow dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30688,3178,Prunus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,5,Dye,121,Green,Fruits used to make a green dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30689,3178,Prunus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,5,Dye,161,Purple,Roots used to make a purple dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30690,3178,Prunus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten as soon as they were picked.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30691,3178,Prunus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make a staff carried by the Humpback in the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30692,3178,Prunus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make prayersticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30921,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Wood used to make dance implements, prayersticks and square hoops for ceremonies.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30922,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Tree sacred to the Navajo.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
30999,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,2,Drug,,,"Fruit and seeds ground raw, patted into a cake, sun dried and used for medicinal purposes.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
31000,3183,Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg.,157,Navajo,19,c35,46,1,Food,44,Porridge,Fruits cooked into a gruel with corn meal.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46"
31179,3199,Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco,157,Navajo,61,rhf16,42,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Bartered with the Hano for corn and meal.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 42"
31285,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,157,Navajo,74,e44,23,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Branches used in the Shooting Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23"
31374,3206,Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,58,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Leaves smoked by the masker after the feast celebrating the completion of masks for the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 58"
31615,3227,Punica granatum L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,66,3,Other,125,Jewelry,Blossoms used to make necklaces.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 66"
31654,3230,Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,5,Dye,150,Brown,Pounded leaves and stems mixed with pounded juniper and used to make a tan dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
31655,3230,Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,5,Dye,182,Yellow-Brown,Pounded leaves and stems mixed with pounded juniper and used to make a yellow brown dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
31656,3230,Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Softened bark used as backing for cradle boards and as stuffing for pillows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
31657,3230,Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson,157,Navajo,141,h56,159,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used for deer and livestock forage.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 159"
31658,3230,Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make arrows for the Mountain Chant Ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
31659,3230,Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood used to make female prayersticks for the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
31660,3230,Purshia stansburiana (Torr.) Henrickson,157,Navajo,74,e44,53,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Softened bark used to stuff baseballs.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53"
31679,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant taken during confinement.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
31680,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Bark used for diapers.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
31681,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,157,Navajo,141,h56,154,1,Food,5,Forage,Considered an important browse plant.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154"
31682,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,157,Navajo,74,e44,54,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make arrows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 54"
32113,3264,Quercus gambelii var. gambelii,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,,,Acorns seldom used for food.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
32342,3284,Quercus pungens Liebm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,5,Dye,150,Brown,Bark exudation used as a tan dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
32343,3284,Quercus pungens Liebm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,1,Food,85,Candy,Gum used for chewing gum.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
32344,3284,Quercus pungens Liebm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood charcoal used as the black for sandpaintings.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
32345,3284,Quercus pungens Liebm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,3,Other,26,Paint,Gum used for painting arrows between the feathers.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
32346,3284,Quercus pungens Liebm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,41,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make batten for weaving.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
32458,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Twigs used as the framework of a temporary carrying basket. A temporary carrying basket was made of two staves or bows of oak twigs crossed in the center and brought upwards to the hoop.  This framework was then covered with sheep or goatskin.  These carrying baskets were usually made in the field for carrying yucca fruits.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32459,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,1,Food,75,Staple,Dried acorns ground into flour.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32460,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,1,Food,,,Acorns boiled like beans and roasted over coals.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32461,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Curled twig used as a drum stick in the War Dance Ceremony.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32462,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Sticks inserted in crevice above door during the dedication and purification of the hogan.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32463,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used to make digging sticks for the Female Shooting Life Chant for digging medicinal roots.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32464,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Wood used, because of it's hardness and great resisting power, in nearly all of the ceremonies.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32465,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,32,Containers,Acorn shells used to hold medicine and a humming bird was made to sip from each shell.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32466,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Used to make throwing sticks. The Navajo throwing stick, which was of oak, was made by whittling the piece down to the shape of a batten and then heating it and bending it over the knee to give it a slight curve.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32467,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,17,Tools,Concave hole in wood used as a die to make metallic hemispheres for beads and sunflower blossoms.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32468,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make batten stick for weaving.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32469,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make hoes and digging sticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32470,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Stick curved in hot ashes to make a 'j' shaped stick or bat for shinny and other games.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32471,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Sticks kicked out of the ground while playing 'football.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32472,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,98,Weapon,"Branches used to make clubs. In warfare, clubs were used by some of the warriors.  The older type consisted of a grooved stone, which was hafted by twisting a small branch from an oak twice around the grooved section of the stone and tying the free ends together.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32473,3289,Quercus sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,40,3,Other,98,Weapon,Wood used to make the bow carried into war.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40"
32614,3250,Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella],157,Navajo,74,e44,41,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make batten sticks and bows for the baby's cradle.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
32615,3250,Quercus ?pauciloba Rydb. (pro sp.) [gambelii ? turbinella],157,Navajo,74,e44,41,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make batten sticks and bows for the baby's cradle.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 41"
32670,3304,Ranunculus cymbalaria Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Plant used for syphilis.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
33179,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,5,Dye,108,Black,Leaves used to make black dye for baskets and leather.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33180,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,5,Dye,55,Blue,Used to make a blue dye.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33181,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,5,Dye,105,Mordant,Ashes used in setting dyes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33182,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Split stems used to make baskets.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33183,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make carrying baskets.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33184,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Used to sew water bottles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33185,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Berries ground, washed, mixed with water and used as a beverage.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
33186,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,121,l86,26,1,Food,27,Beverage,Berries used to make juice.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 26"
33187,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Berries used to make cakes.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
33188,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,121,l86,26,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried for future use.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 26"
33189,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries boiled with meat.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
33190,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten as they come off the bush.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33191,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,19,c35,48,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 48"
33192,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits ground with sugar in a little water and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33193,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Berries ground, mixed with flour and sugar and made into a mush.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
33194,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,19,c35,48,1,Food,44,Porridge,Fruits cooked into a gruel with corn meal.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 48"
33195,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Fruits ground into a meal, cooked with cornmeal and eaten as a gruel.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33196,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,121,l86,26,1,Food,75,Staple,Berries ground into a flour.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 26"
33197,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,1,Food,75,Staple,Fruits ground into a meal and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33198,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Branch, with eagle down attached, carried by the dancers on the last night of the Mountain Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33199,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Pollen used in some ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33200,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Twigs used to make a light frame for the bag carried by the Hunchback in the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33201,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood tied with yucca and used to make circle prayersticks.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33202,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,32,Containers,Used to make 'bugaboos' to subdue insubordinate children.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33203,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,32,Containers,Used to make water bottles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33204,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,38,Decorations,Twigs painted white and used to decorate masks for the Fringe Mouths in the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33205,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Small, sharpened stick driven into the reed shaft of an arrow and fastened with sinew.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33206,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33207,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Used to make sacred baskets to hold sacred meal for rites.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33433,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
33434,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make arrow shafts.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
33435,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,157,Navajo,74,e44,52,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make the distaff used in spinning.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 52"
33541,3374,Ribes inerme Rydb.,157,Navajo,141,h56,155,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten during the winter.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 155"
33788,3403,Ricinus communis L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Plant used by women to become sterile.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33789,3403,Ricinus communis L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,60,3,Other,58,Protection,Plant used in an unknown manner as a protection from the spirit of the bear.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 60"
33829,3409,Rorippa alpina (S. Wats.) Rydb.,157,Navajo,74,e44,49,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plants taken as a tonic after deliverance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 49"
34273,3436,Rosa woodsii var. woodsii,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
34274,3436,Rosa woodsii var. woodsii,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used as a medicine in the Sun's House Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
34275,3436,Rosa woodsii var. woodsii,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make needles for leather work.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
34361,3443,Rubus arizonensis Focke,157,Navajo,74,e44,55,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
35301,3485,Rumex crispus L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,155,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Plant used for fainting.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 155"
35376,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,121,l86,30,2,Drug,,,Plant used for medicine.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 30"
35377,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,5,Dye,150,Brown,"Dried, ground roots used as a brown dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely.  When ready for use, the dried roots were ground.  By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red.  Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained.  If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye.  When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
35378,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,11,c49,51,5,Dye,150,Brown,Roots boiled and used to make a medium brown dye for yarn.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 51"
35379,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,5,Dye,121,Green,"Dried, ground roots used as a green dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely.  When ready for use, the dried roots were ground.  By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red.  Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained.  If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye.  When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
35380,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,5,Dye,193,Orange,"Dried, ground roots used as a orange dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely.  When ready for use, the dried roots were ground.  By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red.  Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained.  If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye.  When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
35381,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,5,Dye,136,Red,"Dried, ground roots used as a red dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely.  When ready for use, the dried roots were ground.  By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red.  Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained.  If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye.  When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
35382,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Dried, ground roots used as a yellow dye. The roots were sometimes dried and stored indefinitely.  When ready for use, the dried roots were ground.  By this aging process, various shades were obtained, from a greyed yellow to a dull red.  Several handfuls of the fresh roots boiled in water yield a lemon yellow, and when more of the root was used and boiled longer, a soft orange or orange brown was obtained.  If the mixture was boiled in an iron vessel, the reaction formed a red brown or mahogany dye.  When mixed with indigo, a green dye was produced.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
35383,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Fresh, crushed roots mixed with alum, made into soft paste and rubbed into wool as a gold dye.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
35384,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,121,l86,30,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds used to make mush.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 30"
35385,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,121,l86,30,1,Food,,,Leaves roasted in ashes or boiled and served with butter or chopped and fried with mutton grease.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 30"
35386,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,43,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Stems baked and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 43"
35565,3508,Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used for headaches.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
35816,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,155,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves used to make a drink 'like orange juice.',"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 155"
35817,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,155,1,Food,50,Fodder,Leaves and bark used as food for both wild and domesticated animals.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 155"
35818,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,155,1,Food,5,Forage,Leaves and bark used as food for both wild and domesticated animals.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 155"
36226,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Branches used to make permanent carrying baskets.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36227,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Branches used to make a braided strap worn across the forehead to support a water bottle.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36228,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Branches used to make cradle canopies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36229,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Branches used to make prayersticks, prayerstick foundations and plumed wands.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36230,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Peeled sticks made into the talisman used in the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36231,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Sticks used for the Night Chant and Mountain Chant. For the first day's ceremony of the Mountain Chant, willow sticks were gathered to make the emblem of the concentration of the four winds.  A square was made with these sticks, leaving the ends projecting at the corners.  The square was then placed over the invalid's head.  For the rite of charcoal painting in the Night chant, a quantity of willow sticks, together with several pieces of pine bark, were burned to charcoal.  The ashes of two different kinds of weeds, together with the ashes of two small feathers, were then added to the fat of a goat, mountain sheep or other animal, made into balls and daubed on the usual parts of the body.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36232,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,32,Containers,Branches used to make or sew water bottles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36233,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Branches hardened by pounding with a stone and used to make lances.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36234,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Branches used to make arrowshafts.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36235,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,17,Tools,Branches made into heddle sticks and used in weaving.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36236,3551,Salix sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,38,3,Other,17,Tools,Branches made into hoops and used inside the buckskin sack of a bellows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 38"
36350,3554,Salsola tragus L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of chewed plants applied to ant, bee and wasp stings.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
36351,3554,Salsola tragus L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,155,1,Food,,,Roasted seeds used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 155"
36352,3554,Salsola tragus L.,157,Navajo,121,l86,27,1,Food,,,Sprouts boiled and eaten with butter or small pieces of mutton fat.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 27"
36353,3554,Salsola tragus L.,157,Navajo,121,l86,27,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Very young, raw sprouts chopped into salads.","Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 27"
37105,3582,Sanvitalia abertii Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Plant used to increase perspiration.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
37106,3582,Sanvitalia abertii Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Plant chewed for mouth sores.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
37157,3586,Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for insect bites.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
37158,3586,Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,1,Food,5,Forage,Used as forage by sheep and eaten for the salt.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
37159,3586,Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr.,157,Navajo,141,h56,155,1,Food,52,Fruit,'Seeds' (actually fruits) used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 155"
37160,3586,Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Roots carved into an image of a snake for the Lightning Chant, Beauty Chant and Mountain Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
37161,3586,Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,3,Other,37,Fuel,Used as firewood.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
37162,3586,Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,3,Other,17,Tools,"Wood used to make planting sticks, knitting needles, heddle sticks, distaff handles used in weaving.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
37163,3586,Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make dice.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
37164,3586,Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,44,3,Other,98,Weapon,Wood used to make war bows.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 44"
37666,3642,Senecio flaccidus var. douglasii (DC.) B.L. Turner & T.M. Barkl.,157,Navajo,72,f96,19,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Plant top used as a brush to remove spines from the prickly pears.,"Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 19"
37667,3642,Senecio flaccidus var. douglasii (DC.) B.L. Turner & T.M. Barkl.,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Tops used as brooms to brush the spines from cactus fruit.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
37668,3642,Senecio flaccidus var. douglasii (DC.) B.L. Turner & T.M. Barkl.,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Plant boiled and taken before person goes into sweathouse, to get a good voice for the Night Chant.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
37689,3648,Senecio spartioides var. multicapitatus (Greenm. ex Rydb.) Welsh,157,Navajo,141,h56,156,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plants used as a steam bath for sores.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 156"
37785,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,156,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Berries taken for fevers.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 156"
37786,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,156,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Dried fruit used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 156"
37787,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,156,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 156"
37943,3662,Shinnersoseris rostrata (Gray) S. Tomb,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Plant smoked as a sedative.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
37944,3662,Shinnersoseris rostrata (Gray) S. Tomb,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plant offered to the antelope at the Corral Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
38081,3691,Sisymbrium altissimum L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds used, with goat's milk, to make a mush.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
38095,3693,Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used by horses for forage.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
38096,3693,Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds ground and eaten as a mush or gruel.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
38097,3693,Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,56,Soup,"Parched, ground seeds used to make soup or stew.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
38098,3693,Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.,157,Navajo,19,c35,22,1,Food,56,Soup,"Seeds parched, ground into meal and made into soup or stew.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 22"
38123,3700,Sisyrinchium mucronatum Michx.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,2,Drug,118,Nose Medicine,Plant used for nose troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
38124,3700,Sisyrinchium mucronatum Michx.,157,Navajo,74,e44,37,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Plant used for throat troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 37"
38271,3720,Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.,157,Navajo,74,e44,75,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Plant used for sore eyes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 75"
38272,3720,Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,118,Nose Medicine,Plant used for nose troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
38273,3720,Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Plant used for throat troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
38274,3720,Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,222,1,Food,131,Cooking Agent,Dried or fresh berries added to goat's milk to make it curdle for cheese.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222"
38286,3721,Solanum fendleri Gray ex Torr.,157,Navajo,141,h56,163,2,Drug,119,Carminative,Raw tubers taken for gastric distress from hyperacidity.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 163"
38287,3721,Solanum fendleri Gray ex Torr.,157,Navajo,141,h56,163,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Raw tubers taken for gastric distress from hyperacidity.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 163"
38298,3722,Solanum jamesii Torr.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Potatoes mixed with white clay to remove the astringent effect on the mouth and eaten like mush.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
38299,3722,Solanum jamesii Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,75,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Tubers eaten raw, boiled or baked.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 75"
38441,3739,Solidago nemoralis Ait.,157,Navajo,74,e44,88,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Plant used as an incense.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 88"
38523,3756,Sophora nuttalliana B.L. Turner,157,Navajo,74,e44,58,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used by sheep for forage.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 58"
38627,3771,Sphaeralcea angustifolia (Cav.) G. Don,157,Navajo,74,e44,63,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Roots used as a ceremonial medicine.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 63"
38628,3771,Sphaeralcea angustifolia (Cav.) G. Don,157,Navajo,141,h56,163,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Plant used for colds.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 163"
38629,3771,Sphaeralcea angustifolia (Cav.) G. Don,157,Navajo,141,h56,163,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Plant used for coughs.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 163"
38630,3771,Sphaeralcea angustifolia (Cav.) G. Don,157,Navajo,141,h56,163,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Plant used for influenza.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 163"
38631,3771,Sphaeralcea angustifolia (Cav.) G. Don,157,Navajo,74,e44,63,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 63"
38658,3773,Sphaeralcea coccinea ssp. coccinea,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Infusion of plants used to stop bleeding.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
38659,3773,Sphaeralcea coccinea ssp. coccinea,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Infusion of plants taken for diseases produced by witchcraft.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
38660,3773,Sphaeralcea coccinea ssp. coccinea,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Roots chewed during food shortages.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
38775,3805,Sporobolus contractus A.S. Hitchc.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds used to make bread.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
38786,3806,Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,26,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Seeds ground to make dumplings, rolls, griddle cakes and tortillas.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26"
38787,3806,Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,163,1,Food,5,Forage,Used as forage by animals.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 163"
38837,3818,Stanleya pinnata (Pursh) Britt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,2,Drug,177,Gland Medicine,Poultice of plants applied to glandular swellings.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
38898,3825,Stenotus lanuginosus var. lanuginosus,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant used for indigestion.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
38899,3825,Stenotus lanuginosus var. lanuginosus,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,118,Nose Medicine,Plant used for nose troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
38900,3825,Stenotus lanuginosus var. lanuginosus,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Plant used for sore gums.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
38901,3825,Stenotus lanuginosus var. lanuginosus,157,Navajo,74,e44,96,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Plant used for throat troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96"
38902,3825,Stenotus lanuginosus var. lanuginosus,157,Navajo,74,e44,80,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Plant used as a toothache medicine.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 80"
39014,3846,Suaeda moquinii (Torr.) Greene,157,Navajo,74,e44,45,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds boiled into a gruel.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 45"
39280,3887,Tagetes micrantha Cav.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Plants used for colds.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
39281,3887,Tagetes micrantha Cav.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Plants used for fevers.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
39282,3887,Tagetes micrantha Cav.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plants used for stomach troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
39283,3887,Tagetes micrantha Cav.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,18,Other,Plants used for 'summer complaint.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
39642,3914,Tetradymia canescens DC.,157,Navajo,141,h56,156,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of plant used as bath for (inducing?) menstruation.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 156"
39712,3923,Thalictrum fendleri Engelm. ex Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,48,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used to make tea to drink and bathe in on fifth night after blackening ceremony of War Dance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 48"
39776,3933,Thelesperma longipes Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,1,Food,112,Substitution Food,Leaves and stems used as a substitute for tea.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
39788,3934,Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Infusion of leaves and stems taken as a 'nervous stimulant.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
39789,3934,Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Infusion of leaves and stems taken for the teeth.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
39790,3934,Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,1,Food,112,Substitution Food,Leaves and stems used as a substitute for tea.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
39796,3935,Thelesperma subnudum Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,5,Dye,193,Orange,"Leaves, stems and blossoms used as an orange dye for wool.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
39799,3938,Thelypodium wrightii Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for swellings.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
40422,3968,Townsendia exscapa (Richards.) Porter,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Chewed and spit upon ceremonial knots to unravel them, 'untying medicine.'","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
40427,3969,Townsendia incana Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,156,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used in labor to facilitate delivery of the baby.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 156"
40430,3970,Townsendia sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used to accelerate deliverance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
40434,3971,Townsendia strigosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Decoction of crushed, dried leaves taken for stomach troubles.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
40435,3971,Townsendia strigosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,"Decoction of crushed, dried leaves taken to accelerate deliverance.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
40436,3971,Townsendia strigosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,118,Nose Medicine,"Dried, pulverized plants used as a snuff for nose troubles.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
40437,3971,Townsendia strigosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,"Dried, pulverized plants used as a snuff for throat troubles.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
40438,3971,Townsendia strigosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Chewed by Night Chant chanter & spit upon prayersticks to facilitate the disentanglement of string.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
40439,3971,Townsendia strigosa Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,89,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Juice spat upon the wand used in the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 89"
40526,3985,Tragopogon porrifolius L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,156,1,Food,27,Beverage,Latex used as milk.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 156"
40549,3993,Tribulus terrestris L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,163,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used as a traditional ceremonial medicine.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 163"
41274,4049,Typha latifolia L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Leaves used to make ceremonial necklaces and wristbands for the Male Shooting Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
41275,4049,Typha latifolia L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,24,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Pollen used in the ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 24"
42829,4106,Verbascum thapsus L.,157,Navajo,141,h56,156,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Plants 'lighted and smoked for worms in sheep's nose.',"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 156"
42899,4116,Verbesina encelioides ssp. exauriculata (Robins. & Greenm.) J.R. Coleman,157,Navajo,74,e44,90,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Infusion of dried, crushed leaves taken for stomach troubles.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 90"
42900,4116,Verbesina encelioides ssp. exauriculata (Robins. & Greenm.) J.R. Coleman,157,Navajo,74,e44,90,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 90"
43209,4141,Vicia faba L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,59,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used in the Coyote Chant for medicine.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 59"
43210,4141,Vicia faba L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,59,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 59"
43211,4141,Vicia faba L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,59,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Crushed leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 59"
43374,4171,Vitis arizonica Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,62,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Vine used to make a cross & put on top of the basket of cornmeal & paper bread offered in courtship.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
43661,4211,Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,74,e44,90,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used as a liniment for the armpit to remove excessive perspiration.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 90"
43662,4211,Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray,157,Navajo,141,h56,164,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used to decrease perspiration.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 164"
43865,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,Infusion of pulverized leaves taken for vomiting.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
43866,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant used for heartburn.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
43867,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Baked or dried fruits ground, made into small cakes and roasted again.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
43868,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,58,bc41,20,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Pulp made into cakes, dried and stored for winter use.","Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 20"
43869,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,19,c35,54,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Ripe fruits dried, ground, kneaded into small cakes and slightly roasted.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54"
43870,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,41,Dessert,Fruit boiled in water with or without sugar and eaten as a dessert.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
43871,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Fruit dried and carried, when at war, with grass seeds and jerked venison.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
43872,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,121,l86,31,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruit dried for winter use.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 31"
43873,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,19,c35,54,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruits dried and stored for winter use.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54"
43874,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Ripe fruit, with seeds removed, boiled down like jam, made into rolls and dried for winter use.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
43875,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,119,steg41,221,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit rolls soaked in hot water and eaten with corn mush.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
43876,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,121,l86,31,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or baked in hot coals.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 31"
43877,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,19,c35,54,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or cooked.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54"
43878,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten when picked or cooked.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
43879,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,58,bc41,20,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten ripe or cooked.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 20"
43880,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Baked or dried fruits ground, made into cakes, roasted again, mixed with cornmeal & made into gruel.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
43881,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,121,l86,31,1,Food,44,Porridge,Dried fruit cakes boiled with cornmeal into a gruel.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 31"
43882,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,19,c35,54,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Ripe fruits dried, ground, kneaded into small cakes and boiled with cornmeal into a mush.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54"
43883,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,1,Preserves,Fruit used to make jelly.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
43884,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,121,l86,31,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes mixed with water to make a syrup and eaten with meat and bread.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 31"
43885,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,58,bc41,20,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Fruit pulp made into cakes and mixed with water to make a syrup eaten with meat or bread.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 20"
43886,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,58,bc41,20,1,Food,47,Special Food,Dried fruit eaten by warriors at war.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 20"
43887,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Baked or dried fruits ground, made into small cakes, roasted again and stored for winter use.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
43888,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Fruit cut in half, dried and stored for winter use.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
43889,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,121,l86,31,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Roots used ceremonially.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 31"
43890,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,58,bc41,36,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Stout leaves used as drumsticks.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 36"
43891,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,157,Navajo,121,l86,31,3,Other,106,Soap,Roots used to wash hair and garments.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 31"
44037,4228,Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Leaves made into scourges and used in the Night Chant. A leaf was taken from the east side of the plant and one from the west.  The leaves were then split in two and the interchanged halves bound together to form the scourge.  These scourges were carried by the different personators in the Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
44038,4228,Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,3,Other,106,Soap,Roots used for soap.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
44039,4228,Yucca elata (Engelm.) Engelm.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Used to make the 102 counting sticks for the moccasin game.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
44135,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Roots used to wash hair.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
44136,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,164,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Plant used as a laxative.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 164"
44137,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,157,Navajo,141,h56,164,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Plant used as a delirifacient a drug which produces  delirium.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 164"
44138,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or baked in ashes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
44139,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Fruit sliced and dried for winter use.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
44140,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plant used to stir the water for the ceremonial baths.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
44141,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,3,Other,106,Soap,Roots used for soap.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
44142,4230,Yucca glauca Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,33,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Used to make the 102 counting sticks for the moccasin game.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 33"
44232,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44233,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Poultice of plants applied to the head for sore throats.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44234,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Fiber used to secure the butts of the first twigs around a small stick at the bottom of the basket.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44235,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Leaf pith braid woven into a basket.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44236,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Pith twisted with mountain grass and used for roofing.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44237,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Fiber used to make knitted leggings.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44238,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Pith twisted with mountain grass and used to make leggings and shoes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44239,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Used to make moccasin uppers and dresses.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44240,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Yucca fiber and grass fiber used to make the earliest costume.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44241,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Fiber used to tie butt and tip of corn husks filled with dough.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44242,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Strands used to tie rolled skins into a rabbit skin blanket.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44243,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fiber and grass used to make sleeping mats.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44244,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Pith twisted with mountain grass and used to make mats for bedding and blankets.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44245,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,1,Food,5,Forage,Buds eaten by sheep.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44246,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Fiber used to string cakes baked for Fire God & attached to his right arm on 9th day of Night Chant.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44247,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Leaf strips intertwined with sprigs of fir and used to make necklaces and wristbands for ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44248,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Leaves used for ceremonial purposes. On the sixth day of the Mountain Chant Ceremony, before the couriers were sent on their way, a basin of water containing soap root was brought in, and after the medicine man had daubed the couriers with a little of the suds, they washed themselves from head to foot and cleaned their hair as well.  The Lashing God in the Night Chant carried a ring of yucca leaves on his back and suspended from this by its roots was a complete plant of soapweed.  He held in his hand yucca scourges which were made from the leaves taken from the east and west sides of the plant.  For the yucca that hangs at his back, a specimen was selected whose roots stuck well out of the ground and was kicked out with the foot.  Masks made of the leaves were also used in the Night Chant.  In one of the dances of the last night of the Mountain Chant, yucca was made to grow from the root through buds and flowers to the ripe fruit.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
44249,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Pitch used to cover bullroarers for some of the ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44250,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Roots, pollen and leaves used during many different ceremonies.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44251,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,32,Containers,Wood tied to stalk with shallow holes and used at the hearth to hold a fireset.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44252,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,125,Jewelry,Leaves used to make bracelets worn by scouts.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44253,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Folded leaves used as drumsticks to beat basket drums.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44254,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,58,Protection,"Leaf juice mixed with powders and applied to shields. Yucca leaves were heated over a fire and the juice wrung out of them into an earthen vessel.  The juice was then mixed with powders and applied to the shield with a pointed stick to make it live in the power of the sun, the serpent, the bear, the lightning and the rainbow.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44255,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,106,Soap,Roots used to wash wool and hides.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44256,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,106,Soap,Suds and ashes used to wash new born babies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44257,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,32,3,Other,106,Soap,Used for cleansing purposes.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 32"
44258,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make a brush to apply colored clays to pottery.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44259,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Fiber used to make a ring for a game similar to 'ring toss.',"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44260,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Leaves made into a ball and used to play 'shooting the yucca.' 'Shooting the yucca' was a Navajo game played with a ball made of bark and wound with yucca leaves which had been previously placed in hot ashes to make them flexible.  A stick of scrub oak was attached to this by a yucca cord, to give momentum to the light ball.  The ball was thrown into the air and the archers discharged their arrows at it as soon as it was drawn downward by the weight of the stick.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44261,4236,Yucca sp.,157,Navajo,74,e44,34,3,Other,154,Waterproofing Agent,Leaf pitch used for waterproofing baskets.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 34"
44457,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Leaves used in mixture for the Night Chant medicine. One part of the Night Chant medicine consists of a mixture of 'blue pollen,' wild plants, and tobacco to which was added the leaves from corn plants gathered in the east, south, west and north corners of the field, squash from the southeast side, bean leaves from the southwest, watermelon leaves from the northwest, and muskmelon leaves from the northeast.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44458,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Poultice of plant applied as ceremonial medicine for sore throats.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44459,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Poultice of plant applied as ceremonial medicine for sore throats.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44460,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Stalks sometimes used for thatching.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44461,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,1,Food,27,Beverage,Cornmeal and juniper ash water used to make a beverage.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44462,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Corn and juniper ash used to make bread and dumplings.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44463,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,30,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Sweet corn meal and herb roots made into cakes and baked in a pit.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 30"
44464,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,1,Food,44,Porridge,Corn and meat boiled all night into hominy.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44465,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,1,Food,44,Porridge,Cornmeal and juniper ash water used to make mush.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44466,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,1,Food,47,Special Food,"Cornmeal porridge, served in wedding baskets, used as a nuptial dish.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44467,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,1,Food,75,Staple,"Green corn roasted, shelled, ground, dried and wrapped in corn husks, like tamales, for journeys.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44468,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,1,Food,,,"Immature corn pounded, mixed with pumpkin, wrapped in a corn husk and baked in ashes.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44469,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves eaten like lettuce.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44470,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,30,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Cornmeal mush used to make images for ceremonies. In the Bead Chant, an image of a wildcat was made of sweet corn; in the Mountain Chant, an image of the bear was made of sweet corn; and in the Coyote Chant, effigies of a coyote and a kit fox were made in sweet corn; other images such as the dog, chicken, cat and pig were also reproduced in sweet corn.  To make these animals, a stiff mush was made of corn, which was kneaded to the desired shape, omitting the extremities such as tail, ears and feet.  White shell, turquoise and cannel coal was used for the eyes.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 30"
44471,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,3,Other,32,Containers,Husks used as casings for blood sausage.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44472,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,3,Other,37,Fuel,Cob pith used as punk (tinder).,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44473,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,"Cornmeal, considered less sacred than corn pollen, used in innumerable ceremonies.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44474,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,3,Other,185,Sacred Items,Sacred pollen used in innumerable ceremonies.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44475,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Husks used for cigarette papers.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44476,4244,Zea mays L.,157,Navajo,74,e44,27,3,Other,17,Tools,Cobs used to beat leather while dyeing.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 27"
44626,4253,Zinnia grandiflora Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,118,Nose Medicine,Plant used for nose troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
44627,4253,Zinnia grandiflora Nutt.,157,Navajo,74,e44,97,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Plant used for throat troubles.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"