id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
273,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,2,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of needles and resinous blisters used for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
274,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,2,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poultice of needles used for colds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
275,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,2,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gummy bark secretions used as an antiseptic for wounds.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
276,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gummy secretion from the bark used as an antiseptic for wounds and ulcers.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
277,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant applied to corns for easy removal.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
278,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,2,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Poultice of needles used for chest fevers.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 2"
279,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Gummy secretion from the bark taken for lung troubles.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
443,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Young twigs used for making fishnet hoops.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
554,27,Acer negundo L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,4,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Sap boiled or frozen and used as a sweet syrup.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 4"
555,27,Acer negundo L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,4,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Large trunk burls or knots used to make bowls and dishes.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 4"
556,27,Acer negundo L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,4,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Large trunk burls or knots used to make drums.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 4"
557,27,Acer negundo L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,4,3,Other,79,Smoking Tools,Large trunk burls or knots used to make pipe stems.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 4"
1023,42,Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis DC.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Infusion of herb used as a cathartic.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
1134,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
1947,116,Alectoria fremontii Tuckerm.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,"Long, black, hair-like lichen used as a famine food.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
2269,160,Allium sp.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Onions cooked and eaten.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2441,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,5,Dye,193,Orange,Decoction of inner bark used as an orange dye.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2442,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,3,Other,144,Hide Preparation,Bark used for tanning.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2719,186,Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,,,Seeds formerly used as articles of the diet.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2720,186,Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Used as a potherb.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2989,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,27,Beverage,Berries used to make wine.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2990,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,9,1,Food,27,Beverage,Fruits used to make wine.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9"
2991,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,9,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruits sun dried, pounded, formed into patties and stored for winter use.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9"
2992,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,9,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by bears and grouse.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9"
2993,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,9,1,Food,5,Forage,"Young stems and leaves eaten by elk, deer, moose and mountain sheep.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9"
2994,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries spiced and eaten.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2995,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,Berries used to make pies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2996,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,9,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,Fruits made into pies and eaten.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9"
2997,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,1,Preserves,Berries used to make jam.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2998,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,9,1,Food,1,Preserves,Fruits made into jams and jellies.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9"
2999,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,9,1,Food,56,Soup,Fruits sun dried and eaten in meat stews.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9"
3000,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Large quantities of berries gathered and dried for winter use.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
3001,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,3,Other,98,Weapon,Very hard and tough wood used for making arrows and ramrods.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
3751,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,"Root, poisonous in large doses, used as a cathartic.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
3752,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,"Root, poisonous in large doses, used as a febrifuge.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
3753,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,2,Drug,13,Poison,Root poisonous in large doses and poisonous to cattle feeding on it.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
3754,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,2,Drug,69,Tonic,"Root, poisonous in large doses, used as a tonic.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
3755,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark used as a chief source for cordage.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
4061,318,Aralia nudicaulis L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Root used as a cathartic.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
4062,318,Aralia nudicaulis L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Root used as a tonic.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
4600,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruit eaten fresh and dried.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
4601,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
4602,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,40,1,Food,56,Soup,Berries boiled and used to make a broth.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 40"
4603,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,40,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Berries eaten raw or fried during famines.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 40"
4604,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
4769,362,Argentina anserina (L.) Rydb.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Roots, tasted like sweet potatoes, used for food.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
5029,392,Artemisia cana Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of leaves used as a hair restorer.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
5030,392,Artemisia cana Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,331,Dietary Aid,Leaves chewed to allay thirst.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
5031,392,Artemisia cana Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of leaves used as a general tonic.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
5032,392,Artemisia cana Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,,,Decoction of leaves used for various complaints.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
5278,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction used for lung troubles.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
5279,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction used for consumption.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
5659,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of herb taken for diarrhea.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
5660,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of herb used externally as an eyewash.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
5661,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Mashed herbs used as a substitute for liniment and as a poultice.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
5662,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,3,Other,17,Tools,Dead twigs used for a twirling stick in fire making.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
6226,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,3,Other,17,Tools,'Milk' from the broken stems used in cases of emergency for branding stock temporarily.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
6493,473,Astragalus crassicarpus var. crassicarpus,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,7,1,Food,,,"Fleshy, plum-like pods eaten raw, boiled and used for pickles.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 7"
6891,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,75,Staple,Roasted seeds ground into a flour.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
6892,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,26,1,Food,,,"Plant heated, fermented and eaten.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 26"
6893,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw and cooked.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
6894,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young stems and leaves eaten raw as a salad.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
7028,562,Bazzania trilobata (L.) S. F. Gray.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Used as a yellow dye.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
7030,563,Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
7226,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Bark used to make canoes.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
7438,608,Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,5,Forage,Grass used for forage.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
7439,608,Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,"Plant used to foretell winter, one fruit spike-mild winter and more fruit spikes-severe winter.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
7771,680,Calochortus sp.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,,,Bulbs dug and eaten for the pleasant flavor.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
7868,700,Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,14,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Oven baked bulbs squeezed into little cakes or pulverized, formed into round loaves and stored.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 14"
7869,700,Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,14,1,Food,75,Staple,Bulbs formerly fire baked and used as a sweet and nutritious staple.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 14"
7870,700,Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,14,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Bulbs formerly used as a sweetening agent.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 14"
7901,701,Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,1,Food,,,Bulbs boiled for eating fresh or preserved.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
7902,701,Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Bulbs baked in the ground by hot stones and dried for winter use.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
8112,752,Carex sp.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Leaves woven into mats.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
8113,752,Carex sp.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,1,Food,,,Young stems used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
8546,800,Catabrosa aquatica (L.) Beauv.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Burned as incense during certain ceremonies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
8905,841,Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Hard, enduring wood used for making fish spear heads.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
8906,841,Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,3,Other,17,Tools,"Hard, enduring wood used for making 'camas sticks.'","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
9405,894,Chenopodium album L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,1,Food,75,Staple,Seeds ground into flour and made into bread.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
9406,894,Chenopodium album L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young plant used as a potherb.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
9639,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of the herb or root used as a febrifuge for fevers.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
9640,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,34,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion taken for fever.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 34"
9641,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,34,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Leaves dried and smoked.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 34"
9848,941,Cicuta douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,71,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Roots used for headaches.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 71"
9849,941,Cicuta douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,71,2,Drug,114,Snake Bite Remedy,Poultice of split roots used for rattlesnake bites.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 71"
9880,943,Cicuta maculata var. angustifolia Hook.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,2,Drug,13,Poison,Fleshy roots known as a virulent poison and sometimes used for suicide.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10018,973,Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Early spring roots eaten raw or cooked with meat.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10019,973,Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young, summer stalks eaten like asparagus and greens.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10124,999,Claytonia cordifolia S. Wats.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,16,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Eaten raw as a relish.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
10127,1001,Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,1,Food,50,Fodder,Roots 'better for fattening hogs than the best feed.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10128,1001,Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,29,1,Food,5,Forage,"Rootstocks eaten by marmots, ground squirrels and grizzly bears.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 29"
10129,1001,Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,29,1,Food,,,"Crisp, tuber-like corms eaten fresh or boiled.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 29"
10130,1001,Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw and roasted.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10140,1003,Claytonia multicaulis Nelson,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,1,Food,50,Fodder,Roots 'better for fattening hogs than the best feed.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10141,1003,Claytonia multicaulis Nelson,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw and roasted.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10143,1004,Claytonia parviflora Dougl. ex Hook.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,16,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Eaten raw as a relish.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
10158,1006,Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,16,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Eaten raw as a relish.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
10201,1017,Clematis hirsutissima Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves used for headaches.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10202,1017,Clematis hirsutissima Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Scraped root held in nostril of fallen horse and acted as a stimulant to animal.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10223,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Chewed for colds.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10224,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Chewed for sore throats.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
10225,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,10,3,Other,38,Decorations,Grown as an ornamental vine for houses and verandas.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
11079,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of bark used as a wash for ulcers.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
11080,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,21,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Ribbons of inner bark roasted, mixed with tobacco and used for ceremonial or religious pipe smoking.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21"
11081,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,21,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Branches twisted and used to make fishnets.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 21"
11082,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Twisted branches used to make fish nets.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
11083,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Inner bark dried and mixed with tobacco as a substitute for kinnikinnick.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
11392,1124,Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
11393,1124,Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Fruit mixed with choke cherries and service berries pressed into cakes and dried for winter use.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
11394,1124,Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used for making 'camas sticks' for digging these and other roots.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
12019,1227,Dalea purpurea Vent.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of steeped, bruised leaves applied to fresh wounds.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
12340,1269,Descurainia incana ssp. incisa (Engelm.) Kartesz & Gandhi,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,24,1,Food,,,Parched seeds ground for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 24"
12773,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,"Dried root with 'smarting, acrid taste' caused a profuse flow of saliva.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
12774,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,2,Drug,114,Snake Bite Remedy,Root used as an antidote for rattlesnake bites.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
12978,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
13379,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,58,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,"Abrasive stems used to polish pipes, bows and arrows and formerly used to scrub tins and floors.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 58"
14340,1561,Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of crushed bulb-like roots applied to boils.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
14341,1561,Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,24,1,Food,5,Forage,Plants eaten by bears and ground squirrels.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24"
14342,1561,Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,1,Food,,,Bulb-like roots used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
14343,1561,Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,24,1,Food,,,Bulbs occasionally eaten raw or boiled.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24"
14649,1599,Evernia vulpina (L.) Acharius,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Used for making clothing, bedding, yellow dye and yellow paint.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
14650,1599,Evernia vulpina (L.) Acharius,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Used for making clothing.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
14651,1599,Evernia vulpina (L.) Acharius,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Used for making bedding.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
14652,1599,Evernia vulpina (L.) Acharius,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,3,Other,26,Paint,Plant used to make a yellow paint.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
14875,1635,Fragaria sp.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
14876,1635,Fragaria sp.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries dried and stored for winter use.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
15107,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,2,Drug,40,Emetic,"Decoction of leaves, bark and fruit used as an emetic.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
15108,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,2,Drug,,,Bark used as a source of medicine.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
15373,1669,Fritillaria pudica (Pursh) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,25,1,Food,5,Forage,"Bulbous, underground corms eaten by bears, gophers and ground squirrels.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 25"
15374,1669,Fritillaria pudica (Pursh) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,25,1,Food,5,Forage,Leafy tops eaten by deer.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 25"
15375,1669,Fritillaria pudica (Pursh) Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,1,Food,,,Bulb used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
15841,1728,Geranium oreganum T.J. Howell,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Root used for diarrhea.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
15842,1728,Geranium oreganum T.J. Howell,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Root used as an astringent.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
16021,1755,Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Burned as incense during certain ceremonies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
16063,1758,Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,35,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Roots chewed and juice swallowed to strengthen the throat for singing.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 35"
16064,1758,Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,35,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of roots taken as a tonic.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 35"
16065,1758,Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
16235,1780,Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction used as an antisyphilitic.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
16592,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,30,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Seeds dried, powdered and grease added to make cakes.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 30"
16593,1821,Helianthus annuus L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,30,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds dried, powdered and boiled to make gruel.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 30"
16874,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,13,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young, raw shoots eaten like celery.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13"
17261,1896,Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,28,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Burned as incense for spiritual protection and purification.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 28"
17262,1896,Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,28,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Used as a clothes and body perfume.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 28"
18028,2011,Iris missouriensis Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,13,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Decoction of rootstocks used by medicine men to induce vomiting.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13"
18334,2038,Juncus balticus Willd.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,13,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used for weaving light baskets.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13"
18335,2038,Juncus balticus Willd.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,13,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Used for weaving mats.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13"
18599,2057,Juniperus horizontalis Moench,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,13,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of seeds taken for kidney trouble.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13"
18985,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,36,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Concoction used for arthritis and rheumatic pain.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"
18986,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Aromatic twigs burned as incense.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
18987,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used for fence posts.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
18988,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,36,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"
18989,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,36,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make lance shafts and bows.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"
20028,2159,Lewisia rediviva Pursh,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,46,1,Food,,,"Roots boiled or steamed and eaten plain, mixed with berries or added to meat or bone marrow.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 46"
20029,2159,Lewisia rediviva Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,1,Food,,,"Small pieces of bitter root steeped, boiled in water and eaten.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
20091,2161,Leymus condensatus (J. Presl) A. L”ve,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,11,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11"
20406,2205,Linum lewisii Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark fibers used in baskets.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
20407,2205,Linum lewisii Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark fibers used for cordage.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
20408,2205,Linum lewisii Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Bark fibers used as the warp for mats.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
20409,2205,Linum lewisii Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Bark fibers used as the mesh for snowshoes.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
20410,2205,Linum lewisii Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Bark fibers used in fish nets.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
20577,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,5,Dye,161,Purple,Root used to produce a violet colored dye.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
20719,2230,Lomatium ambiguum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,75,Staple,Spring roots reduced to flour.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
20720,2230,Lomatium ambiguum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,,,Spring roots eaten.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
20755,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,26,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Roots pulverized, moistened, partially baked and made into different sized cakes.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
20756,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,26,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Whole roots sun dried and stored for future food use.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
20757,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,26,1,Food,44,Porridge,Roots pulverized and made into a gruel.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
20758,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,26,1,Food,56,Soup,"Roots pulverized, moistened, partially baked, mixed in water and eaten as soup.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
20759,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,75,Staple,Spring roots eaten or reduced to flour.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
20760,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,75,Staple,Spring roots reduced to flour.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
20761,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,26,1,Food,,,Peeled roots eaten raw or boiled.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
20762,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,,,Spring roots eaten or reduced to flour.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
20763,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,,,Spring roots eaten.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
20850,2237,Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,2,Drug,13,Poison,"Young sprouts eaten, but poisonous to stock in early spring.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
20851,2237,Lomatium dissectum var. multifidum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,14,1,Food,,,"Young sprouts eaten, but poisonous to stock in early spring.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 14"
21049,2250,Lomatium simplex (Nutt.) J.F. Macbr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Fusiform root eaten baked, roasted or raw.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
21051,2252,Lomatium simplex var. simplex,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,75,Staple,Spring roots reduced to flour.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
21052,2252,Lomatium simplex var. simplex,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,,,Spring roots eaten.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
21064,2254,Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,75,Staple,Spring roots reduced to flour.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
21065,2254,Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,26,1,Food,,,"Roots eaten raw, roasted or baked.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 26"
21066,2254,Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,,,Spring roots eaten.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
21067,2254,Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Fusiform root eaten baked, roasted or raw.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
21186,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Fruit dried and stored for winter use.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
21983,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of root bark used for mountain fever.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
21984,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of root bark used for stomach trouble.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
21985,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Decoction of root bark used for kidney trouble.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
21986,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of root bark used as a tonic.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
21987,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,18,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Bark shredded, boiled and used as a brilliant yellow dye.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 18"
21988,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,18,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Berries crushed, mixed with sugar and water and made into a refreshing beverage.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 18"
21989,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,27,Beverage,Fruit used to make wine and 'lemonade.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
21990,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
21991,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,18,1,Food,1,Preserves,Berries used to make jams and jellies.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 18"
21992,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,8,1,Food,1,Preserves,Fruit used to make jelly.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 8"
22512,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of herbs and flowers used for diarrhea.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
22513,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,23,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of herb used by young girls for menstrual cramps.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 23"
22514,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,23,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of herb used for building up blood at childbirth and delivering the placenta.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 23"
22515,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,23,1,Food,,,Occasionally used for food.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 23"
22516,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,23,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Used as a perfume.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 23"
22517,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,23,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Used as a bug repellant.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 23"
22692,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,2,Drug,,,Infusion of leaves used for various complaints.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
22693,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,64,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Used as a home fragrant.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 64"
22878,2447,Mentzelia albicaulis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,15,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15"
22904,2453,Mentzelia laevicaulis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Torr. & Gray,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,16,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of leaves applied as a lotion for certain skin diseases.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
22905,2453,Mentzelia laevicaulis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Torr. & Gray,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,16,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of leaves taken for stomach trouble.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
22987,2471,Microseris nutans (Hook.) Schultz-Bip.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,16,1,Food,,,"Bitter, milky root juice eaten raw.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
23246,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,70,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion taken for expulsion of the afterbirth.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 70"
23403,2518,Moneses uniflora (L.) Gray,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,16,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
23872,2583,Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,16,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used in compound for smoking and the delicate tobacco from flower was never chewed.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 16"
24068,2595,Nuphar lutea ssp. advena (Ait.) Kartesz & Gandhi,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,10,Snack Food,Parched seeds eaten like popcorn.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
24069,2595,Nuphar lutea ssp. advena (Ait.) Kartesz & Gandhi,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,56,Soup,Seeds ground into meal used for thickening soups.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
24070,2595,Nuphar lutea ssp. advena (Ait.) Kartesz & Gandhi,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,,,Mucilaginous seed pods were well-flavored and nutritious.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
24071,2595,Nuphar lutea ssp. advena (Ait.) Kartesz & Gandhi,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,,,"Thick, fleshy rhizomes boiled with fowl or other meat.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
24147,2597,Nuphar lutea ssp. variegata (Dur.) E.O. Beal,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,33,1,Food,131,Cooking Agent,"Thin slices of rootstocks dried, ground or pulverized into meal or gruel and used to thicken soups.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 33"
24148,2597,Nuphar lutea ssp. variegata (Dur.) E.O. Beal,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,33,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds parched, ground into meal and used for mush or gruel.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 33"
24149,2597,Nuphar lutea ssp. variegata (Dur.) E.O. Beal,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,33,1,Food,,,Root stocks eaten raw or boiled with meat.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 33"
24502,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,12,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Used by medicine men in their incantations.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12"
24753,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,39,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruits dried and stored for winter use.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 39"
24754,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,50,Fodder,"In times of scarcity, spines were singed off and fed to stock.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
24755,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,39,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 39"
24756,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe fruit eaten raw.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
24757,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,1,Preserves,Fruit made into preserves.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
24758,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,39,1,Food,,,Stems occasionally used for food.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 39"
24759,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,,,Young joint pulp boiled and fried.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
24904,2682,Orobanche fasciculata Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Parasite (cancer root) on sweet sage roots used for cancer.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
24905,2682,Orobanche fasciculata Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant poisonous to stock.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
25234,2715,Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Acid-tasting leaves used as a salad.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
25551,2757,Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,6,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe fruit collected and eaten like grapes.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
25565,2760,Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. L”ve,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,1,Food,50,Fodder,"Most valuable forage grass and cultivated for hay, good keeping qualities & high nutritional value.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
25566,2760,Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. L”ve,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,5,1,Food,5,Forage,"Most valuable forage grass and cultivated for hay, good keeping qualities & high nutritional value.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 5"
25693,2780,Pediomelum argophyllum (Pursh) J. Grimes,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant used as a wash for wounds.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
25734,2783,Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,61,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Roots dried, mashed and used to make cakes or breads.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 61"
25735,2783,Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,61,1,Food,131,Cooking Agent,"Roots dried, mashed and used to thicken soups.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 61"
25736,2783,Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,61,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Roots shredded, dried and stored for future use.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 61"
25737,2783,Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,61,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Roots dried, mashed and used to make mush and gruel.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 61"
25738,2783,Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,61,1,Food,,,"Inner root core eaten raw, roasted or boiled.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 61"
25739,2783,Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Roots, similar to yams, roasted in ashes.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
25740,2783,Pediomelum esculentum (Pursh) Rydb.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Peeled, sliced roots dried for winter use.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
26014,2831,Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,65,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw or boiled.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 65"
26041,2832,Perideridia gairdneri ssp. gairdneri,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,9,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Roots boiled like potatoes.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 9"
26384,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Stems used for making arrows.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
26599,2901,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,"Hard, hollow culms used for pipe stems, arrow shafts and in making baskets.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
26600,2901,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
26601,2901,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Hard, hollow culms used for arrow shafts and in making baskets.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
26602,2901,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,17,3,Other,79,Smoking Tools,"Hard, hollow culms used for pipe stems.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17"
27355,2949,Pinus albicaulis Engelm.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,1,Food,,,Inner bark used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
27356,2949,Pinus albicaulis Engelm.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,1,Food,,,Nuts were an important article of food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
27433,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,52,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Poles used to make the foundations for tipis.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 52"
27507,2956,Pinus contorta var. murrayana (Grev. & Balf.) Engelm.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Young bark used to make baskets.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
27508,2956,Pinus contorta var. murrayana (Grev. & Balf.) Engelm.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Smaller trees stripped of the bark and used for lodge poles and extensively for lumber.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
27509,2956,Pinus contorta var. murrayana (Grev. & Balf.) Engelm.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Inner cambium layer of the bark eaten in times of scarcity.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
27713,2961,Pinus flexilis James,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,1,Food,,,Nuts were an important article of food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
27977,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Most important lumber tree in the state.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
27978,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Trunks hollowed by fire to make dugouts.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
27979,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,1,Food,,,Inner bark eaten in the spring.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
27980,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,50,1,Food,,,Inner bark formerly used for food.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 50"
27981,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,3,Other,17,Tools,Twigs used for twirling sticks in fire production.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
28923,3064,Polygonum douglasii Greene,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,18,1,Food,75,Staple,Parched seeds made into meal.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18"
29171,3094,Populus angustifolia James,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used for fire and shelter during the winter.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29172,3094,Populus angustifolia James,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,50,Fodder,Young twigs fed to horses when other food was not obtainable.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29173,3094,Populus angustifolia James,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,,,Inner bark considered a valuable mucilaginous food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29174,3094,Populus angustifolia James,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for fire and shelter during the winter.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29175,3094,Populus angustifolia James,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29214,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used for fire and shelter during the winter.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29215,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,50,Fodder,Young twigs fed to horses when other food was not obtainable.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29216,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,,,Inner bark considered a valuable mucilaginous food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29217,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for fire and shelter during the winter.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29218,3095,Populus balsamifera L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29304,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,68,3,Other,37,Fuel,Branches used for firewood.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 68"
29384,3098,Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used for fire and shelter during the winter.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29385,3098,Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,50,Fodder,Young twigs fed to horses when other food was not obtainable.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29386,3098,Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,,,Inner bark considered a valuable mucilaginous food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29387,3098,Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,68,3,Other,37,Fuel,Branches used for firewood.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 68"
29388,3098,Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for fire and shelter during the winter.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29389,3098,Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29629,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used for fire and shelter during the winter.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29630,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark sometimes employed as cordage.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29631,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,50,Fodder,Young twigs fed to horses when other food was not obtainable.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29632,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,,,Inner bark considered a valuable mucilaginous food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29633,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,37,3,Other,37,Fuel,Used occasionally for firewood.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 37"
29634,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for fire and shelter during the winter.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
29635,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Inner bark used for 'kinnikinnick.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
30819,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,42,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries pulverized, shaped into round cakes, sun dried and stored for winter use.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30820,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30821,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,42,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries pulverized, shaped into round cakes, sun dried and used to make pemmican.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30822,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,42,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,Berries mixed with sugar and flour and used to make a pudding.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30823,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,42,1,Food,56,Soup,"Berries pulverized, shaped into round cakes, sun dried and used in soups and stews.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30824,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,42,3,Other,26,Paint,Sap mixed with different colored clays and used as paint for Indian designs.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
30915,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,27,Beverage,Ripe fruit collected each fall and made into wine.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
30916,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
30917,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,1,Preserves,Ripe fruit collected each fall and made into marmalade.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
30918,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,75,Staple,"Fruit used as an important ingredient in the preparation of 'pemmican.' Pemmican was made by the Sioux and other tribes by mixing certain berries, such as the buffalo berry, the choke cherry and the sarvice berry with the fat of the buffalo, pounding up the whole which was then packed away in skins.  Sometimes jerked buffalo was put into an oven to render it brittle, beaten up on a skin with these berries, some marrow fat being added to give consistency, and finally packed in skin bags.  This was a regular article of commerce and highly prized by the old trappers and hunters for its portability as a condensed food and for its keeping qualities.  Later the flesh and tallow of the ox was substituted for that of the buffalo and is still used to some extent.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
30919,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Crushed, dried fruit strips stored for winter use.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
30920,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Straight shoots used to make arrow shafts.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 19"
31175,3199,Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Leaves used in the sweatbath for rheumatism.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
31176,3199,Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of spring buds used for certain venereal diseases.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
31177,3199,Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used extensively for lumber.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
31178,3199,Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,1,Food,112,Substitution Food,Leaves sometimes used as a substitute for coffee.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
31477,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,1,Food,,,Peeled root roasted for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
31676,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,2,Drug,40,Emetic,"Dry, ripe fruits mashed in cold water and used as an emetic.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
31677,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Infusion of roots taken for lung troubles.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
31678,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,20,5,Dye,161,Purple,Outer seed coats used to make a purple stain for wood.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 20"
33177,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Powdered fruit applied as a lotion or dusted on the affected surface in cases of smallpox.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33178,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33331,3358,Ribes americanum P. Mill.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit highly esteemed as an article of diet.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33346,3359,Ribes aureum Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit highly esteemed as an article of diet.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33406,3363,Ribes cereum Dougl.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit highly esteemed as an article of diet.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33537,3372,Ribes hudsonianum var. petiolare (Dougl.) Jancz.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit highly esteemed as an article of diet.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33559,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit highly esteemed as an article of diet.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33676,3388,Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. setosum (Lindl.) Sinnott,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit highly esteemed as an article of diet.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33775,3401,Ribes viscosissimum Pursh,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit highly esteemed as an article of diet.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33884,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit and hips used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
33932,3418,Rosa acicularis ssp. sayi (Schwein.) W.H. Lewis,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
34050,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit and hips used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
34179,3432,Rosa sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,62,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Hips used for food during famines.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62"
34180,3432,Rosa sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,62,1,Food,,,Hips used for food.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 62"
34205,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
34541,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit was highly esteemed.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
34621,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit was highly esteemed.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
34822,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,2,Drug,190,Alterative,Young sprouts considered a valuable alterative.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
34823,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Young sprouts considered a valuable antiscorbutic.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
34824,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,21,1,Food,,,Young sprouts eaten raw or tied into bundles and steamed.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 21"
35205,3482,Rumex aquaticus var. fenestratus (Greene) Dorn,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35206,3482,Rumex aquaticus var. fenestratus (Greene) Dorn,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Spring leaves used for 'greens.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35299,3485,Rumex crispus L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35300,3485,Rumex crispus L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Spring leaves used for 'greens.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35447,3492,Rumex paucifolius Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Herbage eaten raw.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35460,3494,Rumex salicifolius Weinm.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35461,3494,Rumex salicifolius Weinm.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Spring leaves used for 'greens.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35564,3508,Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,1,Food,,,Tubers eaten raw or boiled.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35811,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,2,Drug,149,Adjuvant,Poles used for framework of 'sweat tepee' for colds and rheumatism.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35812,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poles used for framework of 'sweat tepee' for rheumatism.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35813,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poles used for framework of 'sweat tepee' for colds.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35814,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Bark used for certain fevers.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35815,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Used extensively for cordage.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35990,3540,Salix melanopsis Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,2,Drug,149,Adjuvant,Poles used for framework of 'sweat tepee' for colds and rheumatism.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35991,3540,Salix melanopsis Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poles used for framework of 'sweat tepee' for rheumatism.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35992,3540,Salix melanopsis Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poles used for framework of 'sweat tepee' for colds.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35993,3540,Salix melanopsis Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Bark used for certain fevers.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
35994,3540,Salix melanopsis Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,22,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Used extensively for cordage.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22"
36020,3544,Salix prolixa Anderss.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,4,Fiber,170,Sporting Equipment,Younger stems used extensively for making walking sticks.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36213,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Wood used to make baskets.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36214,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Wood used to make ropes.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36215,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make backrests for tipis and cradleboards.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36216,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Wood used to make mattresses for tipis.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36217,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Wood used to make snowshoes.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36218,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make meat racks.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36219,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Wood used to make pins and pegs for tipis.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36220,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make fish and fox traps.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36221,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Wood used to make drums.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36222,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,3,Other,164,Stable Gear,Wood used to make stirrups and hoops for catching horses.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36223,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make scrapers for removing hair from hides.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36224,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make gambling wheels.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36225,3551,Salix sp.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,67,3,Other,120,Walking Sticks,Wood used to make walking sticks.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67"
36553,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of dried flowers applied externally for sprains and bruises.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36554,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of dried flowers used as an antiseptic wash for open sores and itch.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36555,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Inner bark used as a strong emetic.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36556,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of dried flowers applied externally for fevers.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36557,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of dried flowers used internally for stomach troubles.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36558,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of dried flowers used internally for lung troubles.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36559,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,27,Beverage,Fruit used to make.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36560,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten raw or cooked.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36561,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,Fruit used to make pies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36562,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,1,Preserves,Fruit used to make jelly.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
36563,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used as a twirling stick in fire making.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37156,3586,Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young twigs used for greens.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37384,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,2,Drug,256,Dietary Aid,Roots chewed 'as a preventative to thirst.',"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37385,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Stems used for making mats.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37386,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Roots boiled with water and made into a syrup.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37387,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,75,Staple,Roots made into flour and used to make bread.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37388,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37389,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37465,3608,Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,,,Autumn tubers used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37779,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,57,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruits dried and stored for winter use.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 57"
37780,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37781,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 57"
37782,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,1,Preserves,Fruit used to make jelly.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37783,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,57,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Fruits used to make a meat flavoring sauce.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 57"
37784,3657,Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,23,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Fruit dried for winter use.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23"
37857,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,53,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries sun dried and stored for future use.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 53"
37858,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,53,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 53"
37859,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,53,1,Food,171,Ice Cream,Berries used to make a frothy or foamy 'Indian Ice Cream.',"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 53"
38139,3703,Sium suave Walt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,24,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Herbage has an aromatic flavor and eaten as a relish.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 24"
39137,3854,Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,24,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Shrubs made into brooms.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 24"
39138,3854,Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,24,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Slender twigs used for arrow shafts.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 24"
39509,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,24,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used for making bows.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 24"
40092,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used to make frame work of baskets.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40093,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark used to make sacks.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40094,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used for making baskets.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40095,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,"Wood used for shingles, lumber, fence posts and for paving.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40096,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Bark used to make canoes.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40097,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Inner bark woven into cloth.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40098,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Inner bark used to make cords for fishnets.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40099,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Spring cambium pressed into cakes and dried for storage.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40100,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,,,Spring cambium eaten fresh.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40101,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood made into floats for fish nets.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
40687,4017,Triglochin maritima L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
41034,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Cambium made into a coarse bread.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
41035,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,3,Other,144,Hide Preparation,Bark used for tanning.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
41269,4049,Typha latifolia L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of fruit spikes' 'down' applied to burns and scalds.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
41270,4049,Typha latifolia L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fruit spike 'down' used for bedding.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
41271,4049,Typha latifolia L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Leaves used for matting.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
41272,4049,Typha latifolia L.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,60,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Leaves used to make mats for tipis, sweatbaths and Sundance lodges.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 60"
41273,4049,Typha latifolia L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,,,Young roots and shoots eaten raw.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
41462,4051,Ulmus americana L.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Inner bark used as an emollient for tumors.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
41794,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark used for cordage.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
41795,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young shoots used as a potherb.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
42060,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,63,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Berries used to make pancakes and muffins.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 63"
42061,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,63,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruits sun dried and stored for winter use.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 63"
42062,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,63,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 63"
42063,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
42064,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,Fruit used for making pies.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
42065,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,151,Montana Indian,30,h92,63,1,Food,1,Preserves,Berries used to make jams and jellies.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 63"
42066,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,1,Preserves,Fruit used for making jelly.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
42067,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,25,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Fruit dried for winter.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25"
42530,4094,Valeriana edulis Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,26,1,Food,,,Large quantities of roots cooked in a kiln until black and very sticky.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 26"
43192,4139,Vicia americana Muhl. ex Willd.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,26,1,Food,,,Cooked and eaten for greens.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 26"
43582,4198,Wyethia amplexicaulis (Nutt.) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,26,1,Food,,,"Root heated, fermented and eaten.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 26"
43602,4202,Wyethia helianthoides Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,26,1,Food,,,"Plant heated, fermented and eaten.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 26"
43725,4217,Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,27,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Leaves woven into water tight baskets used for cooking.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 27"
44200,4231,Yucca glauca var. glauca,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,27,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Root used as a substitute for soap and as a wash for the hair.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 27"
44590,4250,Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of cooked, mashed bulbs applied to strain and bruise pains.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 27"
44591,4250,Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,27,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of mashed bulbs applied for rheumatism.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 27"
44592,4250,Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats.,151,Montana Indian,73,b05,27,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of cooked, mashed bulbs applied to boils.","Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 27"