id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
157,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of needles taken as a tonic.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
414,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Branches used by women as a love medicine.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
415,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,105,Karok,70,b81,15,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to made acorn paddles.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15"
489,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Leaves made into mats and used to cover the layers of dried salmon stored for the winter in baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
490,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves placed under and between layers of the bulbs while cooking in the earth oven.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
491,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood made into the paddle used for stirring the food in the cooking baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
492,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,105,Karok,70,b81,15,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to made acorn paddles.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15"
843,38,Achillea millefolium L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of soaked stalks and leaves applied to wounds.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
1528,68,Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris,105,Karok,70,b81,15,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stems used for the designs in baskets.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 15"
1581,71,Adiantum pedatum L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,377,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Softened stems dried and used for the black designs in basket caps and other baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 377"
1582,71,Adiantum pedatum L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,377,3,Other,38,Decorations,"Stems used as decoration on clothing, especially on the Jump Dance dress.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 377"
1896,102,Agoseris aurantiaca (Hook.) Greene,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,1,Food,85,Candy,Root juice used for chewing gum.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
2024,132,Allium acuminatum Hook.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,1,Food,,,Bulbs relished by only old men and old women.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
2045,136,Allium bolanderi S. Wats.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,1,Food,,,Bulbs relished by only old men and old women.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
2459,171,Alnus rhombifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,5,Dye,,,"Inner bark dried, ground, mixed with flour and water and used as a dye.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
2460,171,Alnus rhombifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
2461,171,Alnus rhombifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,83,Preservative,"Wood used to smoke salmon, eels and deer meat.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
2513,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
2514,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,105,Karok,70,b81,16,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stems used in basketry.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16"
2515,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,105,Karok,70,b81,16,3,Other,17,Tools,Water soaked stems used for lashing in the sweat house.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16"
2968,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Twigs and stems used to reinforce the rims of basket hoppers for pounding acorns.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
2969,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Wood used as stiffening for baskets or for making handles.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
2970,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and stored in big baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
2971,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
2972,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Twigs used as points on arrow shafts.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
2973,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make the foreshafts of salmon harpoons.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
3580,269,Angelica tomentosa S. Wats.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves eaten raw as greens.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
3581,269,Angelica tomentosa S. Wats.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Roots used as a purification after a funeral.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
3662,282,Anthemis cotula L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used by pregnant women.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
3804,297,Apocynum cannabinum L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,,,Seeds eaten raw.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
3990,316,Aralia californica S. Wats.,105,Karok,70,b81,17,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of roots used as a soak for arthritis.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"
4190,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Leaves used in the puberty ceremony.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
4191,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,70,b81,17,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Bark used by children as sleds.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"
4192,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,70,b81,17,4,Fiber,,,"Wood used for carving, will not split when dry.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"
4193,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Berries steamed, dried and stored for future use.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
4194,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,1,Food,66,Frozen Food,"Berries steamed, dried, stored and soaked in warm water before eating.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
4195,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,70,b81,17,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"
4196,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,3,Other,32,Containers,"Leaves placed over maple leaves in earth oven, forming last layer before oven covered with earth.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
4197,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to cover stored madrono berries.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
4198,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,70,b81,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Berries used as bait for steelhead.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"
4199,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,105,Karok,70,b81,17,3,Other,17,Tools,Leaves used to test the temperature of pitch used in canoe construction. The pitch was ready to use when the leaf turned black.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"
4339,333,Arctostaphylos canescens Eastw.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,27,Beverage,Berries used to make a drink.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4340,333,Arctostaphylos canescens Eastw.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and stored in storage baskets for future use.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4341,333,Arctostaphylos canescens Eastw.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Dried berries pounded, mixed with salmon eggs, cooked in a basket with a hot rock and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4342,333,Arctostaphylos canescens Eastw.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,32,Containers,Wood used to make reels for string.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4343,333,Arctostaphylos canescens Eastw.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make spoons and scraping sticks for acorn soup.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4344,333,Arctostaphylos canescens Eastw.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,120,Walking Sticks,Wood used to make canes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4389,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,27,Beverage,Berries used to make a drink.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4390,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and stored in storage baskets for future use.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4391,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Dried berries pounded, mixed with salmon eggs, cooked in a basket with a hot rock and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4392,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,32,Containers,Wood used to make reels for string.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4393,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make spoons and scraping sticks for acorn soup.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4394,337,Arctostaphylos manzanita Parry,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,120,Walking Sticks,Wood used to make canes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4419,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,70,b81,18,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Leaves used for diarrhea.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
4420,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,70,b81,18,2,Drug,122,Antidote,Plant used for poisoning from Toxicodendron diversiloba.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
4421,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,70,b81,18,1,Food,27,Beverage,Berries pulverized and made into a drink.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
4422,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,27,Beverage,Berries used to make a drink.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4423,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and stored in storage baskets for future use.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4424,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,70,b81,18,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
4425,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Dried berries pounded, mixed with salmon eggs, cooked in a basket with a hot rock and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4426,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,32,Containers,Wood used to make reels for string.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4427,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make spoons and scraping sticks for acorn soup.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4428,338,Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,120,Walking Sticks,Wood used to make canes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4441,340,Arctostaphylos patula Greene,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and eaten.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
4908,376,Armillaria ponderosa (PK.) Sacc.,105,Karok,70,b81,18,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
5060,394,Artemisia douglasiana Bess.,105,Karok,70,b81,18,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of leaves applied for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
5061,394,Artemisia douglasiana Bess.,105,Karok,70,b81,18,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Shoots used with drying salmon to keep 'salmon beetles' away.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
5834,410,Artemisia vulgaris L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken by women for the pains of afterbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
5835,410,Artemisia vulgaris L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poultice of branches applied for colds.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
5836,410,Artemisia vulgaris L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plant taken by women for the pains of afterbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
5837,410,Artemisia vulgaris L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Poultice of branches applied for any kind of sickness.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
6071,423,Asarum sp.,105,Karok,109,m66,209,2,Drug,,,Roots used for medicine.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 209"
6082,426,Asclepias cordifolia (Benth.) Jepson,105,Karok,70,b81,19,1,Food,85,Candy,"Latex boiled, condensed and chewed.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 19"
6095,429,Asclepias eriocarpa Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,85,Candy,"Milk stirred, heated, mixed with salmon fat or deer grease and used for chewing gum.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
6179,441,Asclepias sp.,105,Karok,109,m66,212,1,Food,85,Candy,Juice used for chewing gum.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 212"
6573,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,105,Karok,70,b81,20,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to clean eel's blood from butchered eel.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 20"
6767,529,Avena sativa L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
6832,545,Balsamorhiza deltoidea Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,20,1,Food,,,Peduncles used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 20"
7400,603,Boschniakia strobilacea Gray,105,Karok,70,b81,20,1,Food,,,Eaten when young.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 20"
7461,615,Boykinia occidentalis Torr. & Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Dried leaves sometimes worn inside basket caps for the fragrance.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
7585,637,Bromus diandrus Roth,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds parched, pounded into a meal and mixed with water into a gruel.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
7588,638,Bromus hordeaceus L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds parched, pounded into a meal and mixed with water into a gruel.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
7685,667,Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Boughs and twigs used to make brooms.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
7686,667,Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used to make boards.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
7768,679,Calochortus pulchellus Dougl. ex Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,1,Food,,,Bulbs baked in the earth oven and eaten.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
7832,698,Calystegia occidentalis ssp. fulcrata (Gray) Brummitt,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Plant used as a love medicine.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
7861,700,Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene,105,Karok,70,b81,21,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Bulbs used for food. Bulbs were dug up with a stick and placed in a pit two feet in diameter.  Leaves of Vitis californica were placed on the bottom, a layer of bulbs and then another layer of Vitis californica leaves.  Finally a layer of dirt was added and a fire built on top.  The mush formed was pure white and eaten by itself.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 21"
8523,794,Castilleja parviflora Bong.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Flowers used by children as pretend woodpecker scalps, a form of money or wealth.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
8655,813,Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used by women who have suffered an injury in childbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
8656,813,Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn.,105,Karok,70,b81,22,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,New shoots used to make baskets.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 22"
8657,813,Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Young shoots used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
8658,813,Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant eaten by deer.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
8689,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves used as a deodorant.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
8973,843,Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,3,Other,17,Tools,Hard wood used to make digging sticks.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
9067,859,Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Branches used to make brooms.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
9068,859,Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood made into planks and used to build sweathouses.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
9069,859,Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used as the main post in house construction.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
9070,859,Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make circular stools and headrests for the sweathouse.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
9071,859,Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Wood used to make pillows for the sweathouse.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
9592,914,Chimaphila menziesii (R. Br. ex D. Don) Spreng.,105,Karok,70,b81,23,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of leaves taken for female troubles.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 23"
9593,914,Chimaphila menziesii (R. Br. ex D. Don) Spreng.,105,Karok,70,b81,23,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Decoction of leaves taken for kidney and bladder troubles.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 23"
9594,914,Chimaphila menziesii (R. Br. ex D. Don) Spreng.,105,Karok,70,b81,23,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Decoction of leaves taken for kidney and bladder troubles.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 23"
9618,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of plant applied or infusion of leaves taken for backaches.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
9696,920,Chlorogalum angustifolium Kellogg,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,3,Other,106,Soap,"Bulbs pounded, mixed with water and used as a detergent for washing clothes and buckskin blankets.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
9710,922,Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Bulb fibers used to make a small brush.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
9711,922,Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,1,Food,,,Bulbs roasted and eaten.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
9712,922,Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,3,Other,106,Soap,"Bulbs pounded, mixed with water and used as a detergent for washing clothes and buckskin blankets.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
9761,928,Chrysolepis chrysophylla var. chrysophylla,105,Karok,70,b81,24,1,Food,,,'Nuts' roasted in coals and eaten.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 24"
9762,928,Chrysolepis chrysophylla var. chrysophylla,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,1,Food,,,Nuts used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
9763,928,Chrysolepis chrysophylla var. chrysophylla,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Nuts stored for winter use.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
10142,1004,Claytonia parviflora Dougl. ex Hook.,105,Karok,70,b81,24,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Shoot used to play a game. The stem was stripped of it's outer layers leaving only the terminal leaf or inflorescence hanging loosely on a flexible strand.  Opponents held firmly to the base of the strand and attempted to hook the opponents leaf or inflorescence.  After engaging, the opponents pulled and the opponent who retained his leaf or inflorescence won.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 24"
10176,1008,Claytonia sibirica var. sibirica,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Fresh flowers used by children to play a game. Each of the two players held a stem in his hand and tried to hook his flower around his opponent's flower.  When the flowers were engaged, the players pulled and the one whose flower head came off lost.  It was done over and over and a score was kept.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
10367,1029,Clinopodium douglasii (Benth.) Kuntze,105,Karok,70,b81,54,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of leaves taken for the kidneys.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 54"
10368,1029,Clinopodium douglasii (Benth.) Kuntze,105,Karok,70,b81,54,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Infusion of leaves taken as an aphrodisiac.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 54"
10369,1029,Clinopodium douglasii (Benth.) Kuntze,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Leaves put in hats and clothes and vines hung around the neck as perfume.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
10908,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,78,Herbal Steam,Boughs used in the fire of the sweathouse.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
10909,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Plant used as a good luck charm.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
11065,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Branches used for arrows with tips of western service berry wood.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
11266,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,105,Karok,70,b81,25,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stems used in basketry.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25"
11267,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,105,Karok,70,b81,25,1,Food,,,Nuts used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 25"
11302,1113,Corylus cornuta var. cornuta,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Sticks used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
11303,1113,Corylus cornuta var. cornuta,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Young shoots used to make baby baskets and carrying baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
11304,1113,Corylus cornuta var. cornuta,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Withes twisted to make rope.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
11305,1113,Corylus cornuta var. cornuta,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Wood used as the heavy part of the frame for snowshoes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
11306,1113,Corylus cornuta var. cornuta,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,,,Nuts used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
11307,1113,Corylus cornuta var. cornuta,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Nuts stored for winter use.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
11308,1113,Corylus cornuta var. cornuta,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood made into poles and used on the fish trigger or set net.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
11454,1134,Crepis acuminata Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Stems peeled and eaten raw as greens.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
12042,1233,Darmera peltata (Torr. ex Benth.) Voss,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of roots taken by women to prevent fetus from getting too large.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
12043,1233,Darmera peltata (Torr. ex Benth.) Voss,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young shoots eaten raw as green vegetables.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
12086,1239,Datisca glomerata (K. Presl) Baill.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots used as a yellow dye.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
12286,1249,Delphinium decorum Fisch. & C.A. Mey.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,3,Other,26,Paint,"Flowers pounded, mixed with salmon glue and fresh mountain grapes and used to paint arrows and bows.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
12466,1292,Dichelostemma capitatum ssp. capitatum,105,Karok,70,b81,27,1,Food,,,Bulbs used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 27"
12482,1293,Dichelostemma ida-maia (Wood) Greene,105,Karok,70,b81,27,3,Other,38,Decorations,Flowers used for bouquets.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 27"
12483,1293,Dichelostemma ida-maia (Wood) Greene,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,3,Other,38,Decorations,Seed pods dried and hung up as ornaments.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
12485,1294,Dichelostemma multiflorum (Benth.) Heller,105,Karok,70,b81,27,1,Food,,,Raw bulbs used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 27"
12681,1334,Dryopteris arguta (Kaulfuss) Watt,105,Karok,70,b81,28,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to clean eels.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 28"
13040,1385,Elymus glaucus Buckl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,2,Drug,18,Other,Plant used as a medicine to settle quarrels between families or individuals.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
13041,1385,Elymus glaucus Buckl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds parched, pounded into a flour and mixed with water into a paste.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
13261,1413,Epilobium canum ssp. latifolium (Hook.) Raven,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,1,Food,,,Blossoms sucked for the nectar.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
13277,1419,Epipactis gigantea Dougl. ex Hook.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,38,Decorations,Flowers used for their prettiness.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
13366,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used in ceremonial cleansing for the priests in First Salmon ceremony.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
13367,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of plant used as a wash or poultice of stalks applied for sore eyes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
13421,1423,Equisetum hyemale var. affine (Engelm.) A.A. Eat.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Dried stalks used to sharpen mussel shell scrapers and for polishing arrows.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
13434,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,105,Karok,70,b81,29,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Stems used to sandpaper madrone spoons.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 29"
13678,1455,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. speciosa (Nutt.) Nesom & Baird,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,3,Other,38,Decorations,Stems and flowers tied by girls onto the end of hair rolls as imitation mink skins.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
13871,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of leaves taken for colds.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
13872,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of leaves taken for pleurisy.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
13873,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of leaves taken for tuberculosis.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
13874,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,105,Karok,70,b81,30,1,Food,27,Beverage,Decoction of leaves and Pinus lambertiana pitch or leaves chewed and water taken as soothing drink.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 30"
14090,1520,Eriogonum nudum Dougl. ex Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Sour tasting, young stems eaten raw as greens.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
14091,1520,Eriogonum nudum Dougl. ex Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Stems used by children to play a game by hooking each other's plant.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
14096,1521,Eriogonum nudum var. oblongifolium S. Wats.,105,Karok,70,b81,30,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Roots used for abdominal ailments.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 30"
14097,1521,Eriogonum nudum var. oblongifolium S. Wats.,105,Karok,70,b81,30,1,Food,,,Young shoots used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 30"
14098,1521,Eriogonum nudum var. oblongifolium S. Wats.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Sour tasting, young stems eaten raw as greens.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
14099,1521,Eriogonum nudum var. oblongifolium S. Wats.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Stems used by children to play a game by hooking each other's plant.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
14942,1639,Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
14943,1639,Fragaria vesca ssp. californica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Staudt,105,Karok,70,b81,31,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruit used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 31"
15094,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Infusion of bark taken as a physic.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
15228,1658,Fraxinus latifolia Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,2,Drug,137,Preventive Medicine,Bark used to prevent bad effect on medicine by ceremonially impure person.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
15229,1658,Fraxinus latifolia Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
15523,1691,Galium triflorum Michx.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Plant placed in women's bed as a love medicine.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
15633,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,5,Dye,108,Black,Berries rubbed over basket caps as a black stain.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
15634,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
16081,1760,Gnaphalium sp.,105,Karok,109,m66,209,2,Drug,,,Used for medicine.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 209"
16194,1778,Grindelia robusta Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves eaten raw as greens.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
16195,1778,Grindelia robusta Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Decoction of roots used as a shampoo to kill hair lice.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
16449,1801,Hastingsia alba (Dur.) S. Wats.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Leaves put over the teeth to make a snapping sound for amusement.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
16840,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots poisonous to cattle.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
16841,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots used as a yellow dye for porcupine quills.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
16842,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,1,Food,,,Fresh shoot used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
16988,1860,Heteromeles arbutifolia (Lindl.) M. Roemer,105,Karok,70,b81,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries roasted over an open fire and eaten.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 32"
16997,1861,Heteromeles arbutifolia var. arbutifolia,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries put on a basket plate in front of the fire, turned until wilted and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
16998,1861,Heteromeles arbutifolia var. arbutifolia,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Leaves thrown into the fire by children to hear them crack like firecrackers.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
17183,1895,Hierochloe occidentalis Buckl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plant taken by women after miscarriage or to arrest fetus growth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
17184,1895,Hierochloe occidentalis Buckl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Plant given to sick dogs.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
17314,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Shoots used to make 'Indian cards.' A set of little sticks was prepared by scraping ten inch lengths of shoot clean of bark.  All the sticks were straight and one was marked with a black mark.  The dealer took the set of sticks in his hands, shuffled the sticks, sang and held his hands behind his back.  He tried to prevent his opponents from guessing where the black marked stick was.  If the dealer kept the other side from guessing where the ace was for ten times, he won.  This was a gambling game.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
18020,2010,Iris macrosiphon Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,"Leaves dried, scraped and used to make string or cord.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
18021,2010,Iris macrosiphon Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Used to make rope.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
18022,2010,Iris macrosiphon Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Leaves dried, scraped & used to make fish nets, camping bags, deer snares, traps & woodpecker nets.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
18359,2042,Juncus effusus L.,105,Karok,70,b81,33,2,Drug,,,Stems and leaves placed in the fire and the medicine man prayed over it.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 33"
18360,2042,Juncus effusus L.,105,Karok,70,b81,33,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stems used by young females to practice making baskets.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 33"
18372,2044,Juncus ensifolius Wikstr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used in teaching little girls to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
19700,2107,Lathyrus graminifolius (S. Wats.) White,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Tender plant eaten as greens in the spring.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
19987,2153,Letharia vulpina,105,Karok,70,b81,34,5,Dye,,,Used as a dye for porcupine quills.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 34"
20188,2174,Ligusticum apiifolium (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,213,Dietary Aid,Infusion of roots taken by person who lacks an appetite.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
20289,2185,Lilium occidentale Purdy,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,1,Food,,,Bulbs baked in the earth oven and eaten.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
20291,2186,Lilium pardalinum Kellogg,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,1,Food,,,Bulbs baked in the earth oven and eaten.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
20317,2190,Lilium rubescens S. Wats.,105,Karok,70,b81,34,3,Other,38,Decorations,Used for bouquets.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 34"
20503,2212,Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.,105,Karok,70,b81,35,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Acorn paste made into patties and baked in hot coals. People would camp in groves when harvesting the fruit.  Certain villages had certain fruit crops.  Fruits were gathered after they had fallen from the trees, but before insects invaded them.  While younger men hunted, the remainder of the people played games centered around removing the shells from the seed.  When the seeds were ground, a basket with a hole in the bottom large enough to include the stone mortar was placed over the mortar to keep the acorn flour in place.  It was then leached in sand with cold water.  The finished flour was mixed with water to make a paste which could be cooked in several ways.  A gruel was most often made by cooking the paste in cooking baskets.  Hot rocks were placed into the paste to bring it to boiling.  The rocks were kept from burning the basket with 'acorn paddles.'  The rocks were placed in and out of the gruel with twigs bent into a U-shape.  Males ate gruel with wooden spoons, the females used mussel shells.  The cake of acorn meal that formed around the hot rocks was given to children as sort of a treat.  Gruel was flavored with venison, herbs, etc.  The paste was occasionally baked as patties in hot coals.  Flour was stored in large storage baskets.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
20504,2212,Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.,105,Karok,70,b81,35,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Acorn flour used to make paste and gruel and flavored with venison and herbs. People would camp in groves when harvesting the fruit.  Certain villages had certain fruit crops.  Fruits were gathered after they had fallen from the trees, but before insects invaded them.  While younger men hunted, the remainder of the people played games centered around removing the shells from the seed.  When the seeds were ground, a basket with a hole in the bottom large enough to include the stone mortar was placed over the mortar to keep the acorn flour in place.  It was then leached in sand with cold water.  The finished flour was mixed with water to make a paste which could be cooked in several ways.  A gruel was most often made by cooking the paste in cooking baskets.  Hot rocks were placed into the paste to bring it to boiling.  The rocks were kept from burning the basket with 'acorn paddles.'  The rocks were placed in and out of the gruel with twigs bent into a U-shape.  Males ate gruel with wooden spoons, the females used mussel shells.  The cake of acorn meal that formed around the hot rocks was given to children as sort of a treat.  Gruel was flavored with venison, herbs, etc.  The paste was occasionally baked as patties in hot coals.  Flour was stored in large storage baskets.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
20505,2212,Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Acorns shelled, dried, pounded into a meal, leached and used to make gruel.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
20506,2212,Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Acorns shelled, dried, pounded into a meal, leached and used to make gruel.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
20507,2212,Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.,105,Karok,70,b81,35,1,Food,75,Staple,"Acorns considered the main staple. People would camp in groves when harvesting the fruit.  Certain villages had certain fruit crops.  Fruits were gathered after they had fallen from the trees, but before insects invaded them.  While younger men hunted, the remainder of the people played games centered around removing the shells from the seed.  When the seeds were ground, a basket with a hole in the bottom large enough to include the stone mortar was placed over the mortar to keep the acorn flour in place.  It was then leached in sand with cold water.  The finished flour was mixed with water to make a paste which could be cooked in several ways.  A gruel was most often made by cooking the paste in cooking baskets.  Hot rocks were placed into the paste to bring it to boiling.  The rocks were kept from burning the basket with 'acorn paddles.'  The rocks were placed in and out of the gruel with twigs bent into a U-shape.  Males ate gruel with wooden spoons, the females used mussel shells.  The cake of acorn meal that formed around the hot rocks was given to children as sort of a treat.  Gruel was flavored with venison, herbs, etc.  The paste was occasionally baked as patties in hot coals.  Flour was stored in large storage baskets.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
20508,2212,Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.,105,Karok,70,b81,35,1,Food,75,Staple,"Acorns used to make flour. People would camp in groves when harvesting the fruit.  Certain villages had certain fruit crops.  Fruits were gathered after they had fallen from the trees, but before insects invaded them.  While younger men hunted, the remainder of the people played games centered around removing the shells from the seed.  When the seeds were ground, a basket with a hole in the bottom large enough to include the stone mortar was placed over the mortar to keep the acorn flour in place.  It was then leached in sand with cold water.  The finished flour was mixed with water to make a paste which could be cooked in several ways.  A gruel was most often made by cooking the paste in cooking baskets.  Hot rocks were placed into the paste to bring it to boiling.  The rocks were kept from burning the basket with 'acorn paddles.'  The rocks were placed in and out of the gruel with twigs bent into a U-shape.  Males ate gruel with wooden spoons, the females used mussel shells.  The cake of acorn meal that formed around the hot rocks was given to children as sort of a treat.  Gruel was flavored with venison, herbs, etc.  The paste was occasionally baked as patties in hot coals.  Flour was stored in large storage baskets.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
20509,2212,Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.,105,Karok,70,b81,35,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Acorn flour stored in large storage baskets. People would camp in groves when harvesting the fruit.  Certain villages had certain fruit crops.  Fruits were gathered after they had fallen from the trees, but before insects invaded them.  While younger men hunted, the remainder of the people played games centered around removing the shells from the seed.  When the seeds were ground, a basket with a hole in the bottom large enough to include the stone mortar was placed over the mortar to keep the acorn flour in place.  It was then leached in sand with cold water.  The finished flour was mixed with water to make a paste which could be cooked in several ways.  A gruel was most often made by cooking the paste in cooking baskets.  Hot rocks were placed into the paste to bring it to boiling.  The rocks were kept from burning the basket with 'acorn paddles.'  The rocks were placed in and out of the gruel with twigs bent into a U-shape.  Males ate gruel with wooden spoons, the females used mussel shells.  The cake of acorn meal that formed around the hot rocks was given to children as sort of a treat.  Gruel was flavored with venison, herbs, etc.  The paste was occasionally baked as patties in hot coals.  Flour was stored in large storage baskets.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
20510,2212,Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Acorns stored for winter use.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
20728,2232,Lomatium californicum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,215,Dietary Aid,Decoction of roots taken by person who does not feel like eating.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
20729,2232,Lomatium californicum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
20730,2232,Lomatium californicum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,105,Karok,70,b81,37,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Root chewed and smoked in the pipe.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 37"
21264,2272,Lotus humistratus Greene,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plant taken and used as a wash by women in labor.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
21303,2284,Lupinus albifrons Benth. ex Lindl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of plant taken and used as a steambath for stomach troubles.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
21825,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Leaves and roots used as a steambath for 'yellow fever.',"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
21826,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,38,2,Drug,18,Other,"Fruits, if eaten, caused diarrhea.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21827,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction of roots taken as a good medicine for all kinds of sickness.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
21828,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
21829,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,3,Other,26,Paint,Fruit mixed with salmon glue and pounded larkspur flowers and used to paint arrows and bows.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
21975,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,105,Karok,70,b81,38,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Root used in a tonic.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21976,2376,Mahonia repens (Lindl.) G. Don,105,Karok,70,b81,38,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Root used to dye porcupine quills yellow.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
22060,2380,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of root applied to the severed umbilical cord of child.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
22061,2380,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Poultice of root applied to the severed umbilical cord of child.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
22396,2415,Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell,105,Karok,70,b81,39,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of roots applied to bruises and boils.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 39"
22397,2415,Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
22990,2473,Mimulus cardinalis Dougl. ex Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of plant used as a wash for newborn baby.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
23029,2486,Mirabilis greenei S. Wats.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Plant used to make a new-born baby healthy.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
23354,2513,Monardella odoratissima Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Plant used as a sweat medicine.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
23355,2513,Monardella odoratissima Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Plant used as a love medicine by women.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
23356,2513,Monardella odoratissima Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Plant put inside the hat for the nice smell when going on a journey.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
23384,2515,Monardella sp.,105,Karok,109,m66,209,2,Drug,,,Used for medicine.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 209"
23883,2584,Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf,105,Karok,109,m66,209,2,Drug,,,Used for medicine.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 209"
23884,2584,Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,"Leaves dried, powdered and smoked.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
24212,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by ground squirrels.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
24942,2692,Osmorhiza berteroi DC.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root chewed for headaches.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
24943,2692,Osmorhiza berteroi DC.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Roots used for any illness.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
24944,2692,Osmorhiza berteroi DC.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,2,Drug,137,Preventive Medicine,Roots placed under pillow to prevent sickness.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
24945,2692,Osmorhiza berteroi DC.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,2,Drug,60,Psychological Aid,Infusion of roots used as a bath for grieving person.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
24946,2692,Osmorhiza berteroi DC.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young tops eaten raw as greens.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
24947,2692,Osmorhiza berteroi DC.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Plant growing in a place where it had never been seen before was very good luck.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
25149,2709,Oxalis oregana Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,2,Drug,362,Dietary Aid,Plant used by anyone who does not feel like eating.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
25592,2765,Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf.,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
25926,2813,Penstemon laetus Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,2,Drug,60,Psychological Aid,Infusion of plant taken and used as a steambath by grieving person.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
25953,2825,Pentagramma triangularis ssp. triangularis,105,Karok,71,sg52,377,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant used to mitigate the afterpains of childbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 377"
25954,2825,Pentagramma triangularis ssp. triangularis,105,Karok,71,sg52,377,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used to mitigate the afterpains of childbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 377"
26038,2832,Perideridia gairdneri ssp. gairdneri,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,1,Food,,,"Roots dried, peeled, cooked in an earth oven and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
26201,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Plant used for sickly babies.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
26202,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Plant used for sickly babies.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
26376,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Young shoots used to make arrow shafts.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
26377,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,3,Other,79,Smoking Tools,"Twigs, with the pithy center removed, used to make tobacco pipes.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
26771,2927,Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Shoots used to make arrows.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
27367,2951,Pinus attenuata Lemmon,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,38,Decorations,Nuts used as beads and ornaments for dresses.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
27750,2964,Pinus lambertiana Dougl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used for building sweathouses.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
27751,2964,Pinus lambertiana Dougl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,1,Food,,,Coagulated sap gathered from hollow trees and eaten without preparation or mixing with other foods.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
27752,2964,Pinus lambertiana Dougl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,1,Food,,,Nuts roasted and used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
27753,2964,Pinus lambertiana Dougl.,105,Karok,70,b81,44,1,Food,,,"Roasted seeds used for food. The cones were placed in a trench and covered with dirt.  A fire was built on top.  After roasting, the cones were broken open to release the seeds.  Some were stored over winter.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 44"
27754,2964,Pinus lambertiana Dougl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Nuts roasted and stored for winter use.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
27755,2964,Pinus lambertiana Dougl.,105,Karok,70,b81,44,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Roasted seeds stored for winter use. The cones were placed in a trench and covered with dirt.  A fire was built on top.  After roasting, the cones were broken open to release the seeds.  Some were stored over winter.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 44"
27756,2964,Pinus lambertiana Dougl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Pitch used as an adhesive.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
27757,2964,Pinus lambertiana Dougl.,105,Karok,70,b81,44,3,Other,125,Jewelry,Seeds used as beads in jewelry.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 44"
27959,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,105,Karok,70,b81,45,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bigger roots used for basketry.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 45"
27960,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Root fibers used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
28116,2975,Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,3,Other,38,Decorations,Nuts used as beads to decorate dance dresses.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
29106,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Fronds used in a game played by adults of both sexes to see who had the longest wind. Beginning at the bottom of the frond, the player touched each leaflet, first on one side of the stem and then the other and said 'tiip'  each time he touched a leaflet.  Whoever went the farthest up the frond won.  There was no gambling on this game.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
29292,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Leaves used as a love medicine.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
29293,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
29294,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,105,Karok,109,m66,209,3,Other,57,Fasteners,"Leaf buds, in spring, used as glue to stick feathers to arrows.","Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 209"
29920,3150,Prosartes smithii (Hook.) Utech,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by squirrels.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
30894,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Bark scrapings placed beside the nose of babies for colds.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
30895,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Bark scrapings placed beside the nose of babies for colds.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
30896,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
30897,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Gum used to fasten foreshafts to the end of arrows.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
30898,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,3,Other,26,Paint,Gum applied to the surface of bows and arrows before painting the design.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
31088,3193,Pseudognaphalium canescens ssp. microcephalum (Nutt.) Kartesz,105,Karok,71,sg52,390,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Cold infusion of plant used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 390"
31166,3199,Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco,105,Karok,70,b81,48,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of young sprouts used for colds.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
31167,3199,Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco,105,Karok,70,b81,48,1,Food,27,Beverage,Young sprouts used to make tea.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
31270,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Boughs used as an antiseptic.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
31271,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,2,Drug,78,Herbal Steam,Plant used as sweathouse fuel.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
31272,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used to make planks.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
31273,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,1,Food,86,Spice,Boughs used as 'seasoning' for barbecued elk or deer meat.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
31274,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,38,Decorations,Soot from burned pitch rubbed into the punctures made in tattooing a girl's chin.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
31275,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Boughs considered 'good luck.',"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
31276,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Boughs used in fire to pass the bow & arrow through, to prevent the deer from smelling the hunter.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
31277,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make the salmon harpoon shaft and dip net poles.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
31278,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make the hook for climbing sugar pine trees.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
31520,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,105,Karok,71,sg52,377,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used under draining fish.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 377"
31521,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,105,Karok,70,b81,48,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to clean eels and salmon.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 48"
31765,3238,Pyrola asarifolia Michx.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Decoction of plant used as a steam bath for 'goofy' child in the Brush Dance.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
31766,3238,Pyrola asarifolia Michx.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of plant used as a steam bath for 'goofy' child in the Brush Dance.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
31767,3238,Pyrola asarifolia Michx.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Decoction of plant used as a steam bath for 'goofy' child in the Brush Dance.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
31797,3242,Pyrola picta Sm.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of plant used as a wash for sick child.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
31798,3242,Pyrola picta Sm.,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of plant used as a wash for sick child.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
31943,3255,Quercus chrysolepis Liebm.,105,Karok,70,b81,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit buried from one to four years to kill the bugs and worms and used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 49"
31944,3255,Quercus chrysolepis Liebm.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,,,Acorns used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
32128,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plant taken by mother before her first baby comes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
32129,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Pounded bark rubbed on abdomen and sides of mother before her first delivery.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
32130,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,,,Acorns used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
32192,3270,Quercus kelloggii Newberry,105,Karok,70,b81,49,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit soaked in mud for a year and used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 49"
32193,3270,Quercus kelloggii Newberry,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,,,Acorns made into 'houm' and eaten.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
32407,3288,Quercus sadleriana R. Br.,105,Karok,71,sg52,382,1,Food,,,"Acorns shelled, parched and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 382"
32662,3303,Ranunculus californicus Benth.,105,Karok,70,b81,49,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Stems split and sucked on to make sounds.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 49"
32855,3339,Rhododendron macrophyllum D. Don ex G. Don,105,Karok,71,sg52,387,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Plant used in the luck-getting ceremony of the sweathouse.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 387"
33448,3365,Ribes cruentum Greene,105,Karok,70,b81,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh fruits used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 50"
33449,3366,Ribes cruentum var. cruentum,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
33481,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
33688,3391,Ribes roezlii Regel,105,Karok,70,b81,50,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 50"
33844,3412,Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek,105,Karok,70,b81,51,1,Food,,,Young plants boiled and eaten.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 51"
34606,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
34607,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,105,Karok,70,b81,51,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 51"
34802,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,2,Drug,387,Dietary Aid,Infusion of roots taken by thin people as an appetizer or tonic.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
34803,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of roots taken by thin people as a tonic.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
34804,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
35113,3474,Rubus vitifolius Cham. & Schlecht.,105,Karok,71,sg52,384,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384"
35114,3474,Rubus vitifolius Cham. & Schlecht.,105,Karok,70,b81,52,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit eaten fresh.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 52"
35226,3484,Rumex conglomeratus Murr.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,78,Herbal Steam,Decoction of plant used as a steam bath medicine.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
35687,3521,Salix bonplandiana Kunth,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
35688,3521,Salix bonplandiana Kunth,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Twigs used as warp sticks.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
35689,3521,Salix bonplandiana Kunth,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,58,Protection,Used as a protective charm by those ferrying turbulent waters.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
35795,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,"Roots scraped, dried and used on the inside of the overlaid twined baskets.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
35796,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,53,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stems used for the main ribs in baskets as an alternate for Corylus stems.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 53"
35797,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Twigs used to make the warp sticks for twined baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36058,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,32,Containers,Roots used to make the fire hearth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36059,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,17,Tools,Roots used to make the fire drill.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36092,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Roots and branches used in the World Renewal ceremony fire.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36093,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36094,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,32,Containers,Roots used as a fire hearth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36095,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Twigs used by fishermen to string salmon steaks while drying.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36096,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,58,Protection,Branch tied to the bow of a boat as a charm against danger when crossing the river in high water.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36097,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,17,Tools,Roots used as a fire drill.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36098,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,3,Other,17,Tools,Whole plant beaten with a stick to make the wind blow on hot days.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
36514,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Infusion of branches used as a wash for sick child in the Brush Dance.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
36515,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of branches used as a wash for sick child in the Brush Dance.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
36516,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of branches used as a wash for sick child in the Brush Dance.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
36517,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,1,Food,52,Fruit,Mashed berries used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
36518,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Lower branches used to make flutes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
37063,3573,Sanicula bipinnata Hook. & Arn.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves eaten as greens.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
37064,3573,Sanicula bipinnata Hook. & Arn.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,3,Other,168,Water Indicator,"Plant grew near good luck water. This plant grew naturally in swamps.  It was believed that even if you found it in a dry place, if you searched you would find water near by.  The water bubbled up in a little hole and disappeared again soon.  This was good luck water.  When a woman was making baskets, she went to it, if she knew where it was and washed her hands.  Then she would have good luck in making her baskets and perhaps would sell them at a high price.  When people were gambling, they would go and wash their hands in a 'lucky water.'  If you found a lucky water, you would not tell anyone, but would keep it secret, so that no unclean person would go near it.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
37375,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Used for making matting.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
37971,3674,Silene campanulata S. Wats.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Plant used as medicine for babies.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
37972,3674,Silene campanulata S. Wats.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,,,Plant used as medicine for babies.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
38318,3724,Solanum nigrum L.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
39480,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,57,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of bark taken as a 'blood medicine.',"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 57"
39481,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of twig bark taken for stomachaches.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
39482,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,57,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Leaves used to sew sacks.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 57"
39483,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten one at a time.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 57"
39484,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used as the covering for stone knives.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
39485,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
39486,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,57,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 57"
39487,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,79,Smoking Tools,Wood used to make tobacco pipes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
39488,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,379,3,Other,17,Tools,Bark used as the handle for stone knives.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379"
39489,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,57,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make various tools.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 57"
40443,3972,Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Leaf swallowed in the spring as a prophylactic.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
40444,3972,Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene,105,Karok,70,b81,58,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 58"
40445,3972,Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene,105,Karok,70,b81,58,1,Food,85,Candy,"Plant chewed like tobacco, 'just to raise heck.'","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 58"
40446,3972,Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to cover soap plant while cooking in the earth oven.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
40447,3972,Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene,105,Karok,70,b81,58,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Branches used to prop salmon filet open.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 58"
40448,3972,Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene,105,Karok,71,sg52,385,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Twigs used to spit the salmon steaks during smoking.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 385"
40562,3995,Trichostema lanceolatum Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,389,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Plant used in bedding to keep fleas away.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 389"
40581,3996,Trichostema sp.,105,Karok,109,m66,209,2,Drug,,,Used for medicine.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 209"
40710,4021,Trillium ovatum Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,381,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant juice applied to boils.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381"
40803,4035,Triteleia laxa Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,1,Food,,,Bulbs roasted and eaten.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
41621,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant taken by women for the pains of afterbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
41622,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Plant used as steambath or burning boughs used to fumigate house for colds.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
41623,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,59,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of ground seeds applied to sores.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 59"
41624,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Boughs used in fire to fumigate the house for colds and other sicknesses.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
41625,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plant taken by women for the pains of afterbirth.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
41626,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Plant used as steambath or burning bough to fumigate house for any sickness.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
41627,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,1,Food,,,"Nuts hulled, stored, parched in ashes, cracked open and eaten.","Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
41628,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,59,1,Food,,,"Seeds shelled, roasted and eaten.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 59"
41629,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Nuts hulled and stored in big baskets for winter use.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
41630,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,59,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Foliage placed on fire during the Brush Dance to drive evil spirits away.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 59"
41631,4056,Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,383,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Leaves thrown into the fire by children to hear them crack like firecrackers.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383"
42221,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,105,Karok,70,b81,60,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh berries used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 60"
42222,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries stored in baskets for future use.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
42223,4083,Vaccinium ovatum Pursh,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to cover soap plant bulbs in the earth oven.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
42318,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Stems and twigs used to make brooms.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
42319,4085,Vaccinium parvifolium Sm.,105,Karok,71,sg52,388,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388"
42576,4102,Veratrum californicum Dur.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,3,Other,38,Decorations,Inner white stem torn into ribbons and braided into the girls' hair for ornaments.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
43303,4164,Viola sempervirens Greene,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Flowers used by children during play.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
43376,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,105,Karok,70,b81,62,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used as basketry material for the basket bottoms.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 62"
43377,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
43378,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Vines used to moor a boat and smaller vines twisted to make ropes.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
43379,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
43380,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,105,Karok,71,sg52,386,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves put over bulbs while cooking in the earth oven.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 386"
43381,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,105,Karok,70,b81,62,3,Other,17,Tools,Stems used for lashings.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 62"
43569,4195,Woodwardia fimbriata Sm.,105,Karok,70,b81,63,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Leaf fiber used to make baskets. Fibers were pounded from the rachis and dyed with Alnus bark for use in basketry.  The fibers were then dried and coiled for storage.  They were soaked to unroll and used.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 63"
43574,4196,Woodwardia radicans (L.) J. Sm.,105,Karok,71,sg52,378,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stems used in basketmaking.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 378"
43702,4216,Xerophyllum sp.,105,Karok,109,m66,211,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make baskets.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 211"
43703,4216,Xerophyllum sp.,105,Karok,109,m66,211,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Used to make basket hats for men and women.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 211"
43718,4217,Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Leaves used to make baskets.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
43719,4217,Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt.,105,Karok,70,b81,63,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,"New sprouts used to make baskets, especially for designs.","Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 63"
43720,4217,Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt.,105,Karok,71,sg52,380,3,Other,38,Decorations,Plant used as dress ornaments.,"Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380"
44582,4250,Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats.,105,Karok,70,b81,64,1,Food,,,Bulbs used for food.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 64"