id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
1444,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,4,Alaska Native,132,h53,149,2,Drug,13,Poison,Berries considered poisonous.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 149"
1445,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,6,Algonquin,202,b36,142,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Used for stomach pains, in some seasons for males, other seasons for females.","Bradley, Will T., 1936, Medical Practices of the New England Aborigines, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association 25(2):138-147, page 142"
1446,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,34,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of roots taken for colds.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 34"
1447,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,34,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of roots taken for coughs.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 34"
1448,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,23,Blackfoot,146,j87,34,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Decoction of roots used to treat horses.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 34"
1449,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,33,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Roots used in ceremonies.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 33"
1450,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Roots used for sores.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 33"
1451,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,33,2,Drug,226,Dietary Aid,Decoction of roots taken to improve the appetite.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 33"
1452,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,33,Cheyenne,30,h92,8,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of root pieces used by women after childbirth for increased milk flow.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 8"
1453,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,33,Cheyenne,57,h81,22,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of stems taken by pregnant and nursing mothers to increase milk flow.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 22"
1454,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,358,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of root taken for excessive flowing.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358"
1455,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,56,"Cree, Hudson Bay",83,h84,303,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Plant used as a purgative.,"Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303"
1456,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,58,"Cree, Woodlands",47,l85,25,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of small piece of root taken to slow heavy menstrual flow.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 25"
1457,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,17,2,Drug,13,Poison,Fruits considered poisonous.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 17"
1458,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,382,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Root eaten by men for stomach troubles.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 382"
1459,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,382,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of root taken after childbirth 'to clear up the system.',"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 382"
1460,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,201,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of root taken for stomach pain caused by having 'swallowed hair.',"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201"
1461,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,174,"Ojibwa, South",56,h91,201,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of root taken for stomach pain caused by having 'swallowed hair.',"Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201"
1462,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,74,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of root given 'to purge the patient of afterbirth.',"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 74"
1463,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,245,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of root taken in a one teaspoon dose for arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 245"
1464,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,245,2,Drug,13,Poison,Red and white berried plant considered extremely poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 245"
1465,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,259,Thompson,10,tta90,245,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of plant taken for bronchial or lung trouble.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 245"