id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
668,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,98,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Sap used to make syrup.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 98"
669,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,7,"Algonquin, Quebec",67,b80,98,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Sap used to make sugar.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 98"
670,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used for lumber.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
671,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make furniture.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
672,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Juice used to make sugar.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
673,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,32,Cherokee,86,perry75,32,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Sap used to make sugar.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 32"
674,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,32,Cherokee,1,hc75,44,3,Other,38,Decorations,Wood used to carve.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 44"
675,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,38,Chippewa,15,gil33,135,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Sap made into sugar and used as a commodity of intertribal commerce. Maple sugar was among the great staples in the domestic economy and was a commodity of intertribal commerce being traded to people of tribes in areas not possessing this tree.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 135"
676,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,38,Chippewa,4,d28,377,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Used to make paddles for stirring maple sap.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377"
677,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,61,Dakota,17,g19,100,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Sap formerly used to make sugar.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 100"
678,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Complex compound used as a blood purifier.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
679,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Compound decoction of leaves used as a wash on parts affected by 'Italian itch.',"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
680,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,7,h77,378,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Compound infusion of bark used as drops for blindness.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 378"
681,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Sap used for sore eyes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142"
682,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,52,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Infusion of bark with another whole plant taken by forest runners for shortness of breath.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 52"
683,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,,,"Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a medicine.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142"
684,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,146,1,Food,27,Beverage,Sap fermented and used as an intoxicant.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 146"
685,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,52,1,Food,27,Beverage,Sap made into sugar and used to make beer.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 52"
686,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a drink for home consumption and longhouse ceremonies.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142"
687,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,119,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Bark dried, pounded, sifted and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119"
688,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,59,r45ii,52,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Sap used to make sugar.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 52"
689,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Sap used to make sugar.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142"
690,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,134,Malecite,78,sd52,6,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood used to make paddles and oars.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
691,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,134,Malecite,78,sd52,6,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Used to make maple syrup.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
692,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,134,Malecite,78,sd52,6,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Used to make maple syrup and sugar.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
693,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,134,Malecite,78,sd52,6,3,Other,145,Lighting,Wood used to make torch handles.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
694,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,138,Menominee,51,s23,61,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Boiled sap made into maple sugar and used in almost every combination of cookery.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 61"
695,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,255,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Maple sugar used instead of salt as seasoning in cooking.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 255"
696,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,139,Meskwaki,21,smith28,266,3,Other,167,Designs,Leaf used in beadwork designs.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 266"
697,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
698,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Sap used to make maple syrup and maple sugar.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
699,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make bows and arrows.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
700,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,"69, 128",2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Inner bark used as a cough remedy.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69, 128"
701,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,149,Mohegan,97,t72,69,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Sap used as a sweetening agent and to make maple syrup.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 69"
702,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,394,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Sap saved to drink as it comes from the tree, alone or mixed with box elder or birch sap.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 394"
703,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,394,1,Food,163,Sour,Sap allowed to sour to make vinegar and mixed with maple sugar to cook sweet and sour meat.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 394"
704,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,394,1,Food,135,Sweetener,"Maple sugar used to season all kinds of meats, replaced now with salt. Smith describes in detail the process by which the Ojibwe make maple syrup.  Although now (1932) they use iron kettles, originally the sap and storage vessels were 'made of birch bark, sewed with boiled basswood fiber or the core of the jack pine root.'  The vessels are rendered waterproof by the application of pitch secured by boiling jack pine cones.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 394"
705,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,413,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make bowls and many other objects of utility.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 413"
706,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,173,Ojibwa,20,smith32,413,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make paddles for stirring maple sugar or wild rice while scorching or parching it.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 413"
707,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,37,2,Drug,139,Expectorant,Inner bark used as an expectorant.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 37"
708,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,92,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Maple sap, as it came from the tree, drunk by children.","Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 92"
709,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,92,1,Food,85,Candy,Children made taffy by cooling the maple sap in the snow.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 92"
710,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,92,1,Food,163,Sour,Maple sap not only furnished the sugar for seasoning material but also furnished the vinegar. Sap that was allowed to become sour made a vinegar to be used in cooking venison which was afterwards sweetened with maple sugar.  This corresponds somewhat to the German 'sweet and sour' style of cooking.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 92"
711,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,206,Potawatomi,43,smith33,92,1,Food,135,Sweetener,"Maple sugar used, instead of salt, to season all cooking. The sugar maple and the black sugar maple are found all over Wisconsin and were considered to be the most valuable trees in the forest because they furnished them their seasoning material.  While they do use salt today, it is an acquired ingredient and most of the old people would prefer to have sugar for their seasoning.","Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 92"