id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
21587,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,21,Bella Coola,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of root taken for stomach trouble.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21588,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,198,3,Other,32,Containers,Large leaves folded and used as berry containers.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198"
21589,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,21,Bella Coola,53,t73,198,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,"Large leaves folded and used as drinking cups, as covering for drying cakes and to line pits.","Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 198"
21590,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,41,Clallam,99,f80,196,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of roots used for sores.,"Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 196"
21591,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,22,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of heated blossoms applied to the body for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21592,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,22,1,Food,,,"Blossoms cooked overnight and eaten no more than two or three at a time, otherwise one became sick.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21593,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Compound containing root used as plaster on the chest for lung hemorrhages.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21594,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Compound containing root used for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21595,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice applied or leaves sat on or lain on in sweatbath for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21596,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),"Smoke of root inhaled for influenza, rheumatism and bad dreams.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21597,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Simple or compound poultice of mashed root applied for blood poisoning and boils.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21598,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Smoke from burning roots inhaled for influenza and bad dreams.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21599,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots considered poisonous.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21600,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Compound containing root used as plaster on the chest for lung hemorrhages.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21601,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,78,Gitksan,9,s29,"52, 53",2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Smoke of root inhaled for bad dreams, influenza and rheumatism.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
21602,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,87,Haisla and Hanaksiala,14,c93,189,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of pounded root paste applied to burns.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 189"
21603,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,87,Haisla and Hanaksiala,14,c93,189,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Roots used experimentally for bloody urine.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 189"
21604,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,87,Haisla and Hanaksiala,14,c93,189,1,Food,5,Forage,"Roots eaten by black and grizzly bears after hibernation, to cleanse and strengthen their stomachs.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 189"
21605,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,87,Haisla and Hanaksiala,14,c93,189,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used as a mat when drying berries.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 189"
21606,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,87,Haisla and Hanaksiala,14,c93,189,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,"Leaves used to wrap western hemlock cambium, bear meat and porcupine meat while cooking.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 189"
21607,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,92,Hesquiat,101,ttco83,78,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of cold and fresh leaves applied for burns.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
21608,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,48,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of cool leaves used for bad burns.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 48"
21609,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,48,2,Drug,,,Roots used as a medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 48"
21610,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,48,1,Food,5,Forage,Roots eaten by deer and bear.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 48"
21611,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,92,Hesquiat,41,te82,48,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used as sheets to dry berries.,"Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 48"
21612,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,94,Hoh,77,r36,59,1,Food,5,Forage,Plants eaten by bears in spring.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"
21613,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,94,Hoh,77,r36,59,1,Food,86,Spice,"Leaves placed over roasting camas, wild onion or garlic for flavoring.","Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"
21614,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,94,Hoh,77,r36,59,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves wrapped around cooked fruits and buried in swampy regions for preservation.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"
21615,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,94,Hoh,77,r36,59,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to wrap red elderberries during baking.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"
21616,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,112,Kitasoo,14,c93,320,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Spadices on sticks thrown by children in distance contests.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 320"
21617,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,114,Klallam,25,g73,22,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of baked roots applied to carbuncles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21618,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,114,Klallam,25,g73,22,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Poultice of leaves applied to parts of the body sore with scrofula.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21619,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,271,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Heated leaves used to draw out thorns and splinters.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21620,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,270,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of leaf, oil, down and Douglas fir bark applied to carbuncles.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 270"
21621,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,271,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of steamed, mashed roots applied to swellings.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21622,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,271,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of washed, heated leaves applied to boils, carbuncles and sores.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21623,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,271,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pulverized root rubbed into a child's head to make his hair grow.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21624,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,271,2,Drug,78,Herbal Steam,Leaves used in a sweatbath for general weakness or undefined sickness.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21625,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,271,2,Drug,18,Other,Leaves used in a sweatbath for undefined sickness.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21626,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,271,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Pulverized root rubbed into a child's head to make his hair grow.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21627,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,121,Kwakiutl,63,tb73,271,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Leaves used in a sweatbath for general weakness.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21628,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,271,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to cover baskets of freshly picked berries.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21629,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,286,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to cover baskets of stink currants.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 286"
21630,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,282,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used for drying salal berry cakes.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 282"
21631,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,271,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used for steam cooking salmon.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 271"
21632,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,285,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,"Leaves used to wrap wild clover roots for baking, boiling and steaming.","Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 285"
21633,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,122,"Kwakiutl, Southern",63,tb73,285,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used with green grass leaves to line steaming boxes for cooking lupine roots.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 285"
21634,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Raw root chewed by women to effect an abortion.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21635,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,101,ttco83,78,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Roots chewed to induce an abortion.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
21636,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of warmed leaves applied for chest pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21637,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,101,ttco83,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Warmed leaves applied to chest for pain.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
21638,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,3,g83,336,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Roots used for arthritis.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 336"
21639,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of roots taken as a blood purifier.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21640,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Root chewed to soothe the stomach after taking an emetic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21641,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Poultice of warmed leaves applied for chest pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21642,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,3,g83,336,2,Drug,,,Roots used medicinally for unspecified purpose.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 336"
21643,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used for drying salal berries and to line berry baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21644,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,3,g83,336,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to cover sprouts while cooking.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 336"
21645,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,78,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of one leaf applied for severe burns.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
21646,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,78,3,Other,32,Containers,"Large, waxy leaves used as berry containers and for wrapping leftover food.","Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
21647,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,78,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,"Large, waxy leaves used as plates, drinking cups, berry drying racks and steam pit covers.","Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
21648,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,166,Nitinaht,101,ttco83,105,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to make rectangular drying frames for drying mashed salal berries.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21649,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,35,1,Food,5,Forage,Flower stalks sucked by grizzly and black bears.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35"
21650,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,35,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves placed over and under the food in steaming pit cooking.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35"
21651,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,76,1,Food,5,Forage,Roots eaten by bears after emerging from hibernation.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 76"
21652,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,76,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to line berry baskets to prevent the berries from falling through holes in the baskets.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 76"
21653,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,181,Oweekeno,14,c93,76,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves folded into makeshift cups.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 76"
21654,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used for headaches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21655,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to cuts and swellings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21656,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Leaves used for fevers.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21657,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of pounded root taken to bring about easy delivery.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21658,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,77,r36,59,1,Food,5,Forage,Plants eaten by bears in spring.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"
21659,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,77,r36,59,1,Food,86,Spice,"Leaves placed over roasting camas, wild onion or garlic for flavoring.","Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"
21660,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,1,Food,,,Root cooked and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21661,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to wrap salal and elder berries while drying.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21662,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,77,r36,59,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves wrapped around cooked fruits and buried in swampy regions for preservation.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"
21663,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,77,r36,59,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to wrap red elderberries during baking.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59"
21664,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Leaves placed under canoe bow pieces to make seals easier to catch.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21665,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,210,Quinault,25,g73,22,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Poultice of leaves applied for many ailments.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21666,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,210,Quinault,25,g73,22,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Decoction of roots taken to clean out the bladder.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21667,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,217,"Salish, Coast",23,tb71,73,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to make water dippers on camping trips.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 73"
21668,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,221,Samish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,18,Other,Infusion of roots used as a wash for invalids.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21669,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,221,Samish,25,g73,22,3,Other,32,Containers,Large leaves doubled or rolled and used as cups for drinking or picking berries.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21670,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,53,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of leaves applied for pain, particularly pains in the knees.","Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 53"
21671,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,53,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to sores.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 53"
21672,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,53,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,"Poultice of leaves applied for pain, particularly pains in the knees.","Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 53"
21673,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,233,Shuswap,92,palmer75,53,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Cold infusion of roots taken for any sickness.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 53"
21674,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used for headaches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21675,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Infusion of roots taken as a physic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21676,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to cuts and swellings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21677,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Leaves used for fevers.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21678,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,1,Food,,,Young leaves steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21679,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,253,Swinomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,18,Other,Infusion of roots used as a wash for invalids.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21680,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,253,Swinomish,25,g73,22,3,Other,32,Containers,Large leaves doubled or rolled and used as cups for drinking or picking berries.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21681,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,259,Thompson,10,tta90,113,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Charcoal used for wounds. The charcoal was applied four times, the fourth time being mixed with bear grease.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 113"
21682,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,259,Thompson,10,tta90,113,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Powdered, charred rhizome mixed with bear grease, used as an ointment for animal bites & infections.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 113"
21683,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,259,Thompson,10,tta90,113,2,Drug,60,Psychological Aid,Leaves placed under pillows during sleep or the head washed with charcoal to induce 'power dreams.',"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 113"
21684,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,259,Thompson,10,tta90,113,3,Other,58,Protection,Charcoal used as protection against 'witchcraft.',"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 113"
21685,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,266,Tolowa,70,b81,38,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Roots used in a steam for arthritis and lumbago.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21686,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,266,Tolowa,70,b81,38,2,Drug,18,Other,Roots used in a steam for stroke.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21687,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,266,Tolowa,70,b81,38,1,Food,,,Root centers eaten after boiling eight times.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21688,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,266,Tolowa,70,b81,38,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used as a vessel to drive water from streams.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21689,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,266,Tolowa,70,b81,38,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to wrap sturgeon eggs baked in ashes.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21690,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,267,Tsimshian,14,c93,320,3,Other,32,Containers,"Leaves used to cover and wrap foods during collection, transit, storage or cooking.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 320"
21691,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,267,Tsimshian,14,c93,320,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to line cooking pits.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 320"
21692,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,267,Tsimshian,14,c93,320,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used as an underlay for drying berries.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 320"
21693,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,289,Yurok,70,b81,38,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Roots used in a steam for arthritis and lumbago.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21694,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,289,Yurok,70,b81,38,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Roots used in a steam for stroke.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21695,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,289,Yurok,70,b81,38,1,Food,,,Root centers eaten after boiling eight times.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21696,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,289,Yurok,70,b81,38,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used as a vessel to drive water from streams.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"
21697,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,289,Yurok,70,b81,38,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to wrap sturgeon eggs baked in ashes.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38"