id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
10294,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,2,Acoma,19,c35,22,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds cooked well, dried and made into mush before use.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 22"
10295,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,14,"Apache, Western",87,b86,192,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Leaves and whole, young plants used as greens.","Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache:  Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 192"
10296,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,79,Gosiute,38,c11,366,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,"Poultice of pounded, soaked leaves applied to sore eyes.","Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 366"
10297,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,89,Havasupai,2,ws85,221,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 221"
10298,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,95,Hopi,72,f96,16,1,Food,,,Leaves and flowers boiled and used for food.,"Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 16"
10299,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,95,Hopi,37,w39,77,1,Food,,,Young plants boiled for food.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 77"
10300,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,95,Hopi,19,c35,24,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Plants boiled and eaten like spinach. This plant was so important economically that it was listed in songs with corn, pumpkins and cotton, the three main cultivated plants.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10301,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,101,Isleta,76,j31,26,5,Dye,,,Roots formerly used to make a dye.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26"
10302,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,101,Isleta,76,j31,26,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Large seeds formerly used to make a flour for bread.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26"
10303,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,101,Isleta,19,c35,22,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds made into a meal and used to make bread.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 22"
10304,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,101,Isleta,76,j31,26,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves used as greens.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26"
10305,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,102,Jemez,28,c30,26,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Green parts boiled, fibrous material removed, molded into cakes and fried in grease, a delicacy.","Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26"
10306,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,102,Jemez,28,c30,26,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young and tender plants eaten as greens.,"Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26"
10307,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,37,1,Food,44,Porridge,Dried seeds cooked into a mush and eaten.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 37"
10308,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,107,"Keres, Western",79,swank32,37,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves and shoots used for food as greens.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 37"
10309,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,108,Keresan,90,w45,559,1,Food,,,Seeds cooked and eaten.,"White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 559"
10310,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,108,Keresan,90,w45,559,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves cooked as greens.,"White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 559"
10311,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,108,Keresan,90,w45,559,3,Other,26,Paint,Used to make the black paint for pottery decoration.,"White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 559"
10312,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,124,Laguna,19,c35,22,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds cooked well, dried and made into mush before use.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 22"
10313,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Dried leaves and meat or tallow used to make dumplings.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10314,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,121,l86,13,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Leaves dried and stored for winter use.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 13"
10315,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,19,c35,24,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Young plants boiled, pressed, rolled into balls, dried and stored for winter use.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10316,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Young shoots boiled, rolled into small balls and dried for winter use.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
10317,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,121,l86,13,1,Food,56,Soup,Dried leaves used to make stew.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 13"
10318,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,56,Soup,"Leaves, onions, wild celery and tallow or meat used to make stew.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10319,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,19,c35,24,1,Food,56,Soup,"Plant made into stew with wild onions, wild celery, tallow or bits of meat.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10320,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,141,h56,149,1,Food,86,Spice,Used as a seasoning.,"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 149"
10321,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,,,Pods used for food.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10322,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,19,c35,24,1,Food,,,"Young plants boiled, pressed, rolled into balls and eaten.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10323,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves boiled like spinach.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10324,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young plants boiled and rolled into balls and eaten.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10325,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,19,c35,24,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young plants boiled with a pinch of salt and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10326,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young shoots boiled, rolled into small balls and eaten fresh with or without mutton.","Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
10327,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,119,steg41,223,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young shoots eaten as greens.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223"
10328,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,157,Navajo,74,e44,50,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Young plants boiled, rolled into balls, dried and stored for the winter.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 50"
10329,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,29,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of seeds used ceremonially to give 'good blood.',"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 29"
10330,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,29,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Decoction of seeds used ceremonially to improve voice and give 'good blood.',"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 29"
10331,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,29,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Cold infusion of leaves used as a body and shoe deodorant.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 29"
10332,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,29,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of seeds used ceremonially to improve voice.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 29"
10333,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,29,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Young plants boiled twice and dried in small balls for later use.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 29"
10334,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,29,1,Food,50,Fodder,Young plants used for sheep and horse feed.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 29"
10335,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,159,"Navajo, Ramah",18,v52,29,1,Food,,,Young plants boiled twice and meat added or plants removed and fried.,"Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 29"
10336,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,178,Oregon Indian,111,m90,40,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of whole plant taken for fever.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 40"
10337,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,207,Pueblo,19,c35,24,1,Food,75,Staple,Used as one of the most important food plants.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10338,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,222,San Felipe,19,c35,24,1,Food,,,Flower buds salted and eaten as food.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10339,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
10340,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves cooked as greens.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
10341,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,"58, 59",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of plant taken for stomach disorders and poultice of plant used on abdomen.,"Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 58, 59"
10342,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,58,1,Food,,,"Young plants boiled, dried, soaked in hot water, fried in grease and used for food.","Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 58"
10343,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,257,Tewa,19,c35,24,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Plants boiled and eaten like spinach. This plant was so important economically that it was listed in songs with corn, pumpkins and cotton, the three main cultivated plants.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10344,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,257,Tewa,61,rhf16,58,3,Other,26,Paint,"Young plants boiled, dried, soaked in hot water and used as black paint for pottery decorations.","Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 58"
10345,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,291,Zuni,6,s15,69,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Leaves gathered in large quantities and hung indoors to dry for winter use.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 69"
10346,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,291,Zuni,6,s15,69,1,Food,,,"Tender leaves usually boiled with corn, on or off the cob, and highly seasoned with chile.","Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 69"
10347,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,291,Zuni,19,c35,24,1,Food,,,Young plants cooked with corn strongly flavored with chile.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 24"
10348,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,291,Zuni,6,s15,96,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plant paste used with black mineral paint to color sticks of plume offerings to anthropic gods. The plant was boiled for a long time and the concoction allowed to evaporate.  The precipitated paste was then used with black mineral paint to color sticks of plume offerings to anthropic gods.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 96"
10349,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,291,Zuni,6,s15,82,3,Other,38,Decorations,Whole plant except for the root used in pottery decorations. The whole plant except for the root was boiled for a considerable amount of time and the water was allowed to evaporate.  The firm paste secured from precipitation was used in conjunction with a black mineral paint for decorating pottery.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 82"
10350,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,291,Zuni,6,s15,96,3,Other,26,Paint,Plant paste used with black mineral paint to color sticks of plume offerings to anthropic gods. The plant was boiled for a long time and the concoction allowed to evaporate.  The precipitated paste was then used with black mineral paint to color sticks of plume offerings to anthropic gods.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 96"