id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
171,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark taken for bad coughs.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
172,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Bark dried, powdered and rubbed on the neck and under the arms as a deodorant.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
173,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Needles dried, powdered, mixed with marrow and used to scent the hair and keep from going bald.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
174,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,237,Dietary Aid,Pitch taken for a loss of appetite.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
175,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of bark taken for 'bad stomachs' with loss of appetite and loss of weight.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
176,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Pitch taken for ulcers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
177,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,177,Gland Medicine,Pitch mixed with deer marrow and applied externally each evening for goiter.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
178,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,18,Other,Branch tips chewed for allergies caused by water hemlock.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
179,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,Pitch taken for a general feeling of weakness.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
180,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Pitch taken for consumption.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
181,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Boughs used as a bedding base in the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
282,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark taken for bad coughs.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
283,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Bark dried, powdered and rubbed on the neck and under the arms as a deodorant.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
284,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Needles dried, powdered, mixed with marrow and used to scent the hair and keep from going bald.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
285,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,335,Dietary Aid,Pitch taken for a loss of appetite.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
286,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of bark taken for 'bad stomachs' with loss of appetite and loss of weight.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
287,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Pitch taken for ulcers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
288,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,177,Gland Medicine,Pitch mixed with deer marrow and applied externally each evening for goiter.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
289,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,18,Other,Branch tips chewed for allergies caused by water hemlock.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
290,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,Pitch taken for a general feeling of weakness.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
291,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Pitch taken for consumption.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
292,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,23,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Boughs used as a bedding base in the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 23"
445,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,Branch tied in a knot and placed over the bear's tracks while hunting to stop the wounded bear.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
446,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used to make the frame of a woman's sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
447,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Wood used to make snowshoes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
448,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make screens for smoke drying racks.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
449,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make tongs for removing food from boiling water.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
450,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Wood used to make teepee pegs.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
451,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for fuel.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
452,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Wood used to make drum hoops.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
453,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make spear handles.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
454,23,Acer glabrum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make a child's first bow.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
908,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of roots taken for headaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
909,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of roots taken for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
910,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of whole plant used as a bath for arthritic or rheumatic pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
911,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Decoction or roots and scarlet gilia leaves taken as a physic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
912,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
913,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves and stems mixed with white clematis and witch's broom branches to make a shampoo.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
914,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of roots taken for stomachaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
915,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Decoction or roots and scarlet gilia leaves taken as a laxative.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
916,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Roots mashed and applied to the tooth for toothaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
917,38,Achillea millefolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Leaves and stems used in a smudge to keep mosquitoes away.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
1158,49,Aconitum columbianum Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered highly poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
1159,49,Aconitum columbianum Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Used for witchcraft.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
1718,88,Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken as a cold medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
1719,88,Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Leaves placed in babies' blankets for fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
1720,88,Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Leaves placed in babies' blankets for fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
1907,106,Agoseris glauca var. dasycephala (Torr. & Gray) Jepson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of entire plant used to wash sores and rashes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
1908,106,Agoseris glauca var. dasycephala (Torr. & Gray) Jepson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of latex applied to sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
1909,106,Agoseris glauca var. dasycephala (Torr. & Gray) Jepson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of roots taken as a laxative.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
1910,106,Agoseris glauca var. dasycephala (Torr. & Gray) Jepson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,1,Food,85,Candy,Latex dried and used as chewing gum.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
2151,141,Allium cernuum Roth,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,38,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Bulbs dried and stored for winter use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
2152,141,Allium cernuum Roth,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,38,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Bulbs pit cooked and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
2179,144,Allium douglasii Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,38,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
2180,144,Allium douglasii Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,38,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
2192,147,Allium geyeri S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,38,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
2193,147,Allium geyeri S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,38,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
2447,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,2,Drug,233,Dietary Aid,Infusion of plant tops given to children with poor appetites.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
2448,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of plant tops and leaves taken after childbirth to 'clean out.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
2449,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of plant tops given to children with poor appetites.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
2450,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Burnt ashes used to clean the teeth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
2451,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,Bark and wood used to make red and brown dyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
2656,176,Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,2,Drug,183,Dietary Aid,Infusion of plant tops given to children with poor appetites.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
2657,176,Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of plant tops and leaves taken after childbirth to 'clean out.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
2658,176,Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of plant tops given to children with poor appetites.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
2659,176,Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Burnt ashes used to clean the teeth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
2660,176,Alnus viridis ssp. crispa (Ait.) Turrill,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,87,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,Bark and wood used to make red and brown dyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87"
3003,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of branches taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3004,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Decoction of branch ashes and pine branch or bud ashes taken to prevent having children.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3005,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of branches taken as a general tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3006,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Young branches twisted into rope.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3007,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3008,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,1,Food,66,Frozen Food,Berries frozen for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3009,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries eaten fresh, with sugar or cooked.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3010,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,Berries used to make pies and puddings.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3011,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Dried berries used to sweeten 'Indian ice cream.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3012,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries canned for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3013,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make arrows and spears.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3014,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make digging sticks and seed beaters.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
3272,236,Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Cooled infusion of roots and shoots taken as a laxative and emetic for a 'poison stomach.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
3273,236,Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,"Leaves, stems and flowers placed in baby cradles, pillows or stored clothes for the good smell.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
3622,279,Antennaria rosea Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Roots dried, powdered, put into hot coals at winter dance & smoke used to drive away bad spirits.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
3623,279,Antennaria rosea Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Roots dried, powdered, put into hot coals at winter dance & smoke used to revive passed out dancers.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
3624,279,Antennaria rosea Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,142,Reproductive Aid,Leaves chewed and swallowed to increase male virility.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
3764,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,72,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Leaves chewed and the juice and pulp swallowed or dried leaves smoked as an aphrodisiac.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"
3765,296,Apocynum androsaemifolium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,72,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,"Stems used to make fiber, as a substitute for Indian hemp.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"
3843,297,Apocynum cannabinum L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,72,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Decoction of roots taken during monthly periods to become permanently sterile.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"
3844,297,Apocynum cannabinum L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,72,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Stems twisted and rolled into twine.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 72"
3921,303,Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Flower used as a good luck charm.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
3984,314,Arabis sparsiflora Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,91,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Roots chewed and juice swallowed for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91"
3985,314,Arabis sparsiflora Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,91,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Plant used for birth control.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91"
3986,314,Arabis sparsiflora Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,91,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of whole plant used as an eyewash for sore eyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91"
3987,314,Arabis sparsiflora Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,91,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Roots chewed and juice swallowed for heartburn.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91"
4621,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Decoction of leaves and stems taken for spitting of blood.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
4622,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of leaves and stems taken as a blood tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
4623,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of leaves and stems used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
4624,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Decoction of leaves and stems taken as a tonic for the kidneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
4625,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Decoction of leaves and stems taken as a tonic for the bladder.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
4626,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
4627,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Leaves toasted and used as a tobacco.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
4652,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,226,Sanpoil and Nespelem,32,tbk80,101,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and stored for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
4929,379,Arnica cordifolia Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,"Roots used as a love medicine. Roots were mixed with a robin's heart and tongue and with ochre paint.  The mixture was dried and powdered.  The user went into the water and faced east, recited certain words, mentioned the name of the person he desired and marked his face with the powdered arnica mixture.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4934,380,Arnica latifolia Bong.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Roots used as a love medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4941,382,Artemisia absinthium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction or infusion of twigs taken for head colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4942,382,Artemisia absinthium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poultice of pounded leaves applied for chest colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4943,382,Artemisia absinthium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of split roots taken for stomach ailments.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4944,382,Artemisia absinthium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Plant used as a sanitary napkin to 'heal the mother's insides' after a baby's birth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4945,382,Artemisia absinthium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Poultice of pounded leaves applied for flu.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4946,382,Artemisia absinthium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,"Poultice of mashed, boiled plant applied or decoction of plant used as a wash for broken limbs.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4947,382,Artemisia absinthium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction or infusion of twigs taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4948,382,Artemisia absinthium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction or infusion of twigs taken for venereal disease.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
4949,382,Artemisia absinthium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,75,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Branches used under mattresses as a repellent for bedbugs and other insect pests.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 75"
5139,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of mashed, dampened leaves applied to the forehead for headaches.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5140,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Leaves used in a steambath for rheumatic or arthritic pain.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5141,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves used in diapers or used as a diaper for diaper rash and skin rawness.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5142,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Leaves used as sanitary napkins.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5143,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Leaves used in diapers or used as a diaper for diaper rash and skin rawness.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5144,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of roots and yarrow roots taken as a general tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5145,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Leaves used in a baby's board or cradle as padding and kept the baby cool on hot days.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5146,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Branches with leaves used as spreaders for drying salmon and to separate stored layers of salmon.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5147,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Branches burned as a smudge to drive away mosquitoes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5148,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Branches with leaves used as an insect repellent & stopped flies from laying eggs in stored salmon.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5285,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves and branches taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5286,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,76,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of leaves and branches taken for flu.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5408,399,Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,2,Drug,119,Carminative,Infusion of plant taken and splashed on the body during sweatbathing to 'clear his wind.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5409,399,Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,"Infusion of plant taken and splashed on body during sweatbathing by hunters, to walk long distances.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5681,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of leaves and branches taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5682,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5683,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of leaves and branches taken to cause sweating during a cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5684,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Decoction of leaves and branches taken for tonsillitis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5685,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of leaves and branches taken for sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5686,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of roots taken for sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5687,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used as tinder and for making friction fires.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5688,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used as fuel.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5689,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,78,3,Other,144,Hide Preparation,Wood used for smoking hides during the tanning process.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78"
5820,408,Artemisia tripartita Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of leaves and branches taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
5821,408,Artemisia tripartita Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
5822,408,Artemisia tripartita Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of leaves and branches taken to cause sweating during a cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
5823,408,Artemisia tripartita Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Decoction of leaves and branches taken for tonsillitis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
5824,408,Artemisia tripartita Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of leaves and branches taken for sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
5825,408,Artemisia tripartita Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of roots taken for sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
5826,408,Artemisia tripartita Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used as tinder and for making friction fires.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
5827,408,Artemisia tripartita Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used as fuel.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
5828,408,Artemisia tripartita Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,3,Other,144,Hide Preparation,Wood used for smoking hides during the tanning process.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
6046,422,Asarum caudatum Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
6047,422,Asarum caudatum Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of roots taken as a laxative.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
6229,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of mashed roots applied for rheumatism.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
6230,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Latex rubbed on skin sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
6231,442,Asclepias speciosa Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,74,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Stems used as a poor substitute for Indian hemp.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
6420,458,Aster foliaceus Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,80,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Decoction of whole plant used as wash for sores on a horse's back.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6516,484,Astragalus miser Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
6517,484,Astragalus miser Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Blooming plant indicated that the lodgepole pine cambium was ready to harvest.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
6518,484,Astragalus miser Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Blooms indicated that pine cambium was ready to eat.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
6519,484,Astragalus miser Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,3,Other,17,Tools,Plant used to wipe the juice from the lodgepole pine bark before the cambium was scraped off.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
6520,484,Astragalus miser Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to wipe off the turpentine like juice from the inside of stripped pine bark.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
6581,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,3,Other,168,Water Indicator,Ferns considered to be a sign of water when travelling through the mountains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
6838,546,Balsamorhiza hookeri (Hook.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,80,1,Food,,,Roots pit cooked and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6897,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,80,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,"Poultice of dried, powdered leaves applied to severe skin burns.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6898,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,80,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Leaves placed on glowing coals and laid on to cause profuse sweating.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6899,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,80,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Seeds oven dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6900,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,80,1,Food,,,Flower bud stems peeled and succulent inner portion eaten raw or boiled.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6901,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,80,1,Food,,,"Powdered seeds eaten alone or mixed with deer grease, pine nuts, saskatoon berries or fir sugar.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6902,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,80,1,Food,,,Young shoots eaten raw or baked in the ground or oven.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6903,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,80,3,Other,17,Tools,Leaves wrapped around young boy's feet to practice walking silently and carefully in the woods.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6928,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,225,Sanpoil,32,tbk80,80,1,Food,47,Special Food,Shoots mixed with chocolate tips and used in the 'first roots' ceremony.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
6929,549,Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt.,225,Sanpoil,32,tbk80,80,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used under cleaned and washed salmon.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 80"
7032,563,Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,53,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Used for bedding and pillows.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53"
7135,579,Betula occidentalis Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,89,5,Dye,150,Brown,Inner bark used to make a brown dye.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89"
7136,579,Betula occidentalis Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,89,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used to make baskets.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89"
7137,579,Betula occidentalis Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,89,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Bark used to make canoes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89"
7138,579,Betula occidentalis Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,89,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Bark used to make cradles.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89"
7139,579,Betula occidentalis Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,89,3,Other,37,Fuel,Used for fuel.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89"
7261,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,89,5,Dye,150,Brown,Inner bark used to make a brown dye.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89"
7262,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,89,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used to make baskets.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89"
7263,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,89,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Bark used to make canoes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89"
7264,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,89,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Bark used to make cradles.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 89"
7516,619,Brassica oleracea L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Heads used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
7522,620,Brassica rapa L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Roots used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
7630,658,Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,53,4,Fiber,94,Caulking Material,Leaves mixed with mud and used to chink log cabins and as mortar in making chimneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53"
7631,658,Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,53,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,"Leaves dried, softened and used as insoles in moccasins.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53"
7632,658,Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,53,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used at the bottom of berry baskets & in a layer over the berries to keep the berries clean.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53"
7633,658,Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,53,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used over and under food in pit cooking.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53"
7634,658,Calamagrostis rubescens Buckl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,53,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves tied to a stick and used as a beater for whipping soapberries.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53"
7734,676,Calochortus macrocarpus Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,41,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed bulbs applied to the skin for poison ivy.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
7735,676,Calochortus macrocarpus Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,41,1,Food,,,Bulbs eaten raw or pit cooked with other roots.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
7875,700,Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,41,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Bulbs pit cooked, dried and stored for future use.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
7876,700,Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,41,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Bulbs pit cooked, dried, ground and mixed with water and butter to make a 'gravy.'","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
7877,700,Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,41,1,Food,,,"Bulbs pit cooked, boiled with dried bitter roots and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
8065,739,Carex concinnoides Mackenzie,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,36,3,Other,32,Containers,Used for pit cooking and various household purposes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 36"
8466,786,Castilleja hispida Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant pounded up and put into moccasins for 'sweaty feet.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
8541,798,Castilleja thompsonii Pennell,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Plant tops dried, powdered and placed on open cuts to draw out the germs.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
8670,816,Ceanothus sanguineus Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,119,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,"Poultice of dried, powdered bark applied to burns.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"
8671,816,Ceanothus sanguineus Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,119,1,Food,5,Forage,Buds and branches considered an important food for deer.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"
8672,816,Ceanothus sanguineus Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,119,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for fuel.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"
8673,816,Ceanothus sanguineus Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,119,3,Other,282,Preservative,Wood used to smoke deer meat.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"
8692,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Decoction of plant tops with leaves used as a cleansing solution in the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8693,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant tops with leaves used as a hair wash for dandruff.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8694,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant tops with leaves used to 'condition' adult skin.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8695,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant tops with leaves used to bathe babies to prevent diaper rash.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8696,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of branches used to wash sores and eczema.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8697,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of dried, powdered leaves applied or mixed with pitch and used as a salve for sores.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8698,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of dried, powdered leaves used as a 'baby powder.'","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8699,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Infusion of leaves taken for broken bones.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8700,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of plant tops with leaves used to bathe babies to prevent diaper rash.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8701,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,"Poultice of dried, powdered leaves used as a 'baby powder.'","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
8702,819,Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,1,Food,5,Forage,Bush eaten by deer.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
9021,849,Chaenactis douglasii var. douglasii,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,82,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of roots used as an eyewash.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 82"
9302,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,110,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant eaten by horses and deer.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"
9644,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of whole plant taken as a blood purifier.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
9645,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of roots and leaves taken as a blood purifier.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
9646,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots and leaves taken for long lasting colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
9647,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,341,Dietary Aid,Decoction of whole plant taken as an appetizer.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
9648,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of roots and leaves taken to 'clean out' the kidneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
9649,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,101,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of roots and leaves taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 101"
9850,941,Cicuta douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,60,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered a very bad poison.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60"
9851,941,Cicuta douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,60,3,Other,98,Weapon,Roots powdered and used as an arrow poison during warfare.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60"
10085,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,98,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98"
10131,1001,Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,113,1,Food,,,Corms used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 113"
10132,1001,Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,113,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Corms stored for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 113"
10195,1015,Clematis columbiana (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves alone or the stems and leaves used as a hair wash to prevent gray hair.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
10196,1015,Clematis columbiana (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of pounded, dampened leaves applied to the feet for sweaty feet.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
10235,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Stalk and roots used to make a women's contraceptive.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
10236,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of mashed leaves & branches rubbed into the scalp as a shampoo to kill hair root 'germs.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
10237,1019,Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Stem smoked by children.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
10469,1047,Collomia grandiflora Dougl. ex Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of roots taken for high fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
10470,1047,Collomia grandiflora Dougl. ex Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of leaves and stalks taken for constipation and to 'clean out your system.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
10471,1047,Collomia grandiflora Dougl. ex Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of roots taken as a laxative.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
10486,1050,Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Flowers sucked by children for the sweet nectar.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
10592,1067,Convolvulus arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Stems used as a 'pack rope' for carrying birds and marmots home after hunting.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11089,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of inner bark and chokecherry bark or alder bark taken to clear the blood.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11090,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of inner bark and chokecherry bark or alder bark taken to help circulation.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11091,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of inner bark and chokecherry or alder bark taken for the blood after childbirth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11092,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Inner bark dried, mixed with kinnikinnick or tobacco and smoked for colds.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11093,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poultice of inner bark alone or mixed with goose oil applied to babies for a chest cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11094,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Decoction of inner bark and other bark taken after childbirth to prevent frequent pregnancies.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11095,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Berries rubbed into the scalp to prevent graying hair.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11096,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of inner bark and chokecherry bark or alder bark taken for sores and rashes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11097,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of sticks taken for poison ivy rashes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11098,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Decoction of wood & bark used to wash skin, hair & scalp for dandruff, falling hair & itchy scalp.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11099,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Decoction of wood, bark, cow parsnip roots and chokecherry wood and bark used for sores and scabs.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11100,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of sticks taken in the sweathouse to cause vomiting for an upset stomach condition.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11101,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of inner bark and chokecherry or alder bark taken to clean out the womb after childbirth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11102,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Poultice of inner bark applied to the back and belly to 'heal a woman's insides' after childbirth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11103,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,104,Heart Medicine,Infusion of inner cambium taken for 'heart conditions.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11104,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,18,Other,Decoction of inner bark and chokecherry bark or alder bark taken to heal the body.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11105,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction of inner bark and chokecherry bark or alder bark taken for any kind of sickness.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11106,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Poultice of inner bark alone or mixed with goose oil applied to babies for a chest cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11107,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,2,Drug,,,Decoction of bark or entire branch used as a medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11108,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Large limbs used as frame poles.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11109,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,"Bark twisted into rope and used to lash fish traps, raised caches and other structures.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11110,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by black bears.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11111,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Berries pounded, mixed with chokecherries or saskatoon berries or boiled and eaten alone.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11112,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Branches used to make spatulas.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11113,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Branches used to make fish traps.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11114,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,3,Other,292,Preservative,Old branches used in smoking hides.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11115,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,96,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,"Inner bark dried, mixed with kinnikinnick or tobacco and smoked.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 96"
11250,1111,Corylus cornuta Marsh.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,90,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Nuts used as a trading item.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 90"
11356,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,124,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of shoots given to children for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
11357,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,124,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),"Thorn used to pierce areas affected by arthritic pain. The upper end of the thorn was ignited and burned down to the point buried into the skin.  This treatment was very painful, but after a scab had formed and disappeared, the arthritic pain also disappeared.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
11358,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,124,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Infusion of new shoots used to wash a baby's mouth for mouth sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
11359,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,124,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of new shoots used to wash a baby's mouth for mouth sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
11360,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,124,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of shoots given to children for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
11361,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,124,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wooden withes used to repair barbed wire fences.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
11362,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,124,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed and dried into thin, hard cakes. Sometimes the cakes were decorated.  The dried cakes were eaten as a snack on winter evenings and were used as crackers to dip into deer marrow soup to soak up the fat.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
11363,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,124,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by bears and other animals.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
11364,1123,Crataegus douglasii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,124,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Ripened berries indicated that the mountain huckleberries in Sanpoil areas were beginning to ripen.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
11395,1124,Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,123,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed and formed into cakes, dried and eaten like cookies.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 123"
11396,1124,Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,123,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 123"
11458,1135,Crepis atribarba Heller,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,83,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Infusion of pounded green tops used in a foot bath for a 'sweaty feet' condition.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 83"
11566,1157,Cucumis melo L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,98,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98"
11731,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,98,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98"
11928,1207,Cypripedium montanum Dougl. ex Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,52,2,Drug,142,Reproductive Aid,Infusion of leaves and stalks taken by a pregnant woman to have a small baby.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 52"
12299,1254,Delphinium nuttallianum Pritz ex Walp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,119,5,Dye,55,Blue,Flowers used to make a blue stain for coloring arrows and other items.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"
12647,1323,Dodecatheon pulchellum ssp. pulchellum,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of roots used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
12648,1323,Dodecatheon pulchellum ssp. pulchellum,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,117,5,Dye,136,Red,Flowers mashed and smeared on arrows to color them pink.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
12979,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Inner bark twisted to make clothing.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
12980,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Inner bark twisted to make ropes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
12981,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Inner bark twisted to make blankets.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
12982,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
12983,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to imbricate clematis bags.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
12984,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,3,Other,32,Containers,Inner bark twisted to make sacks.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
12985,1374,Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Inner bark twisted to make soapberry beaters.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
13019,1378,Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,36,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Used as bedding, for pillows and for sitting on in the sweathouse.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 36"
13053,1389,Elymus repens (L.) Gould,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,52,3,Other,32,Containers,Used under and over the food in pit cooking.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 52"
13247,1411,Epilobium brachycarpum K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plant tops applied to the hair as a conditioner for dandruff and hair manageability.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
13270,1416,Epilobium minutum Lindl. ex Lehm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of roots and stems given to children for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
13271,1416,Epilobium minutum Lindl. ex Lehm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of roots and stems given to children for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
13314,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of stems taken for lumbago.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13315,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Plant pounded, mixed with water and used to wash areas of the body affected by poison ivy.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13316,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of stems taken as a diuretic to stimulate the kidneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13317,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Infusion of stems taken for backaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13318,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Infusion of stems taken for sluggishness due to a cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13319,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of plant and false box taken or used as a bath for syphilis and gonorrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13320,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,"Given to thin, old horses with diarrhea after eating fresh grass in spring.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13321,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Stems used as sandpaper to polish bone tools and soapstone pipes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13322,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Used to polish fingernails.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13323,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used in winter for fodder during hay shortage.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13324,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,3,Other,32,Containers,Hollow stems used to administer medicines to babies.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13382,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of stems taken for lumbago.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13383,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of stems used as a wash on children for skin sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13384,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Plant pounded, mixed with water and used to wash areas of the body affected by poison ivy.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13385,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of stems taken as a diuretic to stimulate the kidneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13386,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Stem fluid used as an eyewash.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13387,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Infusion of stems taken for backaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13388,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of stems used as a wash on children for skin sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13389,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Infusion of stems taken for sluggishness due to a cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13390,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of plant and false box taken or used as a bath for syphilis and gonorrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13391,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,"Given to thin, old horses with diarrhea after eating fresh grass in spring.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13392,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Stems used as sandpaper to polish bone tools and soapstone pipes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13393,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Used to polish fingernails.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13394,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used in winter for fodder during hay shortage.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13395,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,3,Other,32,Containers,Hollow stems used to administer medicines to babies.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13406,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,226,Sanpoil and Nespelem,32,tbk80,17,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used to imbricate woven bags and baskets.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13439,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of stems taken for lumbago.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13440,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of plant and chokecherry twigs given to children for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13441,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Plant pounded, mixed with water and used to wash areas of the body affected by poison ivy.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13442,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of stems taken as a diuretic to stimulate the kidneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13443,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Infusion of stems taken for backaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13444,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of plant and chokecherry twigs given to children for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13445,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Infusion of stems taken for sluggishness due to a cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13446,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of plant and false box taken or used as a bath for syphilis and gonorrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13447,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,"Given to thin, old horses with diarrhea after eating fresh grass in spring.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13448,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Stems used as sandpaper to polish bone tools and soapstone pipes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13449,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Used to polish fingernails.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13450,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used in winter for fodder during hay shortage.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13451,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,1,Food,,,Heads used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13452,1424,Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,17,3,Other,32,Containers,Hollow stems used to administer medicines to babies.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 17"
13665,1454,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,83,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,"Leaves used as a sanitary napkin particularly after childbirth, to 'heal the insides.'","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 83"
13666,1454,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,83,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Leaves used as a sanitary napkin.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 83"
13760,1477,Erigeron linearis (Hook.) Piper,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,83,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of whole plant taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 83"
13796,1480,Erigeron philadelphicus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,83,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves and blossoms taken for headaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 83"
13812,1482,Erigeron pumilus Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of roots used to wash the eyes as an 'eye tonic.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
13981,1500,Eriogonum compositum Dougl. ex Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of roots and stems taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
13982,1500,Eriogonum compositum Dougl. ex Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of roots and stems used to wash infected cuts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
13983,1500,Eriogonum compositum Dougl. ex Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed leaves applied to cuts or infusion of leaves used as a wash for cuts and sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
13984,1500,Eriogonum compositum Dougl. ex Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Stems used by children to play a game. Children played a game with the stems of these plants.  They broke off the main stem, leaving one side branch attached to make a 'hook.'  Each child took one of these.  They hooked them together and pulled.  The first one to break his or her stick lost the game.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
14019,1510,Eriogonum heracleoides Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of roots and stems taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
14020,1510,Eriogonum heracleoides Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of roots and stems used to wash infected cuts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
14021,1510,Eriogonum heracleoides Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed leaves applied to cuts or infusion of leaves used as a wash for cuts and sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
14022,1510,Eriogonum heracleoides Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Stems used by children to play a game. Children played a game with the stems of these plants.  They broke off the main stem, leaving one side branch attached to make a 'hook.'  Each child took one of these.  They hooked them together and pulled.  The first one to break his or her stick lost the game.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
14086,1519,Eriogonum niveum Dougl. ex Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of roots and stems taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
14087,1519,Eriogonum niveum Dougl. ex Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of roots and stems used to wash infected cuts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
14088,1519,Eriogonum niveum Dougl. ex Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed leaves applied to cuts or infusion of leaves used as a wash for cuts and sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
14089,1519,Eriogonum niveum Dougl. ex Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Stems used by children to play a game. Children played a game with the stems of these plants.  They broke off the main stem, leaving one side branch attached to make a 'hook.'  Each child took one of these.  They hooked them together and pulled.  The first one to break his or her stick lost the game.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
14314,1554,Erysimum capitatum var. capitatum,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of pounded, whole plant applied to open, fresh wounds.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
14344,1561,Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,45,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Corms used for bad colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 45"
14345,1561,Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,45,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Corms dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 45"
14346,1561,Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,45,1,Food,,,Corms eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 45"
14620,1593,Eurybia conspicua (Lindl.) Nesom,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to boils.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
14621,1593,Eurybia conspicua (Lindl.) Nesom,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Roots soaked in hot or cold water and used as a wash for sores, boils, wounds and infections.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
14622,1593,Eurybia conspicua (Lindl.) Nesom,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,74,Hemorrhoid Remedy,Poultice of leaves applied to hemorrhoids.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
14623,1593,Eurybia conspicua (Lindl.) Nesom,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,74,Hemorrhoid Remedy,Roots soaked in hot or cold water and used as a wash for hemorrhoids.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
14624,1593,Eurybia conspicua (Lindl.) Nesom,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Roots applied to the tooth for toothaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
14625,1593,Eurybia conspicua (Lindl.) Nesom,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,,,Roots soaked in hot or cold water and taken for gonorrhea and other ailments.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
14626,1593,Eurybia conspicua (Lindl.) Nesom,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Roots soaked in hot or cold water and taken for gonorrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
14627,1593,Eurybia conspicua (Lindl.) Nesom,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Roots used for cuts with maggots on horses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
14893,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaf powder and deer fat applied to sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
14894,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Leaf powder applied to any open sore as a disinfectant.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
14895,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Leaf powder dusted into baby's sore mouth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
14896,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Leaf powder dusted into baby's sore mouth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
14897,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
14898,1636,Fragaria vesca L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries canned for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
15008,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaf powder and deer fat applied to sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
15009,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Leaf powder applied to any open sore as a disinfectant.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
15010,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Leaf powder dusted into baby's sore mouth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
15011,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Leaf powder dusted into baby's sore mouth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
15012,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
15013,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,125,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries canned for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 125"
15113,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of bark taken for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
15114,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of bark taken as a blood purifier.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
15115,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,120,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of bark taken as a mild laxative.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 120"
15155,1652,Frasera montana Mulford,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,106,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106"
15376,1669,Fritillaria pudica (Pursh) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,46,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Bulbs pit cooked, dried and stored for future use.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 46"
15377,1669,Fritillaria pudica (Pursh) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,46,1,Food,,,Small bulbs eaten raw.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 46"
15378,1669,Fritillaria pudica (Pursh) Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,46,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Flowers used as a sign that spring had arrived.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 46"
15420,1675,Gaillardia aristata Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Flowers used to 'paint' the body for pain.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
15421,1675,Gaillardia aristata Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Decoction of plant taken for kidney problems.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
15422,1675,Gaillardia aristata Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of mashed plant applied for backaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
15423,1675,Gaillardia aristata Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion or decoction of whole plant used as a bath for venereal disease.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
15853,1730,Geranium viscosissimum Fisch. & C.A. Mey. ex C.A. Mey.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,106,2,Drug,,,"Poultice of pounded, heated roots applied medicinally.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106"
15901,1735,Geum macrophyllum Willd.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of roots taken by women after childbirth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
15937,1738,Geum triflorum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
15938,1738,Geum triflorum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,318,Dietary Aid,Infusion of roots taken for the lack of appetite due to 'poor blood.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
15939,1738,Geum triflorum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of roots taken for fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
15940,1738,Geum triflorum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of roots taken by women to 'heal her insides' from a vaginal yeast infection.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
15941,1738,Geum triflorum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Infusion of roots taken as a love potion by a woman who wanted to win back the affections of a man.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
15942,1738,Geum triflorum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for flu.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
16089,1763,Goodyera oblongifolia Raf.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,52,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of softened leaves applied to cuts and sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 52"
16090,1763,Goodyera oblongifolia Raf.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,52,2,Drug,142,Reproductive Aid,Leaves split open and blown on several times by women wishing to become pregnant.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 52"
16366,1790,Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,3,Other,168,Water Indicator,Ferns considered to be a sign of water when travelling through the mountains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
16882,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,62,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of branches used as a hair tonic to prevent grey hair and dandruff.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62"
16883,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,62,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Decoction of roots, red willow and chokecherry branches used as a cleansing medicine for the scalp.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62"
16884,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,62,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,"Heated poultice of sliced, pounded roots applied to sore backs.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62"
16885,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,62,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Flower stalks and leaf stems peeled and eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 62"
16971,1856,Hesperostipa comata ssp. comata,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Seeds thrown like darts by playing children.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
17054,1868,Heuchera cylindrica Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of roots and Oregon grape roots used as a tonic for the 'changing of the blood.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
17055,1868,Heuchera cylindrica Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of roots used to wash sores and cuts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
17056,1868,Heuchera cylindrica Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of mashed, peeled roots applied to sores and cuts.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
17057,1868,Heuchera cylindrica Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Roots mixed with puffball spores and used as a salve for diaper rash.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
17058,1868,Heuchera cylindrica Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,"Decoction of roots used, especially for children & babies, to rinse out the mouth for sore throats.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
17059,1868,Heuchera cylindrica Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Roots mixed with puffball spores and used as a salve for diaper rash.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
17060,1868,Heuchera cylindrica Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,"Decoction of roots used, especially for children & babies, to rinse out the mouth for sore throats.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
17061,1868,Heuchera cylindrica Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,138,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Fresh root held in the mouth and sucked for sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138"
17170,1887,Hieracium cynoglossoides Arv.-Touv.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of leaves and roots taken as a general tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
17175,1891,Hieracium scouleri Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of leaves and roots taken as a general tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
17263,1896,Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,3,Other,53,Incense & Fragrance,Blades braided together and packed amongst clothes to give them a nice smell.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
17338,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,"Bark dried, powdered, mixed with Vaseline and used on burns.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
17339,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make baby cradle covers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
17340,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Wood used to make teepee pins.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
17341,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Wood used to make arrows, fishing spear heads and bows.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
17342,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Wood used to make drum hoops.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
17343,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make digging sticks.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
17344,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make gambling game sticks.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
17925,1996,Ipomopsis aggregata ssp. aggregata,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of roots taken for high fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
17926,1996,Ipomopsis aggregata ssp. aggregata,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of leaves and stalks taken for constipation and to 'clean out your system.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
17927,1996,Ipomopsis aggregata ssp. aggregata,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of roots taken as a laxative.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
18364,2042,Juncus effusus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,38,1,Food,50,Fodder,Plant used to feed horses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
18380,2046,Juncus mertensianus Bong.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,38,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Plant used for 'witchcraft' or 'plhax.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
18497,2054,Juniperus communis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of bark and needles taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
18498,2054,Juniperus communis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of bark and needles taken as a tonic before entering the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
18499,2054,Juniperus communis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark and needles taken for consumption.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
18500,2054,Juniperus communis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used in the sweathouse during the winter.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
18501,2054,Juniperus communis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,3,Other,58,Protection,Decoction of branches used as a wash for the body to protect a person from evil influences.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
19004,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Decoction of branch tips and needles taken for internal hemorrhaging.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19005,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of mashed and dampened branches applied to arthritic joints.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19006,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed and dampened branches applied to skin sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19007,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of sap used for the flu and colds. Five strips of bark each about five centimeters by ten centimeters were boiled in about two liters of water in order to obtain the sap.  Only bark from the bottom part of the tree could be used.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19008,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,2,Drug,18,Other,Decoction of branch tips and needles considered a good emergency medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19009,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,2,Drug,13,Poison,Berries believed to be poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19010,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Berries made into a drink and taken in the sweathouse. This drink could only be taken with great caution, because the berries were believed to be poisonous.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19011,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Pounded branches, berries and water used to soak arrowheads and render them poisonous. Arrowheads, soaked overnight in a solution of pounded juniper branches (with berries) and water, were said to cause a deer's blood to coagulate when it was wounded so that it couldn't run far.  This 'poison' worked effectively, even if the deer were only nicked with the arrowhead.  It was said not to affect the edibility of the meat.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19012,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Tough wood used to make bows.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19013,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,3,Other,58,Protection,"Boughs considered an extremely powerful medicine for combating evil spirits associated with death. When a person died, his family used the boughs to fumigate the house.  All the doors and windows were closed and the boughs were burned and the smoke allowed to fill all the rooms.  This treatment was made even more effective by adding rose branches to the juniper.  After the smoke treatment, rose and juniper branches were boiled together and the water used to wash the entire house--lights, windows, floors, walls and ceilings.  This wash water was then taken outside and splashed all around the house and along the trails leading to the outbuildings to prevent the spirit of the dead person from coming back to the house.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19014,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,3,Other,164,Stable Gear,Tough wood used to make double yokes for horses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19015,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Tough wood made into a spoked wheel and used in a throwing game. The wheel was rolled along a trough and contestants threw spear-like sticks at it, trying to stop it by having their stick enter the center of the wheel, thus making it fall over.  Lesser points were made by getting the stick part way through the spokes, each of which gave a different value according to its color.  The winner had to get twenty points.  This game was played by men and was often accompanied by betting.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19016,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,3,Other,98,Weapon,"Pounded branches, berries and water used as a poison on bullets.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19017,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,19,3,Other,98,Weapon,"Pounded branches, berries and water used as a poison to kill people quickly in warfare.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 19"
19311,2077,Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) J.A. Schultes,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used as a good feed for cattle and horses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
19399,2088,Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella (Pursh) Breitung,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of roots and stems given to children for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
19400,2088,Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella (Pursh) Breitung,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of roots and stems given to children for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
19547,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of plant tops used to soak arthritic limbs.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19548,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Decoction of plant taken for severe arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19549,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of plant tops and Oregon grapes used as a blood purifier.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19550,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of plant tops taken to help 'changing of the blood.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19551,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Decoction of plant taken for cancer.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19552,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant tops used as an antiseptic wash for cuts and sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19553,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of plant tops used to soak severe skin sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19554,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,1,Food,85,Candy,Sap hardened and eaten like candy.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19555,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,1,Food,5,Forage,Buds eaten by blue grouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19556,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,3,Other,26,Paint,"Pitch heated, rubbed into a fine powder, mixed with grease and used as a red paint for girls' faces.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19557,2100,Larix occidentalis Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,25,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Leaf color changes used to indicate fall and pregnant bears going into their dens for the winter.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 25"
19836,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,102,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of leaves and twigs taken for the kidneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102"
19837,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,102,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves and twigs used to make tea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102"
19963,2147,Lesquerella douglasii S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,"Roots chewed, juice swallowed and pulp spat out for diarrhea.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
19964,2147,Lesquerella douglasii S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,"Roots chewed, juice swallowed and pulp spat out for 'heartburn.'","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
20033,2159,Lewisia rediviva Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,114,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of raw roots applied to sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114"
20034,2159,Lewisia rediviva Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,114,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Raw roots eaten for poison ivy rashes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114"
20035,2159,Lewisia rediviva Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,114,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Dried or fresh roots eaten for diabetes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114"
20036,2159,Lewisia rediviva Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,114,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,'Hearts' used in some type of witchcraft.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114"
20037,2159,Lewisia rediviva Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,114,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Roots peeled and dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114"
20038,2159,Lewisia rediviva Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,114,1,Food,,,Fresh or dried roots steamed or boiled and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114"
20039,2159,Lewisia rediviva Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,114,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Roots formerly an important article of trade.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 114"
20072,2160,Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Decoction of roots taken for internal hemorrhaging.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
20073,2160,Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of roots used as a wash to stimulate hair growth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
20074,2160,Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of mashed roots taken for gonorrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
20075,2160,Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Leaves used as bedding and horse feed.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
20076,2160,Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Leaves used to cover the floor of sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
20077,2160,Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,1,Food,50,Fodder,Leaves used as bedding and horse feed.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
20078,2160,Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used over and under the food in the cooking pits.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
20079,2160,Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Stems straightened, notched, fixed with wooden tips into arrows and used for hunting.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
20080,2160,Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. L”ve,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,55,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,"Stems straightened, notched, fixed with wooden tips into arrows and used in games.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55"
20213,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,64,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Roots burned and smoke used to revive a subdued person possessed by the 'bluejay spirit.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"
20214,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,64,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Roots burned and smoke used to revive singers from a trance, considered ceremonially dead.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"
20215,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,64,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Root tied in a cheesecloth and kept near a baby's face to prevent a cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"
20216,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,64,2,Drug,110,Internal Medicine,Roots used as a good general internal medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"
20217,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,64,2,Drug,18,Other,"Roots burned and smoke used for unconsciousness, trances or 'possession' by spirits.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"
20218,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,64,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Root tied in a cheesecloth and kept near a baby's face to prevent a cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"
20219,2177,Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,64,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Roots mixed with tobacco or rolled in cigarettes to give the smoke a pleasant menthol taste.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"
20266,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,46,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,"Bulbs dried, mashed with 'stink bugs,' powdered and used against 'plhax,' that is, witchcraft.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 46"
20267,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,46,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Bulbs dried into cakes and stored for winter use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 46"
20268,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,46,1,Food,86,Spice,Bulbs dried into cakes and used as seasoning in meat soups.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 46"
20269,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,46,1,Food,,,Bulbs eaten raw or boiled alone or with saskatoon berries.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 46"
20617,2219,Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,91,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Infusion of roots taken for internal hemorrhaging.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91"
20618,2219,Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,91,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Plant rubbed on fishing line for good luck.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91"
20619,2219,Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,91,3,Other,168,Water Indicator,Plant used as a charm to make it rain.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91"
20721,2230,Lomatium ambiguum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of flowers and upper leaves taken for colds and sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
20722,2230,Lomatium ambiguum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of flowers and upper leaves taken for sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
20723,2230,Lomatium ambiguum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Flowers and upper leaves dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
20724,2230,Lomatium ambiguum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,1,Food,86,Spice,"Dried flowers and upper leaves used to flavor meats, stews and salads.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
20725,2230,Lomatium ambiguum (Nutt.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,1,Food,112,Substitution Food,Flowers and upper leaves sometimes used as a substitute food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
20750,2233,Lomatium canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,64,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Roots dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"
20751,2233,Lomatium canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,64,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw or pit cooked and boiled.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 64"
20764,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,65,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Roots dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65"
20765,2234,Lomatium cous (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,65,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 65"
20773,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion or decoction of roots taken for arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20774,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Shoots used to 'change the blood' to adapt to the summer's heat.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20775,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of peeled, pounded roots applied to open cuts, sores, boils or bruises.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20776,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Roots soaked in cold water and used for dandruff.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20777,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,280,Dietary Aid,Infusion of roots taken to increase the appetite.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20778,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,"Poultice of peeled, pounded roots applied to sore backs.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20779,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,18,Other,Infusion or decoction of roots taken for some general illness.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20780,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,13,Poison,Mature tops and roots considered poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20781,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,13,Poison,Purple shoots considered poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20782,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,13,Poison,Strong infusion or decoction of roots considered poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20783,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion or decoction of roots taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20784,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Plant tops rubbed on cattle to kill lice.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20785,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Young shoots eaten raw as a relish, alone or with meat.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20786,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,66,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Roots pounded, steeped in water overnight and used to poison fish.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20801,2235,Lomatium dissectum (Nutt.) Mathias & Constance,225,Sanpoil,32,tbk80,66,1,Food,47,Special Food,Shoots mixed with balsamroot and featured in the 'first roots' ceremony.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 66"
20925,2238,Lomatium farinosum (Hook.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,68,1,Food,,,Roots boiled and eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 68"
20931,2240,Lomatium geyeri (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,68,1,Food,,,"Roots peeled, cooked and eaten with bitter-root.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 68"
20950,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,69,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Dried roots soaked overnight and chewed for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69"
20951,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,69,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Dried roots soaked overnight and chewed for flu.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69"
20952,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,69,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Poultice of pounded roots applied to the inside of babies mouths for mouth sores or 'thrush.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69"
20953,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,69,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Poultice of pounded roots applied to the inside of babies mouths for mouth sores or 'thrush.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69"
20954,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,69,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Dried roots soaked overnight and chewed for bronchitis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69"
20955,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,69,1,Food,,,Roots peeled and eaten raw or boiled.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69"
20964,2243,Lomatium macrocarpum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Coult. & Rose,225,Sanpoil,32,tbk80,69,1,Food,,,Roots pit cooked and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 69"
21068,2254,Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of flowers and upper leaves taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
21069,2254,Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of flowers and upper leaves taken for sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
21070,2254,Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Flowers and upper leaves dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
21071,2254,Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,1,Food,86,Spice,"Dried flowers and upper leaves used to flavor meats, stews and salads.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
21072,2254,Lomatium triternatum (Pursh) Coult. & Rose,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,1,Food,112,Substitution Food,Flowers and upper leaves sometimes used as a substitute food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
21100,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,93,1,Food,5,Forage,Flower nectar sucked by hummingbirds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 93"
21194,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Branches used to make a medicine for mothers after childbirth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
21195,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,2,Drug,13,Poison,Berries considered poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
21196,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by bears.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
21236,2270,Lonicera utahensis S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of branches taken as a tonic to 'change the blood' in the spring and fall.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
21237,2270,Lonicera utahensis S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of branches and leaves used to wash sores and infections.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
21238,2270,Lonicera utahensis S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of branches taken as a mild laxative.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
21239,2270,Lonicera utahensis S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
21357,2305,Lupinus sericeus Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,"Seeds pounded, mixed with water, strained and resulting liquid used as an eye medicine.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21358,2305,Lupinus sericeus Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Plants used for bedding and as flooring in the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21359,2305,Lupinus sericeus Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant considered the marmot's favorite food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21360,2305,Lupinus sericeus Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Blooms indicated that groundhogs were fat enough to eat.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21385,2308,Lupinus sulphureus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,"Seeds pounded, mixed with water, strained and resulting liquid used as an eye medicine.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21386,2308,Lupinus sulphureus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Plants used for bedding and as flooring in the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21387,2308,Lupinus sulphureus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant considered the marmot's favorite food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21388,2308,Lupinus sulphureus Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Blooms indicated that groundhogs were fat enough to eat.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21390,2310,Lupinus wyethii S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,"Seeds pounded, mixed with water, strained and resulting liquid used as an eye medicine.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21391,2310,Lupinus wyethii S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Plants used for bedding and as flooring in the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21392,2310,Lupinus wyethii S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant considered the marmot's favorite food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21393,2310,Lupinus wyethii S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Blooms indicated that groundhogs were fat enough to eat.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
21649,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,35,1,Food,5,Forage,Flower stalks sucked by grizzly and black bears.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35"
21650,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,35,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves placed over and under the food in steaming pit cooking.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35"
21713,2345,Machaeranthera canescens ssp. canescens var. canescens,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,79,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Used for witchcraft.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 79"
21840,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of branches and chokecherry branches taken for the 'changing of the blood.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
21841,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of branches taken as a blood tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
21842,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of plant used to wash out blurry or bloodshot eyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
21843,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Decoction of roots and chokecherry or kinnikinnick branches taken for bad kidneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
21844,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Roots used to make a tonic for the kidneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
21845,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,5,Dye,72,Yellow,"Stem and root inner bark used as bright yellow dye for basket materials, wool and porcupine quills.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
21846,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
21855,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,225,Sanpoil,32,tbk80,85,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
21856,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,225,Sanpoil,32,tbk80,85,1,Food,1,Preserves,Berries boiled into a jam.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
22120,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,48,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of rhizomes taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 48"
22121,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,48,2,Drug,175,Dietary Aid,Decoction of rhizomes taken to increase the appetite.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 48"
22122,2381,Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,48,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes dried, soaked, pit cooked with camas and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 48"
22518,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Tops and human hair buried on range to prevent loved ones or relations from going away.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
22519,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,"Tops, horse & human hair & musk gland material buried on range to prevent horses from running away.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
22520,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Plant used for witchcraft.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
22521,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,1,Food,,,Flower heads eaten by children.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
22539,2428,Medicago sativa L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,1,Food,86,Spice,Plants placed above and below black tree lichen and camas in cooking pits for the sweet flavor.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
22706,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of stems taken for pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
22707,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of stems taken for swellings.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
22708,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of stems taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
22709,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of stems taken for fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
22710,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of stems taken for colic in children.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
22711,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of stems taken for colic in children.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
22712,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,1,Food,27,Beverage,Stems used to make tea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
22756,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,225,Sanpoil,32,tbk80,109,1,Food,27,Beverage,Stems used to make tea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
23361,2513,Monardella odoratissima Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves and stems given to children and adults for the common cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
23362,2513,Monardella odoratissima Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of leaves and stems given to children and adults for the common cold.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
23363,2513,Monardella odoratissima Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves and stems used to make a hot or cold tea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
23364,2513,Monardella odoratissima Benth.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,109,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Plant used to wipe fishing hooks & lines, spears, harpoons, animal snares & arrows to remove scent.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 109"
23683,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,110,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of plant tops taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"
23684,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,110,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant eaten by skunks.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"
23765,2577,Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,140,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Leaves used for smoking.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 140"
24114,2596,Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,110,2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots considered poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"
24115,2596,Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,110,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Stems placed directly on the tooth for toothaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"
24164,2599,Nymphaea odorata Ait.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,110,2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots considered poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"
24165,2599,Nymphaea odorata Ait.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,110,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Stems placed directly on the tooth for toothaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"
24511,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,73,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of roots and stems taken for dry coughs.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 73"
24512,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,73,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of roots and stems taken for consumption.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 73"
24652,2659,Opuntia fragilis (Nutt.) Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of flesh applied to skin sores and infections.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24653,2659,Opuntia fragilis (Nutt.) Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Flesh eaten to cause urination.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24654,2659,Opuntia fragilis (Nutt.) Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,1,Food,56,Soup,Flesh and fat boiled into a soup.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24655,2659,Opuntia fragilis (Nutt.) Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,1,Food,,,Flesh pit cooked or roasted and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24656,2659,Opuntia fragilis (Nutt.) Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Spines used to make fish hooks.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24657,2659,Opuntia fragilis (Nutt.) Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Blooms indicated saskatoon berries ready to be picked.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24764,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of flesh applied to skin sores and infections.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24765,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Flesh eaten to cause urination.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24766,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,1,Food,56,Soup,Flesh and fat boiled into a soup.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24767,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,1,Food,,,Flesh pit cooked or roasted and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24768,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Spines used to make fish hooks.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24769,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Blooms indicated saskatoon berries ready to be picked.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24998,2697,Osmorhiza occidentalis (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of roots taken for fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
24999,2697,Osmorhiza occidentalis (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Roots applied to the tooth for toothaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
25000,2697,Osmorhiza occidentalis (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,70,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Roots carried by hunters for the 'good smell' to cover the human scent.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 70"
25595,2765,Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of branches taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
25596,2765,Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Decoction of branches taken for kidney troubles.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
25597,2765,Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of branches taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
25598,2765,Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used by deer as a good winter food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
25841,2804,Penstemon confertus Dougl. ex Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,5,Dye,55,Blue,"Flowers boiled and rubbed on arrows and other items to give them a blue, indelible coloring.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25887,2808,Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of plant tops taken for headaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25888,2808,Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of plant tops taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25889,2808,Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plant tops used for sore and itchy scalp and to bathe the skin for acne and pimples.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25890,2808,Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of plant tops taken for internal disorders.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25891,2808,Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of plant tops taken for flu.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25892,2808,Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Raw roots placed on the tooth for severe toothaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25893,2808,Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Infusion of plant tops used on animals for skin problems.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25894,2808,Penstemon fruticosus (Pursh) Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Mashed leaves placed inside moccasins for insoles.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25932,2818,Penstemon pruinosus Dougl. ex Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,5,Dye,55,Blue,"Flowers boiled and rubbed on arrows and other items to give them a blue, indelible coloring.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
25933,2819,Penstemon richardsonii Dougl. ex Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,139,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of stalks with leaves and flowers taken for typhoid fever.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 139"
26015,2831,Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,71,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Roots eaten raw, boiled or cooked, sliced, dried and mixed with dried, powdered deer meat.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
26016,2831,Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,71,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,Roots mixed with flour or black tree lichen into a pudding.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
26017,2831,Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,71,1,Food,,,Roots boiled alone or with saskatoon berries.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
26018,2831,Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,71,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Roots stored in pits for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
26279,2864,Phalaris arundinacea L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Used to make peaked hats suitable for wearing by Indian doctors.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
26280,2864,Phalaris arundinacea L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Used to make eating mats and mats for drying roots and berries.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
26281,2864,Phalaris arundinacea L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make fishing weirs.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
26331,2872,Phaseolus sp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
26385,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,108,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Decoction of plant taken as a physic in the morning and evening.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"
26386,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,108,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make cradle hoops.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"
26387,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,108,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Wood used to make snowshoes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"
26388,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,108,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Wood used to make harpoon shafts, bows and arrows, arrow tips and clubs.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"
26389,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,108,3,Other,58,Protection,Wood used to make breast plate armor.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"
26390,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,108,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Blooming bushes indicated the groundhogs were fat.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"
26391,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,108,3,Other,79,Smoking Tools,Wood used to make pipe stems.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"
26392,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,108,3,Other,106,Soap,"Leaves rubbed with water, made into a frothy lather and used to wash the hands and hair.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"
26393,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,108,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make digging sticks.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 108"
26430,2879,Phleum pratense L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,3,Other,32,Containers,Used in pit cooking.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
26456,2884,Phlox longifolia Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of whole plant given to 'anemic' children.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
26457,2884,Phlox longifolia Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,112,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of whole plant given to 'anemic' children.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 112"
26780,2928,Physocarpus malvaceus (Greene) Kuntze,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,Infusion of bark used to wash arrows and other hunting equipment to protect them from spells.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
26781,2928,Physocarpus malvaceus (Greene) Kuntze,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,1,Food,,,Roots steam cooked and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
26782,2928,Physocarpus malvaceus (Greene) Kuntze,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,3,Other,181,Malicious Charm,Plant used to cause other people bad luck.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
26861,2933,Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,27,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion of bark used for respiratory ailments.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 27"
26862,2933,Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,27,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark used for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 27"
26863,2933,Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,27,1,Food,27,Beverage,Branches used by mountain travellers to make a tea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 27"
26986,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,27,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion of bark used for respiratory ailments.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 27"
26987,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,27,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark used for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 27"
26988,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,27,1,Food,27,Beverage,Branches used by mountain travellers to make a tea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 27"
27357,2949,Pinus albicaulis Engelm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,27,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 27"
27358,2949,Pinus albicaulis Engelm.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,27,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Seeds gathered and stored for winter use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 27"
27435,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Cambium layer eaten for stomach troubles such as ulcers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
27436,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of sap taken for ulcers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
27437,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Pitch sucked and juice swallowed for sore throats.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
27438,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,1,Food,5,Forage,Cambium layer eaten by grizzly bears.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
27439,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,1,Food,,,Cambium layer used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
27440,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Wood placed in a basket of water to bring rain and pine cones burned to stop rain.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
27441,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,3,Other,32,Containers,"Bark used to make temporary, berry picking containers.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
27442,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,28,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Pollen cone ripening used as an indication that the cambium was ready to harvest.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 28"
27906,2966,Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Bark used to make sturgeon nosed canoes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
27998,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Green buds never chewed by pregnant women because it would cause a miscarriage.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
27999,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Decoction of plant tops taken for internal hemorrhaging.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28000,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pitch applied to boils.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28001,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of dried buds used as an eyewash.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28002,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of plant tops taken for high fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28003,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Good medicine for the stomach.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28004,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,"Needles spread on the floor of the sweathouse to fight off 'plhax,' witchcraft.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28005,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Needles used as insulation for underground storage pits.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28006,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood used to make dugout canoes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28007,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,1,Food,85,Candy,Green buds chewed and the juice sucked by children.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28008,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,1,Food,85,Candy,Pitch used as chewing gum.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28009,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,1,Food,66,Frozen Food,Cambium frozen for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28010,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,1,Food,,,Cambium used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28011,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,1,Food,,,Seeds eaten like nuts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28012,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Seeds stored for winter use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28013,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Smoldering cones thrown into the air in the direction of rain clouds to make the rain stop.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28014,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Pitch used to cement feathers onto arrow shafts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28015,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,29,3,Other,144,Hide Preparation,Rotten wood used for smoking deer hides.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 29"
28329,2987,Pisum sativum L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,106,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106"
28458,3001,Plantago major L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed leaves applied to kill the germs of sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
28499,3004,Plantago patagonica Jacq.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,111,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed leaves applied to sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 111"
28867,3052,Polygonum amphibium L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,113,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Infusion of dried, pounded roots taken or raw root eaten for chest colds.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 113"
29315,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,134,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of buds taken for gonorrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134"
29316,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,134,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood used to make dugout canoes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134"
29317,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,134,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to make food storage containers and to line food storage pits.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134"
29318,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,134,3,Other,57,Fasteners,"Bud scale resin used to glue arrowhead onto shafts and in making spears, fish hooks and canoes.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134"
29319,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,134,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Leaves trembling or shimmering with no perceptible wind was a signal that bad weather was coming.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134"
29320,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,134,3,Other,17,Tools,Thin board of wood placed at the top of a cradle to flatten a child's head.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134"
29643,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,134,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark powder used on the feet and underarms as a deodorant and anti-perspirant.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134"
29644,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,134,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of young growth used as a bath for bruised eyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134"
29645,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,134,3,Other,17,Tools,Logs used to scrape deer hides.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 134"
29820,3123,Potentilla arguta Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,126,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of roots taken by women after childbirth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 126"
29836,3128,Potentilla gracilis Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of pounded roots taken as a general tonic for pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
29837,3128,Potentilla gracilis Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of pounded roots taken for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
29838,3128,Potentilla gracilis Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of pounded roots taken as a general tonic for aches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
29839,3128,Potentilla gracilis Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of pounded roots taken as a blood tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
29840,3128,Potentilla gracilis Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of pounded roots used to wash sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
29841,3128,Potentilla gracilis Dougl. ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of pounded roots taken for gonorrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
29855,3133,Potentilla recta L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pounded leaves and stems applied to open sores and wounds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
29856,3133,Potentilla recta L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,110,Internal Medicine,Infusion of leaves taken for all types of internal troubles.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
29927,3151,Prosartes trachycarpa S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,44,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves used as a wash for wounds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 44"
29928,3151,Prosartes trachycarpa S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,44,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,"Poultice of dampened, bruised leaves applied to bleeding wounds.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 44"
29929,3151,Prosartes trachycarpa S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,44,2,Drug,,,Berries used to make medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 44"
30383,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Berries eaten as a laxative for 'sour stomach.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30384,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,3,Other,38,Decorations,"Bark used to decorate bows, 'tomahawk' handles and pipe stems.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30385,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,3,Other,38,Decorations,Bark used to imbricate split cedar root baskets.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30386,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,3,Other,38,Decorations,Root bark used to imbricate cedar root baskets.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30839,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,"Decoction of wood, branches and bark taken for diarrhea.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30840,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Decoction of wood, branches and bark taken for colds.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30841,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,"Decoction of wood, branches and bark taken for coughs.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30842,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of wood scraped until pasty & applied to woman's stomach to eliminate the 'stretch marks.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30843,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Mashed seeds taken as a stomach medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30844,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of branches and red willow roots used as a general tonic for any type of sickness.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30845,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, seeds and all, and sun dried into thin cakes.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30846,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30847,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries stored for winter use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
30848,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,127,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Ripened fruit indicated that the spring salmon were coming up the river to spawn.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
31140,3197,Pseudoroegneria spicata ssp. spicata,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,53,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),"Decoction of leaves used for bathing sore, swollen, crippled or paralyzed limbs caused by arthritis.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53"
31141,3197,Pseudoroegneria spicata ssp. spicata,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,53,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant used as grazing grass for livestock and deer.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 53"
31231,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of first year growth shoots taken as an emetic for anemia.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31232,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of bark used for allergies caused by touching water hemlock.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31233,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of boughs with other plants taken and used to wash the skin and hair during sweatbaths.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31234,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Decoction of first year growth shoots taken as an emetic for high fevers and anemia.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31235,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Decoction of first year growth shoots taken as an emetic for high fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31236,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Boughs used to cover the floor of the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31237,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used to make teepee poles and spear shafts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31238,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,1,Food,,,"White, crystalline sugar exuded from branches and eaten alone or with balsamroot seeds.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31239,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"White, crystalline sugar exuded from branches and stored for future use.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31240,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Boughs used by bereaved persons to scrub themselves as a purification ritual.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31241,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,3,Other,32,Containers,Boughs used under a freshly killed deer while butchering it.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31242,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make teepee poles and spear shafts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31243,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Pollen shedding cones used as an indication that ponderosa pine cambium was ripe.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31244,3200,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,34,3,Other,106,Soap,Boughs used to scrub the body during a sweatbath to impart a nice smell and make the skin clean.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 34"
31486,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,2,Drug,13,Poison,Fronds considered poisonous when mature and known to contain carcinogenic substances.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
31487,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,3,Other,32,Containers,Fronds dipped in water and used in pit cooking to place over and under the food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
31488,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,3,Other,168,Water Indicator,Ferns considered to be a sign of water when travelling through the mountains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
31581,3220,Pterospora andromedea Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,102,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of roots taken for gonorrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102"
31582,3221,Pteryxia terebinthina var. terebinthina,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,60,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of dried, pounded, peeled roots, alone or with Vaseline, applied to sores.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60"
31583,3221,Pteryxia terebinthina var. terebinthina,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,60,2,Drug,69,Tonic,"Infusion of dried, pounded roots taken as a general tonic.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60"
31691,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,128,1,Food,5,Forage,Plant eaten by deer.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 128"
31692,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,128,3,Other,37,Fuel,Branches used for fuel.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 128"
31693,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,128,3,Other,37,Fuel,Branches used to make the initial fire for pit cooking.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 128"
32678,3307,Ranunculus glaberrimus Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,119,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of mashed and dampened whole plants applied to pains of any kind.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"
32679,3307,Ranunculus glaberrimus Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,119,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of mashed and dampened whole plants applied to sore joints.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"
32680,3307,Ranunculus glaberrimus Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,119,2,Drug,13,Poison,"Dried or mashed, fresh whole plant placed on a piece of meat as poisoned bait for coyotes.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 119"
32839,3337,Rhododendron albiflorum Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,102,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves used to make tea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102"
32965,3347,Rhus glabra L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of branches with seed heads used for an itchy scalp condition.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
32966,3347,Rhus glabra L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Milky latex used as a salve on sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
32967,3347,Rhus glabra L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of seed heads taken by women during childbirth.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
32968,3347,Rhus glabra L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,2,Drug,104,Heart Medicine,Infusion of bark &/or roots taken & applied externally to the chest for a 'tight chest.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
32969,3347,Rhus glabra L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,2,Drug,18,Other,Decoction of branches with seed heads used as bathing water for frost bitten limbs.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
32970,3347,Rhus glabra L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of seed heads used as bathing water for gonorrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
32971,3347,Rhus glabra L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,1,Food,27,Beverage,Seed heads used to make tea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
32972,3347,Rhus glabra L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,59,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Leaves changing color used as an indication that the sockeye salmon were spawning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 59"
33347,3359,Ribes aureum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,106,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Dried berries mixed with other berries and made into cakes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106"
33348,3359,Ribes aureum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,106,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and stored for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106"
33349,3359,Ribes aureum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,106,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106"
33407,3363,Ribes cereum Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of inner bark used to wash sore eyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33408,3363,Ribes cereum Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by grouse and pheasant.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33409,3363,Ribes cereum Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33410,3363,Ribes cereum Dougl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,First plant to sprout green leaves in spring.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33560,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of dried branches taken for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33561,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of dried branches taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33660,3386,Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. irriguum (Dougl.) Sinnott,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries, alone or mixed with other berries, used to make cakes.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33661,3386,Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. irriguum (Dougl.) Sinnott,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by bears.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33662,3386,Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. irriguum (Dougl.) Sinnott,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten green.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33663,3386,Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. irriguum (Dougl.) Sinnott,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries canned for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33664,3386,Ribes oxyacanthoides ssp. irriguum (Dougl.) Sinnott,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,107,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,"Berries dried, mixed with bitter-root and sold to the Thompson.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
33849,3412,Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Poultice of fresh, whole plants applied to the forehead for headaches.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
33850,3412,Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,2,Drug,192,Vertigo Medicine,"Poultice of fresh, whole plants applied to the forehead for dizziness.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
33851,3412,Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Leaves used as a good emergency food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
33852,3412,Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,92,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves eaten raw as salad greens.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
33885,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Decoction of leaves, branches and other boughs taken and used as body and hair wash by sweatbathers.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33886,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to bee stings.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33887,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,5,Forage,Hips eaten by coyotes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33888,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,86,Spice,Leaves placed under and over food while pit cooking to add flavor and prevent burning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33889,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,,,"Orange, outer rind of the hips used for food.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33890,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Branches used by an Indian doctor to sweep out the grave before the corpse was lowered into it. The grave was swept prevent someone else's spirit from being buried with the dead person.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33891,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves placed under and over food while pit cooking to add flavor and prevent burning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33892,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Branches boiled in water and used to soak fishing lines and nets to obtain good luck.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33893,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Branches used in a wash by hunters to get rid of the human scent.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33894,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33895,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33896,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33998,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Decoction of leaves, branches and other boughs taken and used as body and hair wash by sweatbathers.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
33999,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to bee stings.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34000,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,5,Forage,Hips eaten by coyotes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34001,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,86,Spice,Leaves placed under and over food while pit cooking to add flavor and prevent burning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34002,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,,,"Orange, outer rind of the hips used for food.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34003,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Branches used by an Indian doctor to sweep out the grave before the corpse was lowered into it. The grave was swept prevent someone else's spirit from being buried with the dead person.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34004,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves placed under and over food while pit cooking to add flavor and prevent burning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34005,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Branches boiled in water and used to soak fishing lines and nets to obtain good luck.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34006,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Branches used in a wash by hunters to get rid of the human scent.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34007,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34008,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34009,3426,Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34053,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Decoction of leaves, branches and other boughs taken and used as body and hair wash by sweatbathers.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34054,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to bee stings.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34055,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,5,Forage,Hips eaten by coyotes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34056,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,86,Spice,Leaves placed under and over food while pit cooking to add flavor and prevent burning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34057,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,,,"Orange, outer rind of the hips used for food.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34058,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Branches used by an Indian doctor to sweep out the grave before the corpse was lowered into it. The grave was swept prevent someone else's spirit from being buried with the dead person.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34059,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves placed under and over food while pit cooking to add flavor and prevent burning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34060,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Branches boiled in water and used to soak fishing lines and nets to obtain good luck.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34061,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Branches used in a wash by hunters to get rid of the human scent.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34062,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34063,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34064,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34206,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Decoction of leaves, branches and other boughs taken and used as body and hair wash by sweatbathers.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34207,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to bee stings.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34208,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,5,Forage,Hips eaten by coyotes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34209,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,86,Spice,Leaves placed under and over food while pit cooking to add flavor and prevent burning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34210,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,,,"Orange, outer rind of the hips used for food.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34211,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Branches used by an Indian doctor to sweep out the grave before the corpse was lowered into it. The grave was swept prevent someone else's spirit from being buried with the dead person.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34212,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves placed under and over food while pit cooking to add flavor and prevent burning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34213,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Branches boiled in water and used to soak fishing lines and nets to obtain good luck.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34214,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Branches used in a wash by hunters to get rid of the human scent.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34215,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches made into tea and taken as protection from bad spirits and ghosts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34216,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches made into tea and used as washing water for one who was being jinxed by some bad person.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34217,3434,Rosa woodsii Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,3,Other,58,Protection,Branches placed around the house and yard of the deceased to keep his or her spirit from returning.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34493,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of branches taken for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34494,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Decoction of branches taken as a physic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34495,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of branches taken for heartburn.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34496,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Decoction of roots taken for constipation.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34497,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34498,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,66,Frozen Food,Berries frozen for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34499,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34500,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,131,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries canned for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131"
34624,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,132,1,Food,41,Dessert,Dried berries soaked in water or boiled and eaten as a dessert.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 132"
34625,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,132,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and stored for winter use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 132"
34626,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,132,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried berries eaten with dried meat or fish.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 132"
34827,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of roots taken by young people with pimples and blackheads.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 132"
34828,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves rubbed on the face of young people with pimples and blackheads.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 132"
34829,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,132,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of roots taken for stomach ailments.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 132"
34830,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,132,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 132"
34831,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,132,3,Other,32,Containers,"Leaves used to line steam cooking pits, berry baskets and placed between layers of fresh berries.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 132"
35176,3480,Rumex acetosella L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves eaten raw.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 113"
35655,3518,Salix amygdaloides Anderss.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,135,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Decoction of branch tips used for soaking the feet and legs for cramps.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 135"
35672,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner cambium and powdered tree fungus applied to serious cuts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35673,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of branches taken by women for several months after childbirth to increase the blood flow.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35674,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Shredded inner bark used for sanitary napkins to 'heal a woman's insides.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35675,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Poultice of bark and sap applied as a wad to bleeding wounds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35676,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of damp inner bark applied to the skin over a broken bone.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35677,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of branches taken by women after childbirth and helped the baby through the breast milk.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35678,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35679,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Branches or bark twisted into strong rope.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35680,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Bark used for sewing birch bark onto basket frames.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35681,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35682,3520,Salix bebbiana Sarg.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Bark twisted into cord and used to tie things together.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35822,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35823,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark used to make excellent cord.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35824,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Bark used for sewing birch bark onto basket frames.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35825,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35826,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,3,Other,32,Containers,Branches used under fish to keep them clean.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35827,3527,Salix exigua Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Bark twisted into cord and used to tie things together.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
35977,3539,Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,135,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Decoction of branch tips used for soaking the feet and legs for cramps.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 135"
36060,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner cambium and powdered tree fungus applied to serious cuts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36061,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of branches taken by women for several months after childbirth to increase the blood flow.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36062,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Shredded inner bark used for sanitary napkins to 'heal a woman's insides.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36063,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Poultice of bark and sap applied as a wad to bleeding wounds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36064,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of damp inner bark applied to the skin over a broken bone.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36065,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of branches taken by women after childbirth and helped the baby through the breast milk.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36066,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36067,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Branches and bark twisted into strong rope.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36068,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Bark used for sewing birch bark onto basket frames.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36069,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36070,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Bark twisted into cord and used to tie things together.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36101,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of stalks taken for stomach ailments.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36241,3551,Salix sp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner cambium and powdered tree fungus applied to serious cuts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36242,3551,Salix sp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of branches taken by women for several months after childbirth to increase the blood flow.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36243,3551,Salix sp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Shredded inner bark used for sanitary napkins to 'heal a woman's insides.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36244,3551,Salix sp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Poultice of bark and sap applied as a wad to bleeding wounds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36245,3551,Salix sp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of damp inner bark applied to the skin over a broken bone.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36246,3551,Salix sp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of branches taken by women after childbirth and helped the baby through the breast milk.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36247,3551,Salix sp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36248,3551,Salix sp.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,136,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark twisted into cord and used to make bags and dresses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136"
36418,3559,Salvia dorrii ssp. dorrii var. incana (Benth.) Strachan,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,110,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction or infusion of leaves used for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"
36419,3559,Salvia dorrii ssp. dorrii var. incana (Benth.) Strachan,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,110,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction or infusion of leaves used for any illness of a general nature.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110"
36566,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Dead stalks used to make a steambath for arthritis or rheumatism.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
36567,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,1,Food,66,Frozen Food,Berries frozen for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
36568,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
36569,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,94,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,"Stems used to make 'flageolets,' a musical instrument.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94"
37393,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,36,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,"Stems dried, sewn into large mats and used to make 'teepees,' temporary shelters, doors & windows.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 36"
37394,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,36,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Stems used to make headdresses for Indian doctors.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 36"
37395,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,36,3,Other,32,Containers,"Stems woven into storage bags and used to store dried meat, fish and berries.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 36"
37396,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,36,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,"Stems dried, sewn into large mats and used for drying berries and cutting and drying meat and fish.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 36"
37520,3611,Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,37,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make berry picking and root digging baskets.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 37"
37521,3611,Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,37,3,Other,32,Containers,Used over and under food in steaming pits.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 37"
37522,3611,Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,37,3,Other,38,Decorations,Used to make fringe for buckskin dresses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 37"
37618,3633,Sedum lanceolatum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,98,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,"Infusion of stems, leaves and flowers taken to clean out the womb after childbirth.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98"
37619,3633,Sedum lanceolatum Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,98,2,Drug,36,Laxative,"Infusion of stems, leaves and flowers taken or raw leaves chewed as a laxative.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98"
37645,3637,Sedum stenopetalum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,98,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of whole plant taken for venereal disease.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98"
37865,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of branches used as a shampoo.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
37866,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,Leaves chewed and spit out by hunter to stop a wounded deer from running.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
37867,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,1,Food,171,Ice Cream,Berries used to make 'Indian ice cream.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
37868,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,99,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Infusion of branches taken to bring good luck.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99"
37989,3680,Silene menziesii Hook.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of pounded roots used as eye drops for cataracts.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
38141,3703,Sium suave Walt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,71,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw in the early spring.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
38362,3729,Solanum tuberosum L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,140,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Potatoes attained a high degree of importance in the economy.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 140"
38399,3734,Solidago canadensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of flower heads taken for diarrhea.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
38400,3734,Solidago canadensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of shoots given to children with fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
38401,3734,Solidago canadensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of flower heads taken for the flu.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
38402,3734,Solidago canadensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of shoots given to children with fevers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
38403,3734,Solidago canadensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,84,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Clustered flower heads used by children as play whips.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
38563,3761,Sorbus scopulina Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of branches given to young children with bed wetting problems.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38564,3761,Sorbus scopulina Greene,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Infusion of branches given to young children with bed wetting problems.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38572,3762,Sorbus sitchensis M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of branches given to young children with bed wetting problems.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38573,3762,Sorbus sitchensis M. Roemer,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Infusion of branches given to young children with bed wetting problems.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38601,3767,Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex Gray,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used as hay for cattle.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
38602,3767,Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex Gray,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,3,Other,32,Containers,Used in pit cooking.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
38718,3791,Spiraea betulifolia Pallas,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of branches used for menstrual pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38719,3791,Spiraea betulifolia Pallas,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of branches taken for abdominal pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38720,3791,Spiraea betulifolia Pallas,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of branches taken for colds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38721,3791,Spiraea betulifolia Pallas,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of branches taken for abdominal pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38722,3791,Spiraea betulifolia Pallas,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of branches used for menstrual pains or heavy or prolonged menstruation.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38723,3791,Spiraea betulifolia Pallas,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of branches taken for poor kidneys.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
38724,3791,Spiraea betulifolia Pallas,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,133,2,Drug,18,Other,Infusion of branches taken for ruptures.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 133"
39069,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,"Decoction of branches, leaves and berries taken as a physic to clean out the system.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39070,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Berries mashed and rubbed in the armpits as an anti-perspirant.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39071,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed berries applied to children's skin sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39072,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of mashed berries applied to itchy skin.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39073,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,"Berries mashed, mixed with small amount of warm water and put into the eyes for sore, running eyes.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39074,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of roots used as an eyewash.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39075,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Poultice of mashed berries applied to children's skin sores.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39076,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,2,Drug,13,Poison,Berries considered poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39077,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Branches tied together in a bundle to make a broom.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39078,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by ruffed grouse and other birds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
39384,3894,Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves eaten as greens.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
39517,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,35,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Wood scrapings and Vaseline used as a sunburn ointment.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35"
39518,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,35,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35"
40133,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Infusion of boughs used to soak painful joints from arthritis and rheumatism.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40134,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Weak infusion of boughs taken for painful joints from arthritis and rheumatism.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40135,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Decoction of boughs and three plants used for washing the skin and hair during sweatbathing. The three plants were Douglas fir boughs, rose branches and often a small quantity of stinging nettle.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40136,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of boughs used as a hair wash for dandruff and scalp 'germs.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40137,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,2,Drug,13,Poison,Infusion of boughs considered toxic in large doses.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40138,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,2,Drug,69,Tonic,"Decoction of boughs and three plants taken as a sweathouse tonic. The three plants were Douglas fir boughs, rose branches and often a small quantity of stinging nettle.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40139,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Weak infusion of boughs taken as a sweathouse tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40140,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used for weaving rough baskets.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40141,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,"Split roots used to make a high quality, coiled, watertight and strong basket.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40142,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Boughs used to scrub the skin in the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40143,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark used to make a covering for sweathouse frames and insulation for tule tipis.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40144,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark used to make a raised storage cache.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40145,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Logs used to make A-frame shelters and to cover the rafters of an underground house. The logs were burned into six meter lengths and boards split off with horn wedges.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40146,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,"Wood used to make canoes, frames for birchbark canoes and paddles.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40147,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Bark used, when tule not available, for weaving mats.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40148,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Boughs used in church on Palm Sunday.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40149,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Infusion of cedar, fir & rose branches of equal size used as bathing water for sweathouse ritual.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40150,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows and arrows and dipnet frames.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40151,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,20,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Wood used to make drum hoops.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 20"
40539,3986,Tragopogon pratensis L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,1,Food,5,Forage,"Plant eaten by deer, horses and cattle.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
40720,4022,Trillium petiolatum Pursh,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,1,Food,218,Appetizer,Roots used to make a tea and taken as an appetizer.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"
40783,4031,Triteleia grandiflora Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,41,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
40784,4031,Triteleia grandiflora Lindl.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,41,1,Food,,,Corms used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 41"
40822,4037,Triticum aestivum L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,1,Food,,,Kernels boiled until opened and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41300,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Cottony fluff used as dressing for wounds.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41301,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,"Leaves woven into mats and used for door coverings, sweathouses and 'A-frame' type shelters.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41302,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Cottony fluff used as diapers.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41303,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Cottony fruiting heads used as 'insoles' for moccasins.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41304,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Young, fruiting heads boiled or roasted and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41305,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,1,Food,,,Roots pit cooked and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41306,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,1,Food,,,Young sprouts used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41307,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to make storage bags for dried roots and berries.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41308,4049,Typha latifolia L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,57,3,Other,58,Protection,Leaves wrapped around the sweathouse entrance frame to prevent from getting burned on the wood.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 57"
41723,4058,Urtica dioica L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,140,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Fresh plants used to beat the skin after 'sweathousing' and for rheumatic and arthritic pain.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 140"
41724,4058,Urtica dioica L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,140,1,Food,31,Vegetable,New growths dipped in boiling water and eaten as greens.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 140"
41725,4058,Urtica dioica L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,140,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plant used to make a tea taken during 'sweathousing' and used to 'wash' the skin and hair.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 140"
41726,4058,Urtica dioica L.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,140,3,Other,58,Protection,Boiled plant used as a bath to combat witchcraft and a jinx by an evil person.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 140"
41991,4071,Vaccinium caespitosum Michx.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,102,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102"
41992,4071,Vaccinium caespitosum Michx.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,102,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten by domestic sheep.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102"
41993,4071,Vaccinium caespitosum Michx.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,102,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102"
41994,4071,Vaccinium caespitosum Michx.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,102,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries canned for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 102"
42068,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,103,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Berries dried, boiled and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 103"
42069,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,103,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 103"
42070,4077,Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,103,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries canned for future use.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 103"
42369,4086,Vaccinium scoparium Leib. ex Coville,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,105,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105"
42531,4094,Valeriana edulis Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,142,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Roots stored in underground pits for about a year.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 142"
42534,4094,Valeriana edulis Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray,226,Sanpoil and Nespelem,32,tbk80,142,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 142"
42719,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of raw roots applied carefully to the skin for rheumatic and arthritic pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"
42721,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,"Roots dried, powdered and used as a snuff to cause sneezing and clear the sinuses for colds.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"
42722,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,Roots rubbed in each eye and the tip of the nose of hunting dogs during 'training.',"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"
42723,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to the skin by hunters for backaches.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"
42724,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"
42725,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Plant used in 'witchcraft' or 'plhax' to jinx people.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"
43065,4130,Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,95,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 95"
43196,4139,Vicia americana Muhl. ex Willd.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,106,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Infusion of tops used as a bathing solution in the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106"
43568,4194,Woodsia scopulina D.C. Eat.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,18,3,Other,168,Water Indicator,Ferns considered to be a sign of water when travelling through the mountains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
43583,4198,Wyethia amplexicaulis (Nutt.) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,85,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),"Poultice of warmed, pounded roots applied for arthritic or rheumatic pain.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85"
43728,4217,Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to decorate baskets.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"
44593,4250,Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,2,Drug,13,Poison,Bulbs considered extremely poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"
44594,4250,Zigadenus venenosus S. Wats.,175,Okanagan-Colville,32,tbk80,50,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Mashed bulbs used as an arrow poison.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50"