id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
147,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of needles taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
148,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for fuel.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
152,5,Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.,81,Green River Group,25,g73,19,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of needles taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
366,11,Abronia latifolia Eschsch.,114,Klallam,25,g73,29,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
367,11,Abronia latifolia Eschsch.,133,Makah,25,g73,29,1,Food,,,Roots eaten in the fall.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
411,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,31,Chehalis,25,g73,40,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make the wattleworks of fish traps.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
416,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,40,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make the wattleworks of fish traps.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
423,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,40,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make the wattleworks of fish traps.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
424,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,40,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Straight shoots used to make openwork baskets for general household utilities.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
425,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,40,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Poles used to hold down roof planks on houses.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
426,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,40,3,Other,26,Paint,Charcoal mixed with oil and used as black paint.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
428,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,40,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Saplings used as swings for baby cradles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
429,22,Acer circinatum Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,40,3,Other,17,Tools,Saplings used to make salmon tongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
477,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,31,Chehalis,25,g73,39,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Dead wood used for smoking salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
486,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,39,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark used to make rope and tumplines.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
487,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,84,Haida,25,g73,39,3,Other,38,Decorations,Wood used to make wood carvings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
493,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,114,Klallam,25,g73,39,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
494,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,114,Klallam,25,g73,39,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood used to make canoe paddles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
499,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,39,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make cradle boards.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
500,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,39,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to cover food cooking in pits.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
501,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,39,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make dishes and spoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
505,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,165,Nisqually,25,g73,39,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Boughs used to cover temporary housing.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
511,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,39,3,Other,37,Fuel,Dead wood used for smoking salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
515,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,39,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood used to make canoe paddles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
516,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,39,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to cover food cooking in pits.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
518,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,245,Snohomish,25,g73,39,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood used to make canoe paddles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
519,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,245,Snohomish,25,g73,39,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to cover food cooking in pits.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
520,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,251,Squaxin,25,g73,39,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to lay fish on while cleaning.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
521,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,253,Swinomish,25,g73,39,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make cradle boards.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
522,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,253,Swinomish,25,g73,39,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Dead wood used for smoking salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
523,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,253,Swinomish,25,g73,39,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make dishes and spoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
535,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,265,Tlingit,25,g73,39,3,Other,38,Decorations,Wood used to make wood carvings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
537,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,267,Tsimshian,25,g73,39,3,Other,38,Decorations,Wood used to make wood carvings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
756,38,Achillea millefolium L.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,49,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of leaves taken for the passage of blood with diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
786,38,Achillea millefolium L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
787,38,Achillea millefolium L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,49,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of roots taken for stomach troubles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
844,38,Achillea millefolium L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,49,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of leaves taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
845,38,Achillea millefolium L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
846,38,Achillea millefolium L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,49,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of leaves taken during childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
859,38,Achillea millefolium L.,129,Lummi,25,g73,49,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of flowers taken for body aches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
860,38,Achillea millefolium L.,129,Lummi,25,g73,49,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Decoction of flowers taken to produce sweating.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
861,38,Achillea millefolium L.,129,Lummi,25,g73,49,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of flowers taken to prevent mumps.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
863,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,25,g73,49,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of leaves taken to purify the blood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
866,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,25,g73,49,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Raw leaves chewed by women to produce sweating at childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
867,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,25,g73,49,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of leaves taken to heal the uterus after birth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
870,38,Achillea millefolium L.,133,Makah,25,g73,49,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Raw leaves chewed by women to produce sweating at childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
940,38,Achillea millefolium L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of boiled leaves applied to rheumatic limbs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
941,38,Achillea millefolium L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Poultice of boiled leaves applied to rheumatic limbs for the fever.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
942,38,Achillea millefolium L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction of leaves used as an aromatic bath for sick infants.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
943,38,Achillea millefolium L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of leaves used as an aromatic bath for sick infants.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
944,38,Achillea millefolium L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,49,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of roots used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
945,38,Achillea millefolium L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,49,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of roots taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
946,38,Achillea millefolium L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,49,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of roots taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
953,38,Achillea millefolium L.,241,Skagit,25,g73,49,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of leaves taken for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
954,38,Achillea millefolium L.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,49,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of leaves taken for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
955,38,Achillea millefolium L.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
956,38,Achillea millefolium L.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,49,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of roots taken for stomach troubles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
957,38,Achillea millefolium L.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,49,2,Drug,18,Other,Plant used as a bath for invalids.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
1103,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,31,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1104,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,129,Lummi,25,g73,31,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1105,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,129,Lummi,25,g73,31,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Infusion of smashed plants taken as an emetic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1108,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1109,45,Achlys triphylla (Sm.) DC.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
1473,62,Actaea rubra ssp. arguta (Nutt.) Hult‚n,209,Quileute,25,g73,30,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
1474,62,Actaea rubra ssp. arguta (Nutt.) Hult‚n,210,Quinault,25,g73,30,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to wounds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
1486,65,Adenocaulon bicolor Hook.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,48,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
1487,65,Adenocaulon bicolor Hook.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,48,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to scrofula sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
1488,65,Adenocaulon bicolor Hook.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,48,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Poultice of leaves applied to scrofula sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
1529,68,Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris,129,Lummi,25,g73,14,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
1530,68,Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris,133,Makah,25,g73,14,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Leaves chewed for internal hemorrhages from wounds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
1531,68,Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris,133,Makah,25,g73,14,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
1532,68,Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris,133,Makah,25,g73,14,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Leaves chewed for sore chest and stomach troubles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
1533,68,Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris,133,Makah,25,g73,14,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Midribs used for the designs in basketry.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
1535,68,Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris,210,Quinault,25,g73,14,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Midribs used for the designs in basketry.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
1536,68,Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris,243,Skokomish,25,g73,14,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
2131,141,Allium cernuum Roth,114,Klallam,25,g73,24,1,Food,,,Bulbs used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
2136,141,Allium cernuum Roth,133,Makah,25,g73,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of chewed plants applied to the chest for pleurisy pains.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
2137,141,Allium cernuum Roth,133,Makah,25,g73,24,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Poultice of chewed plants applied to the chest for pleurisy pains.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
2138,141,Allium cernuum Roth,133,Makah,25,g73,24,1,Food,,,Bulbs eaten sparingly.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
2157,141,Allium cernuum Roth,210,Quinault,25,g73,24,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of chewed plants applied to the chest for pleurisy pains.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
2158,141,Allium cernuum Roth,210,Quinault,25,g73,24,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Poultice of chewed plants applied to the chest for pleurisy pains.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
2159,141,Allium cernuum Roth,210,Quinault,25,g73,24,1,Food,,,Bulbs used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
2492,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,27,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Rotten wood rubbed on the body to ease 'aching bones.',"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2493,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,27,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Rotten wood rubbed on the body to ease 'aching bones.',"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2518,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,114,Klallam,25,g73,27,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Catkins chewed for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2535,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,129,Lummi,25,g73,27,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,Bark made into a red to brown dye and used to make fish nets invisible to fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2536,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,133,Makah,25,g73,27,4,Fiber,109,Furniture,Wood used to make baby cradles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2565,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,209,Quileute,25,g73,27,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Raw cones eaten for dysentery.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2567,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,209,Quileute,25,g73,27,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,Bark made into a red to brown dye and used to make fish nets invisible to fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2568,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,209,Quileute,25,g73,27,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Green wood seasoned and used to make canoe paddles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2569,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,210,Quinault,25,g73,27,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,Bark made into a red to brown dye and used to make fish nets invisible to fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2570,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,210,Quinault,25,g73,27,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to line pots for storing elderberries.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2579,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,27,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,Bark made into a red to brown dye and used to make fish nets invisible to fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2580,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,27,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2581,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,27,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of bark taken for scrofula sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2582,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,27,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of bark taken for stomach troubles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2583,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,27,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of bark taken for scrofula sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2584,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Sap taken from the inside of the bark only with the incoming tide and used as food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
2585,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,27,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to line pots for storing elderberries.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
3075,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3076,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,38,1,Food,86,Spice,Fruits dried and used as seasoning in soup or with meats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3078,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,129,Lummi,25,g73,38,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Berries dried, boiled with dog salmon and eaten at feasts.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3080,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,221,Samish,25,g73,38,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used as the spreader in rigging halibut line.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3083,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,241,Skagit,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3086,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,38,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make discs for gambling games.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3087,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,38,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruits dried and eaten during the winter.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3088,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3089,207,Amelanchier alnifolia var. semiintegrifolia (Hook.) C.L. Hitchc.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,38,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used as the spreader in rigging halibut line.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
3277,236,Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth.,209,Quileute,25,g73,48,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Whole plant used as a steambath for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
3350,253,Anemone sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,29,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of plants taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
3932,303,Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC.,209,Quileute,25,g73,30,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves or milky pulp from scraped roots applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
4229,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,243,Skokomish,25,g73,44,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
4230,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,243,Skokomish,25,g73,44,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of leaves taken for ulcerated stomach.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
4231,322,Arbutus menziesii Pursh,243,Skokomish,25,g73,44,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of leaves taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
4277,328,Arctium minus Bernh.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,50,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Infusion of roots taken for whooping cough.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
4549,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,44,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Berries dried in bags, mixed with oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
4550,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
4656,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten with salmon eggs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
4658,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,44,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries occasionally eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 44"
4791,363,Argentina egedii ssp. egedii,209,Quileute,25,g73,37,1,Food,,,"Roots steamed, dipped in whale oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
5888,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,114,Klallam,25,g73,33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Salve of root ashes rubbed on sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5893,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5894,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Raw leaves chewed for smallpox.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5896,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,133,Makah,25,g73,33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5898,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,133,Makah,25,g73,33,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of roots taken for kidney trouble.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5902,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,133,Makah,25,g73,33,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of roots taken for gonorrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5906,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,209,Quileute,25,g73,33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of scraped roots applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5907,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,209,Quileute,25,g73,33,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of pounded roots taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5908,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,210,Quinault,25,g73,33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5909,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,241,Skagit,25,g73,33,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5910,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,241,Skagit,25,g73,33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5911,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,241,Skagit,25,g73,33,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of roots taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
5912,416,Aruncus dioicus var. vulgaris (Maxim.) Hara,241,Skagit,25,g73,33,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Poultice of twig and root ashes with bear grease applied to throat swellings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
6054,422,Asarum caudatum Lindl.,241,Skagit,25,g73,28,2,Drug,257,Dietary Aid,Leaves eaten to increase appetite.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
6055,422,Asarum caudatum Lindl.,241,Skagit,25,g73,28,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of leaves taken as a tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
6056,422,Asarum caudatum Lindl.,241,Skagit,25,g73,28,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Dried leaves used for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
6570,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,14,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of stems taken for body pains.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
6571,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,14,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to cover camas while baking.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
6575,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,133,Makah,25,g73,14,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of pounded stems taken by women to ease labor.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
6583,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,209,Quileute,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
6584,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,209,Quileute,25,g73,14,3,Other,107,Cleaning Agent,Leaves used to wipe fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
6585,498,Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth,210,Quinault,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
7373,592,Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm.,133,Makah,25,g73,15,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Green leaves chewed for stomach distress.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
7374,592,Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm.,133,Makah,25,g73,15,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Green leaves chewed for lung trouble.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
7378,592,Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm.,209,Quileute,25,g73,15,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of fresh leaves applied to paralyzed parts of the body.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
7379,592,Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm.,209,Quileute,25,g73,15,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction of leaves taken for general ill health.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
7380,592,Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm.,210,Quinault,25,g73,15,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Raw leaves chewed for colic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
7381,592,Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm.,210,Quinault,25,g73,15,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used with sword fern to cook baking camas.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
7463,615,Boykinia occidentalis Torr. & Gray,209,Quileute,25,g73,31,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Raw leaves eaten for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
7852,700,Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene,31,Chehalis,25,g73,24,1,Food,56,Soup,"Bulbs smashed, pressed together like cheese and boiled in a stew with salmon.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
7872,700,Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene,165,Nisqually,25,g73,24,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Bulbs cooked, sun dried and stored for future use as food.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
8055,734,Carex aquatilis var. dives (Holm) Kkenth.,133,Makah,25,g73,22,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used for the bottoms of trinket baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
8452,778,Castilleja angustifolia (Nutt.) G. Don,209,Quileute,25,g73,46,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Infusion of whole plant taken to regulate menstruation.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 46"
9305,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,210,Quinault,25,g73,41,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Cotton combined with duck feathers and used as blankets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
9308,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,243,Skokomish,25,g73,41,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
9309,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,243,Skokomish,25,g73,41,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Cotton combined with duck feathers and used as blankets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
9310,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,245,Snohomish,25,g73,41,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of roots taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
9311,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,253,Swinomish,25,g73,41,2,Drug,18,Other,Decoction of whole plants used as a bath for invalids.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
9312,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,253,Swinomish,25,g73,41,2,Drug,13,Poison,Infusion of plant considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
10013,971,Cirsium sp.,129,Lummi,25,g73,49,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of roots and tips taken by women at childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
10162,1007,Claytonia sibirica L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,29,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Cold infusion of stems used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10163,1007,Claytonia sibirica L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,29,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Cold infusion of stems used as a hair wash for dandruff.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10164,1007,Claytonia sibirica L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,29,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Juice from stems used as a wash for eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10165,1007,Claytonia sibirica L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,29,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Infusion of plants taken as an urinative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10166,1007,Claytonia sibirica L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,29,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Whole plant chewed by women during pregnancy.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10167,1007,Claytonia sibirica L.,241,Skagit,25,g73,29,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of plants taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10168,1007,Claytonia sibirica L.,241,Skagit,25,g73,29,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of plants taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10170,1007,Claytonia sibirica L.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,29,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Cold infusion of stems used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10171,1007,Claytonia sibirica L.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,29,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Cold infusion of stems used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10414,1033,Clintonia uniflora (Menzies ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Kunth,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,25,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Juice from smashed plants used as a wash for cuts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
10415,1033,Clintonia uniflora (Menzies ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Kunth,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,25,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Juice from smashed plants used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
10575,1062,Conium maculatum L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,42,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Roots rubbed on woman's body to attract the attention of a man.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10576,1062,Conium maculatum L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,42,2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10578,1062,Conium maculatum L.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,42,2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10846,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,133,Makah,25,g73,43,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
10902,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,81,Green River Group,25,g73,42,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Plant used as a physic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10903,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,81,Green River Group,25,g73,42,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Plant used as an emetic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10904,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,81,Green River Group,25,g73,42,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make disks for gambling games.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10910,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,114,Klallam,25,g73,42,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make disks for gambling games.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10911,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,129,Lummi,25,g73,42,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Decoction of bark taken as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10916,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,210,Quinault,25,g73,42,3,Other,38,Decorations,Charcoal used for tattooing.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10920,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,241,Skagit,25,g73,42,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Dry wood used to make foreshafts of salmon harpoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10921,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,241,Skagit,25,g73,42,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Wood used to make disks for gambling games.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10922,1096,Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray,245,Snohomish,25,g73,42,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Sticks used to pound brake ferns after roasting.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
11136,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,245,Snohomish,25,g73,42,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of bark used for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
11259,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,31,Chehalis,25,g73,27,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Long twigs twisted and used to tie things.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
11260,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,31,Chehalis,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Nuts eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
11261,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,31,Chehalis,25,g73,27,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Nuts eaten during the winter.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
11265,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,27,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Nuts eaten during the winter.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
11269,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,129,Lummi,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Nuts eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
11286,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,241,Skagit,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Nuts cracked with stones and eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
11289,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,243,Skokomish,25,g73,27,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Long twigs twisted and used as rope.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
11290,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,245,Snohomish,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Nuts eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
11291,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,251,Squaxin,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Nuts used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
11292,1112,Corylus cornuta var. californica (A. DC.) Sharp,253,Swinomish,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Nuts eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
12292,1252,Delphinium menziesii DC.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,30,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of stalks and roots applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
12293,1252,Delphinium menziesii DC.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,30,2,Drug,13,Poison,Whole plant considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
12445,1287,Dicentra formosa (Haw.) Walp.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,16,Anthelmintic,Decoction of pounded roots taken as a worm medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
12446,1287,Dicentra formosa (Haw.) Walp.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of crushed plants used as a wash to make hair grow.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
12447,1287,Dicentra formosa (Haw.) Walp.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Raw roots chewed for toothaches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
12701,1338,Dryopteris expansa (K. Presl) Fraser-Jenkins & Jermy,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,Rhizomes pit baked overnight and the insides used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
12704,1338,Dryopteris expansa (K. Presl) Fraser-Jenkins & Jermy,114,Klallam,25,g73,14,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pounded roots applied to cuts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
12705,1338,Dryopteris expansa (K. Presl) Fraser-Jenkins & Jermy,245,Snohomish,25,g73,14,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of leaves used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
13295,1421,Equisetum arvense L.,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,15,1,Food,,,Young shoots used as food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13351,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,15,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Used to polish arrow shafts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13352,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,15,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Stalk tops dried, mashed, mixed with salmon eggs and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13353,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,15,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Decoction of stalks used as a wash for hair infested with vermin.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13371,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,133,Makah,25,g73,15,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Raw shoots chewed for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13397,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,15,2,Drug,134,Sports Medicine,Plant rubbed on swimmers to make them feel strong.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13401,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,15,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,"Decoction taken to regulate menses, informant insisted not an abortive.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13402,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,15,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of roots or root juice used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13403,1422,Equisetum hyemale L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,15,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Used to polish arrow shafts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13507,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,15,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Black roots used for imbrication on coiled baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13508,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,15,1,Food,,,Bulbs eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13509,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,15,1,Food,,,Root stock bulbs cooked and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13513,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,133,Makah,25,g73,15,1,Food,,,Young stems peeled and eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13516,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,209,Quileute,25,g73,15,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Black roots used for imbrication on coiled baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13517,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,209,Quileute,25,g73,15,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used as fodder for horses.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13518,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,209,Quileute,25,g73,15,1,Food,,,Young stems peeled and eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13519,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,210,Quinault,25,g73,15,1,Food,50,Fodder,Used as fodder for horses.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13520,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,210,Quinault,25,g73,15,1,Food,,,Roots eaten with whale or seal oil.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13521,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,210,Quinault,25,g73,15,1,Food,,,Young stems peeled and eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13525,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,15,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Used with dogfish as sandpaper.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13526,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,15,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Black roots used for imbrication on coiled baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13527,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,15,4,Fiber,124,Scouring Material,Used to polish arrow shafts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
13528,1430,Equisetum telmateia Ehrh.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,15,1,Food,,,Bulbs eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 15"
14209,1545,Eriophyllum lanatum (Pursh) Forbes,31,Chehalis,25,g73,49,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Dried flowers used as a love charm.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
14210,1545,Eriophyllum lanatum (Pursh) Forbes,241,Skagit,25,g73,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves rubbed on the face to prevent chapping.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
14782,1621,Fomes sp.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,50,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Used as a target for archery.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
14783,1621,Fomes sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,50,4,Fiber,,,Used to draw pictures on.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
14791,1621,Fomes sp.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,50,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Used as a target for archery.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
14839,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,133,Makah,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh immediately after picking.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14847,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,209,Quileute,25,g73,36,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to burns.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14848,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,209,Quileute,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten after fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14851,1632,Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill.,210,Quinault,25,g73,36,1,Food,47,Special Food,Berries served by young women to their guests at parties.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14863,1635,Fragaria sp.,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14877,1635,Fragaria sp.,165,Nisqually,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14879,1635,Fragaria sp.,208,Puyallup,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14882,1635,Fragaria sp.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,36,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of whole plant taken for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14883,1635,Fragaria sp.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mashed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14927,1638,Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,36,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves used for a beverage.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14928,1638,Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,36,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14929,1638,Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
14936,1638,Fragaria vesca ssp. bracteata (Heller) Staudt,253,Swinomish,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
15037,1631,Fragaria ?ananassa var. cuneifolia (Nutt. ex T.J. Howell) Staudt (pro nm.),31,Chehalis,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
15038,1631,Fragaria ?ananassa var. cuneifolia (Nutt. ex T.J. Howell) Staudt (pro nm.),114,Klallam,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
15041,1631,Fragaria ?ananassa var. cuneifolia (Nutt. ex T.J. Howell) Staudt (pro nm.),251,Squaxin,25,g73,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
15085,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15088,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,81,Green River Group,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15095,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,114,Klallam,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15102,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,129,Lummi,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15104,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,133,Makah,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15106,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,133,Makah,25,g73,40,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh in the summer.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15117,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,209,Quileute,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15120,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,210,Quinault,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15124,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,241,Skagit,25,g73,40,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of inner bark taken for dysentery.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15125,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,241,Skagit,25,g73,40,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Salve of bark ashes and grease rubbed on swellings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15126,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,241,Skagit,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15127,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,241,Skagit,25,g73,40,5,Dye,121,Green,Bark boiled and used as a green dye for mountain-goat wool.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15129,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,251,Squaxin,25,g73,40,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed bark applied or infusion of bark used as a wash for sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15130,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,251,Squaxin,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15131,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,253,Swinomish,25,g73,40,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Bark used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 40"
15225,1658,Fraxinus latifolia Benth.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,45,2,Drug,16,Anthelmintic,Infusion of bark taken for worms.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
15226,1658,Fraxinus latifolia Benth.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,45,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood used to make canoe paddles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
15227,1658,Fraxinus latifolia Benth.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,45,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make digging sticks.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
15465,1682,Galium aparine L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,46,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Infusion of plant used as a bath by women to be successful in love.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 46"
15466,1682,Galium aparine L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,46,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 46"
15524,1691,Galium triflorum Michx.,114,Klallam,25,g73,46,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of smashed plants applied to the hair to make it grow.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 46"
15527,1691,Galium triflorum Michx.,133,Makah,25,g73,46,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of smashed plants applied to the hair to make it grow.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 46"
15535,1691,Galium triflorum Michx.,209,Quileute,25,g73,46,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Plant used by women to attract men.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 46"
15536,1691,Galium triflorum Michx.,210,Quinault,25,g73,46,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of smashed plants applied to the hair to make it grow.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 46"
15636,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,114,Klallam,25,g73,43,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to burns.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15637,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,114,Klallam,25,g73,43,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15643,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,43,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15653,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,43,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,"Leaves dried, pulverized and smoked with kinnikinnick.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15676,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,43,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15677,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,43,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15678,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,43,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries dipped in whale oil and eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15679,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,43,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of leaves taken for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15680,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,43,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Leaves chewed for heartburn and colic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15681,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,43,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15684,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,221,Samish,25,g73,43,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of leaves taken for coughs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15685,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,221,Samish,25,g73,43,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15686,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,221,Samish,25,g73,43,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15687,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,43,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of leaves taken as a convalescent tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15688,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,43,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15692,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,243,Skokomish,25,g73,43,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15693,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,245,Snohomish,25,g73,43,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15694,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,253,Swinomish,25,g73,43,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of leaves taken for coughs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15695,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,253,Swinomish,25,g73,43,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15696,1703,Gaultheria shallon Pursh,253,Swinomish,25,g73,43,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Berries mashed, dried, made into cakes, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15894,1735,Geum macrophyllum Willd.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,37,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Infusion of leaves taken to avoid conception.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
15899,1735,Geum macrophyllum Willd.,114,Klallam,25,g73,37,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Raw leaves chewed during labor.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
15902,1735,Geum macrophyllum Willd.,209,Quileute,25,g73,37,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
15903,1735,Geum macrophyllum Willd.,210,Quinault,25,g73,37,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of smashed leaves applied to cuts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
15904,1735,Geum macrophyllum Willd.,210,Quinault,25,g73,37,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Raw leaves chewed during labor.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
15907,1735,Geum macrophyllum Willd.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,37,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
16088,1763,Goodyera oblongifolia Raf.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,26,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of plants taken as a tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
16853,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,133,Makah,25,g73,42,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,"Large blossom stems twined with sea weed, made into baskets and used by girls for playing.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
16857,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,133,Makah,25,g73,42,1,Food,,,Stems used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
16858,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,133,Makah,25,g73,42,1,Food,,,Young tops eaten raw in the spring.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
16909,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,209,Quileute,25,g73,42,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,"Large blossom stems twined with sea weed, made into baskets and used by girls for playing.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
16910,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,209,Quileute,25,g73,42,1,Food,,,Stems dipped in seal oil and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
16912,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,42,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of warmed leaves applied to sore limbs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
16913,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,42,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of warmed leaves applied to sore limbs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
16914,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,42,1,Food,,,Stems dipped in seal oil and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
17084,1873,Heuchera micrantha Dougl. ex Lindl.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pounded plants rubbed on hair to make it grow or applied to cuts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
17310,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,33,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,"Infusion of seeds taken for smallpox, black measles and chicken pox.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17311,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make roasting tongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17312,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,33,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make shafts and spear prongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17315,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,114,Klallam,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make roasting tongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17316,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,114,Klallam,25,g73,33,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make the prongs of duck spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17319,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Blossoms used for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17320,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of inner bark used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17321,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to sore lips.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17322,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to sore feet.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17323,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make roasting tongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17324,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make the prongs of duck spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17325,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,133,Makah,25,g73,33,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark taken as a tonic by convalescents and athletes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17327,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,133,Makah,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make roasting tongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17328,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,133,Makah,25,g73,33,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make the prongs of duck spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17362,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,241,Skagit,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make roasting tongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17363,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,241,Skagit,25,g73,33,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make the prongs of duck spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17364,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make roasting tongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17365,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,33,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make the prongs of duck spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17366,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,33,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Seeds used as a blood purifier.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17367,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,33,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood used to make canoe paddles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17368,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make roasting tongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17369,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,33,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make the prongs of duck spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17370,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Wood used to make roasting tongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17371,1904,Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,33,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make flounder spears and the prongs of duck spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17540,1935,Hydrophyllum tenuipes Heller,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,45,1,Food,,,Roots broken and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
18366,2042,Juncus effusus L.,246,Snuqualmie,25,g73,23,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Stalks used for tying things.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23"
18367,2042,Juncus effusus L.,246,Snuqualmie,25,g73,23,1,Food,,,Early sprouts eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23"
18375,2044,Juncus ensifolius Wikstr.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,23,1,Food,,,Bulbs used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23"
19036,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,21,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Infusion of roots used as a foot soak for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
19037,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,21,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Decoction of leaves used to disinfect the house.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
19038,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,21,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of leaves used as a wash for all ailments.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
19039,2062,Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,21,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of leaves taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
19809,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,133,Makah,25,g73,43,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of leaves taken as a blood purifier.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
19813,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,133,Makah,25,g73,43,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves steeped and drunk as a beverage tea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
19845,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,210,Quinault,25,g73,43,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
19995,2154,Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of dried flowers and stems used as a wash for chapped hands.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
20113,2162,Leymus mollis ssp. mollis,133,Makah,25,g73,21,2,Drug,,,Bundles of roots used to rub the body after bathing.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
20117,2162,Leymus mollis ssp. mollis,209,Quileute,25,g73,21,2,Drug,,,"Roots braided, tied into bundles and used to rub the body after bathing.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
20118,2162,Leymus mollis ssp. mollis,210,Quinault,25,g73,21,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves placed under drying salal berries.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
20263,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,114,Klallam,25,g73,25,1,Food,,,Corms steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
20264,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,129,Lummi,25,g73,25,1,Food,,,Corms steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
20273,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,209,Quileute,25,g73,25,1,Food,,,Corms steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
20274,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,210,Quinault,25,g73,25,1,Food,,,Corms steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
20275,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,221,Samish,25,g73,25,1,Food,,,Corms steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
20278,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,241,Skagit,25,g73,25,1,Food,,,Corms steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
20280,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,243,Skokomish,25,g73,25,1,Food,,,Corms steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
20281,2184,Lilium columbianum hort. ex Baker,253,Swinomish,25,g73,25,1,Food,,,Corms steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
20391,2202,Linnaea borealis ssp. longiflora (Torr.) Hult‚n,245,Snohomish,25,g73,47,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of leaves taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
21094,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,48,2,Drug,126,Contraceptive,Infusion of leaves taken as a contraceptive.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21095,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,48,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of crushed leaves used as a hair wash to make it grow.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21097,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,114,Klallam,25,g73,48,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to bruises.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21098,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,129,Lummi,25,g73,48,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of leaves taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21102,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,241,Skagit,25,g73,48,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of leaves applied to the body as a strengthening tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21103,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,48,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of leaves taken for womb trouble.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21104,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,48,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of bark or chewed leaf juice taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21105,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,48,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of leaves used as a steambath to stimulate lacteal flow.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21106,2259,Lonicera ciliosa (Pursh) Poir. ex DC.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,48,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of bark taken for colds and sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21183,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,133,Makah,25,g73,48,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Leaves chewed by women during confinement.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21200,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,209,Quileute,25,g73,48,2,Drug,122,Antidote,Leaves chewed as an emetic when poisoned.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21201,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,209,Quileute,25,g73,48,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Leaves chewed as an emetic when poisoned.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21202,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,209,Quileute,25,g73,48,3,Other,26,Paint,Juice used to paint the faces of dolls.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21204,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,210,Quinault,25,g73,48,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Leaves chewed by women during confinement.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
21591,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,22,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of heated blossoms applied to the body for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21592,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,22,1,Food,,,"Blossoms cooked overnight and eaten no more than two or three at a time, otherwise one became sick.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21617,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,114,Klallam,25,g73,22,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of baked roots applied to carbuncles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21618,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,114,Klallam,25,g73,22,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Poultice of leaves applied to parts of the body sore with scrofula.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21634,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Raw root chewed by women to effect an abortion.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21636,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of warmed leaves applied for chest pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21639,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of roots taken as a blood purifier.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21640,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Root chewed to soothe the stomach after taking an emetic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21641,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Poultice of warmed leaves applied for chest pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21643,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,133,Makah,25,g73,22,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used for drying salal berries and to line berry baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21654,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used for headaches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21655,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to cuts and swellings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21656,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Leaves used for fevers.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21657,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of pounded root taken to bring about easy delivery.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21660,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,1,Food,,,Root cooked and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21661,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to wrap salal and elder berries while drying.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21664,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,209,Quileute,25,g73,22,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Leaves placed under canoe bow pieces to make seals easier to catch.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21665,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,210,Quinault,25,g73,22,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Poultice of leaves applied for many ailments.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21666,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,210,Quinault,25,g73,22,2,Drug,80,Urinary Aid,Decoction of roots taken to clean out the bladder.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21668,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,221,Samish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,18,Other,Infusion of roots used as a wash for invalids.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21669,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,221,Samish,25,g73,22,3,Other,32,Containers,Large leaves doubled or rolled and used as cups for drinking or picking berries.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21674,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Leaves used for headaches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21675,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Infusion of roots taken as a physic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21676,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to cuts and swellings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21677,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Leaves used for fevers.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21678,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,243,Skokomish,25,g73,22,1,Food,,,Young leaves steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21679,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,253,Swinomish,25,g73,22,2,Drug,18,Other,Infusion of roots used as a wash for invalids.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21680,2337,Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John,253,Swinomish,25,g73,22,3,Other,32,Containers,Large leaves doubled or rolled and used as cups for drinking or picking berries.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
21824,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,30,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots used to make a yellow dye.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21849,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,221,Samish,25,g73,30,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of roots taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21850,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,221,Samish,25,g73,30,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21858,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,241,Skagit,25,g73,30,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots used to make a yellow dye.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21861,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,30,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots used to make a yellow dye.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21862,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,30,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21863,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,30,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of roots taken to purify the blood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21864,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,30,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of roots used as a gargle for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21865,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,30,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21866,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,30,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Infusion of roots taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21867,2370,Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,30,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21906,2374,Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.,114,Klallam,25,g73,30,5,Dye,,,Roots used to dye basketry material.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21920,2374,Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.,241,Skagit,25,g73,30,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of roots taken for venereal disease.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21921,2374,Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.,241,Skagit,25,g73,30,5,Dye,,,Roots used to dye basketry material.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21922,2374,Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.,241,Skagit,25,g73,30,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe berries formerly used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21923,2374,Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.,241,Skagit,25,g73,30,1,Food,1,Preserves,Ripe berries used to make jam.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
21926,2374,Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,30,5,Dye,,,Roots used to dye basketry material.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22020,2377,Mahonia sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,30,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of bark used as a wash for skin sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22021,2377,Mahonia sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,30,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Infusion of bark used as a wash for mouth sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22022,2377,Mahonia sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,30,5,Dye,,,Roots used to make a dye.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22023,2377,Mahonia sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,30,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries boiled and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22024,2377,Mahonia sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,30,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22025,2377,Mahonia sp.,129,Lummi,25,g73,30,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22026,2377,Mahonia sp.,133,Makah,25,g73,30,5,Dye,,,Roots used to make a dye.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22031,2377,Mahonia sp.,210,Quinault,25,g73,30,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of roots taken for coughs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22032,2377,Mahonia sp.,210,Quinault,25,g73,30,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of roots taken for stomach disorders.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
22052,2379,Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr.,133,Makah,25,g73,25,2,Drug,142,Reproductive Aid,Chewed roots taken to correct sterility.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
22057,2379,Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,25,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of pounded roots used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
22204,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22207,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits cooked, stored in baskets until soft and used for food.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22229,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,114,Klallam,25,g73,38,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of bark used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22234,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,133,Makah,25,g73,38,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of bark taken for dysentery and diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22236,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,133,Makah,25,g73,38,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed bark applied to wounds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22238,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,133,Makah,25,g73,38,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of bark taken for intestinal disorders.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22246,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,133,Makah,25,g73,38,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Soaked leaves chewed for lung trouble.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22251,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,133,Makah,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22268,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,209,Quileute,25,g73,38,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Infusion of bark taken for lung trouble.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22271,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,209,Quileute,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22272,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,209,Quileute,25,g73,38,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make seal spear prongs and as bait lure on sea bass hooks.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22273,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,209,Quileute,25,g73,38,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make mauls for driving stakes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22274,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,210,Quinault,25,g73,38,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Infusion of bark taken for 'soreness inside, for it is throughout the blood.'","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22275,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,210,Quinault,25,g73,38,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,"Infusion of bark taken for 'soreness inside, for it is throughout the blood.'","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22276,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,210,Quinault,25,g73,38,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of bark used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22277,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,210,Quinault,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22282,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,221,Samish,25,g73,38,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of bark used as a wash for cuts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22283,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,221,Samish,25,g73,38,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of bark taken for stomach disorders.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22284,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,221,Samish,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22286,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,38,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of bark used as a wash for cuts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22287,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,38,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of bark taken for stomach disorders.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22288,2391,Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,38,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
22394,2415,Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell,31,Chehalis,25,g73,48,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Salve of root ash and grease applied to scrofula sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
22395,2415,Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell,31,Chehalis,25,g73,48,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Salve of root ash and grease applied to scrofula sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
22405,2415,Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell,251,Squaxin,25,g73,48,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of smashed stalks used as a soak for aching hands.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
22406,2415,Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell,251,Squaxin,25,g73,48,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Infusion of smashed stalks used as a soak for aching hands.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
22407,2415,Marah oreganus (Torr. ex S. Wats.) T.J. Howell,251,Squaxin,25,g73,48,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48"
22797,2444,Mentha sp.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,45,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken as a cold medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
22798,2444,Mentha sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,45,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken as a cold medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
22964,2463,Menziesia ferruginea Sm.,209,Quileute,25,g73,43,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Twigs woven together with cedar bark and used for grills on the bottom of canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
22965,2463,Menziesia ferruginea Sm.,210,Quinault,25,g73,43,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Forked twig waved in the air by a woman to make a man fall in love with her.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
23711,2576,Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr.,133,Makah,25,g73,50,3,Other,32,Containers,Bottle ends used to carry fish oil and molasses.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
23712,2576,Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr.,133,Makah,25,g73,50,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Kelp used as fishing culture for fish line.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
23714,2576,Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr.,133,Makah,25,g73,50,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Plants and stems used by children as beach games.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
23737,2576,Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr.,209,Quileute,25,g73,50,3,Other,32,Containers,Bottle ends used to carry fish oil and molasses.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
23738,2576,Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr.,209,Quileute,25,g73,50,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Kelp used as fishing culture for fish line.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
23739,2576,Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,50,3,Other,32,Containers,Bottle ends used to carry fish oil and molasses.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
23740,2576,Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Post. & Rupr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,50,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Kelp used as fishing culture for fish line.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
24116,2596,Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal,210,Quinault,25,g73,29,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of heated roots applied for pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
24117,2596,Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal,210,Quinault,25,g73,29,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of heated roots applied for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
24210,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,37,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and eaten in the winter.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24211,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24218,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,129,Lummi,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24224,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,210,Quinault,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24226,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,221,Samish,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24228,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,241,Skagit,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24230,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,245,Snohomish,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24231,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,251,Squaxin,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24232,2610,Oemleria cerasiformis (Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) Landon,253,Swinomish,25,g73,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
24237,2611,Oenanthe sarmentosa K. Presl ex DC.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,42,1,Food,,,"Young, tender stems used for food.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
24245,2611,Oenanthe sarmentosa K. Presl ex DC.,133,Makah,25,g73,42,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Pounded roots used as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
24246,2611,Oenanthe sarmentosa K. Presl ex DC.,133,Makah,25,g73,42,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Stalks cut and used as whistles by children.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
24249,2611,Oenanthe sarmentosa K. Presl ex DC.,209,Quileute,25,g73,42,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Stalks cut and used as whistles by children.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
24250,2611,Oenanthe sarmentosa K. Presl ex DC.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,42,1,Food,,,"Young, tender stems used for food.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
24251,2611,Oenanthe sarmentosa K. Presl ex DC.,246,Snuqualmie,25,g73,42,1,Food,,,"Young, tender stems used for food.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
24419,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,41,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Infusion of bark used as wash for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24420,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,41,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24421,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,41,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24447,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,81,Green River Group,25,g73,41,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24448,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,81,Green River Group,25,g73,41,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Dried bark used as a deodorant.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24484,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,114,Klallam,25,g73,41,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Sticks peeled, cut, fastened to bass lines and used as fish lures.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24495,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,129,Lummi,25,g73,41,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Poultice of bark applied to woman's breast to stop an excessive flow of milk.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24496,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,129,Lummi,25,g73,41,3,Other,26,Paint,"Sticks burned, mixed with grease or Vaseline and used as a reddish brown face paint.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24531,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,241,Skagit,25,g73,41,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of bark taken by women to start menstrual flow after childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24532,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,241,Skagit,25,g73,41,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24835,2670,Opuntia sp.,129,Lummi,25,g73,41,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of smashed plants taken to facilitate childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
24952,2692,Osmorhiza berteroi DC.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,41,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Roots chewed and used as powerful love charms.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
25147,2709,Oxalis oregana Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,39,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Fresh juice from plant applied to sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
25148,2709,Oxalis oregana Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,39,1,Food,,,Leaves eaten fresh or cooked.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
25150,2709,Oxalis oregana Nutt.,133,Makah,25,g73,39,2,Drug,18,Other,Decoction of plants taken for 'summer complaint.',"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
25156,2709,Oxalis oregana Nutt.,209,Quileute,25,g73,39,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of wilted leaves applied to boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
25157,2709,Oxalis oregana Nutt.,209,Quileute,25,g73,39,1,Food,,,Leaves eaten by hunters or by those traveling in the woods.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
25158,2709,Oxalis oregana Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,39,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Chewed root juice applied to sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
25159,2709,Oxalis oregana Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,39,1,Food,,,Leaves cooked with grease and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 39"
26203,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,129,Lummi,25,g73,49,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Decoction of roots taken as an emetic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
26206,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,209,Quileute,25,g73,49,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of roots or raw roots eaten as a cough medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
26207,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,210,Quinault,25,g73,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of smashed roots used as a wash for swellings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
26208,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,210,Quinault,25,g73,49,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of smashed roots used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
26209,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,210,Quinault,25,g73,49,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to cover berries cooking in pits.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
26211,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,241,Skagit,25,g73,49,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of warmed leaves applied to parts afflicted with rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
26212,2842,Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (Ait.) Cronq.,241,Skagit,25,g73,49,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of roots taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
26375,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,31,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Wood used to make combs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
26380,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,31,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Wood used to make combs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
26381,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,31,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used for netting shuttles and knitting needles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
26401,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make arrowshafts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
26402,2875,Philadelphus lewisii Pursh,245,Snohomish,25,g73,31,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Soapy lather from bruised leaves rubbed on sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
26648,2908,Phyllospadix scouleri Hook.,133,Makah,25,g73,21,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw in the spring.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
26649,2908,Phyllospadix scouleri Hook.,209,Quileute,25,g73,21,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Grass used by boys as arrow target practice.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
26762,2927,Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze,81,Green River Group,25,g73,33,2,Drug,40,Emetic,"Young shoots, peeled of bark, used as an emetic.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
27222,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of plants used to 'take out bad blood.',"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27223,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Compound poultice of ashes applied to infant's navel.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27225,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Compound poultice of ashes applied to infant's navel.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27226,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,Decoction of plants used as a strengthening bath.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27227,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,1,Food,85,Candy,Pitch chewed as gum for pleasure.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27230,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,1,Food,,,Young shoots eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27232,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Warmed pitch used to protect the harpoon point.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27252,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,209,Quileute,25,g73,17,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used for basketry.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27254,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,209,Quileute,25,g73,17,4,Fiber,94,Caulking Material,Pitch used for caulking canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27255,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,209,Quileute,25,g73,17,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Roots used for rain hats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27257,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,209,Quileute,25,g73,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Roots used to tie the tines of salmon spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27258,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,209,Quileute,25,g73,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Saplings used for the spring poles of snares for deer, elk and other game animals.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27260,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of gum applied to cuts and wounds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27261,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of inner bark taken for throat problems.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27262,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,4,Fiber,94,Caulking Material,Pitch used for caulking canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27263,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,1,Food,85,Candy,Pitch chewed as gum for pleasure.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27264,2938,Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Roots used to tie the tines of salmon spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27449,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pitch applied to open sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27450,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Buds chewed for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
27901,2966,Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don,129,Lummi,25,g73,16,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
27910,2966,Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,16,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of bark taken to purify the blood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
27911,2966,Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,16,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of bark taken for stomach disorders.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
27917,2966,Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don,241,Skagit,25,g73,16,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Decoction of young shoots used as a soak for rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
27918,2966,Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don,241,Skagit,25,g73,16,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of bark used for cuts and sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
27919,2966,Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don,241,Skagit,25,g73,16,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
27920,2966,Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don,241,Skagit,25,g73,16,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Used rarely to make light dugouts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
29030,3080,Polypodium virginianum L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,13,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Infusion of crushed stems taken for the measles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29032,3080,Polypodium virginianum L.,81,Green River Group,25,g73,13,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Baked or raw roots used as a cough medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29034,3080,Polypodium virginianum L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,13,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Baked or raw roots used as a cough medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29035,3080,Polypodium virginianum L.,133,Makah,25,g73,13,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Peeled stems chewed for coughs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29039,3080,Polypodium virginianum L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,13,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Baked or raw roots used as a cough medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29095,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,31,Chehalis,25,g73,13,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to line pits when baking camas.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29099,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,13,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of stems used as a wash for sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29100,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,13,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Leaves tied with maple bark and used for mattresses.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29101,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,13,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to line pits when baking camas or wapatoo.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29107,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,114,Klallam,25,g73,13,1,Food,,,Rhizomes boiled and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29108,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,114,Klallam,25,g73,13,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Leaves pulled off the plants by children playing an endurance game.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29114,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,129,Lummi,25,g73,13,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Leaves chewed by women to facilitate childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29116,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,133,Makah,25,g73,13,1,Food,,,Rhizomes boiled and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29119,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,133,Makah,25,g73,13,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to line pits when steaming sprouts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29122,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,133,Makah,25,g73,13,3,Other,24,Toys & Games,Leaves pulled off the plants by children playing an endurance game.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29137,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,209,Quileute,25,g73,13,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to sores and boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29138,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,209,Quileute,25,g73,13,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Leaves used for mattresses.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29139,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,209,Quileute,25,g73,13,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes peeled, pit baked and eaten with fresh or dried salmon eggs.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29140,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,209,Quileute,25,g73,13,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to line pits when baking camas.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29141,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,210,Quinault,25,g73,13,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of spore sacs from the leaves applied to burns.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29142,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,210,Quinault,25,g73,13,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of roots used as a wash for dandruff.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29143,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,210,Quinault,25,g73,13,1,Food,,,Rhizomes pit baked on hot rocks and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29144,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,210,Quinault,25,g73,13,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to line pits when baking rhizomes or camas.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29148,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,251,Squaxin,25,g73,13,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves spread on racks for berries to dry.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29149,3085,Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl,253,Swinomish,25,g73,13,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Raw plant chewed and eaten for sore throats or tonsillitis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13"
29295,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,114,Klallam,25,g73,26,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of buds used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29326,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,210,Quinault,25,g73,26,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gum of burls applied as an antiseptic to cuts and wounds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29327,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,210,Quinault,25,g73,26,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Gum of burls applied as an antiseptic to cuts and wounds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29328,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,210,Quinault,25,g73,26,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29329,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,210,Quinault,25,g73,26,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark used for house coverings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29334,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,251,Squaxin,25,g73,26,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of bruised leaves used as an antiseptic for cuts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29335,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,251,Squaxin,25,g73,26,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Infusion of bruised leaves applied as an antiseptic for cuts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29336,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,251,Squaxin,25,g73,26,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of bark used as a gargle for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29337,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,251,Squaxin,25,g73,26,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Young shoots used to make sweat lodges.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29338,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,251,Squaxin,25,g73,26,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Young shoots used as lashings or tying thongs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
29917,3149,Prosartes hookeri var. oregana (S. Wats.) Kartesz,114,Klallam,25,g73,25,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
29918,3149,Prosartes hookeri var. oregana (S. Wats.) Kartesz,133,Makah,25,g73,25,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Plant used as a love medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
29921,3150,Prosartes smithii (Hook.) Utech,133,Makah,25,g73,25,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Plant used as a love medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
30217,3159,Prunella vulgaris L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,45,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
30218,3159,Prunella vulgaris L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,45,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant juice rubbed on boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
30374,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,129,Lummi,25,g73,37,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Bark chewed to facilitate childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
30375,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,129,Lummi,25,g73,37,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of rotten wood taken as a contraceptive.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
30393,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,37,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of rotten wood taken as a contraceptive.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
30394,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,37,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Decoction of bark taken as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
30395,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,210,Quinault,25,g73,37,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Bark used to tie the prongs of fish spears.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
30406,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,241,Skagit,25,g73,37,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
30407,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,241,Skagit,25,g73,37,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of rotten wood taken as a contraceptive.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
30408,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,37,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
30409,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,37,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of rotten wood taken as a contraceptive.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
30410,3166,Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,37,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used in the imbricated designs of baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 37"
31257,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31258,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Warmed cones used as charms to stop the rain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31259,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make salmon spears and harpoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31260,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,19,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of plant taken as a cold medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31261,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,19,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pitch applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31262,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,19,1,Food,85,Candy,Pitch chewed as a gum.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31263,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31264,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,19,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Cones placed near the fire and used as charms to bring sunshine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31265,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make salmon spears and harpoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31266,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,81,Green River Group,25,g73,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31267,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,81,Green River Group,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make salmon spears and harpoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31279,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,114,Klallam,25,g73,19,1,Food,85,Candy,Pitch chewed as a gum.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31280,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,114,Klallam,25,g73,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31281,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,114,Klallam,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make salmon spears and harpoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31282,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,129,Lummi,25,g73,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31283,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,129,Lummi,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make salmon spears and harpoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31302,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pitch applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31303,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,1,Food,85,Candy,Pitch chewed as a gum.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31304,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31305,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Used to make shafts for harpoons, salmon spears and handles of dip nets.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31306,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,241,Skagit,25,g73,19,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pitch applied to sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31307,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,241,Skagit,25,g73,19,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Decoction of bark used as an antiseptic for infections.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31308,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,241,Skagit,25,g73,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31309,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,241,Skagit,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make salmon spears and harpoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31310,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,251,Squaxin,25,g73,19,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of plant taken as a cold medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31311,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,253,Swinomish,25,g73,19,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of needles applied as poultice to the chest to draw out the pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31312,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,253,Swinomish,25,g73,19,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of root bark taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31313,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,253,Swinomish,25,g73,19,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Bud tips chewed for mouth sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31314,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,253,Swinomish,25,g73,19,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Bud tips chewed for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31315,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,253,Swinomish,25,g73,19,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of needles taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31316,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,253,Swinomish,25,g73,19,5,Dye,150,Brown,Bark boiled and used on fish nets as a light brown dye to make them invisible to the fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31317,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,253,Swinomish,25,g73,19,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31318,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,253,Swinomish,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make salmon spears and harpoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
31516,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,31,Chehalis,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31517,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31518,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,Young plant tops eaten raw.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31519,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,81,Green River Group,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31523,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,114,Klallam,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31524,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,129,Lummi,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31527,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,133,Makah,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31529,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,133,Makah,25,g73,14,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves placed beneath fish being cleaned and used to wipe the fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31535,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,209,Quileute,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31536,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,209,Quileute,25,g73,14,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves placed beneath fish being cleaned and used to wipe the fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31537,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,210,Quinault,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31538,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,241,Skagit,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31539,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,243,Skokomish,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31540,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,245,Snohomish,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31541,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,251,Squaxin,25,g73,14,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Leaves used for camp bedding.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31542,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,251,Squaxin,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31543,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,251,Squaxin,25,g73,14,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves placed beneath fish being cleaned and used to wipe the fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31544,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,253,Swinomish,25,g73,14,1,Food,,,"Rhizomes roasted, peeled and the starchy centers eaten.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
31545,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,253,Swinomish,25,g73,14,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves placed beneath fish being cleaned and used to wipe the fish.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 14"
32122,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Acorns roasted and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
32123,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,27,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
32124,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,27,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Wood used to make combs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
32125,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Acorns buried in the mud for leaching and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
32126,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,27,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used as a fuel.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
32127,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,27,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make digging sticks.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
32133,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,165,Nisqually,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Acorns used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
32147,3265,Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,27,1,Food,,,Acorns roasted on hot rocks and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
32676,3306,Ranunculus flammula var. filiformis (Michx.) Hook.,133,Makah,25,g73,29,1,Food,,,"Roots cooked on hot rocks, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten with dried salmon eggs.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
32677,3306,Ranunculus flammula var. filiformis (Michx.) Hook.,209,Quileute,25,g73,29,1,Food,,,"Roots cooked on hot rocks, dipped in whale or seal oil and eaten with dried salmon eggs.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
32726,3319,Ranunculus sp.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,30,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Roots eaten as winter food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30"
32842,3337,Rhododendron albiflorum Hook.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,43,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of buds taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
32843,3337,Rhododendron albiflorum Hook.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,43,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed buds applied to cuts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
32844,3337,Rhododendron albiflorum Hook.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,43,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Chewed buds eaten for an ulcerated stomach.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
32845,3337,Rhododendron albiflorum Hook.,243,Skokomish,25,g73,43,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of buds taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
33384,3361,Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook.,133,Makah,25,g73,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33390,3361,Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook.,209,Quileute,25,g73,32,3,Other,32,Containers,Large leaves used to line and cover hemlock bark containers.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33391,3361,Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook.,209,Quileute,25,g73,32,3,Other,17,Tools,Pithless stems used as tubes to inflate seal paunches made into oil containers.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33474,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,32,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Burned stems rubbed on neck sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33475,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,32,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Green berries dried and stored for winter use.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33476,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Green berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33482,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,114,Klallam,25,g73,32,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of bark used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33483,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,133,Makah,25,g73,32,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of bark used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33489,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,210,Quinault,25,g73,32,1,Food,83,Preservative,Berries mixed with elderberries and buried with them for preservation.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33498,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,32,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of roots taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33499,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,32,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of roots taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33500,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,32,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of roots taken for venereal disease.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33501,3368,Ribes divaricatum Dougl.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33558,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,129,Lummi,25,g73,32,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of twigs taken for general body aches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33573,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,241,Skagit,25,g73,32,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of bark used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33574,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,241,Skagit,25,g73,32,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of bark taken during childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33577,3375,Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,32,2,Drug,13,Poison,Thorns considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33593,3376,Ribes laxiflorum Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,32,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of leaves and twigs taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33594,3376,Ribes laxiflorum Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33595,3376,Ribes laxiflorum Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33599,3376,Ribes laxiflorum Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,32,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark taken as a cold medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33600,3376,Ribes laxiflorum Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33603,3376,Ribes laxiflorum Pursh,243,Skokomish,25,g73,32,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of bark and roots taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33703,3394,Ribes sanguineum Pursh,31,Chehalis,25,g73,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten by children.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
33715,3394,Ribes sanguineum Pursh,251,Squaxin,25,g73,32,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten by children.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 32"
34038,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,31,Chehalis,25,g73,34,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark taken by women to ease labor pains in childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34039,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,31,Chehalis,25,g73,34,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of bark taken by women to ease labor pains in childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34042,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,34,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of leaves used as a wash to strengthen babies.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34043,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,34,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,Decoction of leaves used as a wash to strengthen babies.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34048,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,129,Lummi,25,g73,34,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Twigs peeled, boiled and used as a beverage.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34049,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,129,Lummi,25,g73,34,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Hips dried and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34065,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,209,Quileute,25,g73,34,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of haw ashes applied to 'swellings.',"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34066,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,210,Quinault,25,g73,34,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of twig ashes and skunk oil applied to syphilitic sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34067,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,210,Quinault,25,g73,34,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Poultice of twig ashes and skunk oil applied to syphilitic sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34068,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,210,Quinault,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Hips used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34076,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,241,Skagit,25,g73,34,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of roots used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34077,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,241,Skagit,25,g73,34,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of roots taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34078,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,241,Skagit,25,g73,34,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves used to make tea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34079,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,241,Skagit,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Hips mixed with dried salmon eggs and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34083,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,243,Skokomish,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Hips eaten in the fall.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34084,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,245,Snohomish,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Hips used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34085,3427,Rosa nutkana K. Presl,253,Swinomish,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Hips used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34123,3431,Rosa pisocarpa Gray,245,Snohomish,25,g73,34,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of roots taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34124,3431,Rosa pisocarpa Gray,251,Squaxin,25,g73,34,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of bark taken after childbirth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34125,3431,Rosa pisocarpa Gray,251,Squaxin,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Hips eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34598,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,35,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries sun or fire dried and stored for winter use.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34599,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34601,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,81,Green River Group,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34609,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,114,Klallam,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34612,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,114,Klallam,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts and young leaves eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34622,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,165,Nisqually,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34636,3457,Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray,208,Puyallup,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34785,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34787,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,34,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of dried leaves applied to burns.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34788,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34789,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,34,3,Other,106,Soap,Bark boiled and used for soap.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34806,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,114,Klallam,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Sprouts eaten in early spring.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34817,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,133,Makah,25,g73,34,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of leaves taken for anemia and to strengthen the blood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34821,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,133,Makah,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Sprouts eaten in early spring.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34841,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,209,Quileute,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34845,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,209,Quileute,25,g73,34,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used to wrap cooked elderberries for storage.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34846,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34847,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,34,3,Other,32,Containers,Leaves used with skunk cabbage leaves to line baskets in preserving elderberries.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34853,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,221,Samish,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34854,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,221,Samish,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Sprouts eaten in early spring with half-dried salmon eggs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34858,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,241,Skagit,25,g73,34,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaf ashes and grease applied to swellings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34859,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,241,Skagit,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34860,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,241,Skagit,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Sprouts eaten in early spring.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34863,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34864,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,34,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Berries dried, stored in soft or hard baskets and used for food.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34865,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with blackberries and eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34866,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,34,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34867,3463,Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,34,1,Food,,,Sprouts eaten in early spring with half-dried salmon eggs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 34"
34935,3469,Rubus sp.,114,Klallam,25,g73,36,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Roots used for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 36"
34954,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,31,Chehalis,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34955,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,31,Chehalis,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34956,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34957,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,37,"Chinook, Lower",25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34959,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34960,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34961,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,81,Green River Group,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34962,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,81,Green River Group,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34987,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34988,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34989,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of bark applied to wounds for the pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34990,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,35,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of bark applied to wounds for the pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34991,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,35,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Poultice of bark applied to aching tooth.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34992,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
34995,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35014,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,35,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of chewed leaves or bark applied to burns.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35015,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35018,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35021,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,35,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood made into a plug stopper for seal hair floats used for whaling.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35022,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,35,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of bark taken to lessen labor pains.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35023,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,35,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,"Decoction of bark used to clean infected wounds, especially burns.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35024,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,35,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Decoction of bark used to clean infected wounds, especially burns.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35025,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,35,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,"Decoction of bark used to clean infected wounds, especially burns.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35026,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,35,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of bark taken to lessen labor pains.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35027,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35028,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,210,Quinault,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35033,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,251,Squaxin,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35034,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,251,Squaxin,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35035,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,253,Swinomish,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35036,3470,Rubus spectabilis Pursh,253,Swinomish,25,g73,35,1,Food,,,Sprouts cooked in a pit and eaten with dried salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35083,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,35,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35084,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35092,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,209,Quileute,25,g73,35,1,Food,27,Beverage,Fresh or dried vines and leaves used to make a beverage tea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35093,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,209,Quileute,25,g73,35,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35094,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,209,Quileute,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35098,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,241,Skagit,25,g73,35,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of leaves taken for stomach trouble.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35099,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,241,Skagit,25,g73,35,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35100,3473,Rubus ursinus ssp. macropetalus (Dougl. ex Hook.) Taylor & MacBryde,241,Skagit,25,g73,35,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 35"
35165,3480,Rumex acetosella L.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,29,1,Food,,,Leaves eaten raw or boiled.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
35178,3480,Rumex acetosella L.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,29,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Raw leaves eaten for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
35482,3495,Rumex sp.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,29,1,Food,,,Green stalks of large plants cooked over maple and cedar limbs on hot rocks and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
35483,3495,Rumex sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,29,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of stalks used as an antiseptic wash for leg sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
35484,3495,Rumex sp.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,29,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Decoction of stalks used as an antiseptic wash for leg sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
35861,3531,Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook.,133,Makah,25,g73,27,2,Drug,122,Antidote,Leaves used as an antidote for shell-fish poisoning.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
35862,3531,Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook.,133,Makah,25,g73,27,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of roots used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27"
35867,3531,Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook.,209,Quileute,25,g73,26,2,Drug,134,Sports Medicine,Roots rubbed on bodies of athletes in training.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
35868,3531,Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook.,209,Quileute,25,g73,26,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used extensively for basketry.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
35869,3531,Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook.,209,Quileute,25,g73,26,1,Food,86,Spice,Leaves put in cooking baskets and used as a food flavoring.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
35870,3531,Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook.,209,Quileute,25,g73,26,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Young trees used for fish weir poles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
35961,3539,Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,26,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Inner bark twisted and made into two-ply strings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
35962,3539,Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,26,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make drills for fire drills.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
36099,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,114,Klallam,25,g73,26,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of peeled bark taken as a tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
36100,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,114,Klallam,25,g73,26,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,"Bark peeled, twisted and used to make string.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
36104,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,210,Quinault,25,g73,26,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark used to make lines for tumplines and slings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
36105,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,210,Quinault,25,g73,26,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Bark used to make the harpoon lines in sea-lion hunting gear.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
36106,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,241,Skagit,25,g73,26,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of peeled bark taken as a tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
36107,3550,Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,26,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark used to make a two-ply string.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
36203,3551,Salix sp.,114,Klallam,25,g73,26,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of bark taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
36204,3551,Salix sp.,114,Klallam,25,g73,26,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
36497,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,31,Chehalis,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36509,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,81,Green River Group,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36530,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,114,Klallam,25,g73,47,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of bark taken for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36532,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,114,Klallam,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36538,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,129,Lummi,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36585,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,210,Quinault,25,g73,47,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Infusion of bark taken as an emetic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36586,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,210,Quinault,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36587,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,210,Quinault,25,g73,47,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Plugs inserted into pithless stems and used as whistles for calling elk.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36590,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,241,Skagit,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36593,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,243,Skokomish,25,g73,47,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36594,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,251,Squaxin,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36595,3565,Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea (Raf.) R. Bolli,253,Swinomish,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36859,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,31,Chehalis,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36860,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,47,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of leaves or bark applied to sore joints for the swelling.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36861,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36862,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,81,Green River Group,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36885,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,114,Klallam,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36888,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,133,Makah,25,g73,47,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pounded leaves applied to an abscess or boil.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36889,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,133,Makah,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36907,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,209,Quileute,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36908,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,210,Quinault,25,g73,47,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of bark applied to breast after childbirth to start milk flow.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36909,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,210,Quinault,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36910,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,241,Skagit,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36913,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,243,Skokomish,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36914,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,245,Snohomish,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36915,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,251,Squaxin,25,g73,47,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Infusion of leaves used as a wash on area infected with blood poisoning.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36916,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,251,Squaxin,25,g73,47,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Infusion of leaves used as a wash on area infected with blood poisoning.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36917,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,251,Squaxin,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
36918,3569,Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa,253,Swinomish,25,g73,47,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Berries steamed on rocks, cooled and eaten in the winter.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
37376,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,114,Klallam,25,g73,22,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Used to make mats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
37383,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,133,Makah,25,g73,22,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Used to make mats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
37421,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,245,Snohomish,25,g73,22,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Used to make mats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22"
37627,3635,Sedum sp.,133,Makah,25,g73,31,1,Food,112,Substitution Food,Plant used on journeys in place of unsafe water.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
37854,3658,Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.,133,Makah,25,g73,41,1,Food,41,Dessert,Berries whipped into a froth and used as dessert at feasts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
38694,3783,Sphagnum sp.,36,Chinook,25,g73,50,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Used by women for sanitary napkins.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
38695,3783,Sphagnum sp.,36,Chinook,25,g73,50,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Used for bedding in camp.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 50"
38732,3792,Spiraea douglasii Hook.,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of seeds taken for diarrhea.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
38733,3792,Spiraea douglasii Hook.,129,Lummi,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Used for spreading and cooking salmon.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
38736,3793,Spiraea douglasii var. menziesii (Hook.) K. Presl,210,Quinault,25,g73,33,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Stems peeled and used to string clams for roasting.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
38812,3814,Stachys mexicana Benth.,81,Green River Group,25,g73,45,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
38815,3814,Stachys mexicana Benth.,133,Makah,25,g73,45,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Plants used to cover steaming sprouts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
38816,3814,Stachys mexicana Benth.,208,Puyallup,25,g73,45,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used for boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
38817,3814,Stachys mexicana Benth.,210,Quinault,25,g73,45,1,Food,,,Honey sucked out of the blossoms and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
38818,3814,Stachys mexicana Benth.,210,Quinault,25,g73,45,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Plants used to cover steaming sprouts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
38962,3839,Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC.,133,Makah,25,g73,25,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Chewed roots taken to produce labor in case of protracted delay.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
39035,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,31,Chehalis,25,g73,47,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Berries used for the hair.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39036,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,31,Chehalis,25,g73,47,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied or infusion of leaves used as a wash for injuries.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39037,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,31,Chehalis,25,g73,47,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of root bark taken for venereal disease.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39052,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,81,Green River Group,25,g73,47,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant used to disinfect a festering sore.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39053,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,81,Green River Group,25,g73,47,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Plant used to disinfect a festering sore.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39055,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,114,Klallam,25,g73,47,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of leaves taken for colds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39091,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,241,Skagit,25,g73,47,2,Drug,122,Antidote,Berries eaten as an antidote for poisoning.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39092,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,241,Skagit,25,g73,47,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Infusion of plant given to babies with coated tongues.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39093,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,241,Skagit,25,g73,47,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Infusion of plant given to babies with coated tongues.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39094,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,241,Skagit,25,g73,47,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Bark used for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39095,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,251,Squaxin,25,g73,47,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Berries dried and used for food.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 47"
39447,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,16,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,Infusion of crushed leaves used as a wash to cause perspiring.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39448,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,16,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of crushed leaves used as a wash to improve general health.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39449,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,16,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows and arrows.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39456,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,16,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of ground leaves applied to wounds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39457,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,16,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Used to make combs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39458,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,16,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Used to make drum frames.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39459,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,16,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make wedges for splitting logs and digging sticks for roots and clams.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39493,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,114,Klallam,25,g73,16,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for internal injury or pain.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39494,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,114,Klallam,25,g73,16,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows and arrows.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39495,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,114,Klallam,25,g73,16,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,"Needles dried, pulverized and used in place of tobacco for smoking.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39503,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,133,Makah,25,g73,16,3,Other,32,Containers,Used to make trinket boxes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39504,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,133,Makah,25,g73,16,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Used to make spoons and dishes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39505,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,133,Makah,25,g73,16,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Wood used to make bows, arrows and whale harpoon shafts.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39538,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,16,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed leaves applied to wounds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39539,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,16,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of dried bark taken as lung medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39540,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,16,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Used to make combs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39541,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,16,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Used to make canoe bailers.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39542,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,16,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Used to make spoons.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39543,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,16,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Wood used to make bows, arrows, all harpoon shafts, clubs and dip net frameworks.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39544,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,210,Quinault,25,g73,16,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make digging sticks for roots and clams.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39551,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,221,Samish,25,g73,16,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Wood used to make bows, arrows, all harpoon shafts, clubs and dip net frameworks.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39552,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,221,Samish,25,g73,16,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,"Needles dried, pulverized and used in place of tobacco for smoking.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39553,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,221,Samish,25,g73,16,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make wedges for splitting logs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39555,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,16,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make bows and arrows.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39556,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,16,2,Drug,128,Strengthener,Smooth twigs of plant rubbed on the body to gain strength.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39557,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,16,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,"Wood used to make bows, arrows, all harpoon shafts, clubs and dip net frameworks.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39558,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,16,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,"Needles dried, pulverized and used in place of tobacco for smoking.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39559,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,16,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make wedges for splitting logs and digging sticks for roots and clams.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39560,3902,Taxus brevifolia Nutt.,253,Swinomish,25,g73,16,3,Other,98,Weapon,Used to make war clubs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 16"
39606,3907,Tellima grandiflora (Pursh) Dougl. ex Lindl.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,209,Dietary Aid,Decoction of pounded plants taken to restore the appetite.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
39607,3907,Tellima grandiflora (Pursh) Dougl. ex Lindl.,241,Skagit,25,g73,31,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Decoction of pounded plants taken for any kind of sickness.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
39944,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Chewed bark or decoction of bark taken to induce menstruation.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
39945,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,"Bark coarsely shredded and plaited into skirts, capes and dresses for women.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
39946,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,31,Chehalis,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Bark finely shredded and used as padding for infants' cradles, sanitary pads and towels.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
39955,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,19,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of plant tips and roots taken as a cold medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
39956,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,19,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Buds chewed for toothaches.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
39957,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,19,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,"Bark used to line cooking pits or cut in broad strips, plaited and used for dishes.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40036,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,114,Klallam,25,g73,19,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of branches taken as a tuberculosis medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40076,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,129,Lummi,25,g73,19,2,Drug,103,Antiemetic,Tips chewed by men to avoid nausea while burying a corpse.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40077,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,129,Lummi,25,g73,19,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Chewed buds taken for sore lungs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40078,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,129,Lummi,25,g73,19,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Singed limbs used as brooms to sweep off the walls of a house after removal of a corpse.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40084,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,133,Makah,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Used to make the lining and head bands of rain hats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40085,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,133,Makah,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Bark cut into narrow strips and woven into mats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40090,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,133,Makah,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Limbs used for towing dead whales out of the water.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40091,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,133,Makah,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make arrow shafts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40197,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,209,Quileute,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Used to make the lining and head bands of rain hats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40201,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,209,Quileute,25,g73,19,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark cut into strips and used for storage of string dried clams and smelts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40203,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,209,Quileute,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Limbs used for towing dead whales out of the water.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40205,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,209,Quileute,25,g73,19,3,Other,146,Musical Instrument,Small limbs strung with pecten shells and used as dance rattles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40206,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,209,Quileute,25,g73,19,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make the spindle for spinning mountain-goat wool.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40207,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of twigs used as a wash for venereal disease sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40208,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of seeds and twigs taken for fevers.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40209,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of bark and twigs taken for kidney trouble.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40210,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of twigs used as a wash for venereal disease sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40211,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Limbs used for openwork baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40212,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Used to make the lining and head bands of rain hats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40213,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Roots used to sew the corners of wooden boxes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40214,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Limbs used for towing dead whales out of the water.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40215,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,210,Quinault,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Limbs used for weaving with vine maple sticks to make fish weirs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40245,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,241,Skagit,25,g73,19,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of leaves taken for coughs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40246,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,241,Skagit,25,g73,19,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Limbs burned at night and waved through the houses after a death to scare off the ghosts.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40247,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,243,Skokomish,25,g73,19,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Decoction of buds used as a gargle.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40248,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,246,Snuqualmie,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Limbs used to tie the poles of summer houses together.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40249,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,251,Squaxin,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Limbs used for openwork baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40250,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,251,Squaxin,25,g73,19,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used to make coiled and imbricated basketry.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40251,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,251,Squaxin,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Limbs used for weaving with vine maple sticks to make fish weirs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40252,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,251,Squaxin,25,g73,19,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make herring rakes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19"
40317,3958,Tiarella trifoliata L.,209,Quileute,25,g73,31,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Raw leaves chewed as a cough medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
40404,3965,Tolmiea menziesii (Pursh) Torr. & Gray,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,31,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of fresh leaves applied to boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
40405,3965,Tolmiea menziesii (Pursh) Torr. & Gray,133,Makah,25,g73,31,1,Food,,,Sprouts eaten raw in early spring.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 31"
40586,3999,Trientalis borealis ssp. latifolia (Hook.) Hult‚n,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,45,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of plant juice used as an eyewash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 45"
40669,4016,Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm.,133,Makah,25,g73,38,1,Food,,,Roots steamed and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38"
40711,4021,Trillium ovatum Pursh,129,Lummi,25,g73,25,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Juice from smashed plants used as drops for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
40712,4021,Trillium ovatum Pursh,133,Makah,25,g73,25,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Poultice of pounded bulbs applied as a love medicine.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
40715,4021,Trillium ovatum Pursh,209,Quileute,25,g73,25,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of scraped bulbs applied to boils.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
40716,4021,Trillium ovatum Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,25,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of roots used as a wash for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
40717,4021,Trillium ovatum Pursh,241,Skagit,25,g73,25,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25"
40943,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,17,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Decoction of pounded bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
40944,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,17,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Decoction of pounded bark taken for syphilis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
40945,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,17,5,Dye,,,Inner bark made into a dye and used on fish nets to make them invisible to fish and attract them.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
40946,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,17,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used extensively for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
40951,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,17,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Infusion of bark taken for hemorrhage.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
40952,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plants used as wash for skin sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
40953,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pitch used to prevent chapping.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
40954,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,17,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of plants used as wash for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
40955,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,17,1,Food,86,Spice,Branch tips used to flavor cooking bear meat.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41004,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,114,Klallam,25,g73,17,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Compound infusion of bark taken for hemorrhage.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41005,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,114,Klallam,25,g73,17,2,Drug,232,Dietary Aid,Infusion of plant tips taken to stimulate appetite.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41006,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,114,Klallam,25,g73,17,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of plant tips taken for tuberculosis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41007,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,114,Klallam,25,g73,17,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,Bark boiled and used as a red-brown dye.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41008,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,114,Klallam,25,g73,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Saplings used as stanchions of fish traps strung across a stream.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41024,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,129,Lummi,25,g73,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Young trees used as poles for large dip nets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41026,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pitch used to prevent sunburn.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41027,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of bark applied to obstinate sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41028,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Poultice of plant applied to bleeding wounds.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41029,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,2,Drug,110,Internal Medicine,Decoction of plant taken for internal injury.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41030,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,5,Dye,127,Red-Brown,"Inner bark pounded, boiled and used as a red-brown dye.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41032,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Boughs immersed in the water and used to collect herring eggs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41033,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,133,Makah,25,g73,17,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Compound of powdered bark and oil or pitch used on the hair to remove vermin.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41061,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,209,Quileute,25,g73,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of chewed plants applied to swellings.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41064,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,209,Quileute,25,g73,17,3,Other,154,Waterproofing Agent,"Bark finely chopped, boiled and the juice applied to baskets to make them water tight.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41065,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Poultice of pitch and ground bark applied to child's chest for a cold.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41066,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of plants taken as a laxative.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41067,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Poultice of pitch and ground bark applied to child's chest for a cold.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41068,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Boughs used as shelters for hunters.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41069,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Young trees used for poling canoes upstream.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41070,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used extensively for firewood.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41071,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Young trees used as walkways on top of fish weirs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41072,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,210,Quinault,25,g73,17,3,Other,26,Paint,Bark mashed with salmon eggs to make a yellow-orange paint for dip nets and paddles.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41076,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,241,Skagit,25,g73,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of plants used as wash for skin sores.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41077,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,241,Skagit,25,g73,17,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of plants used as wash for sore eyes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41078,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,241,Skagit,25,g73,17,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of bark taken for sore throats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41079,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,241,Skagit,25,g73,17,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Young trees used for poling canoes upstream.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41080,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,241,Skagit,25,g73,17,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Young trees used in fish trap construction.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41081,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,17,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark used as a dye for baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41082,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,17,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Young trees used for poling canoes upstream.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 17"
41191,4049,Typha latifolia L.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make light-weight baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41192,4049,Typha latifolia L.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for raincoats and capes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41193,4049,Typha latifolia L.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for kneeling pads in canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41194,4049,Typha latifolia L.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Fruiting stalks used to make mats for hangings, screens, mattresses and coverings.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41195,4049,Typha latifolia L.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,21,1,Food,,,Roots and inner stalks baked in ashes and eaten.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41196,4049,Typha latifolia L.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,21,3,Other,38,Decorations,Leaf edges used to make imbrications on coiled baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41209,4049,Typha latifolia L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make light-weight baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41210,4049,Typha latifolia L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for raincoats and capes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41211,4049,Typha latifolia L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for kneeling pads in canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41212,4049,Typha latifolia L.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Fruiting stalks used to make mats for hangings, screens, mattresses and coverings.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41240,4049,Typha latifolia L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make light-weight baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41241,4049,Typha latifolia L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for raincoats and capes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41242,4049,Typha latifolia L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for kneeling pads in canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41243,4049,Typha latifolia L.,114,Klallam,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Fruiting stalks used to make mats for hangings, screens, mattresses and coverings.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41255,4049,Typha latifolia L.,133,Makah,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make light-weight baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41256,4049,Typha latifolia L.,133,Makah,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for raincoats and capes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41257,4049,Typha latifolia L.,133,Makah,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for kneeling pads in canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41258,4049,Typha latifolia L.,133,Makah,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Fruiting stalks used to make mats for hangings, screens and mattresses.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41365,4049,Typha latifolia L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make light-weight baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41366,4049,Typha latifolia L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for raincoats and capes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41367,4049,Typha latifolia L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for kneeling pads in canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41368,4049,Typha latifolia L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Fruiting stalks used to make mats for hangings, screens, mattresses and coverings.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41369,4049,Typha latifolia L.,210,Quinault,25,g73,21,3,Other,32,Containers,Used to make large wallet-like packsacks.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41380,4049,Typha latifolia L.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make light-weight baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41381,4049,Typha latifolia L.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for raincoats and capes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41382,4049,Typha latifolia L.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for kneeling pads in canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41383,4049,Typha latifolia L.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Fruiting stalks used to make mats for hangings, screens, mattresses and coverings.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41384,4049,Typha latifolia L.,245,Snohomish,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Leaves peeled and made into two-ply strings for sewing mats.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41385,4049,Typha latifolia L.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make light-weight baskets.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41386,4049,Typha latifolia L.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for raincoats and capes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41387,4049,Typha latifolia L.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Fruiting stalks made into mats and used for kneeling pads in canoes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41388,4049,Typha latifolia L.,251,Squaxin,25,g73,21,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding","Fruiting stalks used to make mats for hangings, screens, mattresses and coverings.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 21"
41758,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,28,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Whole stalk used as a whip on a person with rheumatism.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
41759,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,31,Chehalis,25,g73,28,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Decoction of roots used as a hair wash.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
41763,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,28,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of nettles taken by women about to deliver a child.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
41764,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,53,Cowlitz,25,g73,28,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of sprouts applied or person whipped with stalk for paralysis.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
41783,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,114,Klallam,25,g73,28,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of stalks rubbed on the body for soreness or stiffness.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"
41784,4059,Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland.,114,Klallam,25,g73,28,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Infusion of stalks rubbed on the body for soreness or stiffness.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 28"