id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
5,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Bark and other plants used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
6,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark and other plants used for 'sickness.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
7,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,86,Haisla,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Cambium used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
265,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
266,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
267,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
268,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
315,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
316,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
317,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
318,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
465,24,Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel,78,Gitksan,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark used to make baskets.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
466,24,Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel,78,Gitksan,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Inner bark used to make mats.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
2434,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark and other plants used to make a salve.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
2495,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Bark used as a purgative.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
2500,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark used to make a wound dressing and wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
2501,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
2676,177,Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata (Regel) A.& D. L”ve,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Bark and other plants used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
7202,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used to make baskets.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
7203,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to make containers and waterproof wrappings.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
7204,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,3,Other,145,Lighting,Used to make torches.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
7312,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to make containers and waterproof wrappings.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
7313,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,3,Other,145,Lighting,Used to make torches.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
9077,860,Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach,86,Haisla,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Inner bark fiber used to make clothing for the nobility.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
9285,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Shoots and stems used for food in summer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
9286,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,86,Haisla,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Shoots and stems used for food in summer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
9325,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Shoots and stems used for food in summer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
11143,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark used to make a skin wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
11144,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Bark used for fevers.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
11145,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,74,Hemorrhoid Remedy,Bark used for postpartum hemorrhaging.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
16824,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Stems used for food in spring.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
16826,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,86,Haisla,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Stems used for food in spring.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
16957,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Stems used for food in spring.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
21218,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Bark used for burns.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
21219,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark used for wounds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
21220,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Bark used for infections.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24426,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Bark and other plants used for arthritis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24428,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Bark and other plants used for cancer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24430,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24431,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24432,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark and other plants used as a skin wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24434,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner bark applied to wounds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24436,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Bark used as a 'cleanser.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24437,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Bark and other plants used for diabetes.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24438,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24442,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Bark and other plants used for bronchitis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24443,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24444,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Bark and other plants used for tuberculosis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24446,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Inner bark chewed during pre-hunting purification rituals.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24449,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Bark and other plants used for arthritis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24450,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Bark and other plants used for cancer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24451,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24452,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24453,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark and other plants used as a skin wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24454,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner bark applied to wounds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24455,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Bark used as a 'cleanser.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24456,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Bark and other plants used for diabetes.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24457,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24458,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Bark and other plants used for bronchitis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24459,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24460,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Bark and other plants used for tuberculosis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24461,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Inner bark chewed during pre-hunting purification rituals.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24550,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Bark and other plants used for arthritis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24551,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Bark and other plants used for cancer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24552,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24553,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24554,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark and other plants used as a skin wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24555,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner bark applied to wounds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24556,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Bark used as a 'cleanser.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24557,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Bark and other plants used for diabetes.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24558,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24559,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Bark and other plants used for bronchitis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24560,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24561,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Bark and other plants used for tuberculosis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24562,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Inner bark chewed during pre-hunting purification rituals.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26936,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26937,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26938,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26939,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26940,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Cambium eaten fresh.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
27041,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27042,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27043,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27044,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27045,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Cambium eaten fresh.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
27419,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27421,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark used for medicines.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27423,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Sap eaten fresh.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
27486,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,151,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Inner bark strips dried and stored for future food use.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
27487,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Sap eaten fresh.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
29283,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,86,Haisla,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Cambium eaten fresh in spring.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
29605,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Bark used as a purgative.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
30491,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark used for medicine.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
30514,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
36076,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark strips used for cord or rope.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
36077,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Bark strips used for hanging fish.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
36078,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Bark strips used for twining into nets or fish line.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
36783,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Bark used as an emetic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
36842,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark used for medicine.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
37607,3632,Sedum divergens S. Wats.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Leaves used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
37608,3632,Sedum divergens S. Wats.,86,Haisla,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Leaves used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
37617,3632,Sedum divergens S. Wats.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Leaves used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
38565,3761,Sorbus scopulina Greene,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Bark used for fevers.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
38566,3761,Sorbus scopulina Greene,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
38567,3761,Sorbus scopulina Greene,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark used for general sickness.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39112,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Bark used to make an eye medicine.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39960,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark strips used for basketry.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39961,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark sheets used for roofing.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
39962,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Inner bark strips used for cordage.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39963,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Bark sheets used for tarpaulins.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
39964,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Inner bark strips used for mat making.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39966,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark strips used for basketry.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39967,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Inner bark strips used for cordage.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39968,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Inner bark strips used for mat making.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40275,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,267,Tsimshian,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark sheets used for roofing and tarpaulins.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
40279,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,267,Tsimshian,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Bark sheets used for tarpaulins.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
40289,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark strips used for basketry.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40290,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark sheets used for roofing.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
40291,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Inner bark strips used for cordage.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40292,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Bark sheets used for tarpaulins.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
40293,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Inner bark strips used for mat making.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40956,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Cambium used as a 'cleanser.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40957,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Cambium used for the gall bladder.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40958,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,18,Other,Inner bark used for elimination of hard or sharp swallowed objects.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40959,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,150,1,Food,75,Staple,"Cambium pit cooked, pounded, formed into cakes, dried, stored and eaten as a staple food.","Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40960,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,150,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Cambium used as a sweetener for other foods.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40961,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,150,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Inner bark used as a survival food in winter.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40963,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,86,Haisla,166,g92,150,1,Food,75,Staple,"Cambium pit cooked, pounded, formed into cakes, dried, stored and eaten as a staple food.","Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40964,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,86,Haisla,166,g92,150,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Cambium used as a sweetener for other foods.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40965,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,86,Haisla,166,g92,150,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Inner bark used as a survival food in winter.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
41088,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,150,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Cambium used as a sweetener for other foods.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
41089,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,150,1,Food,,,Cambium used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
41090,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,150,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Inner bark used as a survival food in winter.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"