id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource 620,32,Acer rubrum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,119,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Bark dried, pounded, sifted and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119" 649,34,Acer saccharinum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,,,"Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a medicine.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 650,34,Acer saccharinum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,146,1,Food,27,Beverage,Sap fermented and used as an intoxicant.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 146" 651,34,Acer saccharinum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a drink for home consumption and longhouse ceremonies.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 652,34,Acer saccharinum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,119,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Bark dried, pounded, sifted and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119" 653,34,Acer saccharinum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Sap used to make sugar.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 681,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Sap used for sore eyes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 683,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,,,"Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a medicine.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 684,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,146,1,Food,27,Beverage,Sap fermented and used as an intoxicant.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 146" 686,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Sap, thimbleberries and water used to make a drink for home consumption and longhouse ceremonies.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 687,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,119,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Bark dried, pounded, sifted and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119" 689,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Sap used to make sugar.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 2060,138,Allium canadense L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Bulb, consisting of the fleshy bases of the leaves, eaten raw.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 2061,138,Allium canadense L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 2293,163,Allium tricoccum Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Bulb, consisting of the fleshy bases of the leaves, eaten raw.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 2294,163,Allium tricoccum Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 2804,193,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,117,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117" 3112,210,Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 3113,210,Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 3114,210,Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 3115,210,Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 3116,210,Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,21,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Blossoms used as a reliable method of when to plant the corn.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 21" 3694,289,Apios americana Medik.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,120,1,Food,,,Tubers eaten.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120" 4257,327,Arctium lappa L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,120,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Roots dried by the fire and stored away for winter use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120" 4258,327,Arctium lappa L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,120,1,Food,56,Soup,Dried roots soaked and boiled into a soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120" 4259,327,Arctium lappa L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young leaves cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 6299,446,Asclepias syriaca L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,117,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Tender stems, leaves and immature flower clusters cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117" 6386,450,Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 6387,450,Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 6388,450,Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 6389,450,Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 7107,576,Betula lenta L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,148,1,Food,27,Beverage,Twigs steeped into a beverage.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 148" 7493,618,Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,117,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117" 7801,685,Caltha palustris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,117,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117" 8008,729,Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,120,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw with salt or boiled.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120" 8036,730,Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood,100,Iroquois,112,w16,120,1,Food,,,Roots eaten raw with salt or boiled.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120" 8284,763,Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Nut meat oil formerly used for the hair, either alone or mixed with bear grease.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8288,763,Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8290,763,Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Nuts pounded, boiled, resulting oil seasoned with salt and used as gravy.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8291,763,Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,56,Soup,Nut meats crushed and added to corn soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8293,763,Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,47,Special Food,Nut meat oil added to the mush used by the False Face Societies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8294,763,Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,75,Staple,Nut meats crushed and added to hominy.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8295,763,Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,"Nut meats, after skimming off the oil, seasoned and mixed with mashed potatoes.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8296,763,Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Nut meat oil mixed with bear grease and used as a preventive for mosquitoes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8339,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Nut meat oil formerly used for the hair, either alone or mixed with bear grease.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8343,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8345,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Nuts pounded, boiled, resulting oil seasoned with salt and used as gravy.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8346,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,56,Soup,Nut meats crushed and added to corn soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8348,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,47,Special Food,Nut meat oil added to the mush used by the False Face Societies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8349,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,75,Staple,Nut meats crushed and added to hominy.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8350,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,"Nut meats, after skimming off the oil, seasoned and mixed with mashed potatoes.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8351,767,Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Nut meat oil mixed with bear grease and used as a preventive for mosquitoes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8423,774,Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Nut meat oil formerly used for the hair, either alone or mixed with bear grease.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8428,774,Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8430,774,Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Nuts pounded, boiled, resulting oil seasoned with salt and used as gravy.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8431,774,Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,56,Soup,Nut meats crushed and added to corn soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8433,774,Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,47,Special Food,Nut meat oil added to the mush used by the False Face Societies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8435,774,Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,75,Staple,Nut meats crushed and added to hominy.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8436,774,Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,"Nut meats, after skimming off the oil, seasoned and mixed with mashed potatoes.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 8437,774,Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Nut meat oil mixed with bear grease and used as a preventive for mosquitoes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 9395,894,Chenopodium album L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,117,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117" 10074,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 10075,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Flesh cut into strips, dried and stored away.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 10076,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,47,Special Food,Squash eaten at feasts of ceremonial importance and longhouse ceremonies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 10077,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh boiled, baked in ashes or boiled, mashed with butter and sugar and eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 10078,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh fried and sweetened or seasoned with salt, pepper and butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 10192,1012,Claytonia virginica L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,120,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120" 11196,1110,Corylus americana Walt.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Nut meat oil formerly used for the hair, either alone or mixed with bear grease.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 11205,1110,Corylus americana Walt.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 11207,1110,Corylus americana Walt.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Nuts pounded, boiled, resulting oil seasoned with salt and used as gravy.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 11208,1110,Corylus americana Walt.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,56,Soup,Nut meats crushed and added to corn soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 11210,1110,Corylus americana Walt.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,47,Special Food,Nut meat oil added to the mush used by the False Face Societies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 11211,1110,Corylus americana Walt.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,75,Staple,Nut meats crushed and added to hominy.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 11212,1110,Corylus americana Walt.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,"Nut meats, after skimming off the oil, seasoned and mixed with mashed potatoes.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 11213,1110,Corylus americana Walt.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Nut meat oil mixed with bear grease and used as a preventive for mosquitoes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 11412,1128,Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 11413,1128,Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,82,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Used to make bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 82" 11414,1128,Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 11415,1128,Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 11416,1128,Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 11449,1133,Crataegus submollis Sarg.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 11450,1133,Crataegus submollis Sarg.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,82,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Used to make bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 82" 11451,1133,Crataegus submollis Sarg.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 11452,1133,Crataegus submollis Sarg.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 11453,1133,Crataegus submollis Sarg.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 11557,1157,Cucumis melo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11558,1157,Cucumis melo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Flesh cut into strips, dried and stored away.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11559,1157,Cucumis melo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,47,Special Food,Squash eaten at feasts of ceremonial importance and longhouse ceremonies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11560,1157,Cucumis melo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh boiled, baked in ashes or boiled, mashed with butter and sugar and eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11561,1157,Cucumis melo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh fried and sweetened or seasoned with salt, pepper and butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11570,1158,Cucumis sativus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11571,1158,Cucumis sativus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Flesh cut into strips, dried and stored away.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11572,1158,Cucumis sativus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,47,Special Food,Squash eaten at feasts of ceremonial importance and longhouse ceremonies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11573,1158,Cucumis sativus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh boiled, baked in ashes or boiled, mashed with butter and sugar and eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11574,1158,Cucumis sativus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh fried and sweetened or seasoned with salt, pepper and butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11575,1158,Cucumis sativus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Fruit preserved in brine made with salt and sheep sorrel.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11644,1162,Cucurbita maxima Duchesne,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11645,1162,Cucurbita maxima Duchesne,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Flesh cut into strips, dried and stored away.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11646,1162,Cucurbita maxima Duchesne,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,47,Special Food,Squash eaten at feasts of ceremonial importance and longhouse ceremonies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11647,1162,Cucurbita maxima Duchesne,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh boiled, baked in ashes or boiled, mashed with butter and sugar and eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11648,1162,Cucurbita maxima Duchesne,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh fried and sweetened or seasoned with salt, pepper and butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11675,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11676,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Flesh cut into strips, dried and stored away.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11677,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,47,Special Food,Squash eaten at feasts of ceremonial importance and longhouse ceremonies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11678,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh boiled, baked in ashes or boiled, mashed with butter and sugar and eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11679,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh fried and sweetened or seasoned with salt, pepper and butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11712,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Dried flesh pounded, sifted, soaked in cold water, sweetened, grease added and baked into cakes.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11713,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11714,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Flesh cut into strips, dried and stored away.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11715,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,"Flesh boiled, corn meal and sugar added and eaten as a pudding with sugar and milk.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11716,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Dried flesh pounded into a fine meal or flour, boiled, sweetened, grease added and used as a sauce.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11717,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,47,Special Food,Squash eaten at feasts of ceremonial importance and longhouse ceremonies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11718,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh boiled, baked in ashes or boiled, mashed with butter and sugar and eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11719,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Flesh fried and sweetened or seasoned with salt, pepper and butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 11720,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed & sweetened or boiled with green beans, butter & salt & eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 13032,1383,Elymus canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,19,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Decoction of plant with other plants used as medicine to soak corn seeds before planting.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 19" 13044,1387,Elymus hystrix var. hystrix,100,Iroquois,112,w16,18,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Decoction of leaves and reed grass rootstocks used as medicine to soak corn seeds before planting.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 18" 14671,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Nut meat oil formerly used for the hair, either alone or mixed with bear grease.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 14676,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 14678,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Nuts pounded, boiled, resulting oil seasoned with salt and used as gravy.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 14679,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,56,Soup,Nut meats crushed and added to corn soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 14681,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,47,Special Food,Nut meat oil added to the mush used by the False Face Societies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 14682,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,75,Staple,Nut meats crushed and added to hominy.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 14683,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,"Nut meats, after skimming off the oil, seasoned and mixed with mashed potatoes.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 14684,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Nut meat oil mixed with bear grease and used as a preventive for mosquitoes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 14914,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 14915,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 14916,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 14917,1637,Fragaria vesca ssp. americana (Porter) Staudt,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 14988,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 14989,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 14990,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 14992,1640,Fragaria virginiana Duchesne,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 15606,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 15607,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 15608,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 15609,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 15730,1707,Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Berries used ceremonially by those desiring health and prosperity for the coming season.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 15732,1707,Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 15734,1707,Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 15735,1707,Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 15740,1707,Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 16698,1835,Helianthus tuberosus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,120,1,Food,,,"Roots used raw, boiled or fried.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120" 17542,1936,Hydrophyllum virginianum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,117,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young plants or leaves cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117" 18191,2031,Juglans cinerea L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Nut meat oil formerly used for the hair, either alone or mixed with bear grease.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18206,2031,Juglans cinerea L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18208,2031,Juglans cinerea L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Nuts pounded, boiled, resulting oil seasoned with salt and used as gravy.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18209,2031,Juglans cinerea L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,56,Soup,Nut meats crushed and added to corn soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18211,2031,Juglans cinerea L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,47,Special Food,Nut meat oil added to the mush used by the False Face Societies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18212,2031,Juglans cinerea L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,75,Staple,Nut meats crushed and added to hominy.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18213,2031,Juglans cinerea L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,"Nut meats, after skimming off the oil, seasoned and mixed with mashed potatoes.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18214,2031,Juglans cinerea L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Nut meat oil mixed with bear grease and used as a preventive for mosquitoes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18281,2034,Juglans nigra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Nut meat oil formerly used for the hair, either alone or mixed with bear grease.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18287,2034,Juglans nigra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18289,2034,Juglans nigra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Nuts pounded, boiled, resulting oil seasoned with salt and used as gravy.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18290,2034,Juglans nigra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,56,Soup,Nut meats crushed and added to corn soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18292,2034,Juglans nigra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,47,Special Food,Nut meat oil added to the mush used by the False Face Societies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18293,2034,Juglans nigra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,75,Staple,Nut meats crushed and added to hominy.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18294,2034,Juglans nigra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,"Nut meats, after skimming off the oil, seasoned and mixed with mashed potatoes.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18295,2034,Juglans nigra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,3,Other,76,Insecticide,Nut meat oil mixed with bear grease and used as a preventive for mosquitoes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 18345,2039,Juncus bufonius L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,89,2,Drug,40,Emetic,"Infusion of plant taken as an emetic by runners. The runner drank about two quarts the first time, vomited, drank the same quantity and vomited again. The face and body were also washed with the liquid. This was done about three times during the week before the race.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 89" 19426,2090,Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Fruit made into rattles used by the Medicine Societies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 22196,2390,Malus coronaria var. coronaria,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 22197,2390,Malus coronaria var. coronaria,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 22198,2390,Malus coronaria var. coronaria,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 22199,2390,Malus coronaria var. coronaria,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 22308,2394,Malus pumila P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 22309,2394,Malus pumila P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 22310,2394,Malus pumila P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 22311,2394,Malus pumila P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 23145,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 23146,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 23148,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 23149,2494,Mitchella repens L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 23233,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,149,1,Food,27,Beverage,Used to make a beverage.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 149" 23496,2532,Morus rubra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 23497,2532,Morus rubra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 23498,2532,Morus rubra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 23499,2532,Morus rubra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 23936,2585,Nicotiana rustica L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,4,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Leaves used for ceremonial purposes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 4" 23937,2585,Nicotiana rustica L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,4,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Leaves used for smoking purposes.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 4" 23938,2585,Nicotiana rustica L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,30,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,"Leaves used to smoke and if the smoke blew in a streak to one side, it would rain in 24 hours.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 30" 24394,2634,Onoclea sensibilis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 25141,2706,Oxalis corniculata L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Eaten raw, sometimes with salt.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 25649,2770,Pedicularis canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 25679,2776,Pedicularis lanceolata Michx.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 26298,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Seeds cooked, mixed with corn bread paste and again cooked in the making of the bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26299,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Seed pods boiled, dried in evaporating baskets or on flat boards and stored away in bags or barrels.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26300,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Beans boiled with green sweet corn, meat and seasoned with salt, pepper and butter or fat.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26301,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Dried seed pods soaked, boiled, seasoning and butter added and eaten as a soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26302,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Ripe seeds boiled with beef or venison, mashed until thoroughly mixed and eaten as soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26303,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,Seed pods cooked and used to make soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26304,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Seeds washed with hot water, cooked until soft and sugar added to make a sweet soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26305,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Seed pods cooked and eaten whole or cooked with butter, squash or meat.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26306,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Seeds boiled or fried in bear or sunflower oil, seasoned and eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26307,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Seeds cooked 'like potatoes' and mashed or pounded.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26308,2870,Phaseolus coccineus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Seeds intimately associated with the annual ceremonies of planting time & the harvest thanksgiving.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26315,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Seeds cooked, mixed with corn bread paste and again cooked in the making of the bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26316,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Seed pods boiled, dried in evaporating baskets or on flat boards and stored away in bags or barrels.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26317,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Beans boiled with green sweet corn, meat and seasoned with salt, pepper and butter or fat.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26318,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Dried seed pods soaked, boiled, seasoning and butter added and eaten as a soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26319,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Ripe seeds boiled with beef or venison, mashed until thoroughly mixed and eaten as soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26320,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,Seed pods cooked and used to make soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26321,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Seeds washed with hot water, cooked until soft and sugar added to make a sweet soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26322,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Seed pods cooked and eaten whole or cooked with butter, squash or meat.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26323,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Seeds boiled or fried in bear or sunflower oil, seasoned and eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26324,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Seeds cooked 'like potatoes' and mashed or pounded.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26325,2871,Phaseolus lunatus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Seeds intimately associated with the annual ceremonies of planting time & the harvest thanksgiving.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26341,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Seeds cooked, mixed with corn bread paste and again cooked in the making of the bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26342,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Seed pods boiled, dried in evaporating baskets or on flat boards and stored away in bags or barrels.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26343,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Beans boiled with green sweet corn, meat and seasoned with salt, pepper and butter or fat.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26344,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Dried seed pods soaked, boiled, seasoning and butter added and eaten as a soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26345,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Ripe seeds boiled with beef or venison, mashed until thoroughly mixed and eaten as soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26346,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,Seed pods cooked and used to make soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26347,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,56,Soup,"Seeds washed with hot water, cooked until soft and sugar added to make a sweet soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26348,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Seed pods cooked and eaten whole or cooked with butter, squash or meat.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26349,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Seeds boiled or fried in bear or sunflower oil, seasoned and eaten.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26350,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Seeds cooked 'like potatoes' and mashed or pounded.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26351,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,103,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Seeds intimately associated with the annual ceremonies of planting time & the harvest thanksgiving.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103" 26583,2901,Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,18,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Decoction of rootstocks and bottle brush grass used as medicine to soak corn seeds before planting.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 18" 26718,2919,Physalis sp.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 26719,2919,Physalis sp.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 26720,2919,Physalis sp.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 26721,2919,Physalis sp.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 28227,2977,Pinus strobus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,119,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119" 28693,3033,Podophyllum peltatum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,19,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Decoction of leaves with other plants used as medicine to soak corn seeds before planting.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 19" 28700,3033,Podophyllum peltatum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 28701,3033,Podophyllum peltatum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 28702,3033,Podophyllum peltatum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 28703,3033,Podophyllum peltatum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 29772,3116,Portulaca oleracea L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 30255,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,145,1,Food,27,Beverage,Fruit sun dried and boiled in water to make coffee.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 145" 30256,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30257,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30258,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30259,3160,Prunus americana Marsh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30453,3171,Prunus nigra Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30454,3171,Prunus nigra Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30455,3171,Prunus nigra Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30456,3171,Prunus nigra Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30494,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30495,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30496,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30498,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30530,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 30531,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 30532,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 30533,3173,Prunus persica (L.) Batsch,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 30624,3177,Prunus serotina Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30625,3177,Prunus serotina Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30626,3177,Prunus serotina Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30627,3177,Prunus serotina Ehrh.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30792,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30794,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30795,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 30796,3181,Prunus virginiana L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 31823,3247,Pyrus communis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 31824,3247,Pyrus communis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 31825,3247,Pyrus communis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 31826,3247,Pyrus communis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,129,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129" 31896,3253,Quercus alba L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,Acorns used for food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 31929,3254,Quercus bicolor Willd.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,Acorns used for food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 32338,3282,Quercus prinus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,Acorns used for food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 32373,3285,Quercus rubra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,123,1,Food,,,Acorns used for food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123" 32941,3347,Rhus glabra L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,119,1,Food,,,Fresh shoots peeled and eaten raw.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119" 33322,3358,Ribes americanum P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 33323,3358,Ribes americanum P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 33324,3358,Ribes americanum P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 33325,3358,Ribes americanum P. Mill.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 33757,3397,Ribes triste Pallas,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 33758,3397,Ribes triste Pallas,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 33759,3397,Ribes triste Pallas,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 33760,3397,Ribes triste Pallas,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 33843,3412,Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Eaten raw, sometimes with salt.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 34282,3437,Rubus aculeatissimus,100,Iroquois,112,w16,119,1,Food,,,Fresh shoots peeled and eaten.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119" 34364,3444,Rubus canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,,,"Berries, maple sap and water used to make a medicine.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 34365,3444,Rubus canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Berries, water & maple sugar used to make a drink for home consumption and longhouse ceremonies.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34366,3444,Rubus canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34367,3444,Rubus canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34368,3444,Rubus canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34369,3444,Rubus canadensis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34534,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34535,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34536,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34537,3454,Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34705,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34707,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34708,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34712,3461,Rubus occidentalis L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34769,3462,Rubus odoratus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34770,3462,Rubus odoratus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34771,3462,Rubus odoratus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34772,3462,Rubus odoratus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34899,3468,Rubus pubescens var. pubescens,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34900,3468,Rubus pubescens var. pubescens,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34901,3468,Rubus pubescens var. pubescens,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 34902,3468,Rubus pubescens var. pubescens,100,Iroquois,112,w16,127,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127" 35172,3480,Rumex acetosella L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,113,1,Food,86,Spice,Used with salt in a brine for cucumbers.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113" 35173,3480,Rumex acetosella L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Eaten raw, sometimes with salt.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 35284,3485,Rumex crispus L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,117,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young leaves, before the stem appeared, cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117" 36692,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,100,Iroquois,112,w16,19,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Decoction of flowers with other plants used as medicine to soak corn seeds before planting.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 19" 36713,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 36714,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 36715,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 36720,3566,Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 38353,3729,Solanum tuberosum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,120,1,Food,,,Tubers eaten.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120" 39242,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young leaves and shoots cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 39366,3894,Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 41691,4058,Urtica dioica L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,118,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118" 41963,4070,Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,142,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,Berries used ceremonially by those desiring health and prosperity for the coming season.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 142" 41964,4070,Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 41965,4070,Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 41966,4070,Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 41968,4070,Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42017,4074,Vaccinium corymbosum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42018,4074,Vaccinium corymbosum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42019,4074,Vaccinium corymbosum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42020,4074,Vaccinium corymbosum L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42035,4076,Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42036,4076,Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42037,4076,Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42038,4076,Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42274,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42275,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42276,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 42277,4084,Vaccinium oxycoccos L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43101,4132,Viburnum lentago L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43102,4132,Viburnum lentago L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43103,4132,Viburnum lentago L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43104,4132,Viburnum lentago L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43159,4135,Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43160,4135,Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43161,4135,Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43162,4135,Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43495,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43496,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43497,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,52,Fruit,Dried fruit taken as a hunting food.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43498,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,128,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128" 43499,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,119,1,Food,,,Fresh shoots eaten without peeling.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119" 44407,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,101,Baby Food,Seeds boiled into a liquor and used in the preparation of food for infants.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44408,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,101,Baby Food,Seeds used to make a meal gruel for babies.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44409,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,145,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Dried, roasted seeds boiled in water to make coffee.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 145" 44410,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,27,Beverage,Seeds boiled into a liquor and used as a beverage or made into soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44411,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,119,1,Food,27,Beverage,Stalks cut between the joints and chewed to quench the thirst.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119" 44412,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds ground into a meal or flour and used to make boiled bread.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44413,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Seeds ground, mixed with hot water, molded, dropped into boiling water and eaten as dumplings.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44414,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,"Seeds, pumpkin mush and maple sugar used to make pudding.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44415,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,44,Porridge,Seeds used to make hominy.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44416,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Seeds used to make succotash.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44417,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,10,Snack Food,Seeds used to make popcorn.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44418,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,56,Soup,"Seeds used with beans, squash and meats to make soups and broths.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44419,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,47,Special Food,"Seeds used for ceremonial occasions, such as False-Face Society functions.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44420,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,47,Special Food,Seeds used to make wedding bread or bread placed in the coffin with the corpse.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44421,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Corn on the cob roasted and eaten.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44422,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Seeds eaten raw or cooked while traveling or hunting.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44423,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,154,3,Other,32,Containers,Dried husks woven into small bottles or receptacles for salt.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 154" 44424,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Husks used as wrappers for boiling the double wedding corn bread package.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71" 44425,4244,Zea mays L.,100,Iroquois,112,w16,71,3,Other,141,Planting Seeds,"Seeds selected for qualities such as size, flavor, color and early maturity and used for planting.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 71"