id,species,species_label,tribe,tribe_label,source,source_label,pageno,use_category,use_category_label,use_subcategory,use_subcategory_label,notes,rawsource
2936,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,57,"Cree, Plains",206,m40,202,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Berries crushed, dried and stored for future use.","Mandelbaum, David G., 1940, The Plains Cree, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 37:202-203, page 202"
16511,1810,Hedysarum boreale Nutt.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",205,p37,1,1,Food,5,Forage,"Roots eaten by the brown bears, meadow mice and lemmings.","Porsild, A.E., 1937, Edible Roots and Berries of Northern Canada, Canada Department of Mines and Resources, National Museum of Canada, page 1"
16512,1810,Hedysarum boreale Nutt.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",205,p37,1,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Roots located in mice 'caches' by dogs and eaten.,"Porsild, A.E., 1937, Edible Roots and Berries of Northern Canada, Canada Department of Mines and Resources, National Museum of Canada, page 1"
15905,1735,Geum macrophyllum Willd.,210,Quinault,204,w89,276,2,Drug,20,Panacea,"Leaves chewed as a universal remedy, 'good for everything.'","Willoughby, C., 1889, Indians of the Quinaielt Agency, Washington Territory, Smithsonian Institution Annual Report for 1886, page 276"
21203,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,210,Quinault,204,w89,276,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Leaves chewed or rubbed on sores.,"Willoughby, C., 1889, Indians of the Quinaielt Agency, Washington Territory, Smithsonian Institution Annual Report for 1886, page 276"
21205,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,210,Quinault,204,w89,276,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Leaves chewed for sore mouth.,"Willoughby, C., 1889, Indians of the Quinaielt Agency, Washington Territory, Smithsonian Institution Annual Report for 1886, page 276"
22058,2379,Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr.,210,Quinault,204,w89,276,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Poultice of chewed roots applied to sore eyes.,"Willoughby, C., 1889, Indians of the Quinaielt Agency, Washington Territory, Smithsonian Institution Annual Report for 1886, page 276"
1397,55,Acorus calamus L.,280,Winnebago,203,r23,265,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Complex compound injected via bird wing bone for general health.,"Radin, Paul, 1923, The Winnebago Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #37, page 265"
33074,3351,Rhus sp.,280,Winnebago,203,r23,265,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Compound decoction of leaves taken as an antidiarrheal.,"Radin, Paul, 1923, The Winnebago Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #37, page 265"
1445,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,6,Algonquin,202,b36,142,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Used for stomach pains, in some seasons for males, other seasons for females.","Bradley, Will T., 1936, Medical Practices of the New England Aborigines, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association 25(2):138-147, page 142"
18427,2054,Juniperus communis L.,6,Algonquin,202,b36,142,2,Drug,18,Other,"Used for 'cold' conditions, since plant was regarded as 'hot.'","Bradley, Will T., 1936, Medical Practices of the New England Aborigines, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association 25(2):138-147, page 142"
36932,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,6,Algonquin,202,b36,142,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,"Used as a love charm and red dye for skin, clothing and weapons.","Bradley, Will T., 1936, Medical Practices of the New England Aborigines, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association 25(2):138-147, page 142"
4476,343,Arctostaphylos pungens Kunth,284,Yavapai,201,g32,213,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Fresh or stored pulverized berries put in mouth, solid matter spat out and juice sucked. Sometimes the liquid was expressed by squeezing the moistened pulverized mass with the two hands.","Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 213"
18241,2033,Juglans major (Torr.) Heller,284,Yavapai,201,g32,209,1,Food,27,Beverage,Decoction of pulverized nut juice dipped up and sucked.,"Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 209"
18579,2056,Juniperus deppeana Steud.,284,Yavapai,201,g32,212,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Pulverized berries soaked in water, put in mouth and juice sucked, the solid matter spat out.","Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 212"
24373,2633,Olneya tesota Gray,284,Yavapai,201,g32,211,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Dried, mashed, parched seeds ground into a meal and used to make greasy cakes.","Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 211"
24374,2633,Olneya tesota Gray,284,Yavapai,201,g32,211,1,Food,75,Staple,"Dried, mashed, parched seeds ground into a meal and used to make greasy cakes.","Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 211"
30044,3155,Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston,284,Yavapai,201,g32,211,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 211"
33028,3350,Rhus ovata S. Wats.,284,Yavapai,201,g32,212,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Mashed, raw berries used for food.","Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 212"
38059,3688,Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneid.,284,Yavapai,201,g32,211,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Plant yielded oily food with cathartic qualities.,"Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 211"
38060,3688,Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneid.,284,Yavapai,201,g32,211,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Parched, charred berry charcoal rubbed on sores.","Gifford, E. W., 1932, The Southeastern Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 29:177-252, page 211"
15139,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,277,West Coast Indian,200,r34,133,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Infusion of root bark or bark taken as a cathartic.,"Reagan, Albert, 1934, Various Uses of Plants by West Coast Indians, Washington Historical Quarterly 25:133-37, page 133"
15140,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,277,West Coast Indian,200,r34,133,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of root bark or bark taken for most any sort of disease.,"Reagan, Albert, 1934, Various Uses of Plants by West Coast Indians, Washington Historical Quarterly 25:133-37, page 133"
15141,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,277,West Coast Indian,200,r34,133,2,Drug,13,Poison,Infusion of root bark or bark taken in large doses caused death.,"Reagan, Albert, 1934, Various Uses of Plants by West Coast Indians, Washington Historical Quarterly 25:133-37, page 133"
15142,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,277,West Coast Indian,200,r34,133,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Infusion of root bark or bark taken for gonorrhea.,"Reagan, Albert, 1934, Various Uses of Plants by West Coast Indians, Washington Historical Quarterly 25:133-37, page 133"
8889,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,287,Yuki,199,k30,423,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used as basket material.,"Kelly, Isabel T., 1930, Yuki Basketry, University of Calfornia Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 24:421-444, page 423"
8890,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,287,Yuki,199,k30,423,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,"Wood, sapwood and roots used for sewing material.","Kelly, Isabel T., 1930, Yuki Basketry, University of Calfornia Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 24:421-444, page 423"
11148,1103,Cornus sp.,287,Yuki,199,k30,423,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used as basket material.,"Kelly, Isabel T., 1930, Yuki Basketry, University of Calfornia Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 24:421-444, page 423"
11316,1113,Corylus cornuta var. cornuta,287,Yuki,199,k30,423,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used as basket material.,"Kelly, Isabel T., 1930, Yuki Basketry, University of Calfornia Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 24:421-444, page 423"
36337,3551,Salix sp.,287,Yuki,199,k30,423,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used as basket material.,"Kelly, Isabel T., 1930, Yuki Basketry, University of Calfornia Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 24:421-444, page 423"
27894,2965,Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m.,276,Washo,198,b17,13,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Roasted nuts eaten fresh or stored for later use.,"Barrett, S. A., 1917, The Washoe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(1):1-52, page 13"
27895,2965,Pinus monophylla Torr. & Fr‚m.,276,Washo,198,b17,14,1,Food,44,Porridge,Nuts used to make mush.,"Barrett, S. A., 1917, The Washoe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(1):1-52, page 14"
1596,72,Adiantum sp.,16,Apalachee,197,hann86,98,2,Drug,,,Plant water used for medicinal purposes.,"Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 98"
10055,978,Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura & Nakai,16,Apalachee,197,hann86,98,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 98"
11759,1167,Cuminum cyminum L.,16,Apalachee,197,hann86,98,2,Drug,,,Plant water used for medicinal purposes.,"Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 98"
23910,2585,Nicotiana rustica L.,16,Apalachee,197,hann86,97,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Plant cultivated and sold.,"Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 97"
23911,2585,Nicotiana rustica L.,16,Apalachee,197,hann86,97,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Plant smoked in the pre-ballgame rituals.,"Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 97"
35159,3479,Rumex acetosa L.,16,Apalachee,197,hann86,98,2,Drug,,,Plant water used for medicinal purposes.,"Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 98"
40639,4013,Trifolium sp.,16,Apalachee,197,hann86,98,2,Drug,,,Plant water used for medicinal purposes.,"Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 98"
29990,3154,Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa,147,Mohave,196,s65,46,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Dried bean pods ground into a meal and used to make cakes.,"Stewart, Kenneth M., 1965, Mohave Indian Gathering of Wild Plants, Kiva 31(1):46-53, page 46"
29991,3154,Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa,147,Mohave,196,s65,46,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Beans dried and stored in giant basket granaries for winter use.,"Stewart, Kenneth M., 1965, Mohave Indian Gathering of Wild Plants, Kiva 31(1):46-53, page 46"
29992,3154,Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa,147,Mohave,196,s65,46,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Beans eaten raw or roasted.,"Stewart, Kenneth M., 1965, Mohave Indian Gathering of Wild Plants, Kiva 31(1):46-53, page 46"
30072,3156,Prosopis pubescens Benth.,147,Mohave,196,s65,46,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Bean pods rotted in a pit for a month, dried, ground into a flour and used to make a drink.","Stewart, Kenneth M., 1965, Mohave Indian Gathering of Wild Plants, Kiva 31(1):46-53, page 46"
30073,3156,Prosopis pubescens Benth.,147,Mohave,196,s65,46,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Bean pods used for food.,"Stewart, Kenneth M., 1965, Mohave Indian Gathering of Wild Plants, Kiva 31(1):46-53, page 46"
1853,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Plant fibers used to make rope.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1854,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,27,Beverage,Juice squeezed from baked fibers and drunk.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1855,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Heads baked or boiled, pounded into flat sheets, sun dried and stored for future use.","Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1856,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Dried, baked heads boiled and made into a 'paste.'","Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1857,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,56,Soup,"Dried, baked heads boiled and made into soup.","Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1858,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,,,Heads baked and eaten.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1859,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,,,Leaves boiled and eaten.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1860,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,1,Food,,,Young and tender flowering stalks and shoots roasted and eaten.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1861,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,91,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves used to line the baking pits.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 91"
1862,96,Agave sp.,157,Navajo,195,b65,94,3,Other,17,Tools,Sharp pointed leaf tips used to make basketry awls.,"Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
1095,44,Achillea sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
1165,54,Aconitum sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,2,Drug,13,Poison,Used for fish and whale poison.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
3543,267,Angelica sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
7808,687,Caltha sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,2,Drug,,,Used medicinally.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
10177,1009,Claytonia sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
10425,1039,Cochlearia sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
10574,1061,Conioselinum sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
13055,1391,Elymus sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,4,Fiber,372,Other,Used for weaving.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
16962,1852,Heracleum sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
19727,2115,Lathyrus sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,4,Fiber,371,Other,Used for weaving.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
22526,2424,Matricaria sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,2,Drug,,,Used medicinally.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
22938,2461,Menyanthes sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,2,Drug,,,Used medicinally.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
37683,3646,Senecio sp.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
39601,3904,Taxus cuspidata Sieb. & Zucc.,5,Aleut,194,bt51,29,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Drift wood bent into ribs for boats.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
28905,3058,Polygonum bistorta L.,5,Aleut,193,ven40,263,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Root used as a tonic.,"Veniamenov, I., 1840, Notes on the Islands in the Unalaska District, St. Petersburg -- Translated by HRAF, page 263"
34384,3445,Rubus chamaemorus L.,66,Eskimo,192,t90,233,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Turner, Lucien M., 1890, Ethnology of the Ungava District, Hudson Bay Territory, SI-BAE Annual Report #11:159-350, page 233"
1126,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,95,Hopi,191,j38,43,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Plants formerly used for food during famines.,"Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43"
1127,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,95,Hopi,191,j38,43,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Plants formerly used for food during famines.,"Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43"
1128,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,95,Hopi,191,j38,43,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Plants formerly used for food during famines.,"Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43"
1129,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,95,Hopi,191,j38,43,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Plants formerly used for food during famines.,"Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43"
1130,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,95,Hopi,191,j38,43,1,Food,113,Starvation Food,Plants formerly used for food during famines.,"Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43"
12811,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,270,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Root used for bowel pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 270"
12812,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,270,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Root used for bowel pain.,"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 270"
12813,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,270,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Root used for tonsillitis.,"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 270"
12814,1348,Echinacea angustifolia DC.,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,270,2,Drug,71,Toothache Remedy,Root used as toothache remedy.,"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 270"
14315,1554,Erysimum capitatum var. capitatum,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,269,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of crushed seed taken and used externally for stomach or bowel cramps.,"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 269"
14316,1554,Erysimum capitatum var. capitatum,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,269,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of crushed seeds used for stomach or bowel cramps.,"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 269"
17043,1866,Heuchera americana var. hispida (Pursh) E. Wells,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,269,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,"Root, very powerful and small dose for children, used for chronic diarrhea.","Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 269"
20591,2216,Lithospermum incisum Lehm.,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,269270,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Fragrant herb used for lung hemorrhages.,"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 269270"
23075,2490,Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacM.,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,270,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Moistened, grated root rubbed on skin for swelling.","Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 270"
23076,2490,Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacM.,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,270,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Herb used externally for broken bones.,"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 270"
23256,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,270,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of blossoms used for 'hard cold.',"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 270"
23257,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,240,"Sioux, Teton",190,d18,270,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of blossoms used for fever.,"Densmore, Frances, 1918, Teton Sioux Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #61, page 270"
5169,395,Artemisia dracunculus L.,205,Ponca,189,h65,152,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Decoction of plant taken and used as a wash for burns.,"Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 152"
9229,879,Chamaesyce serpyllifolia (Pers.) Small,205,Ponca,189,h65,151,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of plant taken by young mothers for scanty or lack of milk.,"Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 151"
10814,1089,Cornus amomum P. Mill.,205,Ponca,189,h65,47,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Inner bark used as an additive to tobacco.,"Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 47"
21260,2271,Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult.,205,Ponca,189,h65,48,2,Drug,153,Hallucinogen,Dried flesh 'buttons' eaten to cause auditory and visual hallucinations.,"Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 48"
21261,2271,Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult.,205,Ponca,189,h65,48,2,Drug,,,Decoction of dried flesh 'buttons' taken for illness.,"Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 48"
21262,2271,Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult.,205,Ponca,189,h65,48,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Flesh dried into 'buttons' and eaten during religious ceremonies.,"Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 48"
21576,2333,Lygodesmia juncea (Pursh) D. Don ex Hook.,205,Ponca,189,h65,152,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Infusion of plant taken for diarrhea.,"Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 152"
21577,2333,Lygodesmia juncea (Pursh) D. Don ex Hook.,205,Ponca,189,h65,152,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of plant applied to sore eyes.,"Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 152"
21579,2333,Lygodesmia juncea (Pursh) D. Don ex Hook.,205,Ponca,189,h65,152,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Infusion of plant used to increase milk flow of mothers.,"Howard, James, 1965, The Ponca Tribe, SI-BAE Bulletin #195, page 152"
1485,64,Actaea sp.,141,Micmac,188,r48,56,2,Drug,13,Poison,Plant considered poisonous.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 56"
7222,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,141,Micmac,188,r48,56,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Bark used to make canoes.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 56"
9631,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,141,Micmac,188,r48,57,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Used for kidney pains.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 57"
29037,3080,Polypodium virginianum L.,141,Micmac,188,r48,55,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of plant used for urine retention.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 55"
37024,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,141,Micmac,188,r48,56,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Used as an abortifacient.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 56"
37025,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,141,Micmac,188,r48,56,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of roots used for colds.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 56"
37028,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,141,Micmac,188,r48,56,2,Drug,133,Love Medicine,Used as an aphrodisiac.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 56"
37029,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,141,Micmac,188,r48,56,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Infusion of roots used for sore throats.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 56"
3535,265,Angelica lucida L.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,31,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Burning stems shaken inside and outside the house for purification.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 31"
5522,404,Artemisia sp.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,33,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Plant taken for colds.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 33"
5523,404,Artemisia sp.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,33,2,Drug,,,Poultice of plant used for unspecified ailments.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 33"
5585,406,Artemisia tilesii Ledeb.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,33,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of dried, shredded plant applied to skin infections.","Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 33"
5586,406,Artemisia tilesii Ledeb.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,33,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Plant used as switch during steambath for a sprained or sore limb.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 33"
9895,946,Cicuta virosa L.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,21,2,Drug,13,Poison,Root 'considered to be poisonous to people.',"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 21"
14195,1537,Eriophorum angustifolium Honckeny,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,27,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Raw stems eaten to restore good health to persons in generally poor health.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 27"
19886,2127,Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens (Ait.) Hult‚n,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,32,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Burning dried stalk shaken around head and shoulders of sick child.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 32"
22498,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,"22, 23",2,Drug,149,Adjuvant,Plant used in the steambath for the pleasant odor.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 22, 23"
22499,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,"22, 23",2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of dried seed heads taken for colds.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 22, 23"
22500,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,"22, 23",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of dried seed heads taken for indigestion.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 22, 23"
23944,2586,Nicotiana sp.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,32,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Leaves considered to be 'a good cure for a dog in a weakened condition.',"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 32"
26932,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,"28, 29",2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of green needles taken or raw needles chewed as cough medicine.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 28, 29"
32690,3310,Ranunculus lapponicus L.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,23,2,Drug,284,Dietary Aid,Plants soaked and eaten by starving persons before eating other food.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 23"
35161,3479,Rumex acetosa L.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,24,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of leaves and stems taken for diarrhea.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 24"
35485,3495,Rumex sp.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,31,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Plant 'widely recognized as an effective astringent.',"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 31"
35658,3519,Salix arbusculoides Anderss.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,30,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner bark applied to sores.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 30"
35659,3519,Salix arbusculoides Anderss.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,30,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Leaves placed in the corners of watery eyes.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 30"
35660,3519,Salix arbusculoides Anderss.,73,"Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut",187,o57,30,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Leaves chewed for sore mouth.,"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 30"
24102,2596,Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal,115,Klamath,186,c04,728,1,Food,47,Special Food,Used as a delicacy.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1904, Wokas, a Primitive Food of the Klamath Indians., Smithsonian Institution, US. National Museum., page 728"
24104,2596,Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala (Engelm.) E.O. Beal,115,Klamath,186,c04,728,1,Food,75,Staple,Used as a staple food in primitive times.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1904, Wokas, a Primitive Food of the Klamath Indians., Smithsonian Institution, US. National Museum., page 728"
27504,2956,Pinus contorta var. murrayana (Grev. & Balf.) Engelm.,115,Klamath,186,c04,728,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Peeled sapling used to make poles to propel canoes.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1904, Wokas, a Primitive Food of the Klamath Indians., Smithsonian Institution, US. National Museum., page 728"
27966,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,115,Klamath,186,c04,728,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Single logs used to make dugout canoes.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1904, Wokas, a Primitive Food of the Klamath Indians., Smithsonian Institution, US. National Museum., page 728"
27970,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,115,Klamath,186,c04,735,3,Other,37,Fuel,Dried needles stuffed loosely between cross sticks and lighted to ignite them.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1904, Wokas, a Primitive Food of the Klamath Indians., Smithsonian Institution, US. National Museum., page 735"
31171,3199,Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco,115,Klamath,186,c04,728,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Single logs used to make dugout canoes.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1904, Wokas, a Primitive Food of the Klamath Indians., Smithsonian Institution, US. National Museum., page 728"
37377,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,115,Klamath,186,c04,737,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Outer surface split and twisted into weft cords and warp used in making baskets.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1904, Wokas, a Primitive Food of the Klamath Indians., Smithsonian Institution, US. National Museum., page 737"
16516,1811,Hedysarum boreale ssp. mackenziei (Richards.) Welsh,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,36,1,Food,,,Roots eaten fresh and boiled.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 36"
16518,1811,Hedysarum boreale ssp. mackenziei (Richards.) Welsh,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,36,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Fresh roots stored underground in brush lined caches for future use.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 36"
42207,4082,Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 36"
42430,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 36"
42458,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,36,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 36"
43077,4130,Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.,255,"Tanana, Upper",185,mckenn59,37,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries mixed with fat and used for food.,"McKennan, Robert A., 1959, The Upper Tanana Indians, Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 55, page 37"
1122,46,Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth,95,Hopi,184,n43,20,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds ground with corn into fine meal and used to make tortilla bread.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20"
2125,141,Allium cernuum Roth,95,Hopi,184,n43,20,1,Food,,,Eaten raw with cornmeal dumplings or fresh piki bread.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20"
2191,147,Allium geyeri S. Wats.,95,Hopi,184,n43,20,1,Food,,,Eaten raw with cornmeal dumplings or fresh piki bread.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20"
12350,1271,Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt.,95,Hopi,184,n43,19,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Greens pit baked, cooled and served in salted water with corn dumplings, boiled bread or piki bread.","Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 19"
18864,2060,Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little,95,Hopi,184,n43,18,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten with piki bread.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 18"
21431,2316,Lycium pallidum Miers,95,Hopi,184,n43,19,1,Food,1,Preserves,Berries cooked to make a jam-like food and served with fresh piki bread.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 19"
24641,2657,Opuntia erinacea var. hystricina (Engelm. & Bigelow) L. Benson,95,Hopi,184,n43,18,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits cooked, freed from thorns and served with cornmeal boiled bread.","Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 18"
24750,2667,Opuntia polyacantha Haw.,95,Hopi,184,n43,18,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits cooked, freed from thorns and served with cornmeal boiled bread.","Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 18"
24876,2674,Opuntia whipplei Engelm. & Bigelow,95,Hopi,184,n43,19,1,Food,,,Buds boiled and eaten with cornmeal boiled bread.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 19"
25611,2766,Pectis angustifolia Torr.,95,Hopi,184,n43,20,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Plants dried and eaten with fresh roasted corn, dried parched corn or corn dumplings.","Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20"
27566,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,95,Hopi,184,n43,18,1,Food,47,Special Food,Nuts roasted and eaten as an after supper luxury.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 18"
33126,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,95,Hopi,184,n43,20,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Berries pounded, soaked in water and used to make a refreshing drink.","Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20"
33427,3364,Ribes cereum var. pedicellare Brewer & S. Wats.,95,Hopi,184,n43,18,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten with fresh piki bread.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 18"
38294,3722,Solanum jamesii Torr.,95,Hopi,184,n43,20,1,Food,,,Tubers boiled and eaten with magnesia clay.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20"
38792,3808,Sporobolus giganteus Nash,95,Hopi,184,n43,20,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds threshed, ground with corn into fine meal and used to make a mush.","Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20"
43764,4224,Yucca angustissima Engelm. ex Trel.,95,Hopi,184,n43,18,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits pit baked with lambsquarter leaves and eaten with corn dumplings in salted water.,"Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 18"
43828,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,95,Hopi,184,n43,18,1,Food,1,Preserves,"Fruits sun dried, boiled into jam and eaten with corn dumplings or boiled bread.","Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 18"
10475,1049,Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,67,2,Drug,,,Plant used to make a draught and given to the sick.,"Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 67"
10476,1049,Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,67,1,Food,,,Plant mixed with coconut meat and eaten.,"Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 67"
10477,1049,Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,67,1,Food,,,Roots beaten into poi and eaten.,"Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 67"
10478,1049,Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,67,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves and stems cooked and eaten as greens.,"Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 67"
10714,1077,Cordyline fruticosa (L.) Chev.,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,68,1,Food,,,Roots pit baked and eaten.,"Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 68"
12550,1305,Dioscorea bulbifera L.,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,68,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Bitter fruit cooked, grated, washed several times, strained and eaten.","Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 68"
12551,1306,Dioscorea pentaphylla L.,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,68,1,Food,,,Tubers oven cooked and eaten.,"Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 68"
12553,1307,Dioscorea sp.,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,67,2,Drug,,,Tubers used to make a drink for the sick.,"Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 67"
12555,1307,Dioscorea sp.,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,67,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Tubers baked or roasted and eaten.,"Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 67"
17852,1988,Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,69,1,Food,,,"Tubers grated, roasted and eaten.","Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 69"
22411,2416,Marattia sp.,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,68,1,Food,,,Leaf stem bases over cooked and eaten.,"Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 68"
39272,3884,Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze,90,Hawaiian,183,m03,68,1,Food,,,"Tubers grated, roasted and eaten.","Malo, David, 1903, Hawaiian Antiquities, Honolulu. Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., page 68"
92,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Boughs used to make beds.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
93,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
94,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for kindling and fuel.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
593,31,Acer pensylvanicum L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
623,32,Acer rubrum L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make basketware.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
697,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
698,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,Sap used to make maple syrup and maple sugar.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
699,35,Acer saccharum Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make bows and arrows.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
1329,55,Acorus calamus L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,2,Drug,,,Roots chewed for medicinal use.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
1330,55,Acorus calamus L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
2633,174,Alnus sp.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,5,Dye,,,Bark used to make a dye.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
4054,318,Aralia nudicaulis L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
7220,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used to make baskets.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
7221,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark used to make house coverings.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
7223,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,32,Containers,"Bark used to make boxes, coffins and other containers.","Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
7224,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Bark used to make dishes and cooking utensils.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
7336,585,Betula sp.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Bark used to make trumpets for calling game.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
7337,585,Betula sp.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,145,Lighting,Bark used to make torches for night fishing.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
10668,1072,Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,2,Drug,,,Roots chewed for medicinal use.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
14689,1603,Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Used to make snowshoe frames.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
15211,1655,Fraxinus americana L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,17,Tools,Used to make axe and knife handles.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
15260,1659,Fraxinus nigra Marsh.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make basketware.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
15514,1689,Galium tinctorium (L.) Scop.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,254,5,Dye,136,Red,Roots used to make a red dye for porcupine quills.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 254"
16703,1835,Helianthus tuberosus L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,,,Tubers eaten.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
17259,1896,Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used to make baskets.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
17260,1896,Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Used to make mats.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
19109,2063,Juniperus sp.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for kindling and fuel.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
19520,2099,Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for kindling and fuel.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
19823,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
23152,2494,Mitchella repens L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
26980,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Boughs used to make beds.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
26981,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
26982,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for kindling and fuel.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
27112,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Boughs used to make beds.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
27113,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Roots used as sewing material for canoe birch bark products.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
27114,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
27115,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for kindling and fuel.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
28239,2977,Pinus strobus L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
28240,2977,Pinus strobus L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for kindling and fuel.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
30687,3178,Prunus sp.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
36211,3551,Salix sp.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Leaves used as tobacco.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
39374,3894,Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves used as greens in food.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
39903,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Used to make canoe slats.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
39904,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for kindling and fuel.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
39905,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Used to make arrow shafts.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
40906,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,5,Dye,,,Bark used to make a dye.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
40907,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,1,Food,27,Beverage,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
40908,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,141,Micmac,182,sd51,258,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for kindling and fuel.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
1624,73,Aesculus californica (Spach) Nutt.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,75,Staple,Nuts ground into a fine meal and eaten.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
3592,269,Angelica tomentosa S. Wats.,282,Yana,181,ss43,253,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of roots taken or poultice of roots applied for headaches.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253"
3593,269,Angelica tomentosa S. Wats.,282,Yana,181,ss43,253,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of roots taken for diarrhea.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253"
3594,269,Angelica tomentosa S. Wats.,282,Yana,181,ss43,253,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of roots taken for colds.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253"
3595,269,Angelica tomentosa S. Wats.,282,Yana,181,ss43,253,2,Drug,20,Panacea,"Decoction of roots taken for colds, diarrhea, headaches and other ailments.","Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253"
3596,269,Angelica tomentosa S. Wats.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Peeled stems eaten raw.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
3683,287,Apiaceae sp.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Roots roasted and eaten.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
7037,567,Berberis sp.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,44,Porridge,Berries pounded into a flour and used to make mush.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
7572,631,Brodiaea minor (Benth.) S. Wats.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Roots steamed and eaten.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
7810,689,Calycadenia fremontii Gray,282,Yana,181,ss43,252,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,"Cooked, dried, pounded seeds eaten for chills.","Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 252"
10118,995,Clarkia rhomboidea Dougl. ex Hook.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Seeds eaten raw or parched and finely pounded.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
15391,1671,Fritillaria sp.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Roots roasted and eaten.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
16546,1817,Helianthella californica Gray,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Flowers cooked and eaten.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
18059,2013,Iris sp.,282,Yana,181,ss43,253,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Raw roots chewed for coughs.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253"
20292,2186,Lilium pardalinum Kellogg,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Roots steamed and eaten.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
26050,2832,Perideridia gairdneri ssp. gairdneri,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Leaves eaten raw.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
26051,2832,Perideridia gairdneri ssp. gairdneri,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Roots roasted and eaten.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
26069,2835,Perideridia pringlei (Coult. & Rose) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Roots roasted and eaten.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
31514,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,282,Yana,181,ss43,253,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,"Poultice of pounded, heated roots applied to burns.","Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253"
31987,3256,Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn.,282,Yana,181,ss43,249,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Acorn flour used to make bread.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 249"
31988,3256,Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn.,282,Yana,181,ss43,249,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Acorns dried for winter use.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 249"
31989,3256,Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn.,282,Yana,181,ss43,249,1,Food,44,Porridge,Acorn flour used to make mush.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 249"
31990,3256,Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn.,282,Yana,181,ss43,249,1,Food,75,Staple,Dried acorns ground into flour.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 249"
37954,3665,Sidalcea malviflora (DC.) Gray ex Benth.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,86,Spice,"Dried, mashed leaves used to flavor black manzanita berries.","Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
38163,3705,Smilacina sp.,282,Yana,181,ss43,253,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pounded roots applied to swellings or boils.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253"
40793,4031,Triteleia grandiflora Lindl.,282,Yana,181,ss43,251,1,Food,,,Roots roasted and eaten.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 251"
43732,4217,Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt.,282,Yana,181,ss43,253,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Grass wrapped around the ties of the women's belts.,"Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253"
3382,255,Anemopsis californica (Nutt.) Hook. & Arn.,103,Kamia,180,g31,24,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Pulverized seeds used for bread.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 24"
3383,255,Anemopsis californica (Nutt.) Hook. & Arn.,103,Kamia,180,g31,24,1,Food,44,Porridge,Pulverized seeds cooked as mush.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 24"
6735,518,Atriplex torreyi (S. Wats.) S. Wats.,103,Kamia,180,g31,24,1,Food,75,Staple,Pulverized seeds made into a meal.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 24"
10079,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,103,Kamia,180,g31,21,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 21"
11582,1159,Cucumis sp.,103,Kamia,180,g31,21,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 21"
11721,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,103,Kamia,180,g31,21,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 21"
11868,1196,Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl.,103,Kamia,180,g31,24,1,Food,44,Porridge,Pulverized seeds cooked as mush.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 24"
26293,2868,Phaseolus acutifolius var. latifolius Freeman,103,Kamia,180,g31,21,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 21"
29978,3154,Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa,103,Kamia,180,g31,23,1,Food,,,Pod used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 23"
30071,3156,Prosopis pubescens Benth.,103,Kamia,180,g31,23,1,Food,,,Coiled pod used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 23"
38514,3755,Sonchus oleraceus L.,103,Kamia,180,g31,24,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Boiled leaves used for food as greens.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 24"
43237,4148,Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.,103,Kamia,180,g31,21,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 21"
44438,4244,Zea mays L.,103,Kamia,180,g31,21,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1931, The Kamia of Imperial Valley, Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, page 21"
8061,737,Carex barbarae Dewey,200,Pomo,179,b08,137,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Woody root fibers used as the white background in baskets.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 137"
8884,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,200,Pomo,179,b08,138,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Red bark used as design material for baskets.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 138"
8886,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,200,Pomo,179,b08,138,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,"White, inner bark used in basketry.","Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 138"
8888,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,287,Yuki,179,b08,138,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Red bark used as design material on twined basketry.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 138"
18823,2059,Juniperus occidentalis Hook.,200,Pomo,179,b08,139,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Root fiber used to make twined baskets.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 139"
28137,2975,Pinus sabiniana Dougl. ex Dougl.,200,Pomo,179,b08,138,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Root fiber used to make twined baskets.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 138"
31491,3214,Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn,200,Pomo,179,b08,139,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Root fiber made into coils and used in basketry.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 139"
36280,3551,Salix sp.,200,Pomo,179,b08,138,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stem used as foundation material in basketry.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 138"
37412,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,200,Pomo,179,b08,140,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stems used to make plain-twined baskets.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140"
37413,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,200,Pomo,179,b08,140,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Stems used to make boats.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140"
37461,3606,Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye,200,Pomo,179,b08,137,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Root stock fibers used as design material for baskets.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 137"
37466,3608,Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong,200,Pomo,179,b08,140,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Plant made into the heavy hoop used at the opening of the conical burden basket.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140"
37467,3608,Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong,200,Pomo,179,b08,140,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stems used to make plain-twined baskets.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140"
37468,3608,Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong,200,Pomo,179,b08,140,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Stems used as foundation material.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140"
37469,3608,Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong,200,Pomo,179,b08,140,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Stems used for thatch.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140"
37471,3608,Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong,200,Pomo,179,b08,140,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Stems used to make mats.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140"
37472,3608,Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong,200,Pomo,179,b08,140,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Root used as a weft or sewing material.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140"
43384,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,200,Pomo,179,b08,139,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Sap wood used as binding material in basketry.,"Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 139"
43390,4172,Vitis californica Benth.,200,Pomo,179,b08,139,3,Other,57,Fasteners,"Sap wood used as a binding material for brush fences, rafters, stringers and posts of earth lodges.","Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 139"
9346,886,Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) Yates,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,267,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267"
9347,886,Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) Yates,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,267,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Seeds stored for later use.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267"
10064,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Dried, whole seeds used for food.","Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
10065,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,52,Fruit,Ripe melon scooped with fingers and used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
10066,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Ripe and green melons stored in pits and the green melons ripened in storage.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
11578,1159,Cucumis sp.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Stored flesh washed in water, pounded, made into cakes and sun dried.","Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
11579,1159,Cucumis sp.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Flesh sun dried and stored in pottery jars for later use.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
11580,1159,Cucumis sp.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fresh flesh used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
11581,1159,Cucumis sp.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,,,"Seeds boiled with dried pumpkin, mashed and eaten or whole seeds eaten without husking.","Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
11705,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Dried flesh strips stored and mixed with flesh of stored whole pumpkins to improve flavor.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
11706,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,,,Parched seeds used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
11707,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Fresh flesh boiled with rind on and sometimes mixed with maize meal.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
11708,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Roasted flesh eaten with fingers.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
11709,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,266,3,Other,58,Protection,Oily kernels rubbed on hands as protection against cold.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 266"
12919,1366,Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,267,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267"
12920,1366,Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,267,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Seeds stored for later use.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267"
13171,1406,Ephedra trifurca Torr. ex S. Wats.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,268,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pulverized or boiled stems and leaves applied to sores.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 268"
26291,2868,Phaseolus acutifolius var. latifolius Freeman,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,264,1,Food,75,Staple,"Parched, ground, boiled beans and unparched maize made into a meal.","Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 264"
26292,2868,Phaseolus acutifolius var. latifolius Freeman,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,264,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Beans stored in pots for later use.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 264"
30031,3155,Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,267,1,Food,,,Pods used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267"
30032,3155,Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,267,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Pods stored for later use.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267"
30096,3158,Prosopis velutina Woot.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,267,1,Food,,,Pods used for food.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267"
30097,3158,Prosopis velutina Woot.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,267,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Pods stored for later use.,"Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 267"
43235,4148,Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.,44,Cocopa,178,giff33,264,1,Food,,,"Whole pods boiled, strings removed and used for food; very hungry people ate strings.","Gifford, E. W., 1933, The Cocopa, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31:263-270, page 264"
5587,406,Artemisia tilesii Ledeb.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,13,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of plant taken for stomachache.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 13"
5588,406,Artemisia tilesii Ledeb.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,"5, 13",2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of heated leaves applied to painful joint and used internally.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5, 13"
5589,406,Artemisia tilesii Ledeb.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,39,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Plant used as a switch during the sweatbath.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 39"
7120,577,Betula nana L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
7121,577,Betula nana L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
7798,685,Caltha palustris L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,14,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of leaves taken for constipation.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 14"
9283,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
9284,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
9896,946,Cicuta virosa L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,17,2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots considered poisonous.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 17"
12689,1335,Dryopteris campyloptera Clarkson,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
12690,1335,Dryopteris campyloptera Clarkson,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Compound decoction of leaves taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
14201,1540,Eriophorum russeolum Fries ex Hartman,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of 'cotton' from plant applied to boils to absorb the pus.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 17"
14202,1540,Eriophorum russeolum Fries ex Hartman,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,22,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,'Cotton' from plant put in corner of eye to absorb fluid from 'watery eyes.',"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 22"
14204,1541,Eriophorum scheuchzeri Hoppe,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,17,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of 'cotton' from plant applied to boils to absorb the pus.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 17"
19888,2127,Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens (Ait.) Hult‚n,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of stem and leaf used for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
19889,2127,Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens (Ait.) Hult‚n,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Compound decoction of stem and leaf used for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
20251,2182,Ligusticum scoticum ssp. hultenii (Fern.) Calder & Taylor,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,60,2,Drug,13,Poison,Mature plant in late summer considered mildly poisonous.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 60"
22501,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,39,2,Drug,149,Adjuvant,Plants added to sweatbath water container to impart fragrance.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 39"
22502,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,13,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of dried seed heads used 'for either indigestion or a cold.',"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 13"
22503,2423,Matricaria discoidea DC.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,13,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of dried seed heads used 'for either indigestion or a cold.',"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 13"
26935,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,24,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of needles taken or raw needles chewed as a cough medicine.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 24"
32835,3336,Rhodiola rosea L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of flowers taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
32836,3336,Rhodiola rosea L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,5,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Compound decoction of flowers taken for stomachache and intestinal discomfort.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5"
32837,3336,Rhodiola rosea L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,24,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Raw flowers eaten for tuberculosis.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 24"
32838,3336,Rhodiola rosea L.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,60,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Raw flowers eaten for tuberculosis.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 60"
34928,3469,Rubus sp.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,15,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Berries eaten for diarrhea.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 15"
35847,3529,Salix fuscescens Anderss.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,60,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Cotton used by old men in inner corner of eye for watery sore eye.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 60"
35848,3529,Salix fuscescens Anderss.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,"17, 60",2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Leaves chewed for mouth sores.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 17, 60"
36042,3545,Salix pulchra Cham.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,17,2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Leaves chewed for mouth sores.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 17"
36177,3551,Salix sp.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,24,2,Drug,111,Antihemorrhagic,Decoction of leaves or bark taken for lung hemorrhage.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 24"
36178,3551,Salix sp.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,"5, 6",2,Drug,23,Oral Aid,Decoction of inner bark used as a wash for mouth sores.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5, 6"
36179,3551,Salix sp.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,43,2,Drug,137,Preventive Medicine,Leaves eaten in early summer to protect against disease.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 43"
36180,3551,Salix sp.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,24,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of leaves or bark taken for lung hemorrhage.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 24"
36181,3551,Salix sp.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,"5, 6",2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Strong decoction of leaves or bark taken regularly for lung hemorrhage.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5, 6"
36182,3551,Salix sp.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,"5, 6",2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of bark gargled for sore throat.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 5, 6"
36183,3551,Salix sp.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,23,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Decoction of inner and outer bark gargled for sore throat.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 23"
37657,3641,Senecio congestus (R. Br.) DC.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,17,2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots considered poisonous.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 17"
42380,4087,Vaccinium sp.,75,"Eskimo, Western",177,l59,15,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of berries taken for diarrhea.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 15"
81,2,Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Gum from plant blisters applied to sores.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
881,38,Achillea millefolium L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of dried, powdered leaves applied to swellings and sores.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
1312,55,Acorus calamus L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of root used for irregular periods.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
1315,55,Acorus calamus L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Root chewed or decoction of root used as cold remedy.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
1588,71,Adiantum pedatum L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Compound decoction of root used for dysentery.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
3826,297,Apocynum cannabinum L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,16,Anthelmintic,Decoction of root taken for worms.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
4048,318,Aralia nudicaulis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Compound decoction of root used for sores.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
4049,318,Aralia nudicaulis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Compound decoction of root taken for 'lung trouble.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
4262,327,Arctium lappa L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of boiled leaves applied to scrofulous sores on the neck.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
4263,327,Arctium lappa L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Poultice of boiled leaves applied to scrofulous sores on the neck.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
4833,367,Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,Compounded pulverized root used in lip incision to counteract 'witchery' to face.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
6018,421,Asarum canadense L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of root used for indigestion.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
6301,446,Asclepias syriaca L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Buds eaten or decoction of root used for chest discomfort.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
6347,447,Asclepias tuberosa L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of root used or decoction taken for bruises and swellings.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
6349,447,Asclepias tuberosa L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Poultice of root used or decoction taken for lameness.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
6350,447,Asclepias tuberosa L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of pounded root taken as a tonic.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
7216,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of inner bark used for dysentery.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
7217,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of branch tips used as a tonic.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
7968,723,Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.,138,Menominee,176,d32,134,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of whole plant used as a wash for poison ivy.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 134"
8607,807,Ceanothus americanus L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of root taken for cough with a 'tendency to consumption.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
9624,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Decoction of leaves taken to 'clear the blood.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
9625,915,Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Compound decoction of root taken after childbirth to aid internal healing.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
10528,1055,Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Compound decoction of root taken as a mild tonic.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
12504,1298,Diervilla lonicera P. Mill.,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,11,Blood Medicine,Compound decoction of stalk used to 'clear the blood.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
14561,1582,Eupatorium purpureum L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Compound decoction of root taken after childbirth 'for internal healing.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
16442,1799,Hamamelis virginiana L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,120,2,Drug,18,Other,Dried seeds used in a test to tell whether sick person would recover.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 120"
16529,1814,Helenium autumnale L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound of dried flowers applied to small cuts made on temples for headache.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
16530,1814,Helenium autumnale L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Snuff of compounded flowers used to cause sneezing for headaches.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
16769,1850,Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa (Pursh) Steyermark,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Compound decoction of root used for dysentery.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
17035,1865,Heuchera americana L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root used for stomach pain.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
17036,1865,Heuchera americana L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Raw root eaten for 'disordered stomach.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
17543,1936,Hydrophyllum virginianum L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Compound decoction of root used for chest pain.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
20169,2171,Liatris spicata (L.) Willd.,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,104,Heart Medicine,Compound decoction of root used for a 'weak heart.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
20307,2188,Lilium philadelphicum L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Poultice of boiled, mashed root applied to sores.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
20549,2214,Lithospermum canescens (Michx.) Lehm.,138,Menominee,176,d32,128,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Compound infusion taken and rubbed on body to quiet person near convulsions.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128"
22686,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of whole plant used for fever.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
23150,2494,Mitchella repens L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Decoction of leaves used for 'diseases of women.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
23243,2504,Monarda fistulosa L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Decoction of stem and leaves used as strengthening bath for infants.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
23673,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,77,Diaphoretic,"Decoction of whole plant, except root, taken to produce perspiration.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
23675,2574,Nepeta cataria L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,15,Sedative,"Decoction of whole plant, except root, taken to produce restful sleep.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
24963,2694,Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx.) C.B. Clarke,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of root used as an eyewash for sore eyes.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
28230,2977,Pinus strobus L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of pounded inner bark applied to sores.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
28502,3005,Plantago rugelii var. asperula Farw.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of fresh leaves applied to burn or any inflammation.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
28503,3005,Plantago rugelii var. asperula Farw.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of fresh leaves applied to any inflammation.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
28826,3048,Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell.,138,Menominee,176,d32,134,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Compound poultice of boiled, mashed root applied for sharp pains.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 134"
30212,3159,Prunella vulgaris L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,"Infusion of stalk used, especially good for babies, for dysentery.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
30213,3159,Prunella vulgaris L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,"Infusion of stalk used, especially good for babies, for dysentery.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
30913,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Decoction of inner bark used for lung trouble.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
31119,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Dried leaves steamed as an inhalant for headache.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
31121,3194,Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,60,Psychological Aid,Dried leaves steamed as an inhalant for 'foolishness.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
32023,3259,Quercus ellipsoidalis E.J. Hill,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of inner bark taken for suppressed menses caused by cold.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
32289,3273,Quercus macrocarpa Michx.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of inner bark taken for suppressed menses caused by cold.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
33279,3355,Rhus typhina L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,"Decoction of 'red top' sweetened, strained, 'boiled down' and used for coughs.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
34370,3444,Rubus canadensis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Simple or compound decoction of root used for dysentery.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
35883,3532,Salix humilis Marsh.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of stalk taken as a general tonic.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
36810,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,122,Antidote,Decoction of scraped inner bark used as a quick emetic in cases of poisoning.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
36813,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Decoction of scraped inner bark used as a quick emetic in cases of poisoning.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
37015,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,84,Abortifacient,Compound decoction of root used for irregular periods.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
38111,3696,Sisyrinchium atlanticum Bickn.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,22,Gynecological Aid,Compound decoction of plant taken to help expel afterbirth.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
38416,3735,Solidago flexicaulis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,129,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Snuff of dried, powdered leaves used for headache.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 129"
38417,3735,Solidago flexicaulis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,132,2,Drug,65,Hemostat,"Compound of powdered, dried leaves inserted in nostrils to check nosebleed.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
39247,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,138,Menominee,176,d32,128129,2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,"Compound infusion of dried, powdered root used by children and adults for convulsions.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128129"
39249,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,138,Menominee,176,d32,128129,2,Drug,104,Heart Medicine,Decoction of root used for 'weak heart.',"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128129"
39251,3880,Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.,138,Menominee,176,d32,128,2,Drug,42,Pediatric Aid,Compound infusion used by children or adults for convulsions.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128"
39892,3950,Thuja occidentalis L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,134,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,"Compound poultice of dried, powdered leaves applied to swellings.","Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 134"
40707,4020,Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,117,Diuretic,Infusion of root used as a diuretic.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
40893,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,138,Menominee,176,d32,134,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Compound containing branches steamed for swellings.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 134"
40896,4041,Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.,138,Menominee,176,d32,134,2,Drug,78,Herbal Steam,Herbal steam from compound containing branches used for swellings.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 134"
42997,4127,Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Strong decoction of root taken as powerful cathartic.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
42999,4127,Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Strong decoction of root taken as powerful emetic.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
43000,4127,Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw.,138,Menominee,176,d32,131,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Infusion of root taken as a mild laxative.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 131"
43504,4184,Vitis vulpina L.,138,Menominee,176,d32,134,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Ripe grape squeezed into eye to remove rice husk at rice-making camp.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 134"
44334,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of pounded inner bark used for rheumatism and sharp pains.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
44335,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,138,Menominee,176,d32,133,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of pounded inner bark applied for rheumatism and sharp pains.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
44336,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,138,Menominee,176,d32,130,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for cold settled in the chest.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 130"
44341,4241,Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill.,138,Menominee,176,d32,128,2,Drug,15,Sedative,Compound infusion taken and rubbed on body to quiet person near convulsions.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128"
5251,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken for 'fits.',"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
5255,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Compound infusion or decoction of root used on bleeding wounds.,"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
5257,397,Artemisia frigida Willd.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken or used externally as stimulant.,"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
6484,472,Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken for 'fits.',"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
6486,472,Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Compound infusion or decoction of root used on bleeding wounds.,"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
6488,472,Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken or used externally as stimulant.,"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
28785,3046,Polygala senega L.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken for 'fits.',"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
28788,3046,Polygala senega L.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Compound infusion or decoction of root used on bleeding wounds.,"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
28790,3046,Polygala senega L.,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken or used externally as stimulant.,"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
33935,3419,Rosa arkansana Porter,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,97,Anticonvulsive,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken for 'fits.',"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
33937,3419,Rosa arkansana Porter,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,65,Hemostat,Compound infusion or decoction of root used on bleeding wounds.,"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
33939,3419,Rosa arkansana Porter,38,Chippewa,175,d13,"63, 64",2,Drug,90,Stimulant,Compound infusion or decoction of root taken or used externally as stimulant.,"Densmore, Frances, 1913, Chippewa Music-II, SI-BAE Bulletin #53, page 63, 64"
1841,96,Agave sp.,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,257,1,Food,,,Pit baked and used for food.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
3229,231,Amsinckia spectabilis Fisch. & C.A. Mey.,193,Pima,174,h08,264,1,Food,,,Young leaves rolled into balls and eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 264"
3232,232,Amsinckia tessellata Gray,193,Pima,174,h08,264,1,Food,,,Leaves eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 264"
6686,508,Atriplex lentiformis (Torr.) S. Wats.,193,Pima,174,h08,263,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds pounded into meal, cooked, mixed with water and eaten as mush.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 263"
7950,721,Canotia holacantha Torr.,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,258,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 258"
8139,757,Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,257,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,"Fruits sun dried, made into large cakes and used for food.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
8140,757,Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,257,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
10548,1057,Condalia hookeri var. hookeri,136,Maricopa,174,h08,265,1,Food,52,Fruit,Black berries used for food.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 265"
10549,1057,Condalia hookeri var. hookeri,136,Maricopa,174,h08,262,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
10550,1057,Condalia hookeri var. hookeri,193,Pima,174,h08,262,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
10551,1057,Condalia hookeri var. hookeri,193,Pima,174,h08,262,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits roasted and used for food.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
10552,1057,Condalia hookeri var. hookeri,193,Pima,174,h08,262,1,Food,7,Sauce & Relish,"Berries cooked, strained and juice boiled to make syrup.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
12384,1273,Descurainia pinnata ssp. pinnata,193,Pima,174,h08,263,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Seeds parched, ground and eaten mixed with hot or cold water.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 263"
12463,1292,Dichelostemma capitatum ssp. capitatum,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,258,1,Food,,,Blue flowers eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 258"
12464,1292,Dichelostemma capitatum ssp. capitatum,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,258,1,Food,,,Bulbs eaten raw or cooked in spring.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 258"
13100,1395,Encelia farinosa Gray ex Torr.,193,Pima,174,h08,265,1,Food,85,Candy,Amber colored gum used for chewing gum.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 265"
14738,1610,Ferocactus wislizeni (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,257,1,Food,27,Beverage,Juice used for extreme thirst.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
14739,1610,Ferocactus wislizeni (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,257,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Small, black seeds parched, ground, boiled and eaten as mush.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
17290,1900,Hoffmannseggia glauca (Ortega) Eifert,193,Pima,174,h08,262,1,Food,,,Bulbs eaten raw or boiled.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
21413,2315,Lycium fremontii Gray,136,Maricopa,174,h08,265,1,Food,52,Fruit,Black berries used for food.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 265"
21419,2315,Lycium fremontii Gray,193,Pima,174,h08,262,1,Food,52,Fruit,Red berries cooked and eaten warm or cold with sugar.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
22338,2398,Malva nicaeensis All.,193,Pima,174,h08,264,1,Food,,,"Leaves cooked, mixed with white flour, cooked again and used for food.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 264"
22356,2403,Mammillaria grahamii Engelm.,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,257,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten for food.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
24365,2633,Olneya tesota Gray,193,Pima,174,h08,263,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Seeds formerly dried, roasted, ground coarsely and used for food.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 263"
24711,2663,Opuntia leptocaulis DC.,193,Pima,174,h08,261,1,Food,52,Fruit,Small fruits eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 261"
24798,2670,Opuntia sp.,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,257,1,Food,44,Porridge,"Seeds parched, ground, boiled and eaten as mush.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
24799,2670,Opuntia sp.,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,257,1,Food,75,Staple,"Seeds parched, ground and flour eaten with drafts of water.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
24837,2670,Opuntia sp.,136,Maricopa,174,h08,265,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 265"
24847,2670,Opuntia sp.,188,Papago,174,h08,262,1,Food,4,Dried Food,"Fruits pit cooked, dried, boiled, salted and eaten with pinole.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
24856,2670,Opuntia sp.,193,Pima,174,h08,262,1,Food,,,Cooked and used for food.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
24857,2670,Opuntia sp.,193,Pima,174,h08,257,1,Food,,,"Pulp sliced, cooked with mesquite bean pods and used for food.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
24917,2685,Orobanche ludoviciana ssp. multiflora (Nutt.) Collins,193,Pima,174,h08,264,1,Food,,,Plants cooked and used for food.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 264"
25795,2794,Peniocereus greggii var. greggii,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,257,1,Food,,,"Red, doughnut-like fruits and flowers used for food.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 257"
29459,3101,Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni (S. Wats.) Eckenwalder,193,Pima,174,h08,265,1,Food,85,Candy,Buds used for chewing gum in early spring.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 265"
30042,3155,Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L. Benson) M.C. Johnston,193,Pima,174,h08,261,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Beans sun dried, pounded into meal, mixed with cold water and used as a drink.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 261"
30081,3156,Prosopis pubescens Benth.,193,Pima,174,h08,261,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Beans sun dried, pounded into meal, mixed with cold water and used as a drink.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 261"
35409,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,193,Pima,174,h08,264,2,Drug,,,Roots used for medicine.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 264"
35414,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,193,Pima,174,h08,265,1,Food,85,Candy,Roots used for chewing gum by school girls.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 265"
35417,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,193,Pima,174,h08,264,1,Food,,,"Stalks formerly cooked or roasted, peeled and insides eaten.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 264"
39029,3848,Suaeda suffrutescens S. Wats.,188,Papago,174,h08,264,1,Food,86,Spice,Leaves and stalks lined inside cooking holes to give cactus fruits a salty flavor.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 264"
39030,3848,Suaeda suffrutescens S. Wats.,188,Papago,174,h08,262,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves and stalks used to line cooking pits.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
39032,3848,Suaeda suffrutescens S. Wats.,193,Pima,174,h08,264,1,Food,86,Spice,Leaves and stalks lined inside cooking holes to give cactus fruits a salty flavor.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 264"
39033,3848,Suaeda suffrutescens S. Wats.,193,Pima,174,h08,262,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Leaves and stalks used to line cooking pits.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
44223,4235,Yucca schottii Engelm.,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,258,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Fruits dried and used for food.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 258"
44224,4235,Yucca schottii Engelm.,13,"Apache, San Carlos",174,h08,258,1,Food,52,Fruit,"Fruits cooked, skins peeled off and pulp used for food.","Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 258"
44225,4235,Yucca schottii Engelm.,188,Papago,174,h08,262,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits cooked and eaten with white flour.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
44226,4235,Yucca schottii Engelm.,188,Papago,174,h08,262,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
44227,4235,Yucca schottii Engelm.,188,Papago,174,h08,262,3,Other,132,Cash Crop,Dried fruits sold to the Pimas.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
44228,4235,Yucca schottii Engelm.,193,Pima,174,h08,262,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits cooked and eaten with white flour.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
44229,4235,Yucca schottii Engelm.,193,Pima,174,h08,262,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruits eaten raw.,"Hrdlicka, Ales, 1908, Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, SI-BAE Bulletin #34:1-427, page 262"
5650,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,68,Antidiarrheal,Decoction of herbs taken for diarrhea.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
5653,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Decoction of herbs used as an eyewash.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
5654,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Smashed herbs used as substitute for liniment.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
13573,1443,Ericameria bloomeri (Gray) J.F. Macbr.,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of smashed leaves applied to blisters.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
13661,1454,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of smashed herbs applied to blisters.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
14183,1534,Eriogonum umbellatum var. ellipticum (Nutt.) Reveal,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Poultice of leaves applied to burns.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
15098,1648,Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,40,Emetic,"Infusion of leaves, twigs, bark and berries taken as an emetic.","Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
31668,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of roots taken for coughs.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
31669,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,40,Emetic,"Infusion of smashed, dried, ripe, bitter fruits taken as an emetic.","Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
31672,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,48,Pulmonary Aid,Infusion of roots taken for lung troubles.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
31674,3231,Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Infusion of roots taken for bronchial troubles.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
43614,4204,Wyethia mollis Gray,115,Klamath,173,s30,131,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of smashed roots applied to swellings.,"Spier, Leslie, 1930, Klamath Ethnography, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 30:1-338, page 131"
4661,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
13087,1393,Empetrum nigrum L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
16517,1811,Hedysarum boreale ssp. mackenziei (Richards.) Welsh,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
33604,3376,Ribes laxiflorum Pursh,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
33904,3417,Rosa acicularis Lindl.,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,52,Fruit,Rose hips used for food.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
34505,3453,Rubus idaeus L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
42431,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
42433,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries mixed with grease and preserved in caches.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
42459,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
42463,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries preserved in caches.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
43078,4130,Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf.,255,"Tanana, Upper",172,g74,28,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 9, page 28"
1457,61,Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,17,2,Drug,13,Poison,Fruits considered poisonous.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 17"
3418,257,Angelica archangelica L.,70,"Eskimo, Greenland",171,p53,28,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Tender, young leaf stalks and peeled, young flowering stems eaten raw.","Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 28"
4330,332,Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,23,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten greedily by bears and ptarmigan.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 23"
4478,344,Arctostaphylos rubra (Rehd. & Wilson) Fern.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,23,1,Food,5,Forage,Berries eaten greedily by bears and ptarmigan.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 23"
4569,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,23,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries cooked and eaten.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 23"
4570,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,23,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,"Leaves powdered, dried, used as a substitute for tobacco or mixed with the tobacco and smoked.","Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 23"
9336,884,Chamerion latifolium (L.) Holub,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,25,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Flowers eaten raw as a salad.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 25"
9337,884,Chamerion latifolium (L.) Holub,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,25,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves cooked and eaten.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 25"
9338,884,Chamerion latifolium (L.) Holub,70,"Eskimo, Greenland",171,p53,25,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Flowers and leaves eaten raw with seal blubber.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 25"
9890,945,Cicuta sp.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,17,2,Drug,13,Poison,Roots considered poisonous.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 17"
10186,1010,Claytonia tuberosa Pallas ex J.A. Schultes,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,31,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Tubers boiled and eaten.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 31"
12053,1234,Dasiphora floribunda (Pursh) Kartesz,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,31,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves dried and used as a substitute for tea.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 31"
13068,1393,Empetrum nigrum L.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,21,1,Food,66,Frozen Food,Berries stored frozen and eaten with seal blubber or oil.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 21"
13069,1393,Empetrum nigrum L.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,21,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries eaten fresh.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 21"
16500,1809,Hedysarum alpinum L.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,30,1,Food,5,Forage,Root tubers eaten by brown and black bears and meadow mice.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 30"
16501,1809,Hedysarum alpinum L.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,30,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Tubers located in mice 'caches' by specially trained dogs and eaten.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 30"
17389,1906,Honckenya peploides (L.) Ehrh.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,29,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young stems and leaves pickled as 'sauerkraut' or eaten as a potherb.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 29"
19795,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,31,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves dried and used as a substitute for tea.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 31"
19881,2127,Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens (Ait.) Hult‚n,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,31,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves dried and used as a substitute for tea.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 31"
25226,2715,Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",171,p53,24,1,Food,,,Fresh leaves mixed with seal blubber and eaten.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 24"
25229,2715,Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,24,1,Food,,,Leaves and young stems eaten raw and cooked.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 24"
25230,2715,Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill,70,"Eskimo, Greenland",171,p53,24,1,Food,,,Fresh leaves mixed with seal blubber and eaten.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 24"
25231,2715,Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill,70,"Eskimo, Greenland",171,p53,24,1,Food,,,"Juice sweetened, thickened with a small amount of rice or potato flour and eaten.","Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 24"
25673,2775,Pedicularis kanei ssp. kanei,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,23,1,Food,,,Flowers sucked by children for the sweet nectar.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 23"
25674,2775,Pedicularis kanei ssp. kanei,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,23,1,Food,,,Roots eaten either raw or cooked.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 23"
25675,2775,Pedicularis kanei ssp. kanei,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,23,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Flowering stems boiled and eaten as a potherb.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 23"
26178,2840,Petasites frigidus (L.) Fries,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,26,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young leaves & flowering stems eaten raw as salad, cooked as a potherb or made into a 'sauerkraut.'","Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 26"
28846,3051,Polygonum alpinum All.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,26,1,Food,27,Beverage,Juice sweetened and used to make a beverage.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 26"
28847,3051,Polygonum alpinum All.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,26,1,Food,88,Pie & Pudding,Stems stewed and used as pie filling.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 26"
28848,3051,Polygonum alpinum All.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,26,1,Food,,,Stems stewed and eaten.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 26"
32829,3336,Rhodiola rosea L.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,28,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young leaves & flowering stems eaten raw as salad, cooked as a potherb or made into a 'sauerkraut.'","Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 28"
34386,3445,Rubus chamaemorus L.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,21,1,Food,171,Ice Cream,"Berries mixed with seal oil and chewed caribou tallow, beaten and eaten as 'Eskimo ice cream.'","Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 21"
35216,3483,Rumex arcticus Trautv.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,26,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves from young stems eaten raw as a salad or cooked like spinach.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 26"
36034,3545,Salix pulchra Cham.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,29,1,Food,,,Leaves used for food.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 29"
37336,3594,Saxifraga nelsoniana ssp. nelsoniana,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,29,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves eaten raw with seal blubber or as 'sauerkraut.',"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 29"
37655,3641,Senecio congestus (R. Br.) DC.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,27,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young leaves & flowering stems eaten raw as salad, cooked as a potherb or made into a 'sauerkraut.'","Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 27"
39407,3896,Taraxacum sp.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,29,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Tender, young leaves eaten in salads and as a potherb.","Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 29"
42438,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,22,1,Food,27,Beverage,Juice diluted and sweetened to make a refreshing beverage.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 22"
42439,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,22,1,Food,66,Frozen Food,Berries frozen and stored until the next spring.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 22"
42440,4089,Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.,68,"Eskimo, Arctic",171,p53,22,1,Food,1,Preserves,Berries used to make jams and jellies.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 22"
10676,1072,Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb.,173,Ojibwa,170,j35,114,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Roots boiled to obtain a yellow dye.,"Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 114"
15615,1702,Gaultheria procumbens L.,173,Ojibwa,170,j35,17,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves used to make tea.,"Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 17"
18605,2057,Juniperus horizontalis Moench,173,Ojibwa,170,j35,17,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves used to make tea.,"Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 17"
19834,2125,Ledum groenlandicum Oeder,173,Ojibwa,170,j35,17,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves used to make tea.,"Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 17"
23568,2557,Myrica gale L.,173,Ojibwa,170,j35,114,5,Dye,72,Yellow,Seeds boiled to obtain a yellow dye.,"Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 114"
37049,3572,Sanguinaria canadensis L.,173,Ojibwa,170,j35,114,5,Dye,136,Red,Roots boiled to obtain a red dye.,"Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 114"
29004,3076,Polypodium glycyrrhiza D.C. Eat.,167,Nootka,169,s69,"80, 81",2,Drug,190,Alterative,Plant used as an excellent alterative for venereal complaints.,"Swan, James Gilchrist, 1869, The Indians of Cape Flattery ... Washington Territory, Washington, DC. Smithsonian Institution, page 80, 81"
29005,3076,Polypodium glycyrrhiza D.C. Eat.,167,Nootka,169,s69,"80, 81",2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Plant used as an excellent alterative for venereal complaints.,"Swan, James Gilchrist, 1869, The Indians of Cape Flattery ... Washington Territory, Washington, DC. Smithsonian Institution, page 80, 81"
31796,3241,Pyrola elliptica Nutt.,167,Nootka,169,s69,79,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Poultice of bruised plant applied to 'tumors.',"Swan, James Gilchrist, 1869, The Indians of Cape Flattery ... Washington Territory, Washington, DC. Smithsonian Institution, page 79"
31810,3243,Pyrola sp.,167,Nootka,169,s69,81,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant used for 'derangement' of stomach and bowels.,"Swan, James Gilchrist, 1869, The Indians of Cape Flattery ... Washington Territory, Washington, DC. Smithsonian Institution, page 81"
38264,3719,Solanum dulcamara L.,167,Nootka,169,s69,81,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Plant used for 'derangement' of stomach and bowels.,"Swan, James Gilchrist, 1869, The Indians of Cape Flattery ... Washington Territory, Washington, DC. Smithsonian Institution, page 81"
1399,56,Acourtia microcephala DC.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Decoction of plant taken to produce 'a very quick passage of the bowels.',"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
1497,66,Adenostoma fasciculatum Hook. & Arn.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,79,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Plant used to make a drink given to sick cows.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 79"
1517,67,Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,"77, 78",2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of twigs taken for stomach and intestinal pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77, 78"
1518,67,Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,"77, 78",2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Infusion of twigs used 'to produce vomit and bowel relief.',"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77, 78"
1519,67,Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,"77, 78",2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pulverized twigs mixed with grease and used as a salve.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77, 78"
1520,67,Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,"77, 78",2,Drug,40,Emetic,Infusion of twigs used 'to produce vomit and bowel relief.',"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77, 78"
1521,67,Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,"77, 78",2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of twigs taken for stomach and intestinal pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77, 78"
1522,67,Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,77,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Used as building material.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77"
1523,67,Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,77,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77"
1524,67,Adenostoma sparsifolium Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,77,3,Other,37,Fuel,Used for fuel.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 77"
5609,407,Artemisia tridentata Nutt.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of leaves taken for stomach complaints.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
6111,430,Asclepias erosa Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,75,1,Food,85,Candy,"Sap collected, set aside to solidify, heated over the fire and used as a chewing gum.","Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 75"
6793,535,Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav¢n) Pers.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of leaves used as an eyewash.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
11599,1161,Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,80,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Poultice of crushed root and sugar applied to saddle sores on horses.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 80"
12150,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,80,2,Drug,153,Hallucinogen,"Plant used as a 'delirient,' but with extreme danger, as it can cause death.","Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 80"
12151,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,75,2,Drug,13,Poison,Pulverized plant given with water to cause death and now almost wholly avoided.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 75"
12152,1244,Datura wrightii Regel,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,80,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Crushed plant mixed with water and rubbed into saddle sores on horses.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 80"
13133,1403,Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,"73, 74",2,Drug,,,Plant used for unspecified medicinal purposes.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 73, 74"
13134,1403,Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,73,1,Food,27,Beverage,Used to make a pleasant and refreshing beverage.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 73"
13648,1454,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,79,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of twigs taken for chest pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 79"
13649,1454,Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,79,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of twigs taken for coughs.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 79"
13693,1457,Ericameria palmeri var. palmeri,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Poultice of leaves and twigs applied to feet for swelling and pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
13694,1457,Ericameria palmeri var. palmeri,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Hot poultice of leaves and twigs bound to feet for swelling and pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
13857,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,"Decoction of leaves used as a wash for 'sore parts' or painful, fatigued limbs.","Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
13858,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to men and animals with sores.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
13859,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Decoction of leaves used as a wash for painful or fatigued limbs.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
13860,1488,Eriodictyon californicum (Hook. & Arn.) Torr.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Poultice of leaves applied to men and animals with sores.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
13998,1506,Eriogonum fasciculatum Benth.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Decoction of leaves taken for headache and stomach pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
13999,1506,Eriogonum fasciculatum Benth.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Infusion of flower used as an eyewash.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
14000,1506,Eriogonum fasciculatum Benth.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Decoction of leaves taken for stomach pain and headache.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
19580,2101,Larrea tridentata (Sess‚ & Moc. ex DC.) Coville,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Infusion of leaves taken for bowel complaints and consumption.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
19581,2101,Larrea tridentata (Sess‚ & Moc. ex DC.) Coville,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Infusion of leaves taken for consumption and bowel complaints.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
19582,2101,Larrea tridentata (Sess‚ & Moc. ex DC.) Coville,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,79,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,"Plant given to horses for colds, distemper or runny nose.","Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 79"
23744,2577,Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,74,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,"Leaves pounded, mixed with water, chewed and used as a smoking material.","Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 74"
33025,3350,Rhus ovata S. Wats.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of leaves taken for chest pain.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
33026,3350,Rhus ovata S. Wats.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,78,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Infusion of leaves taken for coughs.,"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 78"
38053,3688,Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneid.,42,Coahuilla,168,b67,74,1,Food,27,Beverage,Ground nut meal boiled into a 'coffee.',"Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 74"
1003,40,Achillea millefolium var. borealis (Bong.) Farw.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,2,Drug,,,Infusion of dried plants used for medicinal purposes.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
2673,177,Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata (Regel) A.& D. L”ve,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,5,Dye,,,Bark used for dying reindeer skins.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
3347,251,Anemone narcissiflora L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,171,Ice Cream,"Leaves, other salad greens and oil beaten to a creamy consistency and frozen into 'ice cream.'","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
3348,251,Anemone narcissiflora L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Leaves prepared in oil together with other salad greens and beaten to a creamy consistency.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
3529,265,Angelica lucida L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Used like celery.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
4329,332,Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
5519,404,Artemisia sp.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of powdered plant used for swellings.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
5520,404,Artemisia sp.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Infusion of dried plants used for colds.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
5521,404,Artemisia sp.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of powdered plant used for injuries.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
7807,686,Caltha palustris var. palustris,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Leaves eaten fresh.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
8404,772,Cassiope tetragona (L.) D. Don,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,"Plant, mosses and lichens gathered for insulating houses against cold.","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
9277,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,"Young shoots gathered, boiled and mixed with other plants and sometimes bacon.","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
10121,997,Claytonia acutifolia Pallas ex J.A. Schultes,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Fleshy taproots used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
10835,1091,Cornus canadensis L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Gathered and mixed with other berries.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
11150,1104,Cornus suecica L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Gathered and mixed with other berries.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
12052,1234,Dasiphora floribunda (Pursh) Kartesz,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,27,Beverage,Dried leaves used to make tea.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
13067,1393,Empetrum nigrum L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
16520,1812,Hedysarum sp.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Fleshy roots used the same as potatoes.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
17277,1897,Hippuris tetraphylla L. f.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Small, young leaves eaten as greens.","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
17393,1907,Honckenya peploides ssp. major (Hook.) Hult‚n,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Leaves used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
18054,2012,Iris setosa Pallas ex Link,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,27,Beverage,"Roasted, ground seeds used for coffee.","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
19701,2108,Lathyrus japonicus var. maritimus (L.) Kartesz & Gandhi,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,27,Beverage,Roasted seeds used to make coffee.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
19878,2127,Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens (Ait.) Hult‚n,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,2,Drug,,,Infusion of leaves used for medicinal purposes.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
19879,2127,Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens (Ait.) Hult‚n,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,27,Beverage,Leaves used for tea.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
20250,2182,Ligusticum scoticum ssp. hultenii (Fern.) Calder & Taylor,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,"Cut, mixed with fish and boiled for winter use.","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
22978,2466,Mertensia maritima (L.) S.F. Gray,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Rootstock used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
25228,2715,Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,"Leaves eaten fresh, soured, boiled or in oil and root also utilized.","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
25682,2779,Pedicularis sp.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,1,Food,163,Sour,Soured leaves used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
25684,2779,Pedicularis sp.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,1,Food,,,Root used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
26173,2840,Petasites frigidus (L.) Fries,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves used for greens.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
26916,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of resin applied to wounds.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
26917,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,2,Drug,,,Infusion of needles used as medicine for all purposes.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
26918,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,1,Food,85,Candy,Resin chewed for pleasure.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
32697,3313,Ranunculus pallasii Schlecht.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,"Rootstocks used as food, but became bitter after leaves developed.","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
32825,3335,Rhodiola integrifolia ssp. integrifolia,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,"Plant eaten fresh, soured or in oil.","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
32826,3335,Rhodiola integrifolia ssp. integrifolia,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Root used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
33753,3397,Ribes triste Pallas,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
35213,3483,Rumex arcticus Trautv.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,"Leaves eaten fresh, soured, boiled or in oil.  Root also utilized.","Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
36029,3545,Salix pulchra Cham.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Cambium layer scraped off and eaten.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
36031,3545,Salix pulchra Cham.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Young shoots and catkins used fresh or in seal oil.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
36033,3545,Salix pulchra Cham.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Young shoots and catkins stored in oil for winter use.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
37333,3594,Saxifraga nelsoniana ssp. nelsoniana,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Leaves eaten fresh or in oil.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
37334,3594,Saxifraga nelsoniana ssp. nelsoniana,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,,,Leaves preserved for long periods in oil.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
39406,3896,Taraxacum sp.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,716,1,Food,,,Scalded leaves used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
41949,4069,Vaccinium alpinum Bigel.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
42405,4088,Vaccinium uliginosum L.,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
42472,4090,Vaccinium vitis-idaea ssp. minus (Lodd.) Hult‚n,67,"Eskimo, Alaska",167,a39,715,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
5,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Bark and other plants used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
6,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark and other plants used for 'sickness.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
7,1,Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes,86,Haisla,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Cambium used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
265,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
266,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
267,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
268,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
315,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
316,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
317,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
318,6,Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
465,24,Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel,78,Gitksan,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark used to make baskets.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
466,24,Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Hook.) Dippel,78,Gitksan,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Inner bark used to make mats.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
2434,170,Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark and other plants used to make a salve.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
2495,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Bark used as a purgative.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
2500,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark used to make a wound dressing and wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
2501,172,Alnus rubra Bong.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
2676,177,Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata (Regel) A.& D. L”ve,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Bark and other plants used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
7202,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used to make baskets.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
7203,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to make containers and waterproof wrappings.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
7204,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,3,Other,145,Lighting,Used to make torches.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
7312,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to make containers and waterproof wrappings.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
7313,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,3,Other,145,Lighting,Used to make torches.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
9077,860,Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach,86,Haisla,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,73,Clothing,Inner bark fiber used to make clothing for the nobility.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
9285,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Shoots and stems used for food in summer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
9286,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,86,Haisla,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Shoots and stems used for food in summer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
9325,882,Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Shoots and stems used for food in summer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
11143,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark used to make a skin wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
11144,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Bark used for fevers.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
11145,1102,Cornus sericea ssp. sericea,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,74,Hemorrhoid Remedy,Bark used for postpartum hemorrhaging.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
16824,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Stems used for food in spring.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
16826,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,86,Haisla,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Stems used for food in spring.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
16957,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Stems used for food in spring.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
21218,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,82,Burn Dressing,Bark used for burns.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
21219,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark used for wounds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
21220,2265,Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,129,Disinfectant,Bark used for infections.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24426,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Bark and other plants used for arthritis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24428,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Bark and other plants used for cancer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24430,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24431,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24432,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark and other plants used as a skin wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24434,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner bark applied to wounds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24436,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Bark used as a 'cleanser.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24437,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Bark and other plants used for diabetes.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24438,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24442,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Bark and other plants used for bronchitis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24443,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24444,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Bark and other plants used for tuberculosis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24446,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Inner bark chewed during pre-hunting purification rituals.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24449,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Bark and other plants used for arthritis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24450,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Bark and other plants used for cancer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24451,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24452,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24453,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark and other plants used as a skin wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24454,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner bark applied to wounds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24455,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Bark used as a 'cleanser.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24456,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Bark and other plants used for diabetes.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24457,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24458,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Bark and other plants used for bronchitis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24459,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24460,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Bark and other plants used for tuberculosis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24461,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Inner bark chewed during pre-hunting purification rituals.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24550,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Bark and other plants used for arthritis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24551,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,64,Cancer Treatment,Bark and other plants used for cancer.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24552,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24553,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24554,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Bark and other plants used as a skin wash.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24555,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Poultice of inner bark applied to wounds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24556,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Bark used as a 'cleanser.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24557,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Bark and other plants used for diabetes.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24558,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24559,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Bark and other plants used for bronchitis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24560,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24561,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,49,Tuberculosis Remedy,Bark and other plants used for tuberculosis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
24562,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Inner bark chewed during pre-hunting purification rituals.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26936,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26937,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26938,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26939,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
26940,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,78,Gitksan,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Cambium eaten fresh.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
27041,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,21,Cold Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for colds.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27042,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27043,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,87,Misc. Disease Remedy,Decoction of bark or inner bark used for flu.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27044,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark or inner bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27045,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Cambium eaten fresh.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
27419,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Decoction of bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27421,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark used for medicines.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
27423,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Sap eaten fresh.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
27486,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,151,1,Food,4,Dried Food,Inner bark strips dried and stored for future food use.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
27487,2953,Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Sap eaten fresh.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
29283,3097,Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) Brayshaw,86,Haisla,166,g92,151,1,Food,,,Cambium eaten fresh in spring.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
29605,3106,Populus tremuloides Michx.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,29,Cathartic,Bark used as a purgative.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
30491,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark used for medicine.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
30514,3172,Prunus pensylvanica L. f.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,9,Cough Medicine,Bark used for coughs.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
36076,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Bark strips used for cord or rope.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
36077,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Bark strips used for hanging fish.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
36078,3547,Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Bark strips used for twining into nets or fish line.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
36783,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Bark used as an emetic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
36842,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark used for medicine.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
37607,3632,Sedum divergens S. Wats.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Leaves used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
37608,3632,Sedum divergens S. Wats.,86,Haisla,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Leaves used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
37617,3632,Sedum divergens S. Wats.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,154,1,Food,,,Leaves used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 154"
38565,3761,Sorbus scopulina Greene,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Bark used for fevers.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
38566,3761,Sorbus scopulina Greene,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Bark used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
38567,3761,Sorbus scopulina Greene,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,,,Bark used for general sickness.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39112,3849,Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,2,Drug,25,Eye Medicine,Bark used to make an eye medicine.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39960,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark strips used for basketry.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39961,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark sheets used for roofing.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
39962,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Inner bark strips used for cordage.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39963,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Bark sheets used for tarpaulins.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
39964,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Inner bark strips used for mat making.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39966,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark strips used for basketry.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39967,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Inner bark strips used for cordage.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
39968,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,86,Haisla,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Inner bark strips used for mat making.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40275,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,267,Tsimshian,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark sheets used for roofing and tarpaulins.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
40279,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,267,Tsimshian,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Bark sheets used for tarpaulins.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
40289,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Inner bark strips used for basketry.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40290,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Bark sheets used for roofing.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
40291,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,99,Cordage,Inner bark strips used for cordage.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40292,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,153,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Bark sheets used for tarpaulins.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153"
40293,3951,Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,152,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Inner bark strips used for mat making.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40956,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,14,Gastrointestinal Aid,Cambium used as a 'cleanser.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40957,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,81,Liver Aid,Cambium used for the gall bladder.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40958,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,152,2,Drug,18,Other,Inner bark used for elimination of hard or sharp swallowed objects.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
40959,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,150,1,Food,75,Staple,"Cambium pit cooked, pounded, formed into cakes, dried, stored and eaten as a staple food.","Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40960,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,150,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Cambium used as a sweetener for other foods.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40961,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,78,Gitksan,166,g92,150,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Inner bark used as a survival food in winter.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40963,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,86,Haisla,166,g92,150,1,Food,75,Staple,"Cambium pit cooked, pounded, formed into cakes, dried, stored and eaten as a staple food.","Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40964,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,86,Haisla,166,g92,150,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Cambium used as a sweetener for other foods.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
40965,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,86,Haisla,166,g92,150,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Inner bark used as a survival food in winter.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
41088,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,150,1,Food,135,Sweetener,Cambium used as a sweetener for other foods.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
41089,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,150,1,Food,,,Cambium used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
41090,4043,Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.,278,Wet'suwet'en,166,g92,150,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Inner bark used as a survival food in winter.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 150"
7658,662,Calla palustris L.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,69,Tonic,Plant used in a spiritual spring tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
16819,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,25,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Poultice of fresh roots used for rheumatism.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 25"
16822,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,25,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,"Roots, red elder bark and juniper boughs used as a smudge for evil witchcraft victims.","Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 25"
16823,1851,Heracleum maximum Bartr.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,25,1,Food,,,Stalks eaten in spring.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 25"
18546,2055,Juniperus communis var. montana Ait.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,25,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,"Boughs, red elder bark and cow parsnip roots used for evil witchcraft victims.","Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 25"
18547,2055,Juniperus communis var. montana Ait.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,25,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Boughs burned as a fumigant to purify dwellings.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 25"
24423,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,16,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Fresh or dried inner bark used for stomach ulcers and pain.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 16"
24424,2640,Oplopanax horridus Miq.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,16,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Infusion of dried bark used for stomach pain and ulcers.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 16"
36785,3567,Sambucus racemosa L.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,24,2,Drug,89,Witchcraft Medicine,"Bark, juniper roots and cow parsnip roots used for evil witchcraft victims.","Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 24"
42635,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,21,Bella Coola,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Roots used for skin washes and compresses for bruises.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42641,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,21,Bella Coola,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,39,Orthopedic Aid,Roots used as compresses for sprains and fractures.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42644,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,21,Bella Coola,165,ga88,26,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Roots used for luck.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42664,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,Roots used in purification rituals for hunting and trapping.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42665,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,18,Other,Smoke used to assist the spirits of sleepwalkers to return to their bodies.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42666,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,26,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Roots burned as a smudge or fumigant to purify houses.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42667,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,26,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,"Roots grated, added to laundry water and used to purify clothing.","Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42668,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,26,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Root pieces carried as amulets for luck in hunting and gambling.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42669,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,78,Gitksan,165,ga88,26,3,Other,106,Soap,"Roots grated, added to laundry water and used to cleanse clothing.","Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42676,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,86,Haisla,165,ga88,26,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Roots burned and used as a fumigant to drive away evil spirits.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42677,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,86,Haisla,165,ga88,26,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Roots used as amulets for luck.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42678,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,86,Haisla,165,ga88,26,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Roots used as amulets for luck.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42720,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,175,Okanagan-Colville,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Roots used for rheumatism or arthritis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42748,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,267,Tsimshian,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,35,Antirheumatic (External),Leaves used for arthritis.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42749,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,267,Tsimshian,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Roots used for scalp disease.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42750,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,267,Tsimshian,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,60,Psychological Aid,Roots used for insanity.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
42751,4105,Veratrum viride Ait.,267,Tsimshian,165,ga88,26,2,Drug,62,Respiratory Aid,Roots used as a snuff for sinus infections.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 26"
2685,180,Aloysia wrightii Heller ex Abrams,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,285,2,Drug,6,Analgesic,Plant boiled and taken for headaches.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 285"
2686,180,Aloysia wrightii Heller ex Abrams,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,285,2,Drug,92,Antirheumatic (Internal),Plant boiled and taken for rheumatism.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 285"
2687,180,Aloysia wrightii Heller ex Abrams,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,285,2,Drug,60,Psychological Aid,Plant boiled and taken for slight distempers.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 285"
2690,180,Aloysia wrightii Heller ex Abrams,274,Walapai,164,spier28,285,2,Drug,46,Venereal Aid,Plant used for gonorrhea.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 285"
13180,1407,Ephedra viridis Coville,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,285,2,Drug,40,Emetic,Used to make a draught and taken to vomit for bowel complaints.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 285"
13181,1407,Ephedra viridis Coville,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,285,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Used to make a draught and taken to clear the bowels.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 285"
16135,1768,Gossypium sp.,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,105,3,Other,37,Fuel,Used as a strike-a-light.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 105"
23856,2580,Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,105,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Leaves used for smoking.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 105"
28634,3025,Pluchea sericea (Nutt.) Coville,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,285,2,Drug,123,Throat Aid,Leaves chewed or boiled for throat irritations.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 285"
44390,4244,Zea mays L.,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,103,1,Food,2,Bread & Cake,Seeds used to make wafer bread.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 103"
44664,4258,Ziziphus obtusifolia var. canescens (Gray) M.C. Johnston,89,Havasupai,164,spier28,102,3,Other,17,Tools,Branch used to make a planting stick.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 102"
12868,1353,Echinocactus polycephalus Engelm. & Bigelow,187,Panamint,163,k52,83,3,Other,17,Tools,Thorns formerly used as awls in basket making.,"Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 83"
18340,2038,Juncus balticus Willd.,187,Panamint,163,k52,78,3,Other,38,Decorations,Basal portions of stems used as light yellow-brown decorations for baskets.,"Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 78"
19654,2102,Larrea tridentata var. tridentata,187,Panamint,163,k52,84,3,Other,17,Tools,Lac used to make awl handles.,"Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 84"
29895,3143,Proboscidea louisianica (P. Mill.) Thellung,187,Panamint,163,k52,78,3,Other,38,Decorations,Used as black decorations for baskets.,"Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 78"
33227,3352,Rhus trilobata Nutt.,187,Panamint,163,k52,78,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Formerly used as withes and splints for baskets.,"Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 78"
35978,3539,Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr.,187,Panamint,163,k52,77,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Twigs used to make the withes for the three rod foundation coils of baskets.,"Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 77"
35979,3539,Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra (Benth.) E. Murr.,187,Panamint,163,k52,77,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Used as the primary basket material.,"Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 77"
37458,3606,Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye,187,Panamint,163,k52,78,3,Other,38,Decorations,Roots used as dark brown or black decorations for baskets.,"Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 78"
44010,4227,Yucca brevifolia Engelm.,187,Panamint,163,k52,78,3,Other,167,Designs,Red-brown inner roots used for basket designs.,"Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 78"
502,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Withes used as coarse twine warp and weft in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
503,26,Acer macrophyllum Pursh,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,102,Sewing Material,Withes used as coiling thread.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
1585,71,Adiantum pedatum L.,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,3,Other,38,Decorations,Stalks used as decorative overlay twine in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
2985,204,Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Withes used to make basket rims.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
7691,667,Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used as overlay twine warps and overlay twine weft bases in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
8059,737,Carex barbarae Dewey,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Blades used as coil thread and overlay twine weft bases in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
8659,813,Ceanothus integerrimus Hook. & Arn.,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Withes used as overlay twine weft bases in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
8872,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Peeled withes used as coarse twine and coil thread in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
8873,838,Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Wats.) M. Hopkins,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,3,Other,38,Decorations,Unpeeled withes used as decorative coil thread in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
9719,922,Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth,132,Maidu,162,sk58,68,4,Fiber,93,Brushes & Brooms,Plant made into brushes and used to sweep meal off the sifting baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 68"
27971,2968,Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Roots used as the overlay twine warps and overlay twine weft bases in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
30908,3182,Prunus virginiana var. demissa (Nutt.) Torr.,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Withes used as overlay twine weft bases in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
31284,3201,Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Twigs used as coarse twine warp in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
31525,3216,Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Underwood,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,3,Other,38,Decorations,Roots used as decorative coil thread and decorative overlay twine in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
32204,3270,Quercus kelloggii Newberry,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Withes used to make basket rims.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
36208,3551,Salix sp.,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Stalks used to make the coiled foundations and coarse twine in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
37382,3603,Schoenoplectus acutus var. acutus,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,"Stalks used as the overlay twine warp, upper portions only, in the manufacture of baskets.","Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
43722,4217,Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt.,132,Maidu,162,sk58,71,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Blades used as overlay twine in the manufacture of baskets.,"Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71"
2287,163,Allium tricoccum Ait.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,251,1,Food,,,"Young plants boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 251"
7014,558,Barbarea verna (P. Mill.) Aschers.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Plant boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
7018,559,Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Plant boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
7475,617,Brassica napus L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Leaves boiled and served with drippings or boiled, fried with other greens and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
7524,621,Brassica rapa var. rapa,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Leaves cooked with turnip greens, creaseys and sochan and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
7958,723,Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,86,Spice,Mixed into other greens for flavoring.,"Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
9362,892,Chelone glabra L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,,,"Young shoots and leaves boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
9375,894,Chenopodium album L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,86,Spice,"Young growth mixed with mustard leaves, morning glory leaves or potato leaves for flavoring.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
9376,894,Chenopodium album L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,,,"Young growth parboiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
12329,1264,Dentaria sp.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,Plants cooked with other greens and used for food.,"Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
17493,1926,Hydrangea arborescens L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,,,"New growth of young twigs peeled, boiled thoroughly, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
19913,2133,Lepidium campestre (L.) Ait. f.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Young plants boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
19942,2141,Lepidium virginicum L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Young plants boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
20197,2176,Ligusticum canadense (L.) Britt.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Young growth boiled, fried with ramps and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
24337,2629,Oenothera sp.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,,,"Leaves boiled, fried and often eaten with greens.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
25581,2763,Passiflora incarnata L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,,,"Young shoots and leaves boiled, fried and often eaten with other greens.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
26263,2856,Phacelia dubia (L.) Trel.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Young growth boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
26801,2931,Phytolacca americana L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,251,2,Drug,36,Laxative,Plant used in a side dish with laxative properties.,"Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 251"
26809,2931,Phytolacca americana L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,251,1,Food,,,"Young shoots cut, cooked and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 251"
28819,3048,Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Young growth boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
28822,3048,Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Rhizomes boiled and eaten especially during winter.,"Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
28934,3066,Polygonum hydropiper L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,,,"Young growth boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
30182,3159,Prunella vulgaris L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Leaves cooked with sochan, creaseys and other potherbs and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
32723,3319,Ranunculus sp.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,,,Leaves boiled and used for food.,"Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
34919,3469,Rubus sp.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,,,"Tips of new, young shoots boiled thoroughly, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
35150,3478,Rudbeckia laciniata L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,251,1,Food,,,"Young shoots and leaves boiled, fried with fat and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 251"
35240,3485,Rumex crispus L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,31,Vegetable,"Young leaves cooked with sochan, creaseys and other greens and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
37328,3593,Saxifraga micranthidifolia (Haw.) Steud.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Young growth boiled, fried with ramps and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
38106,3695,Sisyrinchium angustifolium P. Mill.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Mixed into other greens and eaten.,"Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
38981,3840,Streptopus lanceolatus var. roseus (Michx.) Reveal,32,Cherokee,161,w77,251,1,Food,,,"Young growth boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 251"
40518,3982,Tradescantia virginiana L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Young growth parboiled, fried, frequently mixed with other greens and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
40540,3987,Tragopogon sp.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,,,"Young plants boiled, fried and eaten.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
41938,4067,Uvularia perfoliata L.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,252,1,Food,,,"Plants boiled, fried and eaten with fat.","Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 252"
43314,4166,Viola sp.,32,Cherokee,161,w77,253,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves cooked with other potherbs and eaten.,"Witthoft, John, 1977, Cherokee Indian Use of Potherbs, Journal of Cherokee Studies 2(2):250-255, page 253"
1738,89,Agave americana L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,,,Pit baked and used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
1775,91,Agave deserti Engelm.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,,,Pit baked and used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
1798,93,Agave palmeri Engelm.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,,,Pit baked and used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
1840,95,Agave schottii Engelm.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,,,Pit baked and used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
2780,191,Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.,188,Papago,160,cb42,62,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 62"
2782,191,Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Greens used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
2888,202,Ambrosia tenuifolia Spreng.,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
6681,508,Atriplex lentiformis (Torr.) S. Wats.,188,Papago,160,cb42,62,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 62"
6740,520,Atriplex wrightii S. Wats.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Greens used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
7979,724,Capsicum annuum L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,121,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 121"
7980,724,Capsicum annuum L.,193,Pima,160,cb42,121,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 121"
7994,725,Capsicum annuum var. annuum,193,Pima,160,cb42,121,1,Food,86,Spice,Used for seasoning.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 121"
8173,757,Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,188,Papago,160,cb42,59,1,Food,,,Fruits and seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 59"
8179,757,Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,188,Papago,160,cb42,59,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Saguaro harvest marked the beginning of the new year.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 59"
8211,757,Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose,193,Pima,160,cb42,59,3,Other,115,Season Indicator,Saguaro harvest marked the beginning of the new year.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 59"
9531,904,Chenopodium murale L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,62,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 62"
9561,910,Chenopodium sp.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Greens used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
9829,939,Cicer arietinum L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,120,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 120"
9830,939,Cicer arietinum L.,193,Pima,160,cb42,120,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 120"
11654,1162,Cucurbita maxima Duchesne,188,Papago,160,cb42,101,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit grown for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 101"
11655,1162,Cucurbita maxima Duchesne,193,Pima,160,cb42,101,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit grown for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 101"
11688,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,188,Papago,160,cb42,101,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit grown for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 101"
11690,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,193,Pima,160,cb42,101,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit grown for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 101"
11733,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,101,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit grown for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 101"
11736,1164,Cucurbita pepo L.,193,Pima,160,cb42,101,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit grown for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 101"
12382,1273,Descurainia pinnata ssp. pinnata,188,Papago,160,cb42,62,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 62"
12475,1292,Dichelostemma capitatum ssp. capitatum,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,,,Bulbs eaten raw in early spring before other foods available.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
16148,1769,Gossypium thurberi Todaro,188,Papago,160,cb42,106,4,Fiber,,,Used as a source of fiber.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 106"
17407,1913,Hordeum vulgare L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,117,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 117"
17408,1913,Hordeum vulgare L.,193,Pima,160,cb42,117,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 117"
19894,2130,Lens culinaris Medik.,188,Papago,160,cb42,120,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 120"
19895,2130,Lens culinaris Medik.,193,Pima,160,cb42,120,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 120"
21415,2315,Lycium fremontii Gray,188,Papago,160,cb42,62,1,Food,52,Fruit,Berries used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 62"
23414,2519,Monolepis nuttalliana (J.A. Schultes) Greene,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
23749,2577,Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats.,95,Hopi,160,cb42,109,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 109"
23790,2577,Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats.,188,Papago,160,cb42,109,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 109"
23791,2577,Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats.,193,Pima,160,cb42,109,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 109"
23858,2580,Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia,95,Hopi,160,cb42,109,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 109"
23863,2580,Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia,188,Papago,160,cb42,108,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 108"
23864,2580,Nicotiana obtusifolia var. obtusifolia,193,Pima,160,cb42,108,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 108"
23940,2585,Nicotiana rustica L.,193,Pima,160,cb42,111,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 111"
23987,2587,Nicotiana tabacum L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,108,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 108"
23988,2587,Nicotiana tabacum L.,193,Pima,160,cb42,108,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 108"
23989,2587,Nicotiana tabacum L.,193,Pima,160,cb42,110,3,Other,63,Smoke Plant,Used for smoking.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 110"
24359,2633,Olneya tesota Gray,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,,,"Ground, leached seeds used for food.","Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
24606,2652,Opuntia echinocarpa Engelm. & Bigelow,188,Papago,160,cb42,59,1,Food,75,Staple,"Pit baked buds, fruits and joints considered a staple food.","Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 59"
24623,2653,Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,75,Staple,Fruits and joints used as a staple food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
24666,2660,Opuntia fulgida Engelm.,188,Papago,160,cb42,59,1,Food,75,Staple,"Pit baked buds, fruits and joints considered a staple food.","Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 59"
24866,2671,Opuntia spinosior (Engelm.) Toumey,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,75,Staple,"Pit baked buds, fruits and joints considered a staple food.","Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
24869,2673,Opuntia versicolor Engelm. ex Coult.,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,75,Staple,"Pit baked buds, fruits and joints considered a staple food.","Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
25487,2745,Parkinsonia aculeata L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
25502,2747,Parkinsonia microphylla Torr.,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
26363,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,99,1,Food,,,Beans grown for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 99"
26492,2892,Pholisma sonorae (Torr. ex Gray) Yatskievych,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,,,Roots used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
28330,2987,Pisum sativum L.,188,Papago,160,cb42,120,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 120"
28331,2987,Pisum sativum L.,193,Pima,160,cb42,120,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 120"
29995,3154,Prosopis glandulosa var. glandulosa,188,Papago,160,cb42,60,1,Food,75,Staple,Fruits and seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 60"
32028,3260,Quercus emoryi Torr.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,,,Acorns used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
32315,3277,Quercus oblongifolia Torr.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,,,Acorns used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
35399,3487,Rumex hymenosepalus Torr.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Greens used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
38875,3823,Stenocereus thurberi (Engelm.) Buxbaum,188,Papago,160,cb42,59,1,Food,,,Fruits and seeds used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 59"
40832,4038,Triticum durum Desf.,193,Pima,160,cb42,116,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 116"
40833,4039,Triticum polonicum L.,193,Pima,160,cb42,116,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 116"
43240,4148,Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.,188,Papago,160,cb42,120,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 120"
43241,4148,Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.,193,Pima,160,cb42,120,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 120"
43917,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,188,Papago,160,cb42,61,1,Food,,,Species used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
2745,188,Amaranthus cruentus L.,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
2746,188,Amaranthus cruentus L.,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves used as greens.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
7983,724,Capsicum annuum L.,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,,,Cultivated and eaten almost daily or sometimes at more than one meal per day.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
10090,979,Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,,,Cultivated watermelons used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
10339,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,,,Seeds used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
10340,1026,Cleome serrulata Pursh,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Leaves cooked as greens.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
11568,1157,Cucumis melo L.,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,,,Cultivated cantaloupes used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
11656,1162,Cucurbita maxima Duchesne,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,,,Cultivated pumpkins used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
11692,1163,Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir.,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,,,Cultivated pumpkins used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
17872,1990,Ipomoea leptophylla Torr.,234,Sia,159,w62,284,2,Drug,34,Veterinary Aid,Infusion of ground roots used to promote the fertility of horses and the growth of the colts.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 284"
22764,2443,Mentha arvensis L.,234,Sia,159,w62,284,2,Drug,45,Febrifuge,Infusion of leaves taken for fevers.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 284"
24639,2655,Opuntia engelmannii var. lindheimeri (Engelm.) Parfitt & Pinkava,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,,,Roasted in damp sand and eaten with chili.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
26290,2867,Phaseolus acutifolius Gray,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Cultivated beans used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
26365,2873,Phaseolus vulgaris L.,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Cultivated beans used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
27674,2959,Pinus edulis Engelm.,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,,,"Nuts gathered in considerable quantities, roasted and used for food.","White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
38289,3721,Solanum fendleri Gray ex Torr.,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Potatoes eaten raw or cooked with clay to counteract the astringency.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
38302,3722,Solanum jamesii Torr.,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Potatoes eaten raw or cooked with clay to counteract the astringency.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
38366,3729,Solanum tuberosum L.,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Cultivated potatoes used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
40829,4037,Triticum aestivum L.,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,75,Staple,"Corn and wheat, the most important foods, used for food.","White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
43212,4141,Vicia faba L.,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,31,Vegetable,Cultivated beans used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
43939,4225,Yucca baccata Torr.,234,Sia,159,w62,107,1,Food,52,Fruit,Fruit used for food.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
44511,4244,Zea mays L.,234,Sia,159,w62,106,1,Food,75,Staple,"Corn and wheat, the most important foods, used for food.","White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 106"
2231,158,Allium schoenoprasum L.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,56,1,Food,,,"Plant eaten raw, alone or with fish.","Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 56"
4332,332,Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,55,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries stored in grease or oil and eaten with fish or meat.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55"
4592,347,Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,55,1,Food,59,Winter Use Food,Berries stored in grease or oil and eaten with fish or meat.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55"
7206,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,53,2,Drug,,,Plant spirit used by the shaman to heal sick people.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53"
7207,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,53,4,Fiber,43,Basketry,Bark used to make baskets and food storage containers.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53"
7208,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,53,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood used to make canoe ribs.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53"
7209,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,53,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Wood used to make sleds and snowshoe frames.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53"
7210,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,53,3,Other,32,Containers,Bark used to make baskets and food storage containers.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53"
7211,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,53,3,Other,37,Fuel,Bark used to start campfires or light the stove at home.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53"
7212,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,53,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for firewood.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53"
7213,580,Betula papyrifera Marsh.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,53,3,Other,28,Hunting & Fishing Item,Wood used to make fish traps.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 53"
13076,1393,Empetrum nigrum L.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,55,1,Food,27,Beverage,Berries eaten by hunters to quench their thirst in the waterless high country.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55"
13480,1428,Equisetum sp.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,56,4,Fiber,67,"Mats, Rugs & Bedding",Blades used as dog bedding.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 56"
13481,1428,Equisetum sp.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,56,3,Other,37,Fuel,Blades used to produce smoke in smudge fires.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 56"
26944,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,2,Drug,12,Ceremonial Medicine,"Pitch, swan feathers & slender grass tops burned by shamans when making medicine for a sick person.","Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26945,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of needles used as a rub or bath for dry skin or sores.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
26946,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Pitch applied to sores and cuts.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26947,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,"Tops put in animal track by girls before stepping over it, to avoid alienating animals from hunters.","Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
26948,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of needles taken for kidney problems.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
26949,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of needles taken to promote general good health.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
26950,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,,,Tree tops used by the shamans to brush people and remove their sickness.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
26951,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,"Wood split or ripsawed and used as lumber for house construction, caches and tent frames.","Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26952,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used for the building log houses.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26953,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood split or ripsawed and used to make boats and canoes.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26954,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,4,Fiber,94,Caulking Material,Pitch used to caulk boat seams.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26955,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Wood split or ripsawed and used to make sleds.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26956,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,1,Food,85,Candy,Pitch chewed like gum.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26957,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,30,Ceremonial Items,Knot ring worn by children on a string around the neck to make them skilled with their hands.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26958,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Roots used for carving spoons and bowls.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26959,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Roots skinned and used to lash birchbark baskets.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26960,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for household heating fuel.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26961,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,147,Good Luck Charm,Golden needles conferred good luck to those who found them.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26962,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,144,Hide Preparation,"Rotten wood pulverized, mixed with rotten willow and used to smoke hides.","Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26963,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,58,Protection,Boughs taken home as talismans for protection.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26964,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,58,Protection,Trees nullified dangerous spiritual forces.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
26965,2934,Picea glauca (Moench) Voss,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,3,Other,58,Protection,"Trees protected those who slept beneath them, especially from malevolent spirits.","Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
27093,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,8,Dermatological Aid,Infusion of needles used as a rub or bath for dry skin or sores.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
27094,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,61,Hunting Medicine,"Tops put in animal track by girls before stepping over it, to avoid alienating animals from hunters.","Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
27095,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,3,Kidney Aid,Infusion of needles taken for kidney problems.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
27096,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,20,Panacea,Infusion of needles taken to promote general good health.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
27097,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,2,Drug,,,Tree tops used by the shamans to brush people and remove their sickness.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
27098,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,"Wood split or ripsawed and used as lumber for house construction, caches and tent frames.","Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
27099,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used for the building log houses.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
27100,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,4,Fiber,91,Building Material,Wood used to make poles for tent frames.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
27101,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,4,Fiber,70,Canoe Material,Wood split or ripsawed and used to make boats and canoes.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
27102,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,4,Fiber,51,Snow Gear,Wood split or ripsawed and used to make sleds.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
27103,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,33,Cooking Tools,Roots used for carving spoons and bowls.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
27104,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,57,Fasteners,Roots skinned and used to lash birchbark baskets.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
27105,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,3,Other,37,Fuel,Wood used for firewood.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"
27106,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,50,3,Other,144,Hide Preparation,"Rotten wood pulverized, mixed with rotten willow and used to smoke hides.","Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 50"
27107,2935,Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P.,118,Koyukon,158,n83,49,3,Other,17,Tools,Wood used to make drying racks.,"Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 49"