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Data source: Native American Ethnobotany Database · About: NAEB

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id ▼ species tribe source pageno use_category use_subcategory notes rawsource
1 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Bella Coola 21 t73 53 197 Drug 2 Eye Medicine 25 Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and used for infected eyes. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197
2 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Bella Coola 21 t73 53 197 Drug 2 Gastrointestinal Aid 14 Infusion of bark taken for stomach ailments. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197
3 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Bella Coola 21 t73 53 197 Drug 2 Throat Aid 123 Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and taken for sore throat. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197
4 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Bella Coola 21 t73 53 197 Drug 2 Tuberculosis Remedy 49 Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197
5 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Haisla 86 g92 166 152 Drug 2 Tonic 69 Bark and other plants used as a tonic. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152
6 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Haisla 86 g92 166 152 Drug 2   Bark and other plants used for 'sickness.' Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152
7 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Haisla 86 g92 166 151 Food 1   Cambium used for food. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151
8 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Haisla 86 c93 14 173 Other 3 Ceremonial Items 30 Pitch applied to the face of mourners. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
9 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Haisla and Hanaksiala 87 c93 14 173 Fiber 4 Snow Gear 51 Boughs used as a 'bush sleigh' to pull cargo across deep snow. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
10 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Hanaksiala 88 c93 14 173 Drug 2 Gastrointestinal Aid 14 Infusion of bark taken for stomach ulcers. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
11 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Hanaksiala 88 c93 14 173 Drug 2 Hemorrhoid Remedy 74 Infusion of bark taken for hemorrhoids. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
12 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Hanaksiala 88 c93 14 173 Other 3 Containers 32 Boughs used to line oolichan ripening pits. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173
13 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Kitasoo 112 c93 14 316 Drug 2   Decoction of bark used medicinally. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316
14 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Kitasoo 112 c93 14 316 Food 1   Inner bark used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316
15 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Nitinaht 166 ttco83 101 71 Drug 2 Internal Medicine 110 Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
16 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Nitinaht 166 ttco83 101 71 Drug 2 Preventive Medicine 137 Boughs placed in fire and smoke inhaled to prevent sickness. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
17 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Nitinaht 166 ttco83 101 71 Food 1 Candy 85 Hardened pitch chewed for pleasure. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
18 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Nitinaht 166 ttco83 101 71 Other 3 Hunting & Fishing Item 28 Long, hard knots used to make halibut hooks. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
19 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Nitinaht 166 ttco83 101 71 Other 3 Incense & Fragrance 53 Boughs bundled up and used as home air fresheners. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71
20 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Oweekeno 181 c93 14 68 Drug 2 Cold Remedy 21 Pitch boiled with grease or pitch and sugar and taken for colds. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 68
21 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Thompson 259 tta90 10 97 Drug 2 Cold Remedy 21 Pitch taken for colds. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
22 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Thompson 259 tta90 10 97 Drug 2 Panacea 20 Pitch taken for any type of bad disease. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
23 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Thompson 259 tta90 10 97 Drug 2 Tuberculosis Remedy 49 Decoction of boughs and/or bark taken for tuberculosis. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
24 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Thompson 259 tta90 10 97 Drug 2 Tuberculosis Remedy 49 Pitch taken for tuberculosis. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
25 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Thompson 259 tta90 10 97 Drug 2 Tuberculosis Remedy 49 Poultice of pitch and buttercup roots used for tuberculosis. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
26 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Thompson 259 tta90 10 97 Drug 2   Decoction of branches taken as medicine. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
27 Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes 1 Thompson 259 tta90 10 97 Other 3 Incense & Fragrance 53 Boiled boughs mixed with decoctions of other plants and deer grease and used to perfume the hair. The boiled boughs were mixed with decoctions of leaves from a broad leafed plant from the Okanagan, sweet grass from the Thompson River and deer grease and then used to perfume the hair. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97
28 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Abnaki 1 r47 84 164 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Gum used for 'slight' itches. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164
29 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Abnaki 1 r47 84 164 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Gum used to make various ointments. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164
30 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Abnaki 1 r47 84 155 Drug 2 Disinfectant 129 Used as an antiseptic. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155
31 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Abnaki 1 r47 84 155 Drug 2 Panacea 20 Leaves made into pillows and used as a panacea. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155
32 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Abnaki 1 r47 84 163 Drug 2   Needles and wood stuffed into pillows and used for good health. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163
33 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Abnaki 1 r47 84 164 Drug 2   Needles stuffed into pillows and used for good health. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164
34 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Algonquin, Quebec 7 b80 67 124 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Poultice of gum applied to open sores, insect bites, boils and infections. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
35 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Algonquin, Quebec 7 b80 67 124 Drug 2 Gynecological Aid 22 Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
36 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Algonquin, Quebec 7 b80 67 124 Drug 2 Heart Medicine 104 Roots used for heart disease. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
37 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Algonquin, Quebec 7 b80 67 124 Drug 2 Laxative 36 Needles used to make a laxative tea. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
38 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Algonquin, Quebec 7 b80 67 124 Drug 2 Poultice 138 Needles used for making poultices. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
39 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Algonquin, Quebec 7 b80 67 124 Drug 2   Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 124
40 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule 8 ray45 113 118 Drug 2 Cold Remedy 21 Sap chewed for colds. Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118
41 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule 8 ray45 113 118 Fiber 4 Mats, Rugs & Bedding 67 Boughs used as mats on the tent floor. Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118
42 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Anticosti 9 r46 150 64 Drug 2 Kidney Aid 3 Decoction of bark and bark from another plant taken for kidney troubles. Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64
43 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Anticosti 9 r46 150 64 Drug 2 Kidney Aid 3 Gum eaten for kidney pains. Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64
44 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Anticosti 9 r46 150 64 Drug 2 Throat Aid 123 Infusion of sap used for sore throats. Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64
45 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Chippewa 38 d28 4 338 Drug 2 Analgesic 6 Gum melted on warm stone and fumes inhaled for headache. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338
46 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Chippewa 38 d28 4 362 Drug 2 Antirheumatic (External) 35 Decoction of root used as herbal steam for rheumatic joints. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362
47 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Chippewa 38 d28 4 350 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Gum of plant with bear grease used as an ointment for the hair. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 350
48 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Chippewa 38 d28 4 362 Drug 2 Herbal Steam 78 Decoction of root sprinkled on hot stones and used as herbal steam for rheumatism. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362
49 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Chippewa 38 d28 4 338 Drug 2 Herbal Steam 78 Gum of plant melted on warm stone as herbal steam for headache. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338
50 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Cree, Woodlands 58 l85 47 21 Drug 2 Abortifacient 84 Pitch used for menstrual irregularity. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21
51 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Cree, Woodlands 58 l85 47 21 Drug 2 Cold Remedy 21 Infusion of bark and sometimes wood taken for colds. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21
52 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Cree, Woodlands 58 l85 47 21 Drug 2 Cough Medicine 9 Infusion of bark and sometimes wood taken for coughs. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21
53 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Cree, Woodlands 58 l85 47 21 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Pitch and grease used as an ointment for scabies and boils. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21
54 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Cree, Woodlands 58 l85 47 21 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Poultice of pitch applied to cuts. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21
55 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Cree, Woodlands 58 l85 47 21 Drug 2 Tuberculosis Remedy 49 Decoction of pitch and sturgeon oil used for tuberculosis. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21
56 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Cree, Woodlands 58 l85 47 21 Drug 2 Tuberculosis Remedy 49 Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21
57 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Cree, Woodlands 58 l85 47 21 Fiber 4 Building Material 91 Boughs used to make a brush shelter. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21
58 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Cree, Woodlands 58 l85 47 21 Fiber 4 Canoe Material 70 Wood used to make paddles. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21
59 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 269 Drug 2 Antirheumatic (External) 35 Steam from decoction of branches used as a bath for rheumatism. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269
60 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 269 Drug 2 Antirheumatic (Internal) 92 Compound decoction taken for rheumatism. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269
61 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 r45ii 59 37 Drug 2 Cancer Treatment 64 Poultice of gum and dried beaver kidneys applied for cancer. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 37
62 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 269 Drug 2 Cold Remedy 21 Compound decoction taken for colds. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269
63 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 r45ii 59 37 Drug 2 Cold Remedy 21 Infusion of gum and hot milk taken as an antiseptic for colds. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 37
64 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 269 Drug 2 Cough Medicine 9 Decoction taken straight or diluted with alcohol for coughs. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269
65 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 269 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Compound decoction applied to cuts, bruises, sprains or sores. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269
66 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 269 Drug 2 Gynecological Aid 22 Steam from decoction of branches used as a bath for parturition. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269
67 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 269 Drug 2 Orthopedic Aid 39 Decoction used as wash and poultice applied to cuts, bruises, sprains and sores. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269
68 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 270 Drug 2 Tuberculosis Remedy 49 Compound decoction taken during early stages of consumption. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 270
69 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 270 Drug 2 Urinary Aid 80 Used for bed wetting. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 270
70 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Iroquois 100 h77 7 270 Drug 2 Venereal Aid 46 Used for gonorrhea. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 270
71 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Malecite 134 mech59 93 244 Drug 2 Laxative 36 Juice used as a laxative. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 244
72 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Malecite 134 sd52 78 6 Drug 2   Pitch used in medicines. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6
73 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Malecite 134 mech59 93 257 Drug 2 Venereal Aid 46 Infusion of bark used for gonorrhea. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257
74 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Malecite 134 mech59 93 257 Drug 2 Venereal Aid 46 Infusion of bark, spruce bark and tamarack bark used for gonorrhea. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257
75 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Malecite 134 sd52 78 6 Fiber 4 Mats, Rugs & Bedding 67 Needles and branches used for pillows and bedding. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6
76 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Malecite 134 sd52 78 6 Fiber 4 Sewing Material 102 Roots used for thread. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6
77 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Malecite 134 sd52 78 6 Other 3 Waterproofing Agent 154 Pitch used for waterproofing seams in canoes. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6
78 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Menominee 138 s23 51 45 Drug 2 Adjuvant 149 Inner bark used as a seasoner for medicines. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45
79 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Menominee 138 s23 51 45 Drug 2 Analgesic 6 Infusion of inner bark taken for chest pain. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45
80 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Menominee 138 s23 51 45 Drug 2 Cold Remedy 21 Liquid balsam pressed from trunk used for colds. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45
81 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Menominee 138 d32 176 132 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Gum from plant blisters applied to sores. Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132
82 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Menominee 138 s23 51 45 Drug 2 Pulmonary Aid 48 Liquid balsam pressed from trunk used for pulmonary troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45
83 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Menominee 138 s23 51 45 Drug 2   Poultice of fresh inner bark used for unspecified illnesses. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45
84 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 cfh79 35 53 Drug 2 Antidiarrheal 68 Buds, cones and inner bark used for diarrhea. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53
85 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 cfh79 35 53 Drug 2 Burn Dressing 82 Gum used for burns. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53
86 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 cfh79 35 53 Drug 2 Cold Remedy 21 Gum used for colds. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53
87 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 cfh79 35 53 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Gum used for bruises, sores and wounds. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53
88 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 cfh79 35 53 Drug 2 Gastrointestinal Aid 14 Cones used for colic. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53
89 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 cfh79 35 53 Drug 2 Laxative 36 Buds used as a laxative. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53
90 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 cfh79 35 53 Drug 2 Orthopedic Aid 39 Gum used for fractures. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53
91 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 cfh79 35 53 Drug 2 Venereal Aid 46 Bark used for gonorrhea and buds used as a laxative. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53
92 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 sd51 182 258 Fiber 4 Mats, Rugs & Bedding 67 Boughs used to make beds. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258
93 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 sd51 182 258 Food 1 Beverage 27 Bark used to make a beverage. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258
94 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Micmac 141 sd51 182 258 Other 3 Fuel 37 Wood used for kindling and fuel. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258
95 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Montagnais 150 s17 103 313 Drug 2 Dietary Aid 202 Inner bark grated and eaten to benefit the diet. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 313
96 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Ojibwa 173 smith32 20 378 Drug 2 Ceremonial Medicine 12 Needle-like leaves used as part of the ceremony involving the sweatbath. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378
97 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Ojibwa 173 smith32 20 378 Drug 2 Cold Remedy 21 Balsam gum used for colds and leaf smoke inhaled for colds. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378
98 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Ojibwa 173 r28 8 244 Drug 2 Cough Medicine 9 Plant used as a cough medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 244
99 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Ojibwa 173 smith32 20 378 Drug 2 Dermatological Aid 8 Balsam gum used for sores and compound containing leaves used as a wash. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378
100 Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. 2 Ojibwa 173 smith32 20 378 Drug 2 Diaphoretic 77 Needle-like leaves used as part of the medicine for the sweatbath. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378

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CREATE TABLE uses (
        id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
        species INTEGER NOT NULL,
        tribe INTEGER NOT NULL,
        source INTEGER NOT NULL,
        pageno TEXT NOT NULL,
        use_category INTEGER,
        use_subcategory INTEGER,
        notes TEXT,
        rawsource TEXT NOT NULL,
        FOREIGN KEY(use_category) REFERENCES use_categories(id),
        FOREIGN KEY(use_subcategory) REFERENCES use_subcategories(id),
        FOREIGN KEY(tribe) REFERENCES tribes(id),
        FOREIGN KEY(species) REFERENCES species(id),
        FOREIGN KEY(source) REFERENCES sources(id)
        );