id,species,tribe,source,pageno,use_category,use_subcategory,notes,rawsource
1607,73,106,60,10,1,2,"Seeds pounded, leached, boiled into a mush, made into a cake and eaten with meat.","Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 10"
3081,207,226,44,101,1,2,"Berries dried whole or mashed, formed into cakes and dried.","Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem:  Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 101"
31011,3183,226,44,101,1,2,"Berries mashed, mixed with dried salmon into a pemmican, formed into cakes, dried and stored.","Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem:  Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 101"
26298,2870,100,112,103,1,2,"Seeds cooked, mixed with corn bread paste and again cooked in the making of the bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103"
26315,2871,100,112,103,1,2,"Seeds cooked, mixed with corn bread paste and again cooked in the making of the bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103"
26341,2873,100,112,103,1,2,"Seeds cooked, mixed with corn bread paste and again cooked in the making of the bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103"
44390,4244,89,164,103,1,2,Seeds used to make wafer bread.,"Spier, Leslie, 1928, Havasupai Ethnography, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 29(3):101-123, 284-285, page 103"
33347,3359,175,32,106,1,2,Dried berries mixed with other berries and made into cakes.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 106"
30016,3155,24,31,107,1,2,Pod meal and water used to make cakes.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 107"
33660,3386,175,32,107,1,2,"Berries, alone or mixed with other berries, used to make cakes.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 107"
41977,4071,4,132,107,1,2,Berries cooked in muffins.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 107"
41978,4071,4,132,107,1,2,"Berries eaten raw or cooked in pies, puddings and muffins.","Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 107"
42042,4077,4,132,107,1,2,Berries cooked in muffins.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 107"
42139,4082,4,132,107,1,2,Berries cooked in muffins.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 107"
42140,4082,4,132,107,1,2,"Berries eaten raw or cooked in pies, puddings and muffins.","Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 107"
42398,4088,4,132,107,1,2,Berries cooked in muffins.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 107"
32523,3292,97,127,11,1,2,Acorns used to make bread.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 11"
43942,4225,248,58,11,1,2,Pulp mixed with chokecherries and made into cake.,"Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII.  The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 11"
10074,979,100,112,113,1,2,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113"
11557,1157,100,112,113,1,2,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113"
11570,1158,100,112,113,1,2,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113"
11644,1162,100,112,113,1,2,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113"
11675,1163,100,112,113,1,2,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113"
11712,1164,100,112,113,1,2,"Dried flesh pounded, sifted, soaked in cold water, sweetened, grease added and baked into cakes.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113"
11713,1164,100,112,113,1,2,"Fresh or dried flesh boiled, mashed and mixed into the paste when making corn bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 113"
30060,3156,24,31,118,1,2,Pod meal and water used to make cakes.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 118"
620,32,100,112,119,1,2,"Bark dried, pounded, sifted and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119"
652,34,100,112,119,1,2,"Bark dried, pounded, sifted and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119"
687,35,100,112,119,1,2,"Bark dried, pounded, sifted and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 119"
31835,3251,24,31,121,1,2,Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121"
31930,3255,24,31,121,1,2,Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121"
31992,3257,24,31,121,1,2,Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121"
32180,3270,24,31,121,1,2,Acorns ground into a fine meal and used to make bread.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 121"
8288,763,100,112,123,1,2,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123"
8343,767,100,112,123,1,2,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123"
8428,774,100,112,123,1,2,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123"
11205,1110,100,112,123,1,2,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123"
11395,1124,175,32,123,1,2,"Berries mashed and formed into cakes, dried and eaten like cookies.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 123"
14676,1603,100,112,123,1,2,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123"
18206,2031,100,112,123,1,2,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123"
18287,2034,100,112,123,1,2,"Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123"
11362,1123,175,32,124,1,2,"Berries mashed and dried into thin, hard cakes. Sometimes the cakes were decorated.  The dried cakes were eaten as a snack on winter evenings and were used as crackers to dip into deer marrow soup to soak up the fat.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 124"
14914,1637,100,112,127,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127"
14988,1640,100,112,127,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127"
30845,3181,175,32,127,1,2,"Berries mashed, seeds and all, and sun dried into thin cakes.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127"
34366,3444,100,112,127,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127"
34534,3454,100,112,127,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127"
34705,3461,100,112,127,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127"
34769,3462,100,112,127,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127"
34899,3468,100,112,127,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127"
3112,210,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
11412,1128,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
11449,1133,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
15606,1702,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
15732,1707,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
23145,2494,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
23496,2532,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
30256,3160,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
30453,3171,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
30494,3172,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
30624,3177,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
30792,3181,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
33322,3358,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
33757,3397,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
36713,3566,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
41964,4070,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
42017,4074,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
42035,4076,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
42274,4084,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
43101,4132,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
43159,4135,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
43495,4184,100,112,128,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128"
6386,450,100,112,129,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129"
22196,2390,100,112,129,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129"
22308,2394,100,112,129,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129"
26718,2919,100,112,129,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129"
28700,3033,100,112,129,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129"
30530,3173,100,112,129,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129"
31823,3247,100,112,129,1,2,"Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 129"
4439,340,19,129,138,1,2,"Berries made into flour, molded into cakes and stored for later use.","Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 138"
25981,2830,19,129,138,1,2,"Stored, dried roots pounded and made into bread.","Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 138"
3226,229,19,129,139,1,2,"Parched, ground seeds made into cakes and eaten without cooking.","Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139"
6831,545,19,129,139,1,2,"Parched, winnowed, ground seeds made into cakes and eaten without cooking.","Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139"
6836,546,19,129,139,1,2,"Parched, winnowed, ground seeds made into cakes and eaten without cooking.","Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139"
6850,549,19,129,139,1,2,"Parched, winnowed, ground seeds made into cakes and eaten without cooking.","Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139"
9547,908,19,129,139,1,2,"Parched, ground seeds made into cakes and eaten without cooking.","Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139"
12372,1273,19,129,139,1,2,"Parched, winnowed, ground seeds made into cakes and eaten without cooking.","Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139"
30695,3179,19,129,139,1,2,"Seeds removed, pulp pounded and stored for winter in small cakes.","Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139"
36496,3565,19,129,139,1,2,Mashed berries mixed with manzanita flour and stored in dried cakes.,"Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139"
37531,3614,24,31,139,1,2,Pollen used to make cakes.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 139"
7868,700,151,30,14,1,2,"Oven baked bulbs squeezed into little cakes or pulverized, formed into round loaves and stored.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 14"
24725,2665,157,121,14,1,2,"Pad pulp formed into cakes, dried, stored for later use and fried or roasted.","Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 14"
31981,3256,144,100,142,1,2,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
32212,3270,144,100,142,1,2,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
32257,3272,144,100,142,1,2,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
32455,3289,144,100,142,1,2,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
32591,3295,144,100,142,1,2,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
22939,2462,4,132,145,1,2,"Rootstocks dried, ground, leached, dried, ground into flour and used to make bread.","Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 145"
40931,4043,4,132,146,1,2,"Inner bark roasted in a pit oven, sometimes mixed with dried berries and pressed into cakes.","Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 146"
32610,3250,15,45,148,1,2,Acorns ground into flour and used to make bread.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 148"
1113,46,15,45,149,1,2,Seeds ground and used to make bread and pones.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 149"