id,species,tribe,source,pageno,use_category,use_subcategory,notes,rawsource
46,2,38,4,362,2,35,Decoction of root used as herbal steam for rheumatic joints.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362"
59,2,100,7,269,2,35,Steam from decoction of branches used as a bath for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
115,3,107,79,24,2,35,Infusion of foliage used as a bath for rheumatism.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24"
149,5,78,9,50,2,35,Poultice of compound containing bark applied for rheumatism.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50"
742,38,23,26,74,2,35,Infusion of plant applied to swellingss.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 74"
743,38,23,26,74,2,35,Poultice of chewed flowers applied to swollen parts.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 74"
801,38,76,30,6,2,35,Leaves boiled and used for aching backs and legs.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 6"
808,38,79,38,360,2,35,Poultice of plant applied for rheumatism.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"
809,38,79,38,350,2,35,Poultice of plant applied to joints affected by rheumatism.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 350"
852,38,121,63,278,2,35,Leaves used in a steambath for rheumatism.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 278"
885,38,141,155,25,2,35,"Dried, powdered bark or green leaves rubbed over swellings.","Wallis, Wilson D., 1922, Medicines Used by the Micmac Indians, American Anthropologist 24:24-30, page 25"
910,38,175,32,74,2,35,Decoction of whole plant used as a bath for arthritic or rheumatic pains.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 74"
940,38,209,25,49,2,35,Poultice of boiled leaves applied to rheumatic limbs.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 49"
961,38,259,10,166,2,35,Decoction of leaves and roots used for bathing arthritic limbs.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
962,38,259,10,166,2,35,Poultice of pounded roots used on the skin for sciatica.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 166"
1007,42,27,134,85,2,35,Decoction of leaves and stems used as a bath for rheumatism.,"Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 85"
1043,42,183,12,31-33,2,35,Decoction of plant used as a liniment or wash for sores or rashes.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1075,42,232,12,31-33,2,35,Decoction of plant used as a liniment or wash for sores or rashes.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 31-33"
1236,55,58,47,24,2,35,Poultice of powdered roots & yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied to painful joints.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1237,55,58,47,24,2,35,Poultice of powdered roots and yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied for muscle pain.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1238,55,58,47,24,2,35,Poultice of powdered roots and yellow pond lily roots or cow parsnip roots applied for rheumatism.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1239,55,58,47,24,2,35,Rootstocks used for sore muscles and rheumatic pains.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 24"
1437,60,100,7,320,2,35,Decoction of roots or plants used as a soak and steambath for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 320"
1482,63,100,7,321,2,35,Infusion of roots used as a wash for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 321"
1489,66,24,31,29,2,35,"Decoction of leaves and branches used to bathe infected, sore or swollen areas of the body.","Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 29"
1503,67,24,31,30,2,35,Plant used for arthritis.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 30"
1548,71,32,1,8,2,35,Compound decoction of root applied with warm hands for rheumatism.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 8"
1549,71,32,115,3,2,35,Decoction of roots rubbed on area affected by rheumatism.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 3"
1567,71,100,7,258,2,35,Compound decoction of green roots used as foot soak for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 258"
1632,76,62,97,30,2,35,Nuts carried in the pocket for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 30"
1637,76,149,97,78,2,35,Carried in the pocket for rheumatism pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 78"
1641,77,149,62,121,2,35,Horse chestnut carried in the pocket for rheumatism.,"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121"
1642,77,231,62,121,2,35,Horse chestnut carried in the pocket for rheumatism.,"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121"
1643,78,32,1,27,2,35,Nut carried in pocket for rheumatism and good luck.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27"
1894,101,291,6,50,2,35,Ingredient of 'schumaakwe cakes' and used externally for rheumatism.,"Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 50"
2242,160,23,26,75,2,35,"Infusion of bulbs, sometimes combined with Monarda, applied to swellings.","Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 75"
2414,170,21,9,55,2,35,Poultice of compound containing buds applied to lung or hip pain.,"Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 55"
2859,198,125,108,35,2,35,Infusion of leaves applied to swellings.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 35"
3191,221,177,17,93,2,35,Moxa of stems used in cases of rheumatism.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 93"
3192,221,177,154,334,2,35,Moxa of twigs applied for rheumatism.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 334"
3215,227,125,108,45,2,35,Poultice of pulverized leaves applied with any salve to swellings.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 45"
3255,236,38,4,362,2,35,Compound decoction of flowers used as herbal steam for rheumatism and paralysis.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362"
3433,259,100,7,400,2,35,"Plant or root used internally, externally or in steambath for rheumatism.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 400"
3459,260,232,12,"34, 35",2,35,Poultice of pulped root applied to rheumatic pains or swellings.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 34, 35"
3476,261,23,26,75,2,35,Poultice of chewed roots applied to swellings.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 75"
3608,277,125,108,35,2,35,Used for swellings.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 35"
3663,282,137,89,392,2,35,Infusion of plants used as a wash for rheumatism.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 392"
3923,303,183,12,37,2,35,Mashed fresh roots rubbed briskly on aching rheumatic joints.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 37"
3983,313,232,12,37,2,35,Crushed plant used as a liniment or mustard plaster.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 37"
3990,316,105,70,17,2,35,Decoction of roots used as a soak for arthritis.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 17"
4269,328,1,84,155,2,35,Used as a medicine for rheumatism.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
4288,328,100,59,62,2,35,Poultice of wetted leaves and salt applied to swellings.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 62"
4289,328,100,116,100,2,35,Roots and fruits used for rheumatism.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 100"
4296,328,149,97,"70, 128",2,35,Poultice of leaves applied for rheumatic pains.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 70, 128"
4297,328,149,110,269,2,35,Poultice of leaves used for rheumatism.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 269"
4311,329,100,7,475,2,35,Poultice of leaves applied to draw poison out and to sweat for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 475"
4333,332,173,8,231,2,35,Infusion of pounded plants used as wash for rheumatism.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231"
4615,347,173,8,231,2,35,Infusion of pounded plants used as wash for rheumatism.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 231"
4711,352,232,111,42,2,35,Poultice of steeped leaves applied for swellings.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 42"
4715,352,276,111,42,2,35,Poultice of steeped leaves applied for swellings.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 42"
4728,356,106,60,12,2,35,Poultice of broken roots applied to area affected by rheumatism.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 12"
4842,367,149,97,"70, 128",2,35,Infusion of dried root used as a liniment for pain.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 70, 128"
4851,367,190,17,69,2,35,Poultice of pulverized corm applied as counterirritant for rheumatism.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69"
4931,379,259,10,169,2,35,Poultice of mashed plant used for swellings.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 169"
4979,387,50,16,25,2,35,Decoction of plant used as a bath for rheumatism.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 25"
4988,388,23,26,78,2,35,Chewed leaf spittle applied to rheumatic parts.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 78"
5053,394,50,16,25,2,35,Decoction of plant used as a compress for rheumatism pain.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 25"
5060,394,105,70,18,2,35,Poultice of leaves applied for rheumatism and arthritis.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
5087,394,266,70,18,2,35,Fresh leaves used as a liniment.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
5088,394,266,70,18,2,35,Poultice of fresh leaves used for arthritis.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
5092,394,276,12,39,2,35,Decoction of leaves used as a liniment for rheumatism.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 39"
5096,394,287,69,45,2,35,Poultice of pounded leaves applied for rheumatism or arthritic pains.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 45"
5103,394,289,70,18,2,35,Fresh leaves used as a liniment.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
5104,394,289,70,18,2,35,Poultice of fresh leaves used for arthritis.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 18"
5127,395,76,30,45,2,35,Infusion of foliage used lukewarm for swollen feet and legs.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 45"
5132,395,106,60,13,2,35,Infusion of leaves used as a wash for rheumatism.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 13"
5140,395,175,32,76,2,35,Leaves used in a steambath for rheumatic or arthritic pain.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 76"
5150,395,176,55,41,2,35,Plant used in the sweat house for rheumatism.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
5158,395,183,12,"39, 40",2,35,Hot decoction of branches used as a wash for rheumatism.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 39, 40"
5159,395,183,12,"39, 40",2,35,"Hot poultice of plant tops applied to sprains, swellings or rheumatism.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 39, 40"
5165,395,190,17,134,2,35,Decoction of tops used as a wash for rheumatism.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134"
5188,395,259,10,169,2,35,Decoction of plant used as a 'liniment' for arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 169"
5189,395,259,33,463,2,35,Fresh plants used as a bed in the sweatbath for rheumatism.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 463"
5190,395,259,55,41,2,35,Plant used in the sweat house for rheumatism.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41"
5318,398,137,89,392,2,35,Poultice of leaves applied or leaves used in sweatbath for rheumatism.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 392"
5413,399,259,10,170,2,35,Decoction of plant used as a 'liniment' for arthritis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 170"
5437,401,107,79,28,2,35,Crushed plant rubbed on body as a liniment for soreness or stiffness.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 28"
5453,401,183,12,40-42,2,35,Branches used in a sweatbath for rheumatism.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 40-42"
5454,401,183,12,40-42,2,35,Poultice of steamed plants or bruised leaves used for rheumatism or other aches.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 40-42"
5519,404,67,167,716,2,35,Poultice of powdered plant used for swellings.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 716"
5535,404,107,79,27,2,35,Compound decoction of leaves boiled into a thick paste used as a salve or liniment for athletes.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27"
5536,404,107,79,27,2,35,Infusion of plant used to bathe body parts for rheumatism.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27"
5537,404,107,79,27,2,35,"Plants beaten into a paste, rubbed on body parts and heated with hot stones for rheumatism.","Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27"
5574,406,67,152,38,2,35,Infusion of fresh or dried leaves used for arthritic like ailments.,"Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38"
5575,406,67,152,38,2,35,Infusion of stems used for discomfort of swollen areas.,"Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 38"
5593,406,255,36,17,2,35,Decoction of above the ground part of the plant used as a body wash for aches and pains.,"Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 17"
5594,406,255,36,17,2,35,Poultice of leaves applied or decoction of leaves used as a wash for swellings and body aches.,"Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 17"
5616,407,79,38,351,2,35,Plant used externally and internally for rheumatism.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 351"
5651,407,115,66,105,2,35,Poultice of herbage used as a substitute for liniment.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 105"
5738,407,185,50,128,2,35,Poultice of ground leaves and tobacco applied to swellings on adults or children.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 128"
5762,407,232,12,44-47,2,35,"Poultice of boiled branches applied for aches and pains, especially rheumatism.","Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 44-47"