id,species,tribe,source,pageno,use_category,use_subcategory,notes,rawsource
375,15,24,31,29,1,31,Pods eaten fresh.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 29"
529,26,259,10,147,1,31,"Sprouted seeds boiled and eaten as green vegetables. The sprouted seeds were generally bitter, but the young shoots were considered to be quite sweet and juicy.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 147"
1662,81,202,40,130,1,31,Baked on hot rocks or in the oven or fried.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 130"
1663,82,202,40,129,1,31,Plant top cooked on a flat hot rock and eaten.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 129"
1739,89,188,27,14,1,31,Central flowering stalks eaten as greens in spring before they emerged.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 14"
1740,89,188,27,14,1,31,Crowns with leaves removed eaten as greens in winter.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 14"
1741,89,188,27,16,1,31,Flower stalks eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 16"
1742,89,188,27,46,1,31,Flower stalks roasted in ashes and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 46"
1743,89,188,27,46,1,31,Pit baked and used as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 46"
1805,94,11,95,38,1,31,"Stalks boiled, dried and stored to be used as vegetables.","Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 38"
1913,107,106,60,10,1,31,Green leaves boiled and eaten.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 10"
1914,107,106,60,10,1,31,"Whole plant above the ground boiled, washed in cold water to remove bitterness and fried in grease.","Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 10"
1967,125,101,76,40,1,31,Cooked leaves eaten as greens.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 40"
1968,125,101,19,47,1,31,Leaves cooked and used as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 47"
2028,132,183,98,55,1,31,"Onions eaten raw, boiled or baked in a pit.","Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 55"
2059,138,32,86,46,1,31,Boiled bulbs fried with grease and greens.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 46"
2060,138,100,112,118,1,31,"Bulb, consisting of the fleshy bases of the leaves, eaten raw.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118"
2061,138,100,112,118,1,31,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118"
2084,140,87,14,194,1,31,Bulbs used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 194"
2101,141,11,95,47,1,31,Onions occasionally eaten raw.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 47"
2104,141,23,146,23,1,31,Bulbs and leaves eaten raw.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
2119,141,54,145,485,1,31,Species used for food.,"Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, page 485"
2122,141,87,14,193,1,31,Bulbs cooked and eaten and the tops eaten fresh with meat.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 193"
2128,141,101,76,20,1,31,"Bulbs eaten fresh, uncooked or boiled.","Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20"
2130,141,107,79,25,1,31,Bulbs used for food.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25"
2144,141,157,121,29,1,31,Bulbs cooked with other vegetables.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29"
2145,141,157,121,29,1,31,Roasted bulbs eaten with salt and pepper.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29"
2150,141,173,20,406,1,31,"Used in the spring as an article of food, the small wild onion was sweet.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 406"
2152,141,175,32,38,1,31,Bulbs pit cooked and eaten.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
2171,142,23,42,278,1,31,Bulbs eaten raw.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 278"
2178,143,202,40,86,1,31,Greens and bulb eaten raw or cooked with potatoes or meats for flavoring.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 86"
2180,144,175,32,38,1,31,"Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
2189,147,11,95,47,1,31,Onions occasionally eaten raw.,"Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 47"
2193,147,175,32,38,1,31,"Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38"
2201,151,157,119,221,1,31,Entire plant eaten raw or cooked with meat.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
2228,158,72,54,28,1,31,"Leaves eaten cooked or raw with seal oil, meat and fish.","Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 28"
2229,158,72,54,28,1,31,"Leaves fried with meat, fat, other greens, vinegar, salt and pepper and eaten as a hot salad.","Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 28"
2230,158,72,54,28,1,31,Leaves used like raw green onions or garlic in a salad.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 28"
2256,160,23,146,23,1,31,Bulbs boiled with meat.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23"
2260,160,47,144,89,1,31,Roots used as a principle vegetable food.,"Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
2263,160,97,127,19,1,31,Bulbs eaten fresh.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 19"
2267,160,106,60,10,1,31,Tops and roots eaten raw and fresh.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 10"
2269,160,151,73,6,1,31,Onions cooked and eaten.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2273,160,185,50,44,1,31,Bulbs eaten raw.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44"
2288,163,32,86,47,1,31,"Bulbs and leaves cooked like poke, with or without eggs.","Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 47"
2293,163,100,112,118,1,31,"Bulb, consisting of the fleshy bases of the leaves, eaten raw.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118"
2294,163,100,112,118,1,31,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 118"
2297,163,206,43,104,1,31,"Large, wild onion used for food.","Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 104"
2306,165,24,31,37,1,31,Bulbs eaten raw.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 37"
2694,183,95,19,10,1,31,Cooked as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 10"
2695,183,95,37,74,1,31,Cooked with meat and eaten as greens.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 74"
2699,184,43,19,16,1,31,Young plants eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16"
2707,186,2,19,15,1,31,Young plants boiled and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2713,186,95,37,74,1,31,Cooked and eaten as greens.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 74"
2718,186,124,19,15,1,31,Young plants boiled and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2720,186,151,73,6,1,31,Used as a potherb.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
2724,186,157,19,15,1,31,"Boiled and eaten like spinach, boiled and fried in lard or canned.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2725,186,207,19,15,1,31,"Boiled and eaten like spinach, boiled and fried in lard or canned.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2726,186,249,19,15,1,31,"Boiled and eaten like spinach, boiled and fried in lard or canned.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2730,187,44,125,200,1,31,Plants cooked and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200"
2733,187,147,125,200,1,31,Plants cooked and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200"
2742,188,108,90,558,1,31,Leaves eaten as greens.,"White, Leslie A, 1945, Notes on the Ethnobotany of the Keres, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters 30:557-568, page 558"
2746,188,234,159,107,1,31,Leaves used as greens.,"White, Leslie A., 1962, The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico, XXX SI-BAE  Bulletin #, page 107"
2751,189,24,31,37,1,31,Boiled leaves eaten as greens or used as potherbs.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 37"
2753,190,2,19,16,1,31,Young plants boiled and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16"
2762,190,89,2,218,1,31,Leaves of young plants cooked like spinach.,"Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 218"
2763,190,89,2,66,1,31,"Young, fresh, tender leaves boiled, drained, balled into individual portions and served.","Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 66"
2766,190,107,79,26,1,31,"Young, tender plants used for greens like spinach.","Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26"
2769,190,124,19,16,1,31,Young plants boiled and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16"
2771,191,44,125,200,1,31,Plants cooked and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200"
2774,191,147,125,200,1,31,Plants cooked and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200"
2781,191,188,27,46,1,31,Boiled and used for greens.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 46"
2782,191,188,160,61,1,31,Greens used for food.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.  First Edition., page 61"
2783,191,188,27,14,1,31,Leaves eaten as greens in mid summer.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 14"
2785,191,193,11,47,1,31,"Young, tender leaves cooked and eaten as greens.","Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 47"
2788,191,195,136,5,1,31,Leaves used as greens.,"Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 5"
2791,191,288,125,200,1,31,Plants cooked and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1951, Yuman Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, page 200"
2794,192,95,82,283,1,31,Leaves used as greens.,"Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 283"
2796,193,2,19,15,1,31,Young plants boiled and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2802,193,43,19,16,1,31,Young plants eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 16"
2804,193,100,112,117,1,31,"Cooked and seasoned with salt, pepper or butter.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 117"
2805,193,101,76,21,1,31,"Fresh, tender, young leaves eaten as greens.","Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 21"
2809,193,107,79,26,1,31,"Young, tender plants used for greens like spinach.","Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26"
2812,193,124,19,15,1,31,Young plants boiled and eaten as greens.,"Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2815,193,149,97,83,1,31,"Combined with mustard, plantain, dock and nettle and used as mixed greens.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 83"
2820,193,157,19,15,1,31,"Boiled and eaten like spinach, boiled and fried in lard or canned.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2821,193,157,74,46,1,31,Leaves boiled and eaten like spinach.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 46"
2826,193,159,18,26,1,31,"Leaves used as spring greens, boiled with meat, boiled alone or boiled and fried with meat or fat.","Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 26"
2828,193,207,19,15,1,31,"Boiled and eaten like spinach, boiled and fried in lard or canned.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2829,193,249,19,15,1,31,"Boiled and eaten like spinach, boiled and fried in lard or canned.","Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I.  Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15"
2834,194,284,48,256,1,31,Leaves boiled for greens and sometimes mixed with dried mescal.,"Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 256"
2889,202,188,27,14,1,31,Stalks eaten as greens in the summer.,"Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 14"
3208,227,32,86,45,1,31,Underground fruit cooked like pinto beans or added to cornmeal and hot water.,"Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of  'Wild'  Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 45"
3218,227,173,20,405,1,31,"Beans cooked, unusual flavor imparted and eaten.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 405"
3228,230,195,136,5,1,31,"Leaves boiled or boiled, strained, refried and eaten as greens. Star mallow, wild heliotrope, fiddlenecks and wild sorrel were dropped entirely from the Pima diet.  The author suspects they were spring starvation season foods.","Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 5"
3231,232,106,60,11,1,31,Leaves bruised by rubbing between the hands and eaten with salt.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 11"
3418,257,70,171,28,1,31,"Tender, young leaf stalks and peeled, young flowering stems eaten raw.","Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 28"
3420,258,233,92,56,1,31,"Young stems, with a celery flavor, eaten in May.","Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 56"
3518,265,4,132,11,1,31,Leaves cooked as a green vegetable or boiled with fish.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 11"
3529,265,67,167,715,1,31,Used like celery.,"Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715"
3566,267,160,81,377,1,31,Leaves eaten as greens.,"Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 377"