id,species,tribe,source,pageno,use_category,use_subcategory,notes,rawsource
347,9,95,37,"36, 75",2,15,Plant placed on child's head to induce sleep.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 36, 75"
764,38,32,1,62,2,15,Infusion taken for restful sleep.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
1384,55,211,102,30,2,15,Infusion given to children and babies for fretfulness.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30"
1430,60,32,1,30,2,15,Given to make babies sleep.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"
2266,160,100,7,320,2,15,"Compound infusion used for a 'baby who starts suddenly, especially in sleep.'","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 320"
3427,259,32,1,23,2,15,'Root tonic' taken by weakly and nervous females.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 23"
3554,267,59,128,657,2,15,Roots used for hysterics.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 657"
3643,282,32,1,32,2,15,Used for hysterics.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
3659,282,100,7,472,2,15,Cold infusion of dried roots and stems taken as a sedative.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 472"
4837,367,139,21,202,2,15,Compound used in very small doses for insomnia.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 202"
5003,388,125,108,35,2,15,Pulverized roots put on sleeping man's face so his horses could be stolen.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 35"
5969,421,32,1,"35, 36",2,15,"Leaves, roots or blossoms used for hysterical or nervous debility.","Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35, 36"
6061,422,259,33,508,2,15,Whole plant or stems put in infant's bed to quiet baby and for illness.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 508"
6819,539,228,88,237,2,15,"Plant used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237"
6938,549,259,10,175,2,15,"Young shoots, when eaten in great quantities, caused sleepiness like sleeping pills.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 175"
7054,570,107,79,33,2,15,"Dried roots burned, ground & tossed on hot coals or smoke inhaled for nervousness.","Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 33"
8041,730,141,35,56,2,15,Root used as a sedative.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56"
8255,761,58,47,34,2,15,Seed given to a crying child to quiet him or her.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 34"
8559,806,32,1,30,2,15,Syrup or decoction of root given for 'fits and hysterics.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"
8642,809,157,74,62,2,15,Compound infusion taken and poultice of plants applied for nervousness.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 62"
9036,854,95,37,"36, 95",2,15,Infusion of root used to 'quiet the baby.',"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 36, 95"
9144,863,32,1,28,2,15,Infusion of flower or herb used for 'hysterical affections.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 28"
9456,895,228,88,233,2,15,"Plant taken & rubbed on the body for lion disease: chest cramps, nervousness & walking continually.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 233"
9778,931,62,97,33,2,15,Infusion of roots used to quiet infants.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 33"
9780,931,63,22,"28, 74",2,15,Infusion of root given to infants to quiet them.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 28, 74"
9826,938,90,68,43,2,15,"Very fine, downy hairs burned and the heat applied for nervousness.","Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 43"
10374,1029,131,5,23,2,15,Infusion of plant taken as a sedative for insomnia.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 23"
10385,1029,202,40,121,2,15,Decoction of crawling stems and leaves used to make you sleepy.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 121"
10711,1077,90,68,49,2,15,Leaves made into a wreath and worn to provide a restful condition of the nerves and body.,"Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 49"
10804,1089,100,7,402,2,15,Infusion of bark used as wash to make babies sleep.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 402"
11918,1205,32,1,42,2,15,Roots used for 'fits' and 'hysterical affections.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"
11923,1205,141,35,56,2,15,Root used for nervousness.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 56"
11924,1205,192,103,310,2,15,Infusion of plant taken for 'nervousness.',"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310"
11937,1208,32,1,42,2,15,Roots used for 'fits' and 'hysterical affections.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"
11941,1208,100,7,289,2,15,Infusion of root taken for nervousness or lack of energy.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 289"
11942,1208,100,7,289,2,15,Used as a nerve medicine.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 289"
12232,1244,269,137,59,2,15,Cold infusion of plant taken to fall into a stupor.,"Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 59"
12639,1320,202,40,105,2,15,Flowers hung on baby baskets to make the baby sleepy.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 105"
14123,1529,107,79,43,2,15,Infusion of roots used for lightning shock.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 43"
14257,1551,59,128,655656,2,15,Plant used to produce a feeling of peace and tranquility.,"Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 655656"
14373,1567,50,16,9,2,15,Flowers laid underneath bed to put child to sleep.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 9"
14393,1569,24,31,73,2,15,Plant used as a sedative for babies.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 73"
14459,1579,38,4,364,2,15,Decoction of root used as a quieting bath for fretful child.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364"
14971,1640,32,1,57,2,15,Infusion taken to calm nerves.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57"
15170,1654,157,74,97,2,15,Plant used for alarm and nervousness.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 97"
15459,1680,32,1,35,2,15,Infusion taken for 'nerves.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
15559,1699,9,150,68,2,15,Used to facilitate sleeping.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 68"
15713,1706,107,79,44,2,15,Fresh leaves used in pillows to overcome insomnia.,"Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 44"
15745,1708,35,115,48,2,15,Roots used for delirium.,"Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 48"
15779,1719,32,1,35,2,15,Used for 'weak stomach and hysterical affections.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
15965,1742,158,106,38,2,15,Plant used as a soporific.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 38"
15982,1750,121,63,288,2,15,Boiled roots eaten to make one very sleepy.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 288"
16309,1786,157,141,151,2,15,Plant used for 'nervousness.',"Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 151"
17008,1864,33,39,187,2,15,Infusion of tops and stems taken for feeling poorly and made one sleepy.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 187"
17431,1920,32,1,39,2,15,'Alleviates pain and produces sleep.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"
17437,1920,62,97,31,2,15,Blossoms used for nervousness.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31"
17441,1920,63,22,"26, 76",2,15,Blossoms used in medicine for 'nervousness.',"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 76"
17446,1920,139,21,250,2,15,Root used for insomnia.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 250"
17449,1920,149,97,"74, 130",2,15,Infusion of blossoms taken for nervous tension.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 74, 130"
17450,1920,149,110,266,2,15,Infusion of blossoms used for nerves.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266"
17451,1920,149,62,120,2,15,Used in making 'nerve medicine.',"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 120"
17458,1920,231,62,120,2,15,Used in making 'nerve medicine' and used as a poultice for pneumonia.,"Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 120"
17530,1931,228,88,237,2,15,"Roots used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237"
17531,1931,228,88,237,2,15,"Whole plant used for turtle sickness: trembling, short breath and cough.","Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 237"
17870,1990,190,17,110,2,15,Root used in smoke treatment for nervousness and bad dreams.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 110"
17911,1994,90,68,35,2,15,"Tubers and other plants pounded, resulting liquid strained and taken for lack of sleep.","Akana, Akaiko, 1922, Hawaiian Herbs of Medicinal Value, Honolulu: Pacific Book House, page 35"
18008,2004,158,106,38,2,15,Plant used as a soporific.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 38"
18451,2054,33,57,4,2,15,Infusion of boughs or fleshy cones taken as a sedative.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 4"
18596,2057,33,57,4,2,15,Infusion of boughs or fleshy cones taken as a sedative.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 4"
18956,2062,33,57,4,2,15,Infusion of boughs or fleshy cones taken as a sedative.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 4"
18957,2062,33,30,36,2,15,Infusion used for sedating hyperactive persons.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 36"
19191,2064,190,17,"63, 64",2,15,Smoke from burning twigs used for nervousness and bad dreams.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 63, 64"
19226,2065,228,88,221,2,15,Plant and other plants used as a baby's charm for fear from dreams about raccoons or opossums.,"Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole:  Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 221"
19377,2084,32,1,42,2,15,Infusion given 'for calming nerves' and 'produces sleep.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"
19897,2131,32,1,45,2,15,Given for 'nervous and hysterical affections' and taken as a stimulant.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 45"
19902,2131,100,116,98,2,15,Infusion of dried plant taken as a tonic for nerves.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 98"
19920,2134,158,106,24,2,15,Plant rubbed on baby's face to put infant to sleep.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 24"
20338,2197,100,7,433,2,15,Compound infusion of plants and flowers given to babies that cry too much.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 433"
20389,2202,100,7,444,2,15,Decoction of twigs given to children for crying.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 444"
20454,2210,32,105,74,2,15,Gum used as a 'drawing plaster' and infusion of inner bark used for nervous patients.,"Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 74"
20455,2210,32,1,58,2,15,Infusion of bark given to nervous patients.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 58"
20481,2211,32,1,50,2,15,Used for 'women with hysterics and weakness.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 50"
20549,2214,138,176,128,2,15,Compound infusion taken and rubbed on body to quiet person near convulsions.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 128"
20566,2216,33,13,"40, 41",2,15,Decoction of root rubbed on one who was 'irrational by reason of illness.',"Grinnell, George Bird, 1905, Some Cheyenne Plant Medicines, American Anthropologist 7:37-43, page 40, 41"
20567,2216,33,39,185,2,15,Infusion of plant parts rubbed on face when irrational from illness.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 185"
20970,2243,259,10,155,2,15,"Leaves used as padding, especially in children's cradles, to cause them to sleep a lot.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 155"
20971,2243,259,10,155,2,15,Leaves used in babies' bath water to make them sleep a lot.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 155"
21088,2258,100,7,443,2,15,Infusion of bark given to children who cry all night.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 443"
21111,2259,259,10,196,2,15,Vine pieces used under the pillow to induce sound sleep.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 196"
21225,2267,100,7,443,2,15,Infusion of bark taken for restlessness.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 443"
21326,2293,121,63,284,2,15,Root ash rubbed into a newborn baby's cradle to make infant sleep well.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 284"
21601,2337,78,9,"52, 53",2,15,"Smoke of root inhaled for bad dreams, influenza and rheumatism.","Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 52, 53"
22101,2381,139,21,230231,2,15,Smudge used 'to hush a crying child.',"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 230231"
22592,2443,1,84,171,2,15,Used for crying babies.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 171"
22679,2443,131,5,23,2,15,Plant used as a sedative.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 23"
22684,2443,134,93,250,2,15,Infusion of plants used to quiet children suffering from croup.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 250"
22813,2445,32,1,"48, 49",2,15,Taken for hysterics.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 48, 49"
22828,2445,131,5,23,2,15,Plant used as a sedative.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 23"
22848,2442,32,1,"48, 49",2,15,Taken for hysterics.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 48, 49"
23151,2494,138,51,51,2,15,Infusion of leaves taken 'to cure insomnia.',"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 51"
23185,2503,32,1,39,2,15,Used for hysterics and restful sleep.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 39"