id,species,tribe,source,pageno,use_category,use_subcategory,notes,rawsource
1158,49,175,32,117,2,13,Plant considered highly poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 117"
1160,50,72,54,140,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 140"
1162,51,79,38,360,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 360"
1163,52,56,83,303,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303"
1164,53,5,130,428,2,13,Plant possibly used at one time as a poison.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 428"
1165,54,5,194,29,2,13,Used for fish and whale poison.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1951, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  I. Aleutian Vegetation and Aleut Culture, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 29"
1167,54,23,146,34,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 34"
1444,61,4,132,149,2,13,Berries considered poisonous.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 149"
1457,61,68,171,17,2,13,Fruits considered poisonous.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 17"
1464,61,259,10,245,2,13,Red and white berried plant considered extremely poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 245"
1479,62,259,33,512,2,13,Decoction of roots considered poisonous if taken in large quantities.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 512"
1485,64,141,188,56,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1948, Ethnobotanique Et Ethnozoologie Gaspesiennes, Archives de Folklore 3:51-64, page 56"
1602,73,50,16,23,2,13,Fruit used as a fish poison.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 23"
1606,73,106,60,10,2,13,Raw seeds considered poisonous if eaten.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 10"
1609,73,137,89,366,2,13,Fresh fruit considered poisonous.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 366"
1618,73,200,80,14,2,13,Nuts used as poison.,"Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 14"
1634,76,62,97,30,2,13,Nuts ground and used as fish poison in streams.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 30"
1636,76,63,22,"25, 74",2,13,"Pulverized nuts used as fish poison called 'fish peyote,' made the fish dizzy.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25, 74"
2298,164,137,89,323,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 323"
2692,182,202,40,128,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 128"
3178,218,32,105,74,2,13,Root used as a crow poison.,"Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 74"
3442,259,100,7,401,2,13,Plant used as poison.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 401"
3598,270,100,7,400,2,13,Roots eaten to commit suicide.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 400"
3669,282,287,69,94,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 94"
3753,296,151,73,6,2,13,Root poisonous in large doses and poisonous to cattle feeding on it.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 6"
4173,321,32,105,74,2,13,Green roots considered poisonous.,"Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 74"
4395,337,137,89,375,2,13,Fruit considered poisonous.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 375"
4835,367,139,21,202,2,13,"Finely chopped root put in meat for enemies, to cause pain and death.","Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 202"
4836,367,139,21,272,2,13,Root cooked with meat used in abandoned vessels to poison enemy during war.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 272"
4844,367,149,110,269,2,13,Infusion of plant poisonous when taken internally.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 269"
4845,367,149,97,70,2,13,"Infusion of root, poisonous if swallowed, gargled for sore throat.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 70"
4854,367,192,103,310,2,13,Infusion of plant considered poisonous.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310"
5200,395,259,33,512,2,13,Plant considered poisonous 'if it enters the blood.',"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 512"
6118,432,137,89,380,2,13,Flowers considered poisonous.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 380"
6252,442,259,33,513,2,13,Root poisonous in large amounts.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 513"
6263,444,193,11,81,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 81"
6523,486,131,5,36,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 36"
6545,494,125,108,46,2,13,Plant poisonous to livestock.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 46"
6549,496,4,132,159,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 159"
6550,496,24,31,44,2,13,Plant poisonous to stock.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 44"
6552,496,33,57,28,2,13,Plant poisonous to horses.,"Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 28"
6559,496,157,74,55,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 55"
6621,503,101,76,24,2,13,Infectious wood used to make poison arrow heads for war purposes.,"Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 24"
7458,612,87,14,134,2,13,"Spores dangerous, especially harmful to the eyes.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 134"
7459,613,87,14,134,2,13,"Spores dangerous, especially harmful to the eyes.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 134"
7460,614,87,14,134,2,13,"Spores dangerous, especially harmful to the eyes.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 134"
7549,627,79,38,364,2,13,Seeds had poisonous effects.,"Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 364"
7578,634,92,41,56,2,13,"Long, sharp-awned fruit were said to be very dangerous if swallowed.","Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 56"
7653,662,58,47,33,2,13,Plant poisonous to touch and eat.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 33"
7783,685,1,84,155,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
7786,685,4,132,19,2,13,Raw leaves considered poisonous.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 19"
7797,685,72,54,143,2,13,"Young shoots poisonous, if not boiled.","Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 143"
7809,688,87,14,134,2,13,"Spores dangerous, especially harmful to the eyes.","Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 134"
7816,690,32,105,74,2,13,Seeds used to poison wolves.,"Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 74"
7997,727,100,7,340,2,13,Roots used as a poison to kill.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 340"
8457,782,32,1,40,2,13,Infusion used 'to destroy your enemies.',"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 40"
8757,820,100,7,376,2,13,Berries considered poisonous.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 376"
8764,820,172,17,102,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 102"
9029,853,35,138,289,2,13,Poisonous root used as an emetic.,"Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 289"
9220,877,193,11,99,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 99"
9312,882,253,25,41,2,13,Infusion of plant considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41"
9472,897,106,60,19,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 19"
9586,913,32,1,62,2,13,Infusion used to kill rats.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 62"
9705,922,50,16,28,2,13,Bulb used as a fish poison.,"Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 28"
9721,922,137,89,319,2,13,Root considered poisonous.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 319"
9730,922,140,109,336,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 336"
9833,941,4,132,153,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 153"
9836,941,87,14,212,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 212"
9839,941,106,60,20,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 20"
9847,941,121,63,276,2,13,Plant considered highly poisonous.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 276"
9850,941,175,32,60,2,13,Plant considered a very bad poison.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 60"
9855,941,233,92,56,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 56"
9861,941,259,10,150,2,13,"Considered one of the most toxic plants in North America for people, horses, cattle and sheep.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 150"
9862,941,259,33,513,2,13,Roots known to be poisonous to both humans and animals.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 513"
9864,942,4,132,153,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 153"
9874,942,100,7,398,2,13,Roots chewed to commit suicide.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 398"
9876,942,115,66,101,2,13,Poisonous roots mixed with rattlesnake poison or decomposed animal liver and used to poison arrows.,"Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 101"
9877,942,125,108,33,2,13,Plant poisonous to humans.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 33"
9880,943,151,73,10,2,13,Fleshy roots known as a virulent poison and sometimes used for suicide.,"Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 10"
9888,943,232,12,"58, 59",2,13,Root pulp considered poisonous for open wounds.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 58, 59"
9890,945,68,171,17,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 17"
9891,945,137,89,372,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 372"
9892,946,4,132,153,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 153"
9894,946,72,54,137,2,13,Whole plant considered poisonous.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 137"
9895,946,73,187,21,2,13,Root 'considered to be poisonous to people.',"Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 21"
9896,946,75,177,17,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Lantis, Margaret, 1959, Folk Medicine and Hygiene, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 8:1-75, page 17"
9897,946,87,14,212,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 212"
10080,979,111,140,53,2,13,Unripened plant considered poisonous.,"Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 53"
10391,1030,200,80,12,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 12"
10392,1030,202,40,34,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 34"
10406,1031,173,20,430,2,13,Roots chewed by dogs to poison their teeth and kills animals they bite.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 430"
10527,1055,138,51,42,2,13,Compound containing leaves sprinkled on medicine to kill a hated person.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 42"
10576,1062,114,25,42,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10577,1062,125,108,33,2,13,All plant parts very poisonous.,"Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 33"
10578,1062,245,25,42,2,13,Roots considered poisonous.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 42"
10589,1066,32,1,42,2,13,Roots made cows drunk and killed them.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 42"
10967,1100,259,10,204,2,13,Sap used on arrowheads for the poisonous effect upon animals.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 204"
11001,1102,23,26,84,2,13,Chewed berry spittle used on arrow points and musket balls to cause infections in the wound.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 84"
11421,1130,137,89,355,2,13,Thorns considered poisonous.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 355"
11475,1142,24,31,56,2,13,Toxic plant used only in small dosages for illnesses.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 56"
11496,1145,200,80,13,2,13,Plant considered poisonous.,"Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 13"