id,species,tribe,source,pageno,use_category,use_subcategory,notes,rawsource
1,1,21,53,197,2,25,Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and used for infected eyes.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
2,1,21,53,197,2,14,Infusion of bark taken for stomach ailments.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
3,1,21,53,197,2,123,Liquid pitch mixed with mountain goat tallow and taken for sore throat.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
4,1,21,53,197,2,49,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 197"
5,1,86,166,152,2,69,Bark and other plants used as a tonic.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
6,1,86,166,152,2,,Bark and other plants used for 'sickness.',"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152"
7,1,86,166,151,1,,Cambium used for food.,"Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151"
8,1,86,14,173,3,30,Pitch applied to the face of mourners.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173"
9,1,87,14,173,4,51,Boughs used as a 'bush sleigh' to pull cargo across deep snow.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173"
10,1,88,14,173,2,14,Infusion of bark taken for stomach ulcers.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173"
11,1,88,14,173,2,74,Infusion of bark taken for hemorrhoids.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173"
12,1,88,14,173,3,32,Boughs used to line oolichan ripening pits.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 173"
13,1,112,14,316,2,,Decoction of bark used medicinally.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316"
14,1,112,14,316,1,,Inner bark used for food.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 316"
15,1,166,101,71,2,110,"Infusion of crushed bark, red alder and hemlock barks taken for internal injuries.","Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
16,1,166,101,71,2,137,Boughs placed in fire and smoke inhaled to prevent sickness.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
17,1,166,101,71,1,85,Hardened pitch chewed for pleasure.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
18,1,166,101,71,3,28,"Long, hard knots used to make halibut hooks.","Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
19,1,166,101,71,3,53,Boughs bundled up and used as home air fresheners.,"Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 71"
20,1,181,14,68,2,21,Pitch boiled with grease or pitch and sugar and taken for colds.,"Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 68"
21,1,259,10,97,2,21,"Pitch taken for colds. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
22,1,259,10,97,2,20,"Pitch taken for any type of bad disease. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
23,1,259,10,97,2,49,Decoction of boughs and/or bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
24,1,259,10,97,2,49,"Pitch taken for tuberculosis. If too much balsam pitch were taken, it could make one stout.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
25,1,259,10,97,2,49,Poultice of pitch and buttercup roots used for tuberculosis.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
26,1,259,10,97,2,,Decoction of branches taken as medicine.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
27,1,259,10,97,3,53,"Boiled boughs mixed with decoctions of other plants and deer grease and used to perfume the hair. The boiled boughs were mixed with decoctions of leaves from a broad leafed plant from the Okanagan, sweet grass from the Thompson River and deer grease and then used to perfume the hair.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 97"
28,2,1,84,164,2,8,Gum used for 'slight' itches.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164"
29,2,1,84,164,2,8,Gum used to make various ointments.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164"
30,2,1,84,155,2,129,Used as an antiseptic.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
31,2,1,84,155,2,20,Leaves made into pillows and used as a panacea.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155"
32,2,1,84,163,2,,Needles and wood stuffed into pillows and used for good health.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163"
33,2,1,84,164,2,,Needles stuffed into pillows and used for good health.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164"
34,2,7,67,124,2,8,"Poultice of gum applied to open sores, insect bites, boils and infections.","Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
35,2,7,67,124,2,22,Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
36,2,7,67,124,2,104,Roots used for heart disease.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
37,2,7,67,124,2,36,Needles used to make a laxative tea.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
38,2,7,67,124,2,138,Needles used for making poultices.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
39,2,7,67,124,2,,Needles used in a sudatory for women after childbirth and for other purposes.,"Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany:  An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada.  Mercury Series Number 65, page 124"
40,2,8,113,118,2,21,Sap chewed for colds.,"Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118"
41,2,8,113,118,4,67,Boughs used as mats on the tent floor.,"Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118"
42,2,9,150,64,2,3,Decoction of bark and bark from another plant taken for kidney troubles.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64"
43,2,9,150,64,2,3,Gum eaten for kidney pains.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64"
44,2,9,150,64,2,123,Infusion of sap used for sore throats.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64"
45,2,38,4,338,2,6,Gum melted on warm stone and fumes inhaled for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338"
46,2,38,4,362,2,35,Decoction of root used as herbal steam for rheumatic joints.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362"
47,2,38,4,350,2,8,Gum of plant with bear grease used as an ointment for the hair.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 350"
48,2,38,4,362,2,78,Decoction of root sprinkled on hot stones and used as herbal steam for rheumatism.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362"
49,2,38,4,338,2,78,Gum of plant melted on warm stone as herbal steam for headache.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338"
50,2,58,47,21,2,84,Pitch used for menstrual irregularity.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
51,2,58,47,21,2,21,Infusion of bark and sometimes wood taken for colds.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
52,2,58,47,21,2,9,Infusion of bark and sometimes wood taken for coughs.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
53,2,58,47,21,2,8,Pitch and grease used as an ointment for scabies and boils.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
54,2,58,47,21,2,8,Poultice of pitch applied to cuts.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
55,2,58,47,21,2,49,Decoction of pitch and sturgeon oil used for tuberculosis.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
56,2,58,47,21,2,49,Infusion of bark taken for tuberculosis.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
57,2,58,47,21,4,91,Boughs used to make a brush shelter.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
58,2,58,47,21,4,70,Wood used to make paddles.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 21"
59,2,100,7,269,2,35,Steam from decoction of branches used as a bath for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
60,2,100,7,269,2,92,Compound decoction taken for rheumatism.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
61,2,100,59,37,2,64,Poultice of gum and dried beaver kidneys applied for cancer.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 37"
62,2,100,7,269,2,21,Compound decoction taken for colds.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
63,2,100,59,37,2,21,Infusion of gum and hot milk taken as an antiseptic for colds.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 37"
64,2,100,7,269,2,9,Decoction taken straight or diluted with alcohol for coughs.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
65,2,100,7,269,2,8,"Compound decoction applied to cuts, bruises, sprains or sores.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
66,2,100,7,269,2,22,Steam from decoction of branches used as a bath for parturition.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
67,2,100,7,269,2,39,"Decoction used as wash and poultice applied to cuts, bruises, sprains and sores.","Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269"
68,2,100,7,270,2,49,Compound decoction taken during early stages of consumption.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 270"
69,2,100,7,270,2,80,Used for bed wetting.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 270"
70,2,100,7,270,2,46,Used for gonorrhea.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 270"
71,2,134,93,244,2,36,Juice used as a laxative.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 244"
72,2,134,78,6,2,,Pitch used in medicines.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
73,2,134,93,257,2,46,Infusion of bark used for gonorrhea.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257"
74,2,134,93,257,2,46,"Infusion of bark, spruce bark and tamarack bark used for gonorrhea.","Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 257"
75,2,134,78,6,4,67,Needles and branches used for pillows and bedding.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
76,2,134,78,6,4,102,Roots used for thread.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
77,2,134,78,6,3,154,Pitch used for waterproofing seams in canoes.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6"
78,2,138,51,45,2,149,Inner bark used as a seasoner for medicines.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
79,2,138,51,45,2,6,Infusion of inner bark taken for chest pain.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
80,2,138,51,45,2,21,Liquid balsam pressed from trunk used for colds.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
81,2,138,176,132,2,8,Gum from plant blisters applied to sores.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 132"
82,2,138,51,45,2,48,Liquid balsam pressed from trunk used for pulmonary troubles.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
83,2,138,51,45,2,,Poultice of fresh inner bark used for unspecified illnesses.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45"
84,2,141,35,53,2,68,"Buds, cones and inner bark used for diarrhea.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
85,2,141,35,53,2,82,Gum used for burns.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
86,2,141,35,53,2,21,Gum used for colds.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
87,2,141,35,53,2,8,"Gum used for bruises, sores and wounds.","Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
88,2,141,35,53,2,14,Cones used for colic.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
89,2,141,35,53,2,36,Buds used as a laxative.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
90,2,141,35,53,2,39,Gum used for fractures.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
91,2,141,35,53,2,46,Bark used for gonorrhea and buds used as a laxative.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 53"
92,2,141,182,258,4,67,Boughs used to make beds.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
93,2,141,182,258,1,27,Bark used to make a beverage.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
94,2,141,182,258,3,37,Wood used for kindling and fuel.,"Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258"
95,2,150,103,313,2,202,Inner bark grated and eaten to benefit the diet.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 313"
96,2,173,20,378,2,12,Needle-like leaves used as part of the ceremony involving the sweatbath.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
97,2,173,20,378,2,21,Balsam gum used for colds and leaf smoke inhaled for colds.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
98,2,173,8,244,2,9,Plant used as a cough medicine.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 244"
99,2,173,20,378,2,8,Balsam gum used for sores and compound containing leaves used as a wash.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
100,2,173,20,378,2,77,Needle-like leaves used as part of the medicine for the sweatbath.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"
101,2,173,20,378,2,25,Liquid balsam from bark blister used for sore eyes.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378"